CN1043963C - 油吸收颗粒 - Google Patents

油吸收颗粒 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1043963C
CN1043963C CN95191272A CN95191272A CN1043963C CN 1043963 C CN1043963 C CN 1043963C CN 95191272 A CN95191272 A CN 95191272A CN 95191272 A CN95191272 A CN 95191272A CN 1043963 C CN1043963 C CN 1043963C
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oil
absorbing article
shape
crust
pincushion
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CN1138835A (zh
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托尔·桑德奎斯特
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
    • B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/10—Devices for removing the material from the surface
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
    • C02F1/681—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water by addition of solid materials for removing an oily layer on water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/32—Materials not provided for elsewhere for absorbing liquids to remove pollution, e.g. oil, gasoline, fat
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/10—Devices for removing the material from the surface
    • E02B15/101—Means floating loosely on the water absorbing the oil
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Cleaning Or Clearing Of The Surface Of Open Water (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)

Abstract

油吸收颗粒，包括主要是由羊毛毡组成的外皮，和被所述外皮包裹的主要是细粒状干燥松树皮组成的芯。

Description

油吸收颗粒
本发明涉及可在陆地和水上都能使用的一种油吸收颗粒。
油污染物产生了严重地污染问题，人们已经提出了几种不同的方法和装置，用来收集或可能消灭泄漏的油。
已经成功地使用的吸油装置是细粒状的干燥松树皮。这种材料撒在泄漏油已经暴露的区域，并通过使用适量的树皮就能够基本除去所有泄漏的油。但是，在许多情况下，由于在使用后这些材料的收集相当困难，因此难以使用和贮存这种细粒状的材料。人们已经试用了不同种类的松树皮，但是这些努力都远没有成功。通过使用多孔纸袋作为包皮，用细粒状的干松树皮充满，人们已经发现，包皮本身吸油，并通过纸袋进一步吸油并进入树皮然后纸袋被堵塞。用小网眼袋进行了一些试验，但是该袋或有方孔，使松树皮粉末漏出，或该袋太致密，与纸袋的结果相同。
与使用没有束缚的松树皮相比，当然，在允许油通过被外皮包果的松树皮吸收的外皮中的吸油松树皮要实用得多。这种带外皮的颗粒易于贮存、使用和在使用后易于除去。但是，如上所述，问题是适宜外皮至今还没找到。
按照本发明，提供了一种油吸收颗粒，其特征是包括主要是由羊毛毡组成的包皮，和被所述包皮包裹的主要是由细粒状干燥松树皮组成的芯。
“树”包括三种松树，具体地说一般的松树(Pinus Silvestris)，但是也有其它种类的松树，例如扭叶松、瑞士岩松、欧洲松和西黄松。
十分重要的是松树皮要彻底地干燥。细粒状的如碾磨过的松树皮的干燥要仔细地进行，除去全部或基本上全部的水分。例如这种干燥过程是在一众所周知的旋风分离器中进行。
羊毛毡包皮有令人惊奇的特性，即在使用中，它将让油通过进入松树皮，该松树皮被油饱和。与纸袋相反，既使在羊毛毡包皮被油饱和后仍允许油通过。被油饱和也将阻止水的吸收，这就是说当吸油颗粒在水上用作油的围栏或相似方法使用时，在吸油后将保持浮在水面上。
所述的羊毛毡必须是致密得不泄漏细粒状松树皮，但是也不能致密得难以吸收油。
更具体地，当本发明的吸油颗粒较大时，希望内部分离壁与包皮是适宜的相同材料。这将给颗粒更大的稳定性并防止松树皮被置换。
同样，在许多情况下，颗粒含增强材料，特别是在包皮中含增强材料是适宜的，这样颗粒将有较小的破碎或破裂的倾向。这种应用特别是大颗粒将用叉式起重车或类似设备的处理。增强材料可以是任何适宜的材料，优选使用天然材料例如使用黄麻。
在包皮中所使用的羊毛可以是适宜的废羊毛，即废料，它可以织成羊毛毡，任意地将增强材料加入其中。
在使用之后，油饱和的颗粒可以按公共法规在废物渣坑中直接处理，而不要任何专门的处理或燃烧，因为油不会漏出。因此从环境的观点为来看，由于本发明的吸油颗粒的包皮及芯均由废料制备，在使用后油饱和颗料可以处理而无任何环境污染的危险，并将逐渐地降解，因而是非常有利的。
本发明的油吸收颗料除了除油外，还可以用来除去其它的污染化学品，尤其是油性的化学品。
本发明的颗粒可以由普通消费者在几个不同的场所使用，例如(船、汽车加油站、小的汽车库等)，在工业方面(大汽车库、工业公司、炼油厂等)和用于海上油保护(本发明的颗粒将是有特别意义的油围栏)。
根据所需的用途，本发明的颗粒为不同形状，例如袋、丛状或“烧瓶状”，和也可为油围栏状。
在运输和贮存期间，本发明的颗粒进行适当地包装是合适的，例如用塑料袋装。这将避免颗粒受潮或损坏。
实施例
本发明的油吸收颗粒制成尺寸为22×12×5cm的枕形块状，羊毛毡外皮约0.5cm，中欧山松树有细粒状干燥松树皮芯。
在1.5×0.8m的水面上，倾倒约1升的废油。然后将该枕形块置放在表面上，绕表面移动，在一小时后，大约所有的油都被枕形块吸收，仅剩很薄油膜。当枕形物从表面取走时，仅水滴流出，而无任何油漏出。

Claims (18)

1．油吸收颗粒，其特征是主要是由羊毛毡组成的外皮，所述外皮包裹主要是细粒状干燥松树皮的芯。
2．根据权利要求1的油吸收颗粒，其特征是外皮和/或芯含增强材料。
3．根据权利要求1或2的油吸收颗粒，其特征是外皮是废羊毛和黄麻增强材料。
4．根据权利要求1的油吸收颗粒，其特征是在芯中有与外皮相同材料的分离壁。
5．根据权利要求2的油吸收颗粒，其特征是在芯中有与外皮相同材料的分离壁。
6．根据权利要求3的油吸收颗粒，其特征是在芯中有与外皮相同材料的分离壁。
7．根据权利要求1的油吸收颗粒，其特征是其为枕形、丛状或烧瓶形状。
8．根据权利要求2的油吸收颗粒，其特征是其为枕形、丛状或烧瓶形状。
9．根据权利要求3的油吸收颗粒，其特征是其为枕形、丛状或烧瓶形状。
10．根据权利要求4的油吸收颗粒，其特征是其为枕形、丛状或烧瓶形状。
11．根据权利要求5的油吸收颗粒，其特征是其为枕形、丛状或烧瓶形状。
12．根据权利要求6的油吸收颗粒，其特征是其为枕形、丛状或烧瓶形状。
13．根据权利要求1的油吸收颗粒，其特征是其为油围栏形状。
14．根据权利要求2的油吸收颗粒，其特征是其为油围栏形状。
15．根据权利要求3的油吸收颗粒，其特征是其为油围栏形状。
16．根据权利要求4的油吸收颗粒，其特征是其为油围栏形状。
17．根据权利要求5的油吸收颗粒，其特征是其为油围栏形状。
18．根据权利要求6的油吸收颗粒，其特征是其为油围栏形状。
CN95191272A 1994-01-19 1995-01-19 油吸收颗粒 Expired - Fee Related CN1043963C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO940192A NO179604C (no) 1994-01-19 1994-01-19 Oljeabsorberende artikkel som omfatter furubark
NO940192 1994-01-19

Publications (2)

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CN1138835A CN1138835A (zh) 1996-12-25
CN1043963C true CN1043963C (zh) 1999-07-07

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US (1) US5795842A (zh)
EP (1) EP0740582B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH09508060A (zh)
CN (1) CN1043963C (zh)
AT (1) ATE170103T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU677503B2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2181071A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE69504302D1 (zh)
FI (1) FI120436B (zh)
NO (1) NO179604C (zh)
RU (1) RU2115468C1 (zh)
WO (1) WO1995019842A1 (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10056439A1 (de) * 2000-11-14 2002-05-23 Bernhard Rietzke Vorrichtung zur Ölbeseitigung
SE528562C2 (sv) * 2004-02-03 2006-12-19 Anund Pihlstroem Fett- och oljeabsorbent med innehåll av barr
US20070207533A1 (en) * 2006-03-03 2007-09-06 Callahan And Chase Llc Device and method for collection and biodegradation of hydrocarbon fluids
AR061179A1 (es) * 2007-06-04 2008-08-06 Ciancaglini Y Asoc S A R Un producto secuestrante de hidrocarburos, metodo para obtener el producto, metodo para el secuestro de hidrocarburos y disposicion para el secuestro de hidrocarburos.
US7922913B2 (en) * 2008-02-21 2011-04-12 Rousseau Research, Inc. Removing oil from surface using dry amorphous silica product with inert carrier
JP5759265B2 (ja) * 2011-05-25 2015-08-05 カクイ株式会社 ハイブリッド吸着体
CN103628456B (zh) * 2013-12-17 2015-05-13 河南省化工研究所有限责任公司 羊毛吸油辊筒的制作方法
RU2656373C2 (ru) * 2015-04-14 2018-06-05 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Калмыцкий государственный университет" Способ рекультивации почв, подвергнутых загрязнению нефтью и нефтепродуктами
RU169140U1 (ru) * 2016-08-26 2017-03-06 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Кватернион" Устройство для сбора жидких углеводородов
RU2713346C1 (ru) * 2019-04-29 2020-02-04 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Калмыцкий государственный университет имени Б.Б. Городовикова» Способ детоксикации почвы с применением природных сорбентов

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SE322735B (zh) * 1967-05-26 1970-04-13 H Fahlvik
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DE1813609A1 (de) * 1968-12-10 1970-06-25 Pinus Holzimp Gmbh Karlsruhe K Verfahren zur Beseitigung von OEl aus Oberflaechenwasser und Abwasser
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JPS5275682A (en) * 1975-12-19 1977-06-24 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Oil adsorbent
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FR2509340A1 (fr) * 1981-07-08 1983-01-14 Granofibre Expl Brevets Nappe absorbante de liquides varies et notamment d'hydrocarbures
AU601834B2 (en) * 1987-04-13 1990-09-20 Natcor Holdings Pty Ltd Oil absorbent and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU677503B2 (en) 1997-04-24
FI962914A0 (fi) 1996-07-19
WO1995019842A1 (en) 1995-07-27
ATE170103T1 (de) 1998-09-15
FI962914A (fi) 1996-07-19
NO179604B (no) 1996-08-05
NO940192D0 (no) 1994-01-19
DE69504302D1 (de) 1998-10-01
US5795842A (en) 1998-08-18
EP0740582A1 (en) 1996-11-06
CN1138835A (zh) 1996-12-25
FI120436B (fi) 2009-10-30
EP0740582B1 (en) 1998-08-26
CA2181071A1 (en) 1995-07-27
JPH09508060A (ja) 1997-08-19
NO940192L (no) 1995-07-20
NO179604C (no) 1996-11-13
AU1546795A (en) 1995-08-08
RU2115468C1 (ru) 1998-07-20

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