CN104392753A - Experimental system used for simulating severe accident conditions of containment of nuclear power plant, and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Experimental system used for simulating severe accident conditions of containment of nuclear power plant, and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104392753A CN104392753A CN201410539281.8A CN201410539281A CN104392753A CN 104392753 A CN104392753 A CN 104392753A CN 201410539281 A CN201410539281 A CN 201410539281A CN 104392753 A CN104392753 A CN 104392753A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 128
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 81
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013481 data capture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012954 risk control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011076 safety test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012956 testing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- ATYZRBBOXUWECY-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Zr] ATYZRBBOXUWECY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental system used for simulating severe accident conditions of the containment of a nuclear power plant and an implementation method thereof to overcome the problem that comprehensive simulation of severe accident conditions of the containment of a nuclear power plant cannot be realized in the prior art. The experimental system comprises an experimental container, a first pressure sensor arranged in the experimental container, a data acquisition system, an exhaust pipeline, an air supply system, a hydrogen supply system, a spray system, an aerosol supply system, a cable combustion product supply system, a water vapor on-line supply system and at least four sampling pipelines, wherein the data acquisition system is connected with the experimental container through multipoint thermocouples; the exhaust pipeline, the air supply system, the hydrogen supply system, the spray system, the aerosol supply system, the cable combustion product supply system, the water vapor on-line supply system and the at least four sampling pipelines are connected with the experimental container; and the aerosol supply system is connected with the spray system. The experimental system provided by the invention has a reasonable structure, can authentically and comprehensively simulate severe accident conditions in the nuclear power plant and carries out hydrogen elimination performance testing on a passive hydrogen recombiner on the basis of simulation results; moreover, testing results approximately represent actual working conditions, so good reference standards are provided for researching and designing of the recombiner.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental system in nuclear power hydrogen safety equipment, what be specifically related to is a kind of experimental system and its implementation of simulating Nuclear Safety shell major accident operating mode.
Background technology
After Fukushima, Japan nuclear accident, hydrogen risk control in Nuclear Safety shell more and more comes into one's own, more and more higher to the requirement of hydrogen safety equipment, particularly under major accident operating mode, whether hydrogen safety equipment still can play hydrogen and to control or the function eliminated has become the important examination standard of equipment.Especially as the non-active hydrogen recombiner (PARs) of the hydrogen means that mainly disappear, it to be examined especially at the runnability of major accident operating mode.
But, under major accident operating mode, in containment, there is complex environment condition: temperature is up to more than 150 DEG C, pressure is up to more than 0.5Mpa, the metering of accumulation irradiation is greater than 5 × 10
6gy; Gas in containment comprises radioaerosol (>=50g/m
3), water vapour (reaching as high as 60%), hydrogen (reaching as high as more than 10%), air and CO etc. poison component.
The passive hydrogen recombiner of China is mainly from the import of French Areva Ta company.Though the research of this respect is had domestic, but due to the restriction of technical elements, want to realize above-mentioned environmental baseline very difficult simultaneously, thus the current simulation test to recombiner design nuclear plant severe accident operating mode can only be used for laboratory study usually, recombiner level designed by it is also lower, can not reflect at all and the hydrogen performance that disappears that passive hydrogen recombiner is real under major accident operating mode therefore also be difficult to the needs of satisfied current actual condition.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical deficiency, the invention provides a kind of experimental system and its implementation of simulating Nuclear Safety shell major accident operating mode, the various conditions of nuclear power station design major accident operating mode can be simulated truly, all sidedly, thus the hydrogen performance that disappears of non-active hydrogen recombiner is comprehensively detected.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The experimental system of simulation Nuclear Safety shell major accident operating mode, comprise the experiment container for loading passive hydrogen recombiner complete machine, to be arranged in experiment container, for the first pressure transducer of test experience container internal pressure, and data acquisition system (DAS), also comprise the gas exhaust duct, air supply system, hydrogen supply system, spray system, gasoloid supply system, cable fire product supply system, the online supply system of water vapour that are all connected with experiment container and be at least the sampling pipe of four; Described experiment container is connected with data acquisition system (DAS) by multipoint thermocouple; Described gasoloid supply system is connected with spray system.
Specifically, described experiment container is made up of stainless steel, and internal capacity is greater than 40m
3; Described air supply system comprises the first air-source be connected with experiment container by the first pipeline, and is successively set on the first ducted first reduction valve, first-class gauge, retaining valve, the first isolation valve and the first spark arrester; Described first reduction valve is between the first air-source and first-class gauge.
Specifically, described hydrogen supply system comprises the sources of hydrogen be connected with experiment container by second pipe, and is successively set on the second reduction valve, second gauge, the 3rd reduction valve first solenoid valve, the second spark arrester and the 3rd isolation valve in second pipe; Described second reduction valve is between sources of hydrogen and second gauge.
Further, described spray system comprises the spray liquid blending bin built with the spray liquid mixed by the boric acid of water, 2000 ~ 2200ppm and the NaOH of 0.4% ~ 0.6%, to be connected with this spray liquid blending bin by the 4th pipeline and to be placed in the spray head in experiment container, and being successively set on the 4th ducted ebullator, the second solenoid valve and the 4th isolation valve; Described ebullator is between spray liquid blending bin and the second solenoid valve; Described 4th pipeline is connected with gasoloid supply system.
Specifically, described gasoloid supply system comprises the second air-source by the 5th pipeline and the 4th pipeline communication, and is successively set on the 5th ducted 5th isolation valve, aerosol generator and the 6th isolation valve; Described 5th isolation valve is between the second air-source and aerosol generator.
Again further, described cable fire product supply system comprises the 3rd air-source be connected with experiment container by the 6th pipeline, be successively set on the 6th ducted 5th reduction valve, cable fire room and the 7th isolation valve, and be arranged on the 6th pipeline and at the 7th the second pressure transducer between isolation valve and experiment container; Described 5th reduction valve is between the 3rd air-source and cable fire room.
Further, the online supply system of described water vapour comprises the steam generator be connected with experiment container by the 7th pipeline, be successively set on the 7th ducted 8th isolation valve and the 9th isolation valve, and be arranged on the 7th pipeline and the 3rd pressure transducer between steam generator and the 8th isolation valve.
Based on the said equipment architecture basics, present invention also offers the implementation method of the experimental system of this simulation Nuclear Safety shell major accident operating mode, comprise the following steps:
(1) passive hydrogen recombiner is placed in experiment container, and the measuring point of multipoint thermocouple one end is fixed on each measuring position of passive hydrogen recombiner, other end connection data acquisition system;
(2) pressurize test is carried out to experiment container;
(3) after pressurize test passes, open gas exhaust duct and the first reduction valve respectively, utilize the first reduction valve that the top hole pressure of the first air-source is adjusted to 0.1 ~ 0.2MPa, then retaining valve and the first isolation valve is opened, according to the flow that first-class gauge shows, utilize the first isolation valve by both air flow modulation to the 700 ~ 750m for being passed in experiment container
3/ h, utilize the air entered to carry out purge to experiment container, flushing times is more than 10min;
(4) the first isolation valve, retaining valve and the first reduction valve is closed successively, until close gas exhaust duct when the pressure that the first pressure transducer in experiment container shows is 0.1 ~ 0.15MPa;
(5) cable fire product supply system is utilized to pass into cable fire gaseous product in experiment container;
(6) in aerosol generator, add the iodine of 1.0 ~ 1.2g and the solid BaSO of 2000 ~ 2500g
4powder is mixed to form potpourri, and heats this potpourri;
(7) to after potpourri heating 30 ~ 35min, obtain the gasoloid containing iodine vapor, open the 5th isolation valve and the 6th isolation valve successively, utilize the air push gasoloid of the second air-source to continue to be passed in experiment container, treat that the iodine vapor concentration in this experiment container is more than or equal to 30mg/m
3, aerosol concentration is more than or equal to 50g/m
3time, close the 6th isolation valve, stop heating simultaneously;
(8) regulate output pressure to the 0.5 ~ 0.6MPa of steam generator, and open the 8th isolation valve and the 9th isolation valve successively, water vapour is continued to be passed in experiment container;
(9) after the pressure in experiment container reaches 0.55 ~ 0.6MPa, continue the pressure regulating steam generator exit, make pressure stability in experiment container at 0.55 ~ 0.6MPa, and continue to pass into more than water vapour 30min, make temperature in experiment container be more than or equal to 150 DEG C, pressure is more than or equal to 0.5MPa;
(10) open the second reduction valve and the 3rd reduction valve successively, utilize the second reduction valve and the 3rd reduction valve by different level the top hole pressure of sources of hydrogen to be adjusted to more than 0.5MPa;
(11) open the first solenoid valve and the 3rd isolation valve successively, according to the flow of second gauge display, utilize the 3rd isolation valve to be adjusted to more than 400L/min by for the hydrogen flowing quantity be passed in experiment container;
(12) open gross sample pipeline, observe the situation of change of different sampling spot density of hydrogen, meanwhile, the data gathered by multipoint thermocouple, utilize the temperature variation of different measuring points in data acquisition system (DAS) monitoring experiment container;
(13) continue to perform step (12), until after duration reaches 8 ~ 17min, stop passing into hydrogen, now, in experiment container, the mean concentration of hydrogen is 2% ~ 4%;
(14) by data that multipoint thermocouple gathers, data acquisition system (DAS) is utilized to monitor the surface temperature of passive hydrogen recombiner catalytic plate, and judge whether the surface temperature of this catalytic plate has obvious ascendant trend, be, then be recorded as start-up time of recombiner by stopping passing into rise time of 10 DEG C of hydrogen to catalytic plate surface temperature, and perform step (15); No, then continue the surface temperature change of monitoring catalytic plate;
(15) after stopping passes into hydrogen 30 ~ 35min, open the second solenoid valve, the 4th isolation valve and ebullator, the spray liquid prepared in advance is pumped, and be injected in experiment container with the flow being more than or equal to 2m3/h in spray liquid blending bin;
(16) after continuing spray more than 10min, stop spray, and continue monitoring and the density of hydrogen and the measuring point temperature that record the different sampling spot of passive hydrogen recombiner, until when stopping the duration after passing into hydrogen to meet or exceed 60min, stop monitoring and record.
Further, described step (2) comprises the following steps:
(2a) air of 0.5MPa is filled with to experiment container, and pressurize 30 ~ 35min;
(2b) utilize the pressure in first sensor test experience container, and judge that it is after pressurize 30 ~ 35min, whether pressure drop is less than or equal to 2kPa, is, then determine that experiment container sealing is good; No, then need to hunt leak to experiment container, and reseal experiment container, then circulation step (2a).
Again further, described step (5) comprises the following steps:
(5a) open the burning power supply in cable fire room, and be heated to more than 600 DEG C, realize the burning to cable;
(5b) after cable fire terminates, open the 5th reduction valve and the 7th isolation valve respectively, under the boosting of the air provided at the 3rd air-source, by the flow regulation to 190 of cable fire gaseous product ~ 200L/min, cable fire gaseous product is allowed to be passed in experiment container, and after 8 ~ 10min, close the 7th isolation valve, stop passing into cable fire gaseous product.
Design concept of the present invention is, in actual condition, during due to major accident occurring, first may produce what poison to non-active hydrogen recombiner is the gaseous product (containing CO etc.) spreading cable fire faster.Then be the reactor core fission product that rate of propagation is slower in atmosphere, comprise iodine vapor and other aerosols, and hydrogen is produced by the zirconium water decomposition in nuclear island, water vapour heats generation by the primary Ioops chilled water in nuclear island, the increase of hydrogen and water vapor concentration is all very slow, about need more than 10 hours, density of hydrogen just can reach 4%, water vapor concentration just can reach more than 60%, in containment, temperature rises mainly caused by steam heating, also needs a few hours just can reach maximum temperature 150 DEG C.And spray liquid needs by the time recombiner to start to disappear after hydrogen a period of time and just can spray, because spray liquid can refrigerating gas, make the water vapour condensation in containment, reduce water vapor concentration, thus hydrogen concentration is increased sharply, even exceed explosion limits.
Therefore, present inventor is after the environmental baseline that have studied above-mentioned major accident operating mode and entire flow thereof, devise corresponding system to simulate the test condition of major accident operating mode, thus the hydrogen performance that disappears of test passive hydrogen recombiner, that is: the experiment container sealing pressure maintaining performance of (1) test charging appliance recombiner; (2) in experiment container, pass into air and carry out purge; (3) in experiment container, cable fire gaseous product is passed into; (4) in experiment container, pass into the gasoloid containing iodine vapor, make the iodine vapor concentration in experiment container be more than or equal to 30mg/m
3, aerosol concentration is more than or equal to 50g/m
3; (5) in experiment container, pass into high-temperature water vapor and heating and thermal insulation, continue to pass into half an hour more than, make temperature in experiment container be more than or equal to 150 DEG C, pressure is more than or equal to 0.5MPa; (6) in experiment container, hydrogen is passed into, until the hydrogen concentration in container is 2% ~ 4%; (7) stop passing into hydrogen after 30 minutes, in experiment container, spray into the spray liquid mixed by water, boric acid and NaOH, and spray flow is more than or equal to 2m
3/ h, more than 10 minutes duration.According to above-mentioned testing procedure, by the temperature of diverse location in test experience container, pressure, the isoparametric change of hydrogen concentration, the performance of hydrogen safety equipment under major accident operating mode can be checked.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention is by after rational system architecture and experiment process design, fully taking into account safety, (experiment container is selected, pressurize is tested, container inner pressure controls, and gaseous tension, the monitoring of flow and adjustment) basis on, utilize spray system, gasoloid supply system, cable fire product supply system and the online supply system of water vapour, can be true, simulate the condition of nuclear plant severe accident operating mode all sidedly, and with this, real-time testing (density of hydrogen is carried out to the performance of passive hydrogen recombiner, temperature real-time measurement), the various property retention situation (startabilities of inspection passive hydrogen recombiner under nuclear plant severe accident operating mode, stablize reactivity worth, Repeatability, water resistance etc.).Because the operating mode of simulation is true, comprehensive, and be that " real-time online " test is carried out to passive hydrogen recombiner complete machine, its performance to pressure reacting container, to react and the consideration of the security such as sampling is that laboratory rank not reached, therefore, the present invention, can directly as research and design passive hydrogen recombiner and the normative reference of arranging in nuclear power station and foundation to the performance test results of recombiner closely actual condition.
(2) present invention employs online mode is passed in experiment container by water vapour, temperature in experiment container is made slowly to increase, this mode of water vapour that provides online is that other research of laboratory-scale cannot be accomplished, because high temperature mixing hydrogen or oxygen gas arranges end at steam generator and there is the risk revealed and explode, to online reaction test, there is great potential safety hazard, therefore a lot of laboratory can only be just passed into water vapour in advance before the reaction, but this was not both inconsistent with actual condition, the performance of passive hydrogen recombiner truly can not be reflected again.And the present invention is by rational structure and flow scheme design, can guaranteeing, under safe prerequisite, to simulate actual condition truly, thus well the actual performance of recombiner tested.
(3) experiment container in the present invention preferably adopts stainless steel material to make, and internal capacity is greater than 40m
3, thus not only volume is enough large, can provide hydrogen and air that flow is enough large, overall test is carried out to passive hydrogen recombiner, and stainless steel makes experiment container its anti-hydrogen embrittlement effect can be made better, not easily cause leakage or hydrogen quick-fried, effectively improve the security of whole experimental system.
(4) the present invention designs that rigorous, clear process understands, security is high, the accident conditions of simulation is true, comprehensive, therefore, the present invention is that the technical standard that the design of passive hydrogen recombiner can reach corresponding actual condition provides very valuable reference, it has complied with scientific and technological trend well, thus has very good application prospect and promotion prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system architecture schematic diagram of the present invention.
Wherein, the parts name that Reference numeral is corresponding is called:
1-experiment container, 2-data acquisition system (DAS), 3-gas exhaust duct, 4-sampling pipe, 5-first air-source, 6-first pipeline, 7-first reduction valve, the first-class gauge of 8-, 9-retaining valve, 10-first isolation valve, 11-first spark arrester, 12-lateral, 13-second isolation valve, 14-sources of hydrogen, 15-second pipe, 16-second reduction valve, 17-second gauge, 18-the 3rd reduction valve, 19-first solenoid valve, 20-second spark arrester, 21-the 3rd isolation valve, 22-the 4th reduction valve, the blending bin of 23-spray liquid, 24-the 4th pipeline, 25-ebullator, 26-second solenoid valve, 27-the 4th isolation valve, 28-spray head, 29-second air-source, 30-the 5th pipeline, 31-the 5th isolation valve, 32-aerosol generator, 33-the 6th isolation valve, 34-the 3rd air-source, 35-the 6th pipeline, 36-the 5th reduction valve, 37-cable fire room, 38-the 7th isolation valve, 39-second pressure transducer, 40-steam generator, 41-the 7th pipeline, 42-the 3rd pressure transducer, 43-the 8th isolation valve, 44-the 9th isolation valve, 45-passive hydrogen recombiner.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.Embodiments of the present invention include but not limited to the following example.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of experimental system can simulating Nuclear Safety shell major accident operating mode, to test the hydrogen performance that disappears of passive hydrogen recombiner, thus provide reference for the research of recombiner and design.In equipment, the present invention includes experiment container 1, data acquisition system (DAS) 2, air supply system, hydrogen supply system, spray system, gasoloid supply system, cable fire product supply system and the online supply system of water vapour.Described experiment container 1 is for loading passive hydrogen recombiner complete machine, which is provided with gas exhaust duct 3, be at least the sampling pipe 4 of four, and some safety-valves, be then provided with the first pressure transducer in this experiment container 1, for detecting the pressure of its inside.Described data acquisition system (DAS) 2 is for recording in experimentation, and data (temperature, concentration etc.) in experiment container 1, and analyzing, this data acquisition system (DAS) 2 is connected with experiment container 1 by multipoint thermocouple.Data acquisition system (DAS) 2 of the present invention and multipoint thermocouple are prior art, wherein, the data acquisition system (DAS) of the present embodiment adopts 5 piece of 16 circuit-switched data capture card to record data simultaneously, and then utilize fetch equipment derived data, then analyze, the multipoint thermocouple in the present embodiment then preferably adopts K type thermopair.
Described air supply system is used for passing into air to experiment container 1 inside, it comprises the first air-source 5 be connected with experiment container 1 by the first pipeline 6, and is successively set on the first reduction valve 7, first-class gauge 8, retaining valve 9, first isolation valve 10 and the first spark arrester 11 in the first pipeline 6; Described first reduction valve 7 is between the first air-source 5 and first-class gauge 8; Described first pipeline 6 is also provided with the lateral 12 be also communicated with experiment container 1, and is also provided with the second isolation valve 13 in this lateral 12.
Described hydrogen supply system is then for providing hydrogen to experiment container 1 inside, it comprises the sources of hydrogen 14 be connected with experiment container 1 by second pipe 15, and is successively set on the second reduction valve 16, second gauge 17, the 3rd reduction valve 18 first solenoid valve 19, second spark arrester 20 and the 3rd isolation valve 21 in second pipe 15; Described second reduction valve 16 is between sources of hydrogen 14 and second gauge 17; Described second pipe 15 is communicated with the first pipeline 6 by the 3rd pipeline, and is also provided with the 4th reduction valve 22 in the 3rd pipeline.
Described spray system is used for spraying into spray liquid in experiment container 1.Specifically, this spray system comprises the spray liquid blending bin 23 built with the spray liquid mixed by the boric acid of water, 2000 ~ 2200ppm and the NaOH of 0.4% ~ 0.6%, to be connected with this spray liquid blending bin 23 by the 4th pipeline 24 and to be placed in the spray head 28 in experiment container 1, and ebullator 25, second solenoid valve 26 be successively set in the 4th pipeline 24 and the 4th isolation valve 27; Described ebullator 25 is between spray liquid blending bin 23 and the second solenoid valve 26.
Described gasoloid supply system is used for passing into gasoloid in experiment container 1.Specifically, this gasoloid supply system comprises the second air-source 29 be communicated with the 4th pipeline 24 by the 5th pipeline 30, and is successively set on the 5th isolation valve 31, aerosol generator 32 and the 6th isolation valve 33 in the 5th pipeline 30; Described 5th isolation valve 31 is between the second air-source 29 and aerosol generator 32.
Described cable fire product supply system is used for passing into cable fire gaseous product in experiment container 1.This cable fire product supply system comprises the 3rd air-source 34 be connected with experiment container 1 by the 6th pipeline 35, be successively set on the 5th reduction valve 36 in the 6th pipeline 35, cable fire room 37 and the 7th isolation valve 38, and be arranged on the 6th pipeline 35 and the second pressure transducer 39 between the 7th isolation valve 38 and experiment container 1; Described 5th reduction valve 36 is between the 3rd air-source 34 and cable fire room 37.
The online supply system of described water vapour then for passing into water vapour in experiment container 1.The online supply system of this water vapour comprises the steam generator 40 be connected with experiment container 1 by the 7th pipeline 41, be successively set on the 8th isolation valve 43 in the 7th pipeline 41 and the 9th isolation valve 44, and be arranged on the 7th pipeline 41 and the 3rd pressure transducer 42 between steam generator 40 and the 8th isolation valve 43; Described first pipeline 6 by the 8th pipeline and the 7th pipeline communication, and is also provided with valve in the 8th pipeline.
For carrying out simulated experiment better, the technical parameter of more above-mentioned equipment is as follows respectively:
Experiment container
Material: stainless steel, anti-hydrogen embrittlement effect is better, not easily cause leakage or hydrogen quick-fried, security is higher; Volume: be greater than 40m
3, hydrogen and air that flow is enough large can be provided; Tolerance maximum temperature: 200 DEG C; Tolerance top pressure: 2MP.
First air-source: can provide and be more than or equal to 500m
3the air mass flow of/h.
Sources of hydrogen: the hydrogen flowing quantity being more than or equal to 400L/min can be provided.
Spray head: can 2m be realized
3the spray flow of/h.
Aerosol generator: external heating, and the gasoloid that can spray into about 2kg in 10 minutes in experiment container.
Cable fire room: can be more than heated sealed to 600 DEG C.
Steam generator: water loss is more than or equal to 500kg/h.
According to the said equipment structure, major accident operating mode (high temperature, high pressure, high humility, gasoloid, cable fire gaseous product, iodine vapor, spray liquid) is simulated to the present invention below and test the disappear implementation procedure of hydrogen performance of passive hydrogen recombiner and describe in detail.
First, passive hydrogen recombiner 45 complete machine is encased in experiment container 1, then multiple measuring points of multipoint thermocouple is fixed on each measuring position of this passive hydrogen recombiner 45, and connection data acquisition system 2.
For guaranteeing safety test, before on-test, in experiment container 1, be first filled with the air of 0.5MPa, then pressurize 30 ~ 35min, the sealing of test experiments container 1.In the process of pressurize test, the force value of the first pressure transducer real-time test experience container 1 inside in experiment container 1, at the end of pressurize, if the pressure in experiment container 1 changes, and pressure drop is less than or equal to 2kPa, then can think that this experiment container 1 has good sealing; Otherwise, then need to stop leakage in the roof reparation to experiment container 1, reseal experiment container 1.
After the sealing of test experience container 1, open gas exhaust duct 3 and the first reduction valve 7 respectively, utilize the first reduction valve 7 that the top hole pressure of the first air-source 5 is adjusted to 0.1 ~ 0.2MPa.Then open retaining valve 9 and the first isolation valve 10, and according to the flow that first-class gauge 8 shows, utilize the first isolation valve 10 by both air flow modulation to the 700 ~ 750m for being passed in experiment container 1
3/ h, utilizes the air entered to experiment container 1 more than purge 10min.Then close the respective valves of air inlet, until when the pressure in experiment container 1 is slightly larger than 0.1MPa (0.1MPa ~ 0.15MPa), close gas exhaust duct 3.
Then, open the burning power supply in the 5th reduction valve 36 and cable fire room 37 respectively, and to set heating-up temperature be 600 DEG C, then after the top hole pressure regulating the 3rd air-source 34, be passed in cable fire room 37, realize the burning to cable.After cable fire terminates, open the 7th isolation valve 38, regulate flow to the 190 ~ 200L/min of cable fire gaseous product, Stress control is at 0.1 ~ 0.2MPa, cable fire gaseous product is allowed to be passed in experiment container 1, after about 8 ~ 10min, close the 7th isolation valve 38, stop passing into cable fire gaseous product.
And then, in aerosol generator 32, the iodine of 1.0 ~ 1.2g and the solid BaSO of 2000 ~ 2500g is added
4powder (the BaSO of more than 2000g
440m can be guaranteed preferably
3and above container density reaches 50g/m
3) mixing, then heat potpourri, the temperature of setting heating is 100 DEG C.After heating about 30 ~ 35min, temperature reaches more than 600 DEG C, and the gasoloid obtained containing iodine vapor, then the 5th isolation valve 31 and the 6th isolation valve 33 is opened successively, utilize the air that the second air-source 29 provides, promote gasoloid to continue to be passed in experiment container 1, make gasoloid continue to be passed in experiment container 1, treat that the iodine vapor concentration in this experiment container 1 is more than or equal to 30mg/m
3, aerosol concentration is more than or equal to 50g/m
3time, close the 6th isolation valve 33, stop heating simultaneously.
Regulate output pressure value to the 0.5 ~ 0.6MPa of steam generator 40, then open the 8th isolation valve 43 and the 9th isolation valve 44 successively, water vapour is continued be passed in experiment container 1.After the pressure in experiment container 1 reaches 0.55 ~ 0.6MPa, regulate the pressure-regulating valve in steam generator 40 exit, make the pressure stability in experiment container 1 0.55 ~ 0.6MPa (realizing by pressure maintaining valve), and continue to pass into more than 30min, make temperature in experiment container be more than or equal to 150 DEG C, pressure is more than or equal to 0.5MPa.
Open the second reduction valve 16 and the 3rd reduction valve 18 successively, utilize the second reduction valve 16 and the 3rd reduction valve 18 that the top hole pressure of sources of hydrogen 14 is adjusted to more than 0.5MPa, the while of regulating the stable output that can realize hydrogen by different level, can testing requirements be met.After regulating the pressure of hydrogen, open the first solenoid valve 19 and the 3rd isolation valve 21 more successively, according to the flow that second gauge 17 shows, the 3rd isolation valve 19 is utilized to be adjusted to about 400L/min by for the hydrogen flowing quantity be passed in experiment container 1, then the change (detecting by Hydrogen Concentration Detector) of different sampling spot density of hydrogen in monitoring experiment container 1, and the temperature variation of different measuring points in experiment container 1.
Continue above-mentioned situation, after about 8 ~ 17min, close respective valves, stop passing into hydrogen, the average hydrogen concentration now in experiment container 1 can reach about 2% ~ 4%.
Then, utilize the data of data acquisition system, observe the surface temperature of passive hydrogen recombiner 45 catalytic plate, if find, temperature has obvious ascendant trend, then start h start-up time recording recombiner, this start-up time, the start of record of h was the time that hydrogen stops when passing into, and the end of record time is that catalytic plate surface temperature rises time of 10 DEG C.
After stopping passes into hydrogen 30 ~ 35min, start spray system.Open the second solenoid valve 26 and the 4th isolation valve 27, then by ebullator 25, the spray liquid prepared in spray liquid blending bin 23 in advance (i.e. the aqueous solution of the boric acid of water, 2000 ~ 2200ppm and the NaOH mixing of 0.4% ~ 0.6%) is pumped, and by spray head 28 to be more than or equal to 2m
3the flow of/h is injected in experiment container 1.The pressure observed in spray process in experiment container 1 changes and the density of hydrogen of each sampling spot changes, and reaches after more than 10min until spray time, stops spray.
After stopping spray, continue to observe and the density of hydrogen change of different sampling spot in record experiment container 1, and the temperature variation of different measuring points in experiment container 1.Pass into after hydrogen is about 60min in stopping, stopping observing and record, and terminate test.
According to above-mentioned test recorded data, below the hydrogen performance that disappears of passive hydrogen recombiner under major accident operating mode is analyzed.
Hypothetical record to the average hydrogen concentration of each sampling spot be C
h', and initially to pass into density of hydrogen in container be C
h, then the hydrogen efficiency η that disappears after test can adopt following formulae discovery:
η＝(1-C
H’/C
H)×100％；
According to above-mentioned result of calculation, if h≤30min start-up time of recombiner model machine, disappear hydrogen efficiency η >=60%, then think that recombiner hydraulic performance decline under simulation major accident operating mode is few, still can normally work.
The present invention, by rational structure and flow scheme design, can simulate nuclear plant severe accident operating mode, and tests with this performance to passive hydrogen recombiner.In addition, if after system architecture of the present invention changes a little, in the development that equally also can be used in other nuclear power hydrogen safety equipment and Performance Detection.As can be seen here, the present invention can well for the hydrogen performance that disappears of passive hydrogen recombiner provides test evaluation accurately, and then provides meaning, valuable reference for the research of recombiner and design can reach corresponding technical standard.Therefore, compared with prior art, technical progress is fairly obvious in the present invention, has outstanding substantive distinguishing features and significant progress.
Above-described embodiment is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; be not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention; in every case design concept of the present invention being adopted, and the change carried out non-creativeness work on this basis and make, all should belong within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. simulate the experimental system of Nuclear Safety shell major accident operating mode, comprise the experiment container (1) for loading passive hydrogen recombiner complete machine, be arranged in experiment container (1), for the first pressure transducer of test experience container internal pressure, and data acquisition system (DAS) (2), it is characterized in that, also comprise the gas exhaust duct (3) be all connected with experiment container (1), air supply system, hydrogen supply system, spray system, gasoloid supply system, cable fire product supply system, the online supply system of water vapour and be at least the sampling pipe (4) of four, described experiment container (1) is connected with data acquisition system (DAS) (2) by multipoint thermocouple, described gasoloid supply system is connected with spray system.
2. the experimental system of simulation Nuclear Safety shell major accident operating mode according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described experiment container (1) is made up of stainless steel, and internal capacity is greater than 40m
3; Described air supply system comprises the first air-source (5) be connected with experiment container (1) by the first pipeline (6), and is successively set on the first reduction valve (7) in the first pipeline (6), first-class gauge (8), retaining valve (9), the first isolation valve (10) and the first spark arrester (11); Described first reduction valve (7) is positioned between the first air-source (5) and first-class gauge (8).
3. the experimental system of simulation Nuclear Safety shell major accident operating mode according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described hydrogen supply system comprises the sources of hydrogen (14) be connected with experiment container (1) by second pipe (15), and is successively set on the second reduction valve (16), second gauge (17), the 3rd reduction valve (18) first solenoid valve (19), the second spark arrester (20) and the 3rd isolation valve (21) in second pipe (15); Described second reduction valve (16) is positioned between sources of hydrogen (14) and second gauge (17).
4. the experimental system of simulation Nuclear Safety shell major accident operating mode according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described spray system comprises built with by water, the spray liquid blending bin (23) of the spray liquid that the boric acid of 2000 ~ 2200ppm and the NaOH of 0.4% ~ 0.6% mix, to be connected with this spray liquid blending bin (23) by the 4th pipeline (24) and to be placed in the spray head (28) in experiment container (1), and the ebullator (25) be successively set in the 4th pipeline (24), second solenoid valve (26) and the 4th isolation valve (27), described ebullator (25) is positioned between spray liquid blending bin (23) and the second solenoid valve (26), described 4th pipeline (24) is connected with gasoloid supply system.
5. the experimental system of simulation Nuclear Safety shell major accident operating mode according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described gasoloid supply system comprises the second air-source (29) be communicated with the 4th pipeline (24) by the 5th pipeline (30), and is successively set on the 5th isolation valve (31), aerosol generator (32) and the 6th isolation valve (33) in the 5th pipeline (30); Described 5th isolation valve (31) is positioned between the second air-source (29) and aerosol generator (32).
6. the experimental system of simulation Nuclear Safety shell major accident operating mode according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described cable fire product supply system comprises the 3rd air-source (34) be connected with experiment container (1) by the 6th pipeline (35), be successively set on the 5th reduction valve (36) in the 6th pipeline (35), cable fire room (37) and the 7th isolation valve (38), and be arranged on the 6th pipeline (35) and go up and be positioned at the second pressure transducer (39) between the 7th isolation valve (38) and experiment container (1), described 5th reduction valve (36) is positioned between the 3rd air-source (34) and cable fire room (37).
7. the experimental system of simulation Nuclear Safety shell major accident operating mode according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the online supply system of described water vapour comprises the steam generator (40) be connected with experiment container (1) by the 7th pipeline (41), be successively set on the 8th isolation valve (43) in the 7th pipeline (41) and the 9th isolation valve (44), and be arranged on the 7th pipeline (41) and go up and be positioned at the 3rd pressure transducer (42) between steam generator (40) and the 8th isolation valve (43).
8. simulate the implementation method of the experimental system of Nuclear Safety shell major accident operating mode, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) passive hydrogen recombiner is placed in experiment container, and the measuring point of multipoint thermocouple one end is fixed on each measuring position of passive hydrogen recombiner, other end connection data acquisition system;
(2) pressurize test is carried out to experiment container;
(3) after pressurize test passes, open gas exhaust duct and the first reduction valve respectively, utilize the first reduction valve that the top hole pressure of the first air-source is adjusted to 0.1 ~ 0.2MPa, then retaining valve and the first isolation valve is opened, according to the flow that first-class gauge shows, utilize the first isolation valve by both air flow modulation to the 700 ~ 750m for being passed in experiment container
3/ h, utilize the air entered to carry out purge to experiment container, flushing times is more than 10min;
(4) the first isolation valve, retaining valve and the first reduction valve is closed successively, until close gas exhaust duct when the pressure that the first pressure transducer in experiment container shows is 0.1 ~ 0.15MPa;
(5) cable fire product supply system is utilized to pass into cable fire gaseous product in experiment container;
(6) the solid BaSO4 powder of the iodine and 2000 ~ 2500g that add 1.0 ~ 1.2g in aerosol generator is mixed to form potpourri, and heats this potpourri;
(7) to after potpourri heating 30 ~ 35min, obtain the gasoloid containing iodine vapor, open the 5th isolation valve and the 6th isolation valve successively, utilize the air push gasoloid of the second air-source to continue to be passed in experiment container, treat that the iodine vapor concentration in this experiment container is more than or equal to 30mg/m
3, aerosol concentration is more than or equal to 50g/m
3time, close the 6th isolation valve, stop heating simultaneously;
(8) regulate output pressure to the 0.5 ~ 0.6MPa of steam generator, and open the 8th isolation valve and the 9th isolation valve successively, water vapour is continued to be passed in experiment container;
(9) after the pressure in experiment container reaches 0.55 ~ 0.6MPa, continue the pressure regulating steam generator exit, make pressure stability in experiment container at 0.55 ~ 0.6MPa, and continue to pass into more than water vapour 30min, make temperature in experiment container be more than or equal to 150 DEG C, pressure is more than or equal to 0.5MPa;
(10) open the second reduction valve and the 3rd reduction valve successively, utilize the second reduction valve and the 3rd reduction valve by different level the top hole pressure of sources of hydrogen to be adjusted to more than 0.5MPa;
(11) open the first solenoid valve and the 3rd isolation valve successively, according to the flow of second gauge display, utilize the 3rd isolation valve to be adjusted to more than 400L/min by for the hydrogen flowing quantity be passed in experiment container;
(12) open gross sample pipeline, observe the situation of change of different sampling spot density of hydrogen, meanwhile, the data gathered by multipoint thermocouple, utilize the temperature variation of different measuring points in data acquisition system (DAS) monitoring experiment container;
(13) continue to perform step (12), until after duration reaches 8 ~ 17min, stop passing into hydrogen, now, in experiment container, the mean concentration of hydrogen is 2% ~ 4%;
(14) by data that multipoint thermocouple gathers, data acquisition system (DAS) is utilized to monitor the surface temperature of passive hydrogen recombiner catalytic plate, and judge whether the surface temperature of this catalytic plate has obvious ascendant trend, be, then be recorded as start-up time of recombiner by stopping passing into rise time of 10 DEG C of hydrogen to catalytic plate surface temperature, and perform step (15); No, then continue the surface temperature change of monitoring catalytic plate;
(15) after stopping passes into hydrogen 30 ~ 35min, open the second solenoid valve, the 4th isolation valve and ebullator, the spray liquid prepared in spray liquid blending bin is in advance pumped, and to be more than or equal to 2m
3the flow of/h is injected in experiment container;
(16) after continuing spray more than 10min, stop spray, and continue monitoring and the density of hydrogen and the measuring point temperature that record the different sampling spot of passive hydrogen recombiner, until when stopping the duration after passing into hydrogen to meet or exceed 60min, stop monitoring and record.
9. the implementation method of the experimental system of simulation Nuclear Safety shell major accident operating mode according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described step (2) comprises the following steps:
(2a) air of 0.5MPa is filled with to experiment container, and pressurize 30 ~ 35min;
(2b) utilize the pressure in first sensor test experience container, and judge that it is after pressurize 30 ~ 35min, whether pressure drop is less than or equal to 2kPa, is, then determine that experiment container sealing is good; No, then need to hunt leak to experiment container, and reseal experiment container, then circulation step (2a).
10. the implementation method of the experimental system of simulation Nuclear Safety shell major accident operating mode according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described step (5) comprises the following steps:
(5a) open the burning power supply in cable fire room, and be heated to more than 600 DEG C, realize the burning to cable;
(5b) after cable fire terminates, open the 5th reduction valve and the 7th isolation valve respectively, under the boosting of the air provided at the 3rd air-source, by the flow regulation to 190 of cable fire gaseous product ~ 200L/min, cable fire gaseous product is allowed to be passed in experiment container, and after 8 ~ 10min, close the 7th isolation valve, stop passing into cable fire gaseous product.
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| CN113188598B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2023-11-17 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Experimental system for researching retention characteristics of radioactive substances in steam generator |
| CN114414277A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-04-29 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 | Immersion test system device and test method |
| CN114414277B (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2023-11-24 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 | Immersion test system device and test method |
| CN114993893A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-09-02 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Experimental device for researching aerosol behavior in containment |
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| CN104392753B (en) | 2016-12-07 |
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