CN104392577B - A kind of aerosol particle diameter method for sensing based on dual wavelength scattered signal - Google Patents
A kind of aerosol particle diameter method for sensing based on dual wavelength scattered signal Download PDFInfo
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- CN104392577B CN104392577B CN201410748629.4A CN201410748629A CN104392577B CN 104392577 B CN104392577 B CN 104392577B CN 201410748629 A CN201410748629 A CN 201410748629A CN 104392577 B CN104392577 B CN 104392577B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
- G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means, e.g. by light scattering, diffraction, holography or imaging
- G01N15/0211—Investigating a scatter or diffraction pattern
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of aerosol particle diameter method for sensing based on dual wavelength scattered signal, also relate to the method application in fire hazard aerosol fog detects, belong to fire protection warning technical field.The method includes receiving aerosol with blue light scattered light powerP BL With infrared light scattering luminous powerP IR After the corresponding scattered signal of reflection, calculate blue light and infrared light scattering power ratioR；According to blue light and infrared light scattering power ratioRWith aerosol median particle diameterd med Relation determine median particle diameterd med ；By blue light scattered light powerP BL With infrared light scattering luminous powerP IR With set corresponding thresholdingP BLth 、P IRth Compare, send corresponding interference cue or corresponding fire alarm signal.After using the present invention, it can be determined that and send fire kind alarm signal, in order to take rational approach targetedly, avoid non-fire aerosol to cause false alarm simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aerocolloidal detection method for sensing, a kind of aerosol particle diameter method for sensing based on dual wavelength scattered signal, also relate to the method application in fire hazard aerosol fog detects, belong to fire protection warning technical field.
Background technology
Smog fire detection technology based on aerosol light scattering principle has been applied widely since the seventies in last century comes out, but prior art can not the size of perception aerosol particle diameter, cannot be distinguished by fire hazard aerosol fog and dust, steam, therefore false alarm becomes the greatest problem of detection effectiveness.
Generally, the aerocolloidal particle diameter of fire that substance combustion produces is more than 1 μm less than 1 μm, the non-fire aerosol particle diameter such as steam, dust.
The patent of Patent No. 200410031104.5 and 201180039383.8 all discloses employing particulate and two kinds of different wave length scattered light signals is distinguished the method more than or less than 1 μm particle, to reducing fire hazard aerosol fog alarm false alarm.
But, above existing method is only capable of judging that aerocolloidal particle diameter, whether more than or less than 1 μm boundary, is unable to " perception " and goes out its concrete particle diameter, therefore, it is difficult to judge that the character of fire is to take effective specific aim measure according to aerocolloidal characteristic by detection.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: the deficiency existed for above-mentioned technology, a kind of aerosol particle diameter method for sensing based on dual wavelength scattered signal is proposed, and then according to the different types of fire of particle size values identification and steam, dust interference, and alert with corresponding alarm signal, make corresponding prompting, in order to take rational approach targetedly.
Aerosol particle diameter has different measures, and median particle diameter is not only one of method of tolerance aerosol particle diameter, but also can reflect the distribution situation of particle diameter to a certain extent.Owing to the distributed number of the aerosol particle diameter of substance combustion generation can describe with logarithm normal distribution function substantially, thus this distribution can be with median particle diameter and standard deviation the two parameter characterization.The particle diameter distribution standard deviation of general comburant is about between 1.6-1.9, and change is little, and therefore median particle diameter can serve as determining the principal character that particle diameter is distributed.
Applicant is found by research, when the standard deviation of aerosol particle diameter obedience logarithm normal distribution and distribution is in the range of 1.6-1.9, the particle light scattering power ratio to two kinds of wavelength that (usually requires that the angle between luminescent device and light receiving device part optical axial is more than 15 degree) on certain scattering angle, the most corresponding with aerosol median particle diameter, therefore deduce that aerosol median particle diameter numerical value, and in this, as the aerosol median particle diameter output signal of sensor.Simultaneously as aerosol concentration is the most corresponding with scattered light power, therefore using the scattered light power of two wavelength as the aerosol concentration output signal of sensor.
The present invention realizes aerosol particle diameter method for sensing based on dual wavelength scattered signal according to the following steps:
The first step, receive aerosol with blue light scattered light power PBLWith infrared light scattering luminous power PIRAfter the corresponding scattered signal of reflection, it is calculated as follows blue light and infrared light scattering power ratio R:
P in formulaBLFor blue light scattered light power, PIRFor infrared light scattering luminous power；
Second step, according to blue light and infrared light scattering power ratio R and aerosol median particle diameter dmedRelation determine median particle diameter dmed；
3rd step, by blue light scattered light power PBLWith infrared light scattering luminous power PIRWith set corresponding thresholding PBLth、PIRthCompare:
When blue light scattered light power PBL, infrared light scattering luminous power PIRRespectively lower than each self-corresponding predetermined threshold PBLth、PIRthWhen entering, return the first step；
When at least blue light scattered light power PBL, infrared light scattering luminous power PIROne of higher than the predetermined threshold P of its correspondenceBLth、PIRthTime, it is judged that median particle diameter dmedWhether more than cut off value d setmedth；In this way, then send and disturb cue accordingly；As no, then send corresponding fire alarm signal.
More specifically, in described 3rd step, send corresponding interference cue and include only infrared light scattering luminous power PIRMore than its predetermined threshold PIRth, then big particle dust or steam interference are prompted for；Blue light scattered light power PBLWith infrared light scattering luminous power PIRIt is respectively greater than the predetermined threshold P of its correspondenceBLth、PIRth, then big particle dust or the steam interference of high concentration are prompted for.
Further, in described 3rd step, send corresponding fire alarm signal and include blue light scattered light power PBLWith infrared light scattering luminous power PIRIt is respectively greater than corresponding predetermined threshold PBLth、PIRth, then the fire hazard aerosol fog aerosol for high concentration of reporting to the police；Only blue light scattered light power PBLMore than corresponding predetermined threshold PBLth, and median particle diameter dmedDistinguish the boundary value of fire hazard aerosol fog size less than one, then report to the police as relatively small particle fire hazard aerosol fog aerosol；Only infrared light scattering luminous power PIRMore than corresponding predetermined threshold PIRth, and median particle diameter is between the boundary value of described differentiation fire hazard aerosol fog size and dmedthBetween, then the fire hazard aerosol fog aerosol for greater particle size of reporting to the police.
After using the present invention, owing to judging the size of aerosol particle diameter not only by aerosol median particle diameter, thus identify in time and whether there occurs fire, the most correctly send fire alarm signal or point out non-fire to disturb；And detected aerocolloidal median particle diameter numerical value can be obtained by the functional relationship of the ratio of the scattered light power of two kinds of wavelength Yu aerosol median particle diameter, thus judge and send fire kind alarm signal, in order to taking rational approach targetedly.
Generally using aerosol median particle diameter 1 micron as fire hazard aerosol fog and dust, the demarcation line of steam, owing to use occasion is different, this demarcation line can change at 0.8-1.1 micron or wider range.Owing to the light scattering power of small particle particle is less, the sensor harmony to different-grain diameter aerosol sensitivity therefore will certainly be had influence on.
It is, after described second step, also to judge that median particle diameter is whether less than 150nm (actual judge whether in 50-150nm interval) to this end, the present invention further improves；As no, the most directly carry out the 3rd step, in this way, then blue light scattered light power P reception obtainedBLWith infrared light scattering luminous power PIRIt is multiplied by weight coefficient 150nm/d respectivelymed, then carry out the 3rd step.So, can process by scattered light power signal is made weight factor by corresponding median particle diameter numerical value, suitably promote the scattered light power signal of small particles, to overcome the lower-powered shortcoming of small particles scattered light, the concordance that aerosol concentration is responded by equilibrium sensor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is that the system of one embodiment of the invention constitutes schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the graph of relation according to the blue light that particle Mie scattering formula calculated aerosol particle diameter is logarithm normal distribution and infrared light scattering power ratio and median particle diameter.
Aerocolloidal normalization particle diameter distribution when Fig. 3 glows for a kind of copy paper: blue light (wavelength 470nm) scattered light power obtains under angle of scattering 120 °, infrared light (wavelength 950nm) scattered light power obtains under angle of scattering 30 °, and its abscissa line is given by logarithmic form in units of particle diameter nm.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of one embodiment of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one
The present embodiment aerosol based on dual wavelength scattered signal particle diameter method for sensing is applied in the fire hazard aerosol fog detection system shown in Fig. 1, this system contains blue light and the discharger 1 of two wavelength of infrared light, 2, and the reception device 3 of blue light and infrared light scattering luminous power, the signal receiving device 3 is transported to electronic signal process and control unit 4, (its typical case's composition may refer to Application No. 200810084923.4 to have the control and treatment circuit containing CPU in this electronic signal process and control unit 4, the prior art data such as the Chinese patent of entitled " fire detector "), this control and treatment circuit exports result of detection to the copy paper aerosol shown in Fig. 3 afterwards by following steps (seeing Fig. 4), realize aerosol particle diameter based on dual wavelength scattered signal to sense:
The first step, receive with blue light scattered light power PBLWith infrared light scattering luminous power PIRAfter the corresponding scattered signal of reflection, it is calculated as follows blue light and infrared light scattering power ratio R:
P in formulaBLFor blue light scattered light power, PIRFor infrared light scattering luminous power, generally expressing with its corresponding signal of telecommunication, unit is V, the blue light scattered light power P that the present embodiment receivesBLFor 4.1V, infrared light scattering luminous power PIRFor 1.1V, then blue light and infrared light scattering power ratio R are calculated to be 3.7 by above formula.
Second step, according to blue light and infrared light scattering power ratio R and median particle diameter dmedRelation determine median particle diameter dmed
null(Pual A.Baron is referred to by aerosol optical Mie scattering formula,Klaus Willeke,Aerosol Measurement:Principle,Techniques,and Applications,Second Edition,ISBN 978-7-5025-9476-3,15th chapter，Page 427，Formula (15-17) or Chinese translation " gasoloid: principle、Technology and the application second edition " [beautiful] balun etc. writes，Bai Zhipeng etc. translate，Beijing: Interpharm Press，2007，ISBN 0-471-78492-3 the 15th chapter、Page 290 page 294)，In a certain angle of scattering, in given receiving aperture, detected aerocolloidal scattered light power P n is
Wherein
CnFor aerocolloidal mass concentration；F (d) is particle size distribution function；Pλ(d, λ m) are single particle Mie scattering light intensity.Owing to f (d) is generally logarithm normal distribution, available median particle diameter dmedExpressing with standard deviation, and standard deviation is generally 1.6-1.9, therefore f (d) can approximate and regard as dmedFunction.λ is lambda1-wavelength, is blue light wavelength or infrared light wavelength here.M is particle refractive index.By scattered light power P in formula (1)nIt is proportional to mass particle concentration CnIt can be seen that blue light scattered light power PBLWith infrared light scattering luminous power PIRProportional with aerosol concentration.
For specific embodiment, angle of scattering, receiving aperture and blue light, infrared light wavelength all determine that, and in the aerosol of same mass concentration and refractive index, mass concentration C of particlenIdentical, therefore the ratio R of blue light and infrared light scattering power can be reduced to:
Wherein λBLAnd λIRIt is blue light and infrared light wavelength respectively.
Obviously formula (2) is blue light and infrared light scattering power ratio R and median particle diameter dmedFunction, the curve form statement of available Fig. 2.For the present embodiment, blue light scattering angle 120 degree, when infrared light scattering angle is 30 degree, from the R drawn according to formula (2) and median particle diameter dmedRelation curve in be not difficult to learn, as R=3.7, median particle diameter is about 300nm.
As for judging whether median particle diameter is less than 150nm, the result of the present embodiment is obviously no, and the most directly carrying out the 3rd step (if judged result is yes, then needs blue light scattered light power P reception obtainedBLWith infrared light scattering luminous power PIRIt is multiplied by weight coefficient 150nm/d respectivelymed, then carry out the 3rd step).
3rd step, by blue light scattered light power PBLWith infrared light scattering luminous power PIRWith set corresponding thresholding PBLth、PIRthCompare, various possible situations processed as follows respectively:
(1) when blue light scattered light power PBL, infrared light scattering luminous power PIRRespectively lower than each self-corresponding predetermined threshold PBLth、PIRthWhen entering, return the first step.
(2) when at least blue light scattered light power PBL, infrared light scattering luminous power PIROne of higher than the predetermined threshold P of its correspondenceBLth、PIRthTime, it is judged that median particle diameter dmedWhether more than cut off value d setmedth, the present embodiment be set as 1 μm (usually 0.8 to 1.1 μm, can according to use environment take the circumstances into consideration set):
In this way, then send and disturb cue accordingly, including only infrared light scattering luminous power PIRMore than its predetermined threshold PIRth, then it is big particle dust or steam interference；Blue light scattered light power PBLWith infrared light scattering luminous power PIRIt is respectively greater than the predetermined threshold P of its correspondenceBLth、PIRth, then it is big particle dust or the steam interference of high concentration；
As no, then send corresponding fire alarm signal, including blue light scattered light power PBLWith infrared light scattering luminous power PIRIt is respectively greater than corresponding predetermined threshold PBLth、PIRth, then it is the fire hazard aerosol fog aerosol of high concentration；Only blue light scattered light power PBLMore than corresponding predetermined threshold PBLth, and median particle diameter dmedDistinguish the boundary value of fire hazard aerosol fog size less than one, the present embodiment is 0.5 μm, then be relatively small particle fire hazard aerosol fog aerosol；Only infrared light scattering luminous power PIRMore than corresponding predetermined threshold PIRth, and median particle diameter is between 0.5 μm and dmedthBetween, then it is the fire hazard aerosol fog aerosol of greater particle size.
The predetermined threshold P of the present embodimentBLth、PIRthIt is respectively PBLth=4V, PIRth=2.5V, due to blue light scattered light power PBL=4.1V is more than corresponding predetermined threshold PBLthWith infrared light scattering luminous power PIR=1.1V is less than corresponding predetermined threshold PIRth ,And median particle diameter dmed=300nm is less than the d setmedth=500nm, therefore final output is small particle fire hazard aerosol fog aerosol.
The ultraviolet that blue light can use wavelength to be 280-490nm to blue light source, the light source that infrared light can use wavelength to be 830-1050nm.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.For example, it is also possible to use the inverse of R, i.e.Judge aerosol median particle diameter dmed。
For another example, the ratio that blue light scattered light power i.e. changes in different periods difference is used in different periods difference and infrared light scattering luminous power, it is thus achieved that aerosol median particle diameter.Two periods in the presence of wherein different periods can select in the presence of without fire hazard aerosol fog aerosol and have fire hazard aerosol fog aerosol.Such as, blue light scattered light power is P in the presence of without fire hazard aerosol fog aerosolBL0, infrared light scattering luminous power is PIR0, having blue light scattered light power in the presence of fire hazard aerosol fog aerosol is PBL, having infrared light scattering luminous power in the presence of fire hazard aerosol fog aerosol is PIR, then use:Judge aerosol median particle diameter dmed。
The technical scheme that all employing equivalents or equivalent transformation are formed, all falls within the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (7)
1. an aerosol particle diameter method for sensing based on dual wavelength scattered signal, it is characterized in that tested aerosol particle diameter obeys standard deviation is the logarithm normal distribution of 1.6-1.9, when scattering angle meets the condition more than 15 degree of the angle between luminescent device and light receiving device part optical axial, comprise the following steps:
The first step, receive aerosol with blue light scattered light power PBLWith infrared light scattering luminous power PIRAfter the corresponding scattered signal of reflection, it is calculated as follows blue light and infrared light scattering power ratio R:
P in formulaBLFor blue light scattered light power, PIRFor infrared light scattering luminous power；
Second step, according to blue light and infrared light scattering power ratio R and aerosol median particle diameter dmedRelation determine median particle diameter dmed；
3rd step, by blue light scattered light power PBLWith infrared light scattering luminous power PIRWith set corresponding thresholding PBLth、PIRthCompare:
When blue light scattered light power PBL, infrared light scattering luminous power PIRRespectively lower than each self-corresponding predetermined threshold PBLth、PIRthTime, return the first step；
When at least blue light scattered light power PBL, infrared light scattering luminous power PIROne of higher than the predetermined threshold P of its correspondenceBLth、PIRthTime, it is judged that median particle diameter dmedWhether more than cut off value d setmedth；In this way, then send and disturb cue accordingly；As no, then send corresponding fire alarm signal.
Aerosol particle diameter method for sensing based on dual wavelength scattered signal the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described 3rd step, send corresponding interference cue and include only infrared light scattering luminous power PIRMore than its predetermined threshold PIRth, then big particle dust or steam interference are prompted for；Blue light scattered light power PBLWith infrared light scattering luminous power PIRIt is respectively greater than the predetermined threshold P of its correspondenceBLth、PIRth, then big particle dust or the steam interference of high concentration are prompted for.
Aerosol particle diameter method for sensing based on dual wavelength scattered signal the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in described 3rd step, send corresponding fire alarm signal and include blue light scattered light power PBLWith infrared light scattering luminous power PIRIt is respectively greater than corresponding predetermined threshold PBLth、PIRth, then the fire hazard aerosol fog aerosol for high concentration of reporting to the police；Only blue light scattered light power PBLMore than corresponding predetermined threshold PBLth, and median particle diameter dmedDistinguish the boundary value of fire hazard aerosol fog size less than one, then report to the police as relatively small particle fire hazard aerosol fog aerosol；Only infrared light scattering luminous power PIRMore than corresponding predetermined threshold PIRth, and median particle diameter is between the boundary value of described differentiation fire hazard aerosol fog size and dmedthBetween, then the fire hazard aerosol fog aerosol for greater particle size of reporting to the police.
Aerosol particle diameter method for sensing based on dual wavelength scattered signal the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: after described second step, also judge that whether median particle diameter is less than 150nm；As no, the most directly carry out the 3rd step；In this way, then the blue light scattered light power P that will receiveBLWith infrared light scattering luminous power PIRIt is multiplied by weight coefficient 150nm/d respectivelymed, then carry out the 3rd step.
Aerosol particle diameter method for sensing based on dual wavelength scattered signal the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the ultraviolet that described blue light uses wavelength to be 280-490nm to blue light source, described infrared light uses wavelength to be the light source of 830-1050nm.
6. an aerosol particle diameter method for sensing based on dual wavelength scattered signal, it is characterized in that tested aerosol particle diameter obeys standard deviation is the logarithm normal distribution of 1.6-1.9, when scattering angle meets the condition more than 15 degree of the angle between luminescent device and light receiving device part optical axial, comprise the following steps:
The first step, receive the corresponding scattered signal that aerosol reflects with different periods blue light scattered light power and infrared light scattering luminous power after, be calculated as follows blue light and infrared light scattering power ratio R:
P in formulaBLAnd PBLOIt is respectively the first and second period blue light scattered light power, PIRAnd PIROIt is respectively the first and second period infrared light scattering luminous powers；
Second step, according to blue light and infrared light scattering power ratio R and aerosol median particle diameter dmedRelation determine median particle diameter dmed；
3rd step, by the blue light scattered light power of corresponding period and infrared light scattering luminous power and set corresponding thresholding PBLth、PIRthCompare:
When the corresponding blue light scattered light power of period, infrared light scattering luminous power are respectively lower than each self-corresponding predetermined threshold PBLth、PIRthTime, return the first step；
When at least corresponding one of the blue light scattered light power of period, infrared light scattering luminous power are higher than the predetermined threshold P of its correspondenceBLth、PIRthTime, it is judged that median particle diameter dmedWhether more than cut off value d setmedth；In this way, then send and disturb cue accordingly；As no, then send corresponding fire alarm signal.
Aerosol particle diameter method for sensing based on dual wavelength scattered signal the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described first period, described second period was for the presence of the fire hazard aerosol fog aerosol period in order there is the period without fire hazard aerosol fog aerosol.
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