CN113670786B - A dual-wavelength fire smoke detection system and method based on lock-in amplification - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于锁相放大的双波长火灾烟雾探测系统及方法，该系统包括：控制处理模块、信号发生模块、光源模块、散射模块滤波放大模块和数据采集模块，该方法步骤包括，S1：设定输出两个信号的波形和频率，发出不同波长频率的照射光；S2：对照射光进行烟雾散射后进行光电转化，S3：对电信号进行滤波放大得到最终信号；S4：读取最终信号提取出设定频率的信号值；S5：根据两个波长的光所对应的信号值，得到烟雾中火灾烟雾的信号值；本发明通过设定特定频率的照射光，经过散射后将特定的高频率光提取出来，排除了环境杂光对烟雾探测干扰，提高了准确性。
The invention discloses a dual-wavelength fire smoke detection system and method based on lock-in amplification. The system includes: a control processing module, a signal generation module, a light source module, a scattering module, a filter amplifying module and a data acquisition module. The method steps include: S1: Set the waveform and frequency of the two output signals, and emit irradiating light with different wavelengths and frequencies; S2: Perform photoelectric conversion after the irradiated light is scattered by smoke, S3: Filter and amplify the electrical signal to obtain the final signal; S4: Read The signal value of the set frequency is extracted from the final signal; S5: according to the signal value corresponding to the light of the two wavelengths, the signal value of the fire smoke in the smoke is obtained; the present invention sets the irradiated light of a specific frequency, and after scattering, the specific frequency is scattered. The high-frequency light is extracted, which eliminates the interference of ambient stray light on smoke detection and improves the accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire detection, in particular to a dual-wavelength fire smoke detection system and method based on phase-locked amplification.
Background
At present, the traditional fire detection technology is generally based on gas concentration, temperature change, flame characteristics and the like generated in the combustion process, but in the smoldering stage of a fire, the temperature and gas concentration characteristics are not obvious, so that a fire detection means aiming at temperature and gas cannot accurately alarm in the early stage, and the defects of high false alarm rate, overlong detection time and the like exist. The smoke is a mark product in the smoldering stage of the fire, and early warning of the fire can be realized by taking smoke detection as a judgment basis. Smoke fire detectors are mainly of two types: an ion smoke detector and a photoelectric smoke detector. The ion smoke-sensitive detector is based on the current reduction principle, has radioactive hazards, and is rarely used in daily fire detection. Photoelectric smoke detector is based on the scattering principle of light and particulate matter: when the incident light irradiates the smoke particles, the smoke particles scatter the incident light to all directions, and the receiving device alarms when the received light intensity reaches a threshold value. However, such photoelectric fire detectors require an optical darkroom to eliminate the influence of stray light in the space, are susceptible to interference of non-fire aerosols such as dust and water vapor in the environment, and have problems of low sensitivity and reliability.
Therefore, how to provide a fire smoke detection system and method with strong anti-interference capability, high sensitivity and high reliability is an urgent problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dual-wavelength fire smoke detection system and method based on phase-locked amplification, which can quickly and effectively distinguish non-fire aerosol such as dust, water vapor and the like in the environment and can avoid the influence of ambient light on the accuracy of a photoelectric detector.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a dual-wavelength fire smoke detection system based on phase-locked amplification comprises a control processing module, a signal generation module, a light source module, a scattering module, a filtering amplification module and a data acquisition module;
the signal generation module is used for modulating output signals with two different wavelengths and frequencies under the control of the control processing module;
the light source module is used for emitting irradiation light with wavelength and frequency corresponding to the output signal to the scattering module;
the scattering module is used for scattering the irradiated light by using fire smoke or non-fire aerosol and converting a scattered light signal into an electric signal; wherein the ambient stray light that would be doped is converted into an electrical signal;
the filtering and amplifying module is used for filtering and amplifying the converted electric signals and then sequentially transmitting the electric signals to the data acquisition module and the control processing module;
and the control processing module is used for performing signal processing on the signals acquired by the data acquisition module by adopting a digital phase-locking algorithm to obtain a signal value after the irradiated light participates in fire smoke scattering.
Further, the device also comprises an output driving module, wherein the output driving module receives the output signal of the signal generating module and controls the light source module to emit the emitting light corresponding to the signal.
Further, the light source module comprises at least two LED lamps, and the LEDs are installed in the optical smoke labyrinth at different angles and used for emitting illumination light and entering the optical smoke labyrinth at different angles for scattering.
Further, the scattering module includes: the device comprises an optical division multiplexer, an optical smoke maze and a photoelectric detection module; the optical wavelength division multiplexer is used for providing different wave channels, the optical smoke labyrinth is used for storing fire smoke and non-fire aerosol, and the photoelectric detection module is used for detecting forward scattering light signals and backward scattering light signals.
Furthermore, the optical smoke maze adopts a multi-input-tube multi-output-tube structure and is used for scattering multiple kinds of irradiation light, and the photoelectric detection module comprises two photoelectric detectors which are oppositely arranged and used for detecting smoke forward scattering light signals and smoke backward scattering light signals.
Furthermore, the control processing module filters a signal value corresponding to ambient stray light in the data acquired by the data acquisition module by adopting a digital phase-locked algorithm, extracts a signal value of irradiated light after the irradiated light participates in scattering by taking fire smoke as a medium from the signal value of irradiated light participating in scattering, and judges whether a fire disaster occurs.
A dual-wavelength fire smoke detection method based on phase-locked amplification comprises the steps of,
s1: setting and modulating two signals with different waveforms and frequencies, and emitting the irradiation light with different wavelength frequencies according to the signals;
s2: irradiating light is subjected to photoelectric conversion after being scattered by smoke; wherein, the ambient stray light also participates in photoelectric conversion;
s3: filtering and amplifying the photoelectrically converted electric signals to obtain final signals;
s4: reading a final signal, filtering a signal value corresponding to ambient stray light from the final signal by adopting a digital phase-locking algorithm, and extracting a signal value with a preset frequency to obtain a signal value after modulated irradiation light participates in scattering;
s5: according to the signal values of the two different wavelengths of the irradiated light after the irradiated light participates in scattering, distinguishing the signal value of the irradiated light which participates in scattering by taking fire smoke as a medium from the signal value of the irradiated light which participates in scattering by taking non-fire aerosol as a medium, and judging whether a fire disaster occurs according to the size of the signal value of the irradiated light which participates in scattering by taking fire smoke as a medium.
Further, the emitted irradiation light is infrared light with a wavelength of 940nm and a frequency of 1.5kHz and blue light with a wavelength of 465nm and a frequency of 1kHz respectively.
Furthermore, the illuminating light with different wavelengths is modulated by adopting modulation signals of various sinusoidal modulation frequencies.
Furthermore, the ratio of the signal values of the two wavelengths of the irradiated light participating in scattering is used as a characteristic parameter, and different smoke particles are distinguished according to the range value of the characteristic parameter calculated when different materials are combusted.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the embodiment of the invention provides a dual-wavelength fire smoke detection system and method based on phase-locked amplification, which have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention introduces the dual-wavelength phase-locked amplification photoelectric micro-signal detection technology into the field of fire smoke detection, combines the photoelectric smoke detection and the dual-wavelength phase-locked amplification technology, and has the advantages of simple system, good stability and easy realization;
(2) the invention effectively reduces the interference of stray light in the background to a photoelectric measurement signal with a specific modulation frequency by modulating a dual-wavelength light source and extracting a characteristic high-frequency light signal, distinguishes non-fire aerosol and fire smoke and improves the accuracy of a fire smoke detector;
(3) the invention adopts the specific multi-transmitting-tube multi-receiving-tube optical smoke maze to scatter the luminous sources with multiple wavelengths and multiple modulation frequencies, can quickly and effectively distinguish the luminous sources by utilizing the phase-locked amplification algorithm, and can distinguish different smoke particles to a great extent by utilizing the characteristic that different smoke particles have different forward and backward scattering effects on light with different wavelengths.
(4) The invention integrates all modules into the same circuit board, thereby improving the universality of the smoke detection system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-wavelength fire smoke detection system based on phase-locked amplification according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dual-optical-path two-way smoke detector according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the results of an example of the detection of combustion smoke from a cotton rope according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the results of an example of the detection of water vapor combustion fumes according to the present invention;
wherein. The system comprises a control processing module, a 2-signal generating module, a 3-output driving module, a 4-light source module, a 5-optical division multiplexer, a 6-optical smoke maze, a 7-photoelectric detection module, a 71-first photoelectric detector, a 72-second photoelectric detector, an 8-filtering amplification module and a 9-data acquisition module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, such as "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The embodiment of the invention provides a dual-wavelength fire smoke detection system based on phase-locked amplification, which comprises a control processing module 1, a signal generating module 2, a light source module 4, a scattering module, a filtering and amplifying module 8 and a data acquisition module 9, wherein the control processing module is used for controlling the signal generating module to generate a signal; the signal generating module 2 is used for setting and modulating two output signals with different wavelengths and frequencies under the control of the control processing module 1;
the light source module 4 is used for emitting irradiation light with wavelength and frequency corresponding to the output signal to the scattering module;
the scattering module is used for scattering the irradiated light by utilizing fire smoke or non-fire aerosol and converting a scattered light signal into an electric signal; since the stray light in the environment is also detected by the photoelectric detector, the stray light in the environment also participates in photoelectric conversion;
the filtering and amplifying module 8 is used for filtering and amplifying the converted electric signals and then sequentially transmitting the electric signals to the data acquisition module 9 and the control processing module 1;
the control processing module 1 is used for processing the signals acquired by the data acquisition module 9 by adopting a digital phase-locking algorithm to obtain signal values of the irradiated light scattered by the fire smoke.
In order to further implement the above technical solution, the lighting device further includes an output driving module 3, and the output driving module 3 receives the output signal of the signal generating module 2 and drives the light source module 4 to emit the emitted light corresponding to the signal.
In order to further implement the above technical solution, the scattering module includes: the system comprises an optical division multiplexer 5, an optical smoke maze 6 and a photoelectric detection module 7; the optical division multiplexer 5 is used for providing different wave channels, the optical smoke maze 6 is used for storing fire smoke and non-fire aerosol and scattering light, and the photoelectric detection module 7 is used for detecting forward scattered light and backward scattered light. Within optical smoke labyrinth 6, there is not only fire smoke, but also non-fire aerosols (such as dust and water vapor) in the environment. The non-fire aerosol also scatters light emitted by the light source, and the scattered light strikes the photodetector, which results in false alarm. And some stray light present in the environment may also strike the photodetector, causing an alarm.
In order to further implement the above technical solution, the power supply module comprises at least two LEDs for emitting illumination light of different wavelength frequencies, the LEDs being mounted in the optical smoke maze 6 at different angles.
In order to further implement the technical scheme, a plurality of input tubes and a plurality of output tubes are arranged in the optical smoke maze 6 and are used for receiving and scattering the irradiated light with a plurality of wavelengths; the photoelectric detection module 7 comprises two oppositely arranged photoelectric detectors, and the photoelectric detectors are fixed on an output tube of the optical smoke maze and used for detecting forward scattered light signals and backward scattered light signals and carrying out photoelectric conversion.
In order to further implement the above technical solution, the control processing module 1 reads the data of the data acquisition module in real time, performs analysis processing by a digital phase-locking algorithm, and extracts optical signal data with a set frequency for illuminating light and ambient stray light.
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to fig. 1 and 2:
the control processing module 1 sets the waveforms and frequencies of output signals of the DDS1 and the DDS2 in the signal generating module 2, so that the output driving module 3 controls the LEDs 1 and the LEDs 2 in the light source module 4 to emit illuminating light with corresponding transformation rules;
the method comprises the steps that irradiation light enters an optical smoke maze 6 from different angles through an optical multiplexer 5 to be scattered, a photoelectric detection module 7 comprises a first photoelectric detector 71 and a second photoelectric detector 72, the first photoelectric detector 71 is used for detecting forward scattering light, the second photoelectric detector 72 is used for detecting backward scattering light, a filtering and amplifying module comprises a first filtering amplifier and a second filtering amplifier, and scattered light signals are received by the first photoelectric detector 71 and the second photoelectric detector 72 which are arranged in the forward and backward directions to complete photoelectric conversion; the incident angle theta of the irradiated light can be controlled by fixing the LED1 and the LED2 on the optical smoke maze according to a certain angle, wherein the theta is the included angle between the incident direction of the irradiated light and the connecting line of the two photodetectors, and it is ensured that the first photodetector 71 and the second photodetector 72 do not receive the optical signal emitted by the light source module under the condition that the scattering is not normally involved;
the first photoelectric detector 71 and the second photoelectric detector 72 convert the received optical signals into electric signals which are respectively input into the first filter amplifier and the second filter amplifier, the signals are amplified and filtered by the filter amplification module 8, then the signals are acquired by the data acquisition module 9, the control processing module 1 is responsible for reading data input by the data acquisition card in real time, analyzing and processing are carried out according to a stored digital phase-locked algorithm, and optical signal data with set frequency are extracted to be used for distinguishing fire smoke and non-fire aerosol.
In the absence of a fire, the photodetection module 7 does not receive the light signal emitted by the light source module 4. When a fire occurs, a large amount of smoke is generated in the initial stage of the fire, the fire smoke is diffused into the optical smoke labyrinth and scatters light sources with different wavelengths, and the scattered light signals are received by the photoelectric detector. With the increasing amount and the increasing concentration of the fire smoke in the optical smoke maze, the scattered light will also increase, and the signal received by the photoelectric detector will also increase. When the signal reaches a certain threshold, an alarm is generated.
Within the smoke maze, not only fire smoke is present, but also non-fire aerosols (such as dust and water vapor) in the environment. The non-fire aerosol also scatters light emitted by the light source, and the scattered light strikes the photodetector, which results in false alarm. And some stray light present in the environment may also strike the photodetector, causing an alarm.
The invention modulates the LED light sources with different wavelengths to enable the LED light sources to emit light signals with specific sinusoidal frequency, and adopts a multi-emission tube and a bidirectional detection optical smoke maze structure to realize the extraction of the light signals subjected to frequency modulation, distinguish the light signals from environmental stray light, accurately identify fire smoke and non-fire aerosol (such as dust, water vapor and the like), ensure that the fire smoke is only responded, effectively improve the alarm sensitivity and reliability of a fire smoke detection system, and avoid the occurrence of false alarm.
A dual-wavelength fire smoke detection method based on phase-locked amplification comprises the steps of,
s1: setting and modulating two signals with different waveforms and frequencies, and emitting the irradiation light with different wavelength frequencies according to the signals;
s2: irradiating light is subjected to photoelectric conversion after being scattered by smoke;
s3: filtering and amplifying the electric signal after the photoelectric conversion to obtain a final signal;
s4: reading a final signal, extracting a signal value with a preset frequency from the final signal by adopting a digital phase-locking algorithm, filtering a signal value corresponding to ambient stray light, and obtaining a signal value after modulated irradiation light participates in scattering;
s5: according to the signal values of the two different wavelengths of the irradiated light after the irradiated light participates in scattering, distinguishing the signal value of the irradiated light which participates in scattering by taking fire smoke as a medium from the signal value of the irradiated light which participates in scattering by taking non-fire aerosol as a medium, and judging whether a fire disaster occurs according to the size of the signal value of the irradiated light which participates in scattering by taking fire smoke as a medium.
In order to further implement the technical scheme, the irradiating light is respectively infrared light with the wavelength of 940nm and the frequency of 1.5kHz and blue light with the wavelength of 465nm and the frequency of 1 kHz. When a fire disaster occurs, fire smoke and non-fire aerosol scatter the irradiating light, the infrared light and the blue light are scattered differently by the fire smoke and the non-fire aerosol, the fire smoke particles are smaller, the non-fire aerosol particles are larger, the blue light is shorter, the large particles and the small particles have stronger scattering to the blue light, the infrared light is longer, the small particles have weaker scattering to the red light, and the large particles have stronger scattering to the infrared light, so that the fire smoke and the non-fire aerosol are used as an important basis for distinguishing the fire smoke and the non-fire aerosol.
In order to further implement the above technical solution, the irradiation light participates in the smoke scattering at different angles, and the sinusoidal modulation frequencies of the irradiation light are different for different wavelength frequencies.
In order to further implement the above technical solution, in step S4, a digital phase-locking algorithm is used to extract the signal value of the preset frequency. Extracting high-frequency characteristic light by adopting a phase-locked amplification algorithm according to a set frequency, and distinguishing fire smoke light and low-frequency environment stray light; according to the signal values of the scattered light participated by the irradiation light with different wavelengths, fire smoke and non-fire aerosol are distinguished.
In order to further implement the technical scheme, the ratio of signal values of the irradiated light with two wavelengths after the irradiated light participates in scattering is used as a characteristic parameter, and different smoke particles are distinguished according to the range value of the characteristic parameter calculated when different materials are combusted.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in the schematic diagrams of the detection results of the cotton rope burning smoke and the water vapor burning smoke, wherein Q1 represents the amplitude of the optical signal, and the characteristic parameter is the ratio of the amplitude of the blue light signal to the amplitude of the infrared light signal; infrared light with the wavelength of 940nm and the frequency of 1.5kHz and blue light with the wavelength of 465nm and the frequency of 1kHz are respectively set to participate in scattering of smoke particles, the included angle between the incident direction of the infrared light and the blue light and the connecting line of the two photoelectric detectors is 135 degrees, namely theta in figure 2 is 135 degrees, the light signal value corresponding to scattering of the smoke particles generated by combustion of cotton ropes on the blue light and the infrared light can be determined, the final characteristic parameter range is 3-7, the light signal value corresponding to scattering of the smoke particles generated by combustion of water vapor on the blue light and the infrared light is 0.75-1.5, and therefore different smoke particles can be distinguished by calculating the range of the characteristic parameters.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
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