The Forging Technology of heavy wall high tubular ring forging
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Forging Technology of heavy wall high tubular ring forging。
Background technology
Generally by wall thickness more than 70mm, the tall and big ring forging in 1.5m of cylinder is called heavy wall high tubular ring forging。
The conventional production process of common ring forging is: with steel billet for raw material, after blanking, upset, punching, then rolles over ring by core roller and king roller on machine for rolling ring and prepares;But aforementioned production method is not used to manufacture heavy wall high tubular ring forging, reason is as follows: can increase ring forging height by expansion internal diameter when 1, the steel billet that length shorter external diameter larger interior diameter is less carries out rolling over ring, but owing to the rolling ratio of heavy wall high tubular ring forging is little, the internal diameter making ring forging expands cannot be synchronize with the increase of ring forging height, causes that heavy wall high tubular ring forging cannot molding completely。2, when the steel billet adopting the profile with heavy wall high tubular ring forging to be close forges, owing to the length of hydraulic press upper punch is restricted, so steel billet cannot rush through hole, steel billet also just cannot carry out rolling over ring on machine for rolling ring。
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is: will provide for the Forging Technology of a kind of heavy wall high tubular ring forging。
In order to solve the problems referred to above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the Forging Technology of heavy wall high tubular ring forging, and the grade of steel of material therefor is: 13CrMo4-5, and its forging step is as follows:
1) blanking gained steel billet is lain against in heating furnace, now the highest furnace temperature≤600 DEG C in stove, then heating furnace is incubated 2~4h after being warming up to 850 DEG C ± 20 DEG C, after being warming up to 1250 DEG C ± 20 DEG C again be incubated 6~8h, at this heat up and insulating process in ensure steel billet in stove total heat time heating time >=12h;
2) utilizing hydraulic press to carry out chamfered edge on the steel billet after heating round as a ball, then steel billet is carried out upset by recycling hydraulic press, upset ratio >=2.3, then the steel billet after upset is returned stove insulation 1~2h, and holding temperature is 1200 DEG C~1300 DEG C;
3) utilizing hydraulic press to prepare just base after carrying out rushing through hole on the steel billet after upset, then first base is returned stove insulation 1~2h, holding temperature is 1200 DEG C~1300 DEG C;
4) use anvil, lower V-type anvil that the first base being sleeved on mandrel is pulled out on hydraulic press, wherein before pulling, mandrel need to be preheated to 150 DEG C~250 DEG C and smear lubricant, in the process of pulling, each one side drafts of upper anvil is 30~60mm, pulling ratio >=2.0, first base after completing pulling operation is returned stove insulation 1~2h, and holding temperature is 1200 DEG C~1300 DEG C;
5) use column type king roller and cylinder core roller to carry out rolling over ring to the first base after pulling on machine for rolling ring, finally prepare the heavy wall high tubular ring forging of required size, wherein roll over chain rate >=2.0。
Further, the Forging Technology of aforesaid heavy wall high tubular ring forging, wherein: lubricant is carbon dust and the oily mixture mixed with mass ratio 1~1.5:2~2.5 ratio of machine tool lubrication, it is preferable that ratio is 1:2。
Further, the Forging Technology of aforesaid heavy wall high tubular ring forging, wherein: in pulling process, the distance of first base and the mandrel shaft shoulder is 100~150mm。
Further, the Forging Technology of aforesaid heavy wall high tubular ring forging, wherein: in pulling operation, the pressing order at the axial each position of first base is by upper anvil: first the first base front portion near the mandrel shaft shoulder is pressed, pressing width is the thickness of upper anvil, then starts from back to front the section of pressing gradually to be pressed from first base rear portion。
Further, the Forging Technology of aforesaid heavy wall high tubular ring forging, wherein: described upper anvil is upper flat anvil。
Further, the Forging Technology of aforesaid heavy wall high tubular ring forging, wherein: described upper anvil is upper reverse V-shaped anvil。
The invention have the advantage that the Forging Technology of heavy wall high tubular ring forging provided by the invention, heavy wall high tubular ring forging can be processed quickly and accurately。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be heavy wall high tubular ring forging of the present invention Forging Technology in pull out the theory structure schematic diagram of operation。
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the right apparent direction of Fig. 1。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings, the present invention is described in further detail。
Embodiment 1
The Forging Technology of heavy wall high tubular ring forging, the grade of steel of material therefor is: 13CrMo4-5, and its forging step is as follows:
1) on cutting machine, hexagonal steel bar is carried out blanking, then blanking gained steel billet is lain against in heating furnace, now the highest furnace temperature≤600 DEG C in stove, then heating furnace is incubated 2h after being warming up to 850 DEG C, it is incubated 6h after being warming up to 1250 DEG C again, heats up at this and insulating process ensureing, the steel billet total heat time heating time in stove is 13h;
2) utilizing hydraulic press to carry out chamfered edge on the steel billet after heating round as a ball, then steel billet is carried out upset by recycling hydraulic press, and upset ratio is 3.3, then the steel billet after upset is returned stove insulation 1h, and holding temperature is 1300 DEG C;
3) preparing as shown in Figure 1 just base 4 after the steel billet after upset being carried out rushing through hole on hydraulic press, then first base 4 is returned stove insulation 1h, holding temperature is 1300 DEG C;
4) such as Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, flat anvil 1 on using on hydraulic press, the first base 4 being sleeved on mandrel 3 is pulled out by lower V-type anvil 2, in actual production, upper anvil can also use reverse V-shaped anvil, on mandrel 3, the region for pulling out is column type, the step of pulling is as follows: mandrel 3 is first preheated to before pulling out 150 DEG C and smears lubricant, lubricant is carbon dust and machine tool lubrication oil (the Mobil Weida guide track series oil) mixture with the mixing of mass ratio 1.2:2.3 ratio, then mandrel 3 is fixed by operation machine and is parallel to ground, again first base 4 is set on mandrel 3, then mandrel 3 and first base 4 are moved between supreme flat anvil 1 and lower V-type anvil 2, and just the outer surface of base 4 contacts with upper flat anvil 1 and lower V-type anvil 2, the surface of just base 4 is pressed by upper flat anvil 1, make just base 4 between upper flat anvil 1 and lower V-type anvil 2 plastic deformation and pulled out, the pulling of first base 4 is the circulation of first base 4 outer surface have been pressed repeatedly with a less one side drafts at upper flat anvil 1, the detailed process repeatedly pressed is as follows: first goes up flat anvil 1 and with the one side drafts of each about 30mm, first base 4 front portion near the mandrel shaft shoulder 31 is pressed, pressing width is the thickness of upper flat anvil 1, then go up flat anvil 1 to start from back to front the section of pressing gradually to be pressed from first base 4 rear portion with the one side drafts of each about 30mm again, after completing the above-mentioned single pass to first base 4 time pressing, mandrel 3 drives just base 4 to rotate a less angle, then go up flat anvil 1, according to above-mentioned one side drafts and pressing order, more first base 4 is carried out a single pass time pressing, so constantly repetitive cycling is until just base 4 is by pulling to Len req;In the process of pulling, upper flat anvil 1 needs the diverse location on first base 4 axial surface is gradually pressed, so mandrel 3 needs axial feeding to make just base 4 move axially, each feed of mandrel 3 is determined according to the thickness of upper flat anvil 1, and in pulling process, just the distance of base 4 and the mandrel shaft shoulder 31 is maintained at 100mm, and pulling ratio is 3.0。After completing pulling process, the first base 4 after pulling being returned stove insulation 1h, holding temperature is 1300 DEG C;
5) using column type king roller and cylinder core roller to carry out rolling over ring to the first base 4 after pulling on machine for rolling ring, finally prepare the heavy wall high tubular ring forging of required size, wherein rolling over chain rate is 3.0。
Embodiment 2
The Forging Technology of heavy wall high tubular ring forging, the grade of steel of material therefor is: 13CrMo4-5, and its forging step is as follows:
1) on cutting machine, hexagonal steel bar is carried out blanking, then blanking gained steel billet is lain against in heating furnace, now the highest furnace temperature≤600 DEG C in stove, then heating furnace is incubated 3h after being warming up to 870 DEG C, it is incubated 7h after being warming up to 1270 DEG C again, heats up at this and insulating process ensureing, the steel billet total heat time heating time in stove is 15h;
2) utilizing hydraulic press to carry out chamfered edge on the steel billet after heating round as a ball, then steel billet is carried out upset by recycling hydraulic press, and upset ratio is 2.3, then the steel billet after upset is returned stove insulation 1.2h, and holding temperature is 1250 DEG C;
3) preparing as shown in Figure 1 just base 4 after the steel billet after upset being carried out rushing through hole on hydraulic press, then first base 4 is returned stove insulation 1.2h, holding temperature is 1250 DEG C;
4) such as Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, flat anvil 1 on using on hydraulic press, the first base 4 being sleeved on mandrel 3 is pulled out by lower V-type anvil 2, in actual production, upper anvil can also use reverse V-shaped anvil, on mandrel 3, the region for pulling out is column type, the step of pulling is as follows: mandrel 3 is first preheated to before pulling out 200 DEG C and smears lubricant, lubricant is carbon dust and machine tool lubrication oil (Haas the is No. 68 rail oils too) mixture that mixes with mass ratio 1:2 ratio, then mandrel 3 is fixed by operation machine and is parallel to ground, again first base 4 is set on mandrel 3, then mandrel 3 and first base 4 are moved between supreme flat anvil 1 and lower V-type anvil 2, and just the outer surface of base 4 contacts with upper flat anvil 1 and lower V-type anvil 2, the surface of just base 4 is pressed by upper flat anvil 1, make just base 4 between upper flat anvil 1 and lower V-type anvil 2 plastic deformation and pulled out, the pulling of first base 4 is the circulation of first base 4 outer surface have been pressed repeatedly with a less one side drafts at upper flat anvil 1, the detailed process repeatedly pressed is as follows: first goes up flat anvil 1 and with the one side drafts of each about 45mm, first base 4 front portion near the mandrel shaft shoulder 31 is pressed, pressing width is the thickness of upper flat anvil 1, then go up flat anvil 1 to start from back to front the section of pressing gradually to be pressed from first base 4 rear portion with the one side drafts of each about 45mm again, after completing the above-mentioned single pass to first base 4 time pressing, mandrel 3 drives just base 4 to rotate a less angle, then go up flat anvil 1, according to above-mentioned one side drafts and pressing order, more first base 4 is carried out a single pass time pressing, so constantly repetitive cycling is until just base 4 is by pulling to Len req;In the process of pulling, upper flat anvil 1 needs the diverse location on first base 4 axial surface is gradually pressed, so mandrel 3 needs axial feeding to make just base 4 move axially, each feed of mandrel 3 is determined according to the thickness of upper flat anvil 1, and in pulling process, just the distance of base 4 and the mandrel shaft shoulder 31 is maintained at 125mm, and pulling ratio is 2.0。After completing pulling process, the first base 4 after pulling being returned stove insulation 1.2h, holding temperature is 1250 DEG C;
5) using column type king roller and cylinder core roller to carry out rolling over ring to the first base 4 after pulling on machine for rolling ring, finally prepare the heavy wall high tubular ring forging of required size, wherein rolling over chain rate is 2.0。
Embodiment 3
The Forging Technology of heavy wall high tubular ring forging, the grade of steel of material therefor is: 13CrMo4-5, and its forging step is as follows:
1) on cutting machine, hexagonal steel bar is carried out blanking, then blanking gained steel billet is lain against in heating furnace, now the highest furnace temperature≤600 DEG C in stove, then heating furnace is incubated 4h after being warming up to 860 DEG C, it is incubated 6h after being warming up to 1260 DEG C again, heats up at this and insulating process ensureing, the steel billet total heat time heating time in stove is 16h;
2) utilizing hydraulic press to carry out chamfered edge on the steel billet after heating round as a ball, then steel billet is carried out upset by recycling hydraulic press, and upset ratio is 4.3, then the steel billet after upset is returned stove insulation 1.5h, and holding temperature is 1200 DEG C;
3) preparing as shown in Figure 1 just base 4 after the steel billet after upset being carried out rushing through hole on hydraulic press, then first base 4 is returned stove insulation 1.5h, holding temperature is 1200 DEG C;
4) such as Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, flat anvil 1 on using on hydraulic press, the first base 4 being sleeved on mandrel 3 is pulled out by lower V-type anvil 2, in actual production, upper anvil can also use reverse V-shaped anvil, on mandrel 3, the region for pulling out is column type, the step of pulling is as follows: mandrel 3 is first preheated to before pulling out 250 DEG C and smears lubricant, lubricant is carbon dust and machine tool lubrication oil (the Great Wall L-HG32 hydraulic guide rail oil) mixture that mixes with mass ratio 1.5:2.5 ratio, then mandrel 3 is fixed by operation machine and is parallel to ground, again first base 4 is set on mandrel 3, then mandrel 3 and first base 4 are moved between supreme flat anvil 1 and lower V-type anvil 2, and just the outer surface of base 4 contacts with upper flat anvil 1 and lower V-type anvil 2, the surface of just base 4 is pressed by upper flat anvil 1, make just base 4 between upper flat anvil 1 and lower V-type anvil 2 plastic deformation and pulled out, the pulling of first base 4 is the circulation of first base 4 outer surface have been pressed repeatedly with a less one side drafts at upper flat anvil 1, the detailed process repeatedly pressed is as follows: first goes up flat anvil 1 and with the one side drafts of each about 60mm, first base 4 front portion near the mandrel shaft shoulder 31 is pressed, pressing width is the thickness of upper flat anvil 1, then go up flat anvil 1 to start from back to front the section of pressing gradually to be pressed from first base 4 rear portion with the one side drafts of each about 60mm again, after completing the above-mentioned single pass to first base 4 time pressing, mandrel 3 drives just base 4 to rotate a less angle, then go up flat anvil 1, according to above-mentioned one side drafts and pressing order, more first base 4 is carried out a single pass time pressing, so constantly repetitive cycling is until just base 4 is by pulling to Len req;In the process of pulling, upper flat anvil 1 needs the diverse location on first base 4 axial surface is gradually pressed, so mandrel 3 needs axial feeding to make just base 4 move axially, each feed of mandrel 3 is determined according to the thickness of upper flat anvil 1, and in pulling process, just the distance of base 4 and the mandrel shaft shoulder 31 is maintained at 150mm, and pulling ratio is 4.0。After completing pulling process, the first base 4 after pulling being returned stove insulation 1.5h, holding temperature is 1200 DEG C;
5) using column type king roller and cylinder core roller to carry out rolling over ring to the first base 4 after pulling on machine for rolling ring, finally prepare the heavy wall high tubular ring forging of required size, wherein rolling over chain rate is 4.0。
The invention have the benefit that steel billet is to lie against in heating furnace in technique of the present invention, is so possible to prevent steel billet burning, makes homogeneous heating, is conducive to follow-up forging;After upset, first first base is pulled out, the just profile of base and the profile of required heavy wall high tubular ring forging can be made close, so be conducive to rolling over the shaping of heavy wall high tubular ring forging during ring, and before pulling, on mandrel, smear lubricant, base at the beginning of when can reduce pulling and the frictional resistance of mandrel, make pulling more smoothly;During pulling, the first distance between base and the mandrel shaft shoulder of restriction, after can making just base pulling, first base is anterior without impinging on the mandrel shaft shoulder, and also be possible to prevent to cause that mandrel produces excessive amount of deflection in pulling process because distance between first base and the mandrel shaft shoulder is excessive, the excessive amount of deflection of mandrel can make the pulling poor effect of just base;Each one side drafts is defined, it is possible to make the circularity of steel billet after pulling better, be conducive to next rolling over the carrying out of ring;The front and rear portions of first base is first pressed by upper anvil respectively, the steel material that can make just base two end surfaces is first compacted, when being pressed in the middle part of base originally, the steel material that the steel material of first base middle part surface can be compacted with both sides fully extrudes, steel billet thus can be made to be forged, thus reaching to refine the purpose of interior tissue in first base。In sum, the Forging Technology of heavy wall high tubular ring forging provided by the invention, heavy wall high tubular ring forging can be processed quickly and accurately。