CN101912939B - Extruding, upsetting and moulding die and corresponding upsetting method - Google Patents
Extruding, upsetting and moulding die and corresponding upsetting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101912939B CN101912939B CN 201010218531 CN201010218531A CN101912939B CN 101912939 B CN101912939 B CN 101912939B CN 201010218531 CN201010218531 CN 201010218531 CN 201010218531 A CN201010218531 A CN 201010218531A CN 101912939 B CN101912939 B CN 101912939B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title abstract 5
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011799 hole material Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides an extruding, upsetting and moulding die. The die comprises an upper template component, a lower template component, a punch, a mould core and an upsetting cavity, wherein the upper half upsetting cavity and the lower half upsetting cavity are matched and enclosed to form the extruding, upsetting and moulding die; and the ratio of the whole height of the interior of the upsetting cavity to the diameter of a feeding through hole is smaller than the limit upsetting ratio of a blank to be upset. The invention also provides an upsetting method adopting the extruding, upsetting and moulding die to perform a head upsetting process. The extruding, upsetting and moulding die provided by the invention has the advantages that: the structure is simple; the control over an upsetting part and shape is accurate; flashing is avoided; forging defect is avoided even if the limit upsetting ratio of the blank to be upset is nearly one time greater than the normal limit upsetting ratio; the size and shape required by middle part upsetting and needed by the blank can be realized by extruding and upsetting for one time; local forging of the blank is realized; the utilization of materials is improved; and the production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the metal forging technical field of mold, relate to a kind of mould, particularly, relate to a kind of mould and corresponding jumping-up process for extruding jumping-up technique.
Background technology
Jumping-up is a kind of conventional process of forging processing, forges in the processing in open die forging, die forging and extruding etc., all can use the operation of jumping-up.According to existing technical data, the limit of jumping-up is forged and slightly is no more than 2.5 than maximum, (upset ratio is the ratio of the blank diameter before blank length and the jumping-up before the jumping-up), surpass 2.5 upset ratio, forging can produce the Double drum type distortion during jumping-up, and in continuing deformation process, will produce the forging folds phenomenon, thereby cause forging to scrap.If upset ratio surpasses 3.5, the phenomenon of forging unstability also may occur, so the jumping-up ratio that general jumping-up technique is got is between 0.8 to 2.2.
Yet the upset ratio of the jumping-up technique of metal bar forging head all surpasses 2.5 usually, so the forging head is easy to occur above-mentioned Double drum type distortion or Fold.In the prior art, generally adopt the method for twice jumping-up or use the upsetter jumping-up to solve, thereby cause production efficiency to reduce high expensive.In addition, can also with after the forging heating by forcing press and the jumping-up open die end jumping-up to forging, and then machining, this jumping-up open die is because it only has simple fixation to forging, therefore can only carry out the end jumping-up to forging, and can not carry out jumping-up to the middle part of forging, and there is overlap at the jumping-up position.
In addition, Chinese patent application number has disclosed a kind of jumping-up technique by " selective heating continuous upsetting enclosed simple mould for metal bar " of CN200720188529.6 and is used and work as mould structure.It discloses a kind of selective heating continuous upsetting enclosed simple mould for metal bar, it is made of die shoe, core rod, patrix, bottom knockout bar, upper ejector beam, in core rod, be provided with core rod bar hole, the jumping-up chamber is established on top in core rod bar hole, when patrix is moved down into lower dead center, form the jumping-up chamber of enclosed.Although this patent is provided with a jumping-up chamber in described core rod bar hole, but this jumping-up chamber is to exist in order to control jumping-up position and elimination overlap, its jumping-up principle still is to utilize jumping-up is heated to carry out in the forging part, does not relate to the technology contents that forging is carried out jumping-up according to the jumping-up chamber of the limit upset ratio design special shape of forging.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is: the problem for above-mentioned existence provides a kind of extruding upsetting mold and the corresponding jumping-up process that can carry out to metal bar jumping-up above the limit upset ratio of its material own.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of extruding upsetting mold comprises: the cope match-plate pattern assembly, and it is arranged on the top of mould; The lower bolster assembly, it is arranged on the bottom of mould; Drift, it is fixed on the described cope match-plate pattern assembly; It is characterized in that, also comprise: core rod, described core rod is comprised of upper mold core and lower mold core; Described upper mold core is connected on the described cope match-plate pattern assembly, and can move up and down by relatively described cope match-plate pattern assembly, be provided with a upper blowing through hole that is complementary with blank to be upsetting below corresponding with described drift, on described the blowing through hole below, described upper mold core bottom fovea superior forms first jumping-up chamber; Described lower mold core is arranged on the described lower bolster assembly, below corresponding with described first jumping-up chamber, second jumping-up chamber of the recessed formation in described lower mold core top, the below in described second jumping-up chamber is provided with corresponding with a described upper blowing through hole material through hole of transferring, described upper blowing through hole with transfer material through hole and form the blowing through hole; The jumping-up chamber, it is by described first jumping-up chamber and second jumping-up chamber closed formation matchingly, and the ratio of the inner body height in described jumping-up chamber and the diameter of blowing through hole (actual upset ratio) is less than the limit upset ratio of blank to be upsetting.
Preferably, the volume in described jumping-up chamber is V, and the sectional area of described blowing through hole is that S, diameter are D, and the limit upset ratio of blank to be upsetting is K
1, V 〉=S * D * K then
1, guaranteeing blank in carrying out the jumping-up technique of upset ratio when equaling limit upset ratio, the volume in described jumping-up chamber is enough to hold the blank behind the jumping-up.
Further, between described upper mold core and cope match-plate pattern assembly, be provided with spring, described spring props up up and down described upper mold core and cope match-plate pattern assembly and is in compressive state, thereby make described upper mold core have all the time the trend that moves downward, affect the obturation effect in jumping-up chamber to avoid in upsetting process upper mold core to move, avoided that blank produces overlap in upsetting process.
Preferably, described upper mold core is connected on the described cope match-plate pattern assembly by some bolts, the bottom of described bolt and described upper mold core fix, the top of described bolt and described cope match-plate pattern assembly are flexibly connected, so that the relatively described cope match-plate pattern assembly of described upper mold core can move up and down, thereby can realize easily mould die sinking and matched moulds work.
Preferably, described lower bolster assembly withstands blank to be upsetting by an ejector beam is set, and to reduce in the upsetting process wearing and tearing of lower bolster assembly is affected upsetting process.
Preferably, the ratio of the inner body height in described jumping-up chamber and the diameter of blank to be upsetting is less than or equal to 2.5, more preferably, the ratio of diameter of the inner body height in described jumping-up chamber and blank to be upsetting less than or equal to 2.2.In this upset ratio scope, can control blank to be upsetting more satisfactoryly and in upsetting process, avoid occurring the phenomenons such as Double drum type distortion or Fold.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of jumping-up process is characterized in that, uses above-mentioned extruding upsetting mold and carries out jumping-up, and it may further comprise the steps:
Blanking: according to one section length-specific of needs intercepting of forging product and the blank to be upsetting in cross section;
Heating: need the part of jumping-up to heat blank to be upsetting;
Blowing: blank to be upsetting put into transfer material through hole, described upper mold core is down moved until closed with described lower mold core;
Jumping-up: described drift moves downward and pushes blank to be upsetting, and after jumping-up was finished, described cope match-plate pattern assembly drove described upper mold core and moves upward and carry out die sinking, takes out the complete blank of jumping-up in the die sinking situation;
Further, in carrying out described head jumping-up processing step process, described drift continues extruding blank to be upsetting, until described drift moves to the default lower dead center in described jumping-up chamber, thereby once finishes extruding jumping-up technique to blank.
Compared with prior art, extruding upsetting mold provided by the invention is simple in structure, jumping-up position and shape precise control, and can not produce overlap, even blank to be upsetting itself surpassed conventional limit upset ratio nearly one times forging defect can not appear; In upsetting process, can in conjunction with the technique of extruding in the prior art with jumping-up, just can finish the required desired size and shape of middle part jumping-up of blank by once pushing jumping-up; Realized the part forging of blank, improved the utilization rate of material, thereby reduced production cost by the energy that reduces streamline workman, machine and consumption required in the technological process.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of extruding upsetting mold provided by the invention under the matched moulds state.
Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of extruding upsetting mold of the present invention behind the die sinking blowing.
Fig. 3 shows the structural representation of extruding upsetting mold of the present invention after the jumping-up operation is finished.
Fig. 4 shows the front view of the lower mold core of extruding upsetting mold of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows the side view of the lower mold core of extruding upsetting mold of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment is described in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Embodiment 1: to shown in Figure 5, the extruding upsetting mold in the present embodiment comprises cope match-plate pattern assembly 6, lower bolster assembly 7, drift 8 and core rod such as Fig. 1.Cope match-plate pattern assembly 6 and lower bolster assembly 7 are installed on the workbench, and cope match-plate pattern assembly 6 is arranged on the top of mould, and lower bolster assembly 7 is arranged on the bottom of mould, thereby play the fixed installation effect to mold integral.
Drift 8 is fixed on the cope match-plate pattern assembly 6, and particularly, drift 8 is positioned at the top of blank 12 to be upsetting and blowing through hole 3.After blank 12 to be upsetting placed in core rod, drift 8 moved downward the extruding upsetting process that can realize blank 12 to be upsetting.
Core rod is arranged on the lower bolster assembly 7, and it is comprised of upper mold core 1 and lower mold core 2.Be provided with a blowing through hole 3 that is complementary with blank 12 to be upsetting that be positioned at drift 8 belows in the core rod.
Below corresponding with drift 8, upper mold core 1 is provided with a upper blowing through hole that is complementary with blank 12 to be upsetting, and below upper blowing through hole, upper mold core 1 bottom fovea superior forms first jumping-up chamber.The bottom of upper mold core 1 and four hexagon socket head cap screws 13 fixes, bolt 13 tops and cope match-plate pattern assembly 6 are flexibly connected, for example cope match-plate pattern assembly bottom is provided with the restriction section that the head of restriction bolt 13 moves down, so that in the situation above the head of bolt 13 is positioned at restriction section, upper mold core 1 can move up and down with respect to cope match-plate pattern assembly 6.Be provided with four springs 9 between upper mold core 1 and the cope match-plate pattern assembly 6, spring 9 preferably is enclosed within on the hexagon socket head cap screw 13 and is in compressive state, the compression stress that produces so that upper mold core 1 when the matched moulds jumping-up work, can fit tightly with lower mold core 2, thereby effectively avoided blank generation overlap in upsetting process.
Lower mold core 2 is arranged on the lower bolster assembly 7, and below corresponding with first jumping-up chamber, second jumping-up chamber of the recessed formation in lower mold core 2 tops, the below in second jumping-up chamber are provided with corresponding with a upper blowing through hole material through hole of transferring.Lower bolster assembly 7 withstands blank to be upsetting by an ejector beam 10 is set, and ejector beam 10 is arranged in the positioning sleeve 11 of lower bolster assembly 7 bottoms corresponding with blowing through hole 3.
The jumping-up chamber is by first jumping-up chamber and second jumping-up chamber closed formation matchingly, and the ratio (actual upset ratio) of the inner body height in jumping-up chamber and the diameter of blowing through hole (being the diameter of blank to be upsetting) is less than the limit upset ratio of blank to be upsetting.
Preferably, the actual upset of the internal height in jumping-up chamber and the diameter of blank 12 to be upsetting (is that blank is under common jumping-up technique than (i.e. blank partial-length and diameter ratio in the jumping-up chamber) less than the limit upset ratio of blank 12 to be upsetting, blank overall length and diameter ratio when the phenomenons such as jumping-up folded deformation can not occur material), preferably the value of actual upset ratio is less than or equal to 2.5, more preferably less than or equal to 2.2, to guarantee in upsetting process, can there be defective.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that limit upset ratio is to determine according to material, structure and the shape of product itself, when the upset ratio that blank 12 materials is carried out jumping-up during greater than its limit upset ratio, forging defect can occur.If the volume in jumping-up chamber is V, the sectional area of blowing through hole is that S, diameter are D, and the limit upset ratio of blank to be upsetting is K
1, V 〉=S * D * K then
1Further, the volume of establishing the jumping-up chamber is V, and the sectional area of blowing through hole is S, and bottom, second jumping-up chamber is H to the height of presetting lower dead center, then V 〉=S * H preferably.
Embodiment 2: the present invention also provides a kind of jumping-up process, and particularly, it is used above-mentioned extruding upsetting mold and carries out jumping-up, and step is as follows: blanking, heating, blowing, jumping-up.Particularly, blanking is according to one section length-specific of needs intercepting of forging product and the blank to be upsetting 12 in cross section; Heating is to need the part of jumping-up to heat blank 12 to be upsetting; Blowing is blank 12 to be upsetting to be put into transfer material through hole 3, upper mold core 1 down move until with lower mold core 2 closures; Jumping-up is that drift 8 moves downward and push blank to be upsetting, and after jumping-up was finished, cope match-plate pattern assembly 6 drive upper mold core 1 moved upward and carry out die sinking, take out the complete blank of jumping-up in the die sinking situation.
Particularly, blank to be upsetting 12 (rod member) that at first will jumping-up is put into lower mold core 2, and equipment is started working.Then, upper mold core 1 is down moved the top of blank 12 to be upsetting is fixed, and drift 8 begins to push the blank to be upsetting 12 in the blowing through hole 3, blank material 3 is down pushed, material production Upsetting in the jumping-up chamber, along with equipment down moves, blank material constantly is extruded in the jumping-up chamber.Until drift 8 moves to the position of default lower dead center, the extruding Upsetting finishes.End-use device up moves, and in the die sinking situation, takes out the good rod member part of jumping-up.
,, move downward by drift 8 in upsetting process to shown in Figure 3 in conjunction with Fig. 1, constantly extrded material moves downward, and is expressed in the Upsetting district, finishes upsetting process.Because the material in the jumping-up district is constantly by jumping-up, it is increasing that diameter will become, thereby so that the actual upset ratio becomes more and more less, therefore more can in the process of extruding jumping-up, not produce the jumping-up folded deformation, until drift 8 all is expressed to material in the Upsetting district, whole extruding jumping-up operation is finished.For example will then need the rod member head by 16mm * 87mm is carried out jumping-up with the rod member head jumping-up of diameter 16mm to the size and shape that blank requires, upset ratio is 87/16=5.43, the maximum upset ratio 2.5 that allows considerably beyond common jumping-up.In the present invention, preferably, the height in design jumping-up chamber is 30.8mm, so that therefore actual upset, in the upsetting process, can not produce the jumping-up folded deformation than for 30.8/16=1.925≤2.5.By moving downward of equipment, drift 8 continuous extrded materials move downward, and are expressed in the Upsetting district, finish upsetting process.By jumping-up, it is increasing that diameter will become material in the jumping-up chamber because of constantly simultaneously, thereby so that upset ratio becomes more and more less, therefore, more can not produce the phenomenons such as jumping-up folded deformation in the process of extruding jumping-up, until equipment runs to lower dead center.
Further, in carrying out head jumping-up processing step process, because drift 8 is to continue extruding blank to be upsetting, until drift 8 moves to the default lower dead center in jumping-up chamber, thereby once finish extruding jumping-up technique to blank.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that and use common method for upsetting, impossible upsetting formation needs two to three times jumping-up at least, just can reach requirement, otherwise blank will produce forging folds.In the present invention, adopted in conjunction with the process of extruding with jumping-up, only need once push the size and shape that jumping-up just can reach the forging requirement, even the overall upset ratio of blank (the jumping-up ratio generally of the blank jumping-up in the jumping-up technique that the present invention carries out, be the blank overall length and the ratio of blank diameter) surpassed one times of limit upset ratio nearly, forging defect can not appear.
Further, the blank after finishing the present embodiment jumping-up technique is carried out in the Forging Technology process, only the head of the blank behind the jumping-up carried out conducting forging processing.Because the restriction of mould, behind the blank jumping-up except the head jumping-up other parts the situation that overlap etc. needs conducting forging processing does not occur, therefore only need head to blank carry out conducting forging processing in extruding jumping-up process provided by the invention and can reach required technological requirement.
In addition, the spherical shell part uses extruding heading technique, has satisfied the condition of local forging, namely the head of blank carried out the part forging, and bar section adopts cold bending.The stock utilization of forging brings up to 94.4% from original 66%, every can economical with materials 0.23kg, can the economical with materials expense 1.04 yuan, forging line reduces to 3 people from 7 original people, use equipment from one of original forging roll, rush 1 of 3 in car and 400T friction press, be reduced to 1 of 2 of punch presses and 300t hydraulic press, intermediate-frequency heating furnace power is reduced to 50kw from original 150kw.Greatly reduced equipment cost, grid electricity fee cost and the workman's cost produced, total can reduce expenses 1.89 yuan/more than the part, annually can save 37.8 ten thousand yuan of costs by 200,000 calculating of production part of the same race, have very large economic benefit.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is pushed upsetting mold, comprising:
The cope match-plate pattern assembly, it is arranged on the top of mould;
The lower bolster assembly, it is arranged on the bottom of mould;
Drift, it is fixed on the described cope match-plate pattern assembly;
It is characterized in that, also comprise:
Core rod, described core rod is comprised of upper mold core and lower mold core;
Described upper mold core is connected on the described cope match-plate pattern assembly, and can move up and down by relatively described cope match-plate pattern assembly, be provided with a upper blowing through hole that is complementary with blank to be upsetting below corresponding with described drift, on described the blowing through hole below, described upper mold core bottom fovea superior forms first jumping-up chamber;
Described lower mold core is arranged on the described lower bolster assembly, below corresponding with described first jumping-up chamber, second jumping-up chamber of the recessed formation in described lower mold core top, the below in described second jumping-up chamber is provided with corresponding with a described upper blowing through hole material through hole of transferring, described upper blowing through hole with transfer material through hole and form the blowing through hole;
The jumping-up chamber, it is by described first jumping-up chamber and second jumping-up chamber closed formation matchingly, and the ratio of the inner body height in described jumping-up chamber and the diameter of blowing through hole is less than the limit upset ratio of blank to be upsetting;
The volume in described jumping-up chamber is V, and the sectional area of described blowing through hole is that S, diameter are D, and the limit upset ratio of blank to be upsetting is K
1, V 〉=S * D * K then
1
2. extruding upsetting mold according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with spring between described upper mold core and cope match-plate pattern assembly, and described spring props up up and down described upper mold core and cope match-plate pattern assembly and is in compressive state.
3. extruding upsetting mold according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described upper mold core is connected on the described cope match-plate pattern assembly by some bolts, the bottom of described bolt and described upper mold core fix, the top of described bolt and described cope match-plate pattern assembly are flexibly connected, so that the relatively described cope match-plate pattern assembly of described upper mold core can move up and down.
4. extruding upsetting mold according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described lower bolster assembly withstands blank to be upsetting by an ejector beam is set.
5. extruding upsetting mold according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the ratio of the inner body height in described jumping-up chamber and the diameter of blank to be upsetting is less than or equal to 2.5.
6. extruding upsetting mold according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the ratio of the inner body height in described jumping-up chamber and the diameter of blank to be upsetting is less than or equal to 2.2.
7. a jumping-up process is characterized in that, uses and carries out jumping-up according to each described extruding upsetting mold in the claims 1 to 6, and it may further comprise the steps:
Blanking: according to one section length-specific of needs intercepting of forging product and the blank to be upsetting in cross section;
Heating: need the part of jumping-up to heat blank to be upsetting;
Blowing: blank to be upsetting put into transfer material through hole, described upper mold core is down moved until closed with described lower mold core;
Jumping-up: described drift moves downward and pushes blank to be upsetting, and after jumping-up was finished, described cope match-plate pattern assembly drove described upper mold core and moves upward and carry out die sinking, takes out the complete blank of jumping-up in the die sinking situation.
8. jumping-up process according to claim 7 is characterized in that, in carrying out described jumping-up processing step process, described drift continues extruding blank to be upsetting, until described drift moves to the default lower dead center in described jumping-up chamber.
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| CN 201010218531 CN101912939B (en) | 2010-06-29 | 2010-06-29 | Extruding, upsetting and moulding die and corresponding upsetting method |
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| CN 201010218531 CN101912939B (en) | 2010-06-29 | 2010-06-29 | Extruding, upsetting and moulding die and corresponding upsetting method |
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| CN101912939B true CN101912939B (en) | 2013-01-02 |
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