CN104384413A - Forging method of LD wrought aluminum - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a forging method of LD wrought aluminum and relates to the field of mechanical forging. The method comprises the following steps of (1) performing uniform heating, namely raising the temperature of a forging blank to 100-180 DEG C along with a mold, maintaining the temperature for 30-60 minutes, raising the temperature to 400-500 DEG C at the temperature rise speed of 50-80 DEG C/h, and maintaining the temperature for 70-110 minutes; (2) performing forge forming under the conditions that the forge starting temperature is 420-500 DEG C and the forge ending temperature is 320-400 DEG C, performing repeated pier-pulling for 5-8 times to enable the forging ratio K to be greater than 5 and smaller than 10, and maintaining the forge ending temperature for 70-110 minutes; (3) performing cooling, namely lowering the temperature to 100-150 DEG C at the temperature lowering speed of 45-70 DEG C/h, maintaining the temperature for 20-40 minutes, cooling to 50-65 DEG C at the temperature lowering speed of 15-30 DEG C/h, and maintaining the temperature for 60-90 minutes. According to the three steps, the problems that the selection requirement of the mold is over-high and the mold is easy to secondarily deform are solved, the product accuracy is high, and the quality is good.

Description

A kind of forging method of LD wrought aluminium

Technical field

The present invention relates to mechanical forging field, be specifically related to a kind of forging method of LD wrought aluminium.

  

Background technology

Forging is under the effect of forging equipment and mould, make blank or foundry goods produce plastic deformation, to obtain the processing method of the forging of certain physical dimension, shape and quality.For complex-shaped part, existing Forging Technology need carry out time forging of many fire to blank, i.e. heating for multiple times forging, open forging temperature normally under the prerequisite meeting final forging temperature, rule of thumb formulate, between different fire time to open forging variations in temperature general less, application notification number is CN 102950234 U, the application day for announcing is on March 6th, 2013, patent name is the patent of invention of the forging method of wrought aluminium alloy, forged by High Temperature Pre and finish-forging on this basis, there is subgrain percentage higher, the feature that size is less, thus raising alloy property, but gradient of temperature process, it is a kind of great change process, variations in temperature is too fast is easy to the structural change causing mould and forging, the selection of mould requires too high, and because aluminium alloy dirk temperature is higher and intensity is lower, thin-walled is in ejection process and is easy to secondary deformation occurs, thus reduces precision and the quality of forging products.

  

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide the forging method of the LD wrought aluminium that mould requirement is low, Product Precision is high.

For achieving the above object, the technical scheme of technical solution problem of the present invention is: a kind of forging method of LD wrought aluminium, comprises homogeneous heating, forging and molding and cooling, the steps include:

(1) homogeneous heating: forging embryo is warmed up to 100-180 DEG C with mould, keeps 30-60 minutes, then with the programming rate of 50-80 DEG C/h, is warming up to 400-500 DEG C, keep 70-110 minutes;

(2) forging and molding: open forging temperature and be 420-500 DEG C, final forging temperature is 320-400 DEG C, and pier pulls out 5-8 times repeatedly, makes forging ratio 5<K<10, keeps 70-110 minutes under final forging temperature;

(3) cool: with the cooling rate of 45-60 DEG C/h, be cooled to 100-150 DEG C, keep 20-40 minutes, then be cooled to 50-65 DEG C with the cooling rate of 15-30 DEG C/h, and keep 60-90 minutes.

Preferably, described forging method also comprises the aided process before forging.

Preferably, described aided process comprises:

(1) preheated mold: use Far infrared heating plate, be supported between upper/lower die with steelframe, the heat insulation tampon of surrounding is filled into row heating, with ramp to 70-100 DEG C of heating of 20-30 DEG C/h;

(2) clean: adopt water jet mode, utilize the percussion of high-pressure water jet and the corrosion of hydroskis action breaks down and coating to the adhesive force of steel part;

(3) pre-treatment.

Preferably, described pre-treatment comprises

(1) chamfered edge: use YT15 hard alloy cutter to process, the angle of wedge 40-60 of cutter is spent;

(2) chamfering: the chamfering using forming broach and milling cutter processing;

Preferably, described forging method also comprises the finishing procedure after forging.

Preferably, described finishing procedure comprises:

(1) measure: use the measuring system be made up of light source, ccd sensor, image pick-up card and software to carry out precision measure;

(2) low-grade fever: the temperature of low-grade fever is 90-110 DEG C, the time of low-grade fever is 90-120 minutes;

(3) inching: at the temperature of low-grade fever, carries out surface flatness, corner angle and position dimension etc. to product and adjusts.

Beneficial effect: adopt technical scheme of the present invention, when carrying out (1) homogeneous heating, heat stepwise, first be heated to 100-180 DEG C, again to be heated to again with the programming rate of 50-80 DEG C/h, be warming up to 400-500 DEG C, the speed of heating that segmented heating method and use comparatively relax is heated, slow down the great change process of temperature, reduce the requirement of the ability to bear to mould and forging, ensure that the structural intergrity of mould and forging, on this basis, carry out (2) forging and molding, 5-8 times are pulled out by pier repeatedly, effective increase is known clearly the stability of forging, reduce the probability that secondary deformation occurs, improve precision and the quality of forging products, carry out (3) cooling, secondary segmenting is lowered the temperature, with the cooling rate of 45-60 DEG C/h, be cooled to 100-150 DEG C, 50-65 DEG C are cooled to again with the cooling rate of 15-30 DEG C/h, divide two sections of coolings, high temperature section and low-temperature zone, less during speed relatively-high temperature section during low-temperature zone, wrought aluminium is shaped there is an effective buffering effect, not easily produce secondary deformation, ensure that the quality of product.

The object of aided process is the forging before carrying out preliminary treatment forging and the adjustment process to mould, and thick step removes the factor that some affect product quality and precision, such as, and the Preheating of mould, the impurity on forging surface, the problem at rib and angle.

Aided process passes through preheated mold, clean and and pre-treatment three step preparatory processing is carried out to forging: (1) preheated mold: use Far infrared heating plate, be supported between upper/lower die with steelframe, the heat insulation tampon of surrounding is filled into row heating, after mould is had when forging, not easily there is deformation due to the great change of temperature in process in each buffering course; (2) clean: adopt water jet mode, utilize the percussion of high-pressure water jet and the corrosion of hydroskis action breaks down and coating to the adhesive force of steel part, ensure the cleaning on forging surface, make it in the process of forging, less impurity can incorporate in the structure of forging in period, destroys the architectural characteristic of forging, make the characteristic change of its script, this method has the feature of no dust pollution, not disfiguring workpiece, substantially increases operating efficiency, and quality is good.(3) pre-treatment: by pre-treatment, makes the corner angle etc. of forging have the processing of thick step, and the probability that forging corner angle etc. when forging are gone wrong reduces greatly.

Pre-thermal deformation field, comprises chamfered edge and chamfering two step, (1) chamfered edge: use YT15 hard alloy cutter to process, this cutter tool strength is good relative to other cutters, precision machining, and the angle of wedge is less, the less tool strength of the cutter angle of wedge is poorer, therefore, want to increase tool strength, only make angle of wedge value increase, select the angle of wedge 40-60 of cutter to spend, be applicable to aluminium forging.(2) chamfering: the chamfering using forming broach and milling cutter processing, the range of work is large, is applicable to multiple processing request.

Finishing procedure passes through after forging process for fuel cooling, by measurement, low-grade fever and a series of mode of inching, in order to improve the operation of forging ' s block dimension and positional precision.

Finishing procedure comprises measurement, low-grade fever and inching three step, (1) measure: use by light source, ccd sensor, the measuring system of image pick-up card and software composition carries out precision measure, there is precision high, measure feature accurately, the problem analysis of energy storage problem, for follow-up addressing these problems provides valuable data, (2) low-grade fever: the temperature of low-grade fever is 90-110 DEG C, the time of low-grade fever is 90-120 minutes, (3) inching: at the temperature of low-grade fever, surface flatness is carried out to product, corner angle and position dimension etc. carry out adjusting by carrying out precision measure to the forging after forging, thus improve the precision of product size and position, also effectively improve product quality and productivity ratio.

  

Detailed description of the invention

embodiment 1:

First carry out the forging before aided process preliminary treatment forging and to mould, be divided into three steps (1) preheated mold: use Far infrared heating plate, be supported between upper/lower die with steelframe, the heat insulation tampon of surrounding is filled into row heating, with the ramp to 80 DEG C of heating of 20 DEG C/h.(2) clean: adopt water jet mode clean surface, (3) pre-treatment: use YT15 hard alloy cutter to carry out chamfered edge, forming broach and milling cutter is used to carry out chamfering; Then the first step of forging is carried out, homogeneous heating: forging embryo is warmed up to 120 DEG C with mould, keep 40 minutes, again with the programming rate of 55 DEG C/h, be warming up to 420 DEG C, keep 80 minutes, then carry out second step, forging and molding: opening forging temperature is 420 DEG C, final forging temperature is 320 DEG C, and pier pulls out 5 times repeatedly, makes forging ratio K=6, keep 80 minutes under final forging temperature, then the 3rd step is carried out, cooling: with the cooling rate of 45 DEG C/h, be cooled to 110 DEG C, keep 25 minutes, then be cooled to 50 DEG C with the cooling rate of 15 DEG C/h; Finally, carry out finishing procedure, be divided into three steps, (1) is measured: use the measuring system be made up of light source, ccd sensor, image pick-up card and software to carry out precision measure, (2) low-grade fever: the temperature of low-grade fever is 90 DEG C, the time of low-grade fever is 90 minutes.(3) inching: at the temperature of low-grade fever, carries out surface flatness, corner angle and position dimension etc. to product and adjusts.

embodiment 2:

Embodiment 1 is repeated by described same steps, difference is: preheated mold is with the ramp to 90 DEG C of heating of 25 DEG C/h, homogeneous heating: forging embryo is warmed up to 140 DEG C with mould, keep 50 minutes, again with the programming rate of 60 DEG C/h, be warming up to 460 DEG C, keep 90 minutes, forging and molding: opening forging temperature is 460 DEG C, final forging temperature is 360 DEG C, pier pulls out 6 times repeatedly, make forging ratio K=7, keep 90 minutes under final forging temperature, cooling: with the cooling rate of 50 DEG C/h, be cooled to 120 DEG C, keep 35 minutes, 60 DEG C are cooled to again with the cooling rate of 20 DEG C/h.Finally, carry out finishing procedure, wherein the temperature of low-grade fever is 100 DEG C, and the time of low-grade fever is 100 minutes.

embodiment 3:

Embodiment 1 is repeated by described same steps, difference is: preheated mold is with the ramp to 90 DEG C of heating of 25 DEG C/h, homogeneous heating: forging embryo is warmed up to 160 DEG C with mould, keep 70 minutes, again with the programming rate of 70 DEG C/h, be warming up to 480 DEG C, keep 100 minutes, forging and molding: opening forging temperature is 480 DEG C, final forging temperature is 380 DEG C, pier pulls out 8 times repeatedly, make forging ratio K=9, keep 100 minutes under final forging temperature, cooling: with the cooling rate of 60 DEG C/h, be cooled to 140 DEG C, keep 40 minutes, 65 DEG C are cooled to again with the cooling rate of 30 DEG C/h.Finally, carry out finishing procedure, wherein the temperature of low-grade fever is 110 DEG C, and the time of low-grade fever is 110 minutes.

After above PROCESS FOR TREATMENT, take out LD10 wrought aluminium sample respectively, measurement result is as follows:

Test item	Embodiment 1	Embodiment 2	Embodiment 3	Standard high-class product
					Power resistance strength (Mpa)	379	388	372	370
Yield strength (Mpa)	238	244	235	230
					Percentage elongation (%)	15	17	12	10

The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.

  

Claims (6)

1. a forging method for LD wrought aluminium, is characterized in that, comprise the steps into:

(1) homogeneous heating: forging embryo is warmed up to 100-180 DEG C with mould, keeps 30-60 minutes, then with the programming rate of 50-80 DEG C/h, is warming up to 400-500 DEG C, keep 70-110 minutes;

(2) forging and molding: open forging temperature and be 420-500 DEG C, final forging temperature is 320-400 DEG C, and pier pulls out 5-8 times repeatedly, makes forging ratio 5<K<10, keeps 70-110 minutes under final forging temperature;

(3) cool: with the cooling rate of 45-70 DEG C/h, be cooled to 100-150 DEG C, keep 20-40 minutes, then be cooled to 50-65 DEG C with the cooling rate of 15-30 DEG C/h, and keep 60-90 minutes.

2. the forging method of a kind of LD wrought aluminium according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described forging method also comprises the aided process before forging.

3. the forging method of a kind of LD wrought aluminium according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described aided process comprises:

(1) preheated mold: use Far infrared heating plate, be supported between upper/lower die with steelframe, the heat insulation tampon of surrounding is filled into row heating, with ramp to 70-100 DEG C of heating of 20 DEG C/h;

(2) clean: adopt water jet mode, utilize the percussion of high-pressure water jet and the corrosion of hydroskis action breaks down and coating to the adhesive force of steel part

(3) pre-treatment.

4. the forging method of a kind of LD wrought aluminium according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described pre-treatment comprises:

(1) chamfered edge: use YT15 hard alloy cutter to process, the angle of wedge 40-60 of cutter is spent;

(2) chamfering: use polishing machine to complete the chamfering of hairbrush polishing.

5. the forging method of a kind of LD wrought aluminium according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described forging method also comprises the finishing procedure after forging.

6. the forging method of a kind of LD wrought aluminium according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described finishing procedure comprises:

(1) measure: use the measuring system be made up of light source, ccd sensor, image pick-up card and software to carry out precision measure;

(2) low-grade fever: the temperature of low-grade fever is 90-110 DEG C, the time of low-grade fever is 90-120 minutes;

(3) inching: at the temperature of low-grade fever, carries out surface flatness, corner angle and position dimension etc. to product and adjusts.