CN104377815A - Relaying protection equipment on-line monitoring method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a relaying protection equipment on-line monitoring method. The relaying protection equipment on-line monitoring method includes the following four steps: (201) a time series obtained through calculation at current time serves as input to calculate characteristic values of an index time series; (202) a weighted average factor of the index characteristic values is calculated, wherein the calculation method is characterized in that a pre-input weighted average factor or a dynamic weighted average factor obtained through deduction learning with a neural network method according to historical data is adopted; (203) a weighted average is calculated through the index characteristic values according to the corresponding weighted average factor, and the weighted average is formatted to enable the weighted average to be a wellness value ranging from 0 to 100; (204) whether the wellness degree excesses the limit or not is judged according to a preset health degree alarm threshold value, an alarm is given out if the wellness degree excesses the limit, and an operation and maintenance worker is notified. By means of the relaying protection equipment on-line monitoring method, the problem that the state of relaying protection equipment in a conventional integrated automation substation is difficult to monitor is solved.
Description
Patent application of the present invention is the divisional application of a kind of invention and created name " method using communication process analysis to realize relay protection device on-line monitoring ", and the applying date of original application is on January 8th, 2014, and application number is 2014100091829.
Technical field
The present invention relates to relay protection device on-line monitoring technique.
Background technology
Repair based on condition of component is the important development direction that current electric equipment dimension service work mode is changed, and one of key element realizing repair based on condition of component is the on-line monitoring and the state estimation that realize electrical device status.In electric power system, primary equipment is (as transformer, circuit breaker, capacitor etc.) on-line condition monitoring techniques and methods reach its maturity, on-line monitoring system becomes the standard configuration of mesohigh power transmission and transforming equipment gradually, and being representative with microcomputer protective relay and synthesis observe and control device, smart machine (IED) Condition Monitoring Technology is just at the early-stage, detection means main at present rests on the offline inspection under power down mode mostly, as utilized the turn(a)round periodically or after breaking down, adopt specific detecting instrument to the AC measurment system of smart machine, DC operation and signal system, Logic judgment system, communication system and bonding subsystem and element etc. carry out offline inspection.
Along with the development of Microcomputer Protection and microcomputer automatics self-diagnosis technology, particularly the development of digital intelligent transformer station technology is perfect, and the status monitoring for smart machine has established solid technical foundation.At present for integrated automation converting station, the Main Means implementing status monitoring utilizes the state of self-diagnostic function that in protective device, each module has and output thereof to launch.Such as, utilize the diagnostic program that device manufacturer provides, inspection diagnosis is carried out to the plug-in unit such as power supply, CPU, I/O interface, A/D conversion, memory of device, adopt the method for the fault tests such as comparison method, compiling method, check addition, watchdog timer method, tagged word method, automatically test each equipment and parts.But; owing to lacking the industry standard of unified comprehensive automation smart machine on-line condition monitoring; smart machine self-diagnostic function and the outputting standard disunities such as each manufacturer protection and measurement and control; the application of these self-diagnosis informations is mainly the maintenance of offline mode and calibrating provides auxiliary automatic means; part is as alarm signal; enter SCADA system, be not well positioned to meet the needs of smart machine on-line condition monitoring and assessment.
One of key character of smart machine is that it has ability to communicate, in comprehensive automation system of transformer substation, the smart machine such as relay protection, observing and controlling adopts industrial bus technology, form automatic control communication network together with telecontrol equipment and background monitoring computer, the performance of electric substation's monitoring function places one's entire reliance upon the normal performance of each element function in this network.In fact, function or the performance of the smart machines such as the relay protection related in system, observing and controlling and telemechanical break down, to be embodied directly in the change of automated system communication network associated communication performance parameter, as network traffics, the error rate and delay time etc., therefore, maintainer is often through specific tool analysis communication packet for dimension, judges the behavior difference of associated communication feature and expection, and then the reason of the operating state of assessment automated system and trouble-shooting generation.Although the communication function of some SCADA system can extract relevant communication characteristic parameter automatically, be only limitted to the performance evaluation of SCADA system self.
At present, there is investigation and application, utilize transformer station's communication network performance index, as network traffics, the error rate etc., the anti-performance pushing away the smart machine forming automation communication network, but these indexs are general network performance index, do not associate with the functional characteristics of smart machine, although the performance of smart machine partly can be reflected, the technical indicator of smart machine on-line checkingi can not be used as.In the GOOSE communications protocol of digital automation transformer station standard IEC 61850, define the functional performance index of reflection relay protection device, the index of the on-line checkingi of relay protection intelligent equipment has been used as by some investigation and application, but for most of traditional transformer station, the smart machines such as the microcomputer protective relay of non-IEC61850 standard, also lack the index system of on-line checkingi, and the method for on-line automatic calculating and evaluation index system, thus cause the means implementing this kind of relay protection devices on-line checkingi to lack, also do not set up relevant on-line monitoring application system.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is just to provide a kind of relay protection device on-line monitoring method; alleviate the working strength of manual analysis communication packet, assessment smart machine performance deficiency; shorten working hours and promote assessment and the accuracy of judgment means fault; effectively eliminate the potential potential safety hazard of the smart machines such as relay protection; reduce the power failure risk because secondary device defect causes, be conducive to the reliability promoting electric power system.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of relay protection device on-line monitoring method, comprises following 4 steps:
The time series that step 201 calculates with current time is input parameter seasonal effect in time series characteristic value; The weighted average coefficients of step 202 parameter characteristic value, computational methods are adopt the weighted average coefficients pre-entered or the dynamic weighting mean coefficient obtained by neural net method deduction study according to historical data;
Each index feature value by corresponding weighted average coefficients, is calculated weighted average, and is formatted as the health value between 0 ~ 100 by step 203;
Step 204, by the health degree alarm threshold value preset, judges that whether health degree is out-of-limit, if out-of-limit, then produces alarm, and notify operation maintenance personnel.
Preferably, the mode of alarm notification in step 204, adopts the mode of backstage man-machine interface notice or adopts the mode of short message alarm.
The present invention is directed to traditional integrated automation of transformation stations relay equipment; utilization has ability to communicate; and form the feature of automation communication network in a particular application; by building the communication monitoring mechanism independent of automated system; and the functional performance characteristic parameter of On-line testing reflection relay protection devices health status; realize the on-line monitoring of relay protection devices, for the secondary device on-line monitoring systems such as conventional integrated automation converting station protective relaying device build, provide a kind of brand-new implementation method.
By use of the present invention, solve the problem of (1) conventional Comprehensive Automation Substation relay protection device status monitoring difficulty; (2) because the smart machine hydraulic performance declines such as relay protection can not Timeliness coverage, the problem that the smart machine such as relay protection and observing and controlling function and whole electric substation monitoring function can not normally play is caused.
Adopt the beneficial effect after the present invention: (1) is monitored by communication and analyzed, the on-line automatic associated communication parameter extracting reflection apparatus function performance, greatly can alleviate the working strength of manual analysis communication packet, assessment smart machine performance deficiency, shorten working hours and promotes and assess and the accuracy of judgment means fault; (2) by the continuous monitoring to device of substation intelligent in 7*24 hour and analysis, the performance deficiency that the smart machines such as relay protection exist can be found in time, and by alarming mechanism notice dimension maintainer, can effectively eliminate the potential potential safety hazard of the smart machines such as relay protection, reduce the power failure risk because secondary device defect causes, be conducive to the reliability promoting electric power system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is relay equipment on-line monitoring index extraction flow chart;
Fig. 2 is relay equipment state estimation flow chart.
Embodiment
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide the method for a kind of relaying protection performance index in line computation and assessment, and it comprises online monitoring index and automatically extracts and calculate and protective relaying device online evaluation two steps, wherein, the process that on-line monitoring index is automatically extracted and calculated is: first, for the general character communication function that protective relaying device has, builds the on-line checkingi index system with time correlation, next, by the time interval of setting, calculate once the Testing index in above-mentioned on-line checkingi index system, how in the future to add up, form a time series, this time series ETj represents, the process of protective relaying device online evaluation is: first, for time series ETj, go matching with straight line, by the slope of digital simulation straight line, becomes the numerical value between-1 to 1 after normalization, and this numerical value Ei represents the characteristic value as describing for index, then, multiple index feature value is weighted on average by certain weight, dimensionless group between forming one 0 ~ 1, this dimensionless group Ed represents, this dimensionless group represents the degree of protective relaying device hydraulic performance decline, represent that protective relaying device is in definitely intact state with 100, (1-Ed) * 100 is so used to represent the health degree of protective relaying device, this health degree H represents, H is the value between 0 ~ 100, more represent that the health degree of relay protection devices is better close to 100, contrary more poorer close to 0 expression health status, 0 indication equipment is in cannot operating state, by setting the lower limit of health degree, as alarm conditions, when health degree is less than this threshold values, produce an alarm, remind dimension maintainer, need to carry out maintenance maintenance to relay protection devices.
For versatility and the automatic consideration calculated; on-line monitoring index system is selected to need to associate with the communications protocol of employing with the function of relay protection device; energy reaction time change to attributes, and be applicable to the mode adopting communication monitoring, automatic continuous extraction from the communication packet monitored.Based on this thinking; the present invention is first for the communications protocol that relaying protection is conventional; establish the incidence relation between on-line monitoring index and associated communication message characteristic code; the condition code of association message is captured by coupling; automatic calculating on-line monitoring index; form the time series of index, as shown in Figure 1.For the time series of each index; adopt specific assessment algorithm; computing time sequence characteristic value; for the characteristic value of multiple index; average weighted method is adopted to calculate the health degree of reflection relay protection device health status; and by the threshold values preset, produce alarm when health degree exceeds threshold values, to reach the effect that relay equipment running status is estimated.As shown in Figure 2.
Above-mentioned relaying protection performance index are in the method for line computation and assessment, and on-line monitoring index is automatically extracted and calculated and protective relaying device online evaluation two steps are specially.
As shown in Figure 1, on-line monitoring index is automatically extracted and is comprised following 6 steps with computational process:
Step 101 determines type and the protocol type of protective relaying device, usually by the mode of configuration, pre-defined;
Step 102, according to the type of protective relaying device and protocol type, reads stipulations condition code corresponding to index of correlation, index and account form from predefined " protective relaying device index and stipulations feature database ".
Step 103 captures communication packet, the mode that Grasp Modes can adopt communication to monitor, and to the message grabbed by stipulations frame format, forms whole frame, stamp timestamp to every frame by the crawl time.
The step 104 stipulations condition code corresponding with on-line monitoring index is mated, and the match is successful, records the timestamp of coupling frame.
Step 105 presses index calculate mode, judges whether to meet index calculate condition, if do not met, then returns 103 steps, continues to capture message, if met, then enters 106 steps.
Step 106 parameter value, the value calculated is stamped and calculates moment markers, as a time series point, to be saved in index time series (preservation count the point operating and preset time, remove the point preserved at first), and return step 103, continue to calculate next time series index point.
As Fig. 2. shown in, the process of protective relaying device online evaluation comprises following 4 steps:
The time series that step 201 calculates with current time is input, parameter seasonal effect in time series characteristic value, and computational methods can be the linear regression methods of standard, also can be other linear fit method;
The weighted average coefficients of step 202 parameter characteristic value, computational methods can be simply adopt the weighted average coefficients pre-entered, and also can be to be deduced according to historical data the dynamic weighting mean coefficient learning to obtain by neural net method.
Each index feature value by corresponding weighted average coefficients, is calculated weighted average, and is formatted as the health value between 0 ~ 100 by step 203.
Step 204, by the alarm threshold value preset, judges that whether health value is out-of-limit, if out-of-limit, then produces alarm, and adopts suitable mode to notify operation maintenance personnel.The mode of alarm notification, can adopt the mode of backstage man-machine interface notice, also can adopt the mode of short message alarm.
Based on the consideration of versatility, first the present invention has following general character communication function for protective relaying device:
(1) periodically export relaying protection measuring value, comprise remote measurement, remote signalling value.
(2) when there is trip protection or other alarm events, target sequential affair record (SOE) when being with is exported.
(3) order is established in the remote control/distant performing main website;
(4) the calling order of response monitoring system, returns definite value or the remote measure and communication all data of protective relaying device.
Construct the on-line checkingi index system with time correlation.Comprise:
(1) the average transmission cycle of remote measure and communication.Use the relaying protection of different communication protocol, may send remote measurement and remote signalling message by the different cycles, as adopted the communication protocol of IEC103, remote measurement message periodically sends, and remote signalling etc. need to return by always calling again.And the CSC2000 communications protocol of four directions, Beijing company, then by different communication packets, periodically send remote measurement and remote signalling data, in this case, need, for transmission message classification, to build multiple average transmission cycle monitoring index.
(2) the SOE average delay time; when protective relaying device record after SOE; initiatively can be sent to supervisory control system; the time that message sends and the time (markers of SOE) that SOE produces have a time difference; the mean value of multiple this time difference, constitutes protective relaying device SOE average delay monitoring index.
(3) guidance command average performance times; the execution of guidance command, generally adopts the communication process of inquiry/response to complete, and has a time difference between these two orders; the mean value of the time difference of multiple this kind of order, constitutes protective relaying device guidance command average performance times monitoring index.
(4) order average response time is called, similar with control command, calling order generally adopts inquiry/answering to complete, by calculating the mean value of the query responding time difference of multiple calling order, calling order average response time index can be obtained, on average to send cyclical indicator the same with remote measurement/remote signalling, if there is multiple calling to order, can arrange the average response time monitoring index of multiple correspondence.
Under normal circumstances, these indexs of protective relaying device can change near a fiducial value.If by certain time interval, such as 1 day, calculate a These parameters, how in the future to add up, just can define a time series (representing with ETj), be placed in " time m-desired value " coordinate system, its variation tendency should close to a stable straight line.If these indexs continue to rise, mean the hydraulic performance decline of protective relaying device, health degree reduces.Therefore, for the time series of desired value, matching can be gone with straight line, by the slope of digital simulation straight line, after normalization, become the numerical value (representing with Ei) between (-1,1), as the characteristic value described for index.The characteristic value of multiple index; can be weighted by certain weight on average; dimensionless group (representing with Ed) between forming one 0 ~ 1; this parameter represents the degree of protective relaying device hydraulic performance decline; if represent that protective relaying device is in definitely intact state with 100, the health degree (representing with H) of protective relaying device so can be represented with (1-Ed) * 100.H is the value between 0 ~ 100, more represents that the health degree of relay protection devices is better close to 100, and more represent that health status is poorer close to 0 on the contrary, 0 indication equipment is in cannot operating state.Therefore, can by the lower limit of setting health degree, as being set as, 60 as alarm conditions, when health degree is less than this threshold values, produce an alarm, remind dimension maintainer, need to carry out maintenance maintenance to relay protection devices.By this method, the object to protective relaying device on-line checkingi is reached.
In above-mentioned on-line checkingi implementation process, three problems are also had to need to solve:
The first, how the value of ETj is automatically calculated?
Does the second, how fitting index time series, obtain Ei?
Three, the weight of Ei how is selected, to synthesize health degree H?
For first problem, the present invention adopts the mode of the real-time communication message monitored between background monitoring system and relaying protection, utilizes index and communication packet to have incidence relation, adopts different computational logics automatically to calculate for different indexs.For four directions, Beijing company relaying protection communication protocol CSC2000, after relay equipment normally runs, can by the cycle of setting, such as 10 seconds, periodically above send out full remote measurement, full remote signalling or remote measure and communication mixing message.CSC2000 agreement distinguishes this kind of message by " type of message code 0x30 "+" data type code ", for full remote signalling, data type code is 0x07, for full remote measurement, data type code can be 0x20 ~ 0x2F or 0x30 ~ 0x3F, and for remote measurement/remote signalling mixing message, data type can be 0x40 ~ 4E or 0x50 ~ 0x5F or 0x60 ~ 60F.Relative process is as follows:
1.1 systems stay ground captures communication packet, and automatically type of message and data type code to be mated, when match deliver newspaper literary composition a cycle time, system makes a mark, and the time stamp value that record receives,
If the message that 1.2 have matched an identical type above, and centre is not inserted order/SOE/ and is called message, then obtain a monitoring index by the markers of a markers-upper similar message of nearest message and calculate middle point value, and this value is saved temporarily.
1.3 in the cycle that one presets, as 1 hour, inside by the 1.2nd) step can calculate multiple index median, these values calculated to do sums average, namely defines the desired value ETj. at given time
Because communication monitoring technique is mature technology, therefore said process can be completed by system completely automatically in manual intervention.For the different communication protocol of use; the protective relaying device that type is different; index and communication protocol message characteristic code and account form can be organized in advance; be kept in " relaying protection performance index and stipulations feature database ", aforesaid like this index On-line testing and computational methods just have versatility.
For the problem by ETj the Fitting Calculation Ei, a lot of method can be had, the present invention adopts linear regression method, to obtain the markers of ETj as X-axle point, ETj value, as Y-axle point, adopts the linear regression method of standard, the slope of digital simulation straight line, and slope is converted to angle, then by asking the mode of dextrorotation value (sin), be converted to Ei.This is the value between-1 to 1, for the situation of <0, casts out and becomes 0, and like this, this value is larger, represents that the hydraulic performance decline for this index is faster, and this can reflect the performance state of protective relaying device well.
For the problem of multiple index feature value Ei being synthesized a health degree index H, the present invention adopts average weighted mode, carries out as follows:
2.1 calculate weighted average E=∑ CiEi, and wherein Ci is weighted average coefficients, can (1) according to each index of artificial judgment to the importance of health degree, preset; (2) also can on the basis of an initial value, adopt Artificial Neural Network, such as BP neural computing method, the self-adjusting ability of imparting system, deduces out each weight coefficient.
2.2 go out the health degree of protective relaying device by the formulae discovery of H=(1-E) * 100.
Claims (2)
1. a relay protection device on-line monitoring method, is characterized in that comprising following 4 steps:
The time series that step 201 calculates with current time is input parameter seasonal effect in time series characteristic value;
The weighted average coefficients of step 202 parameter characteristic value, computational methods are adopt the weighted average coefficients pre-entered or the dynamic weighting mean coefficient obtained by neural net method deduction study according to historical data;
Each index feature value by corresponding weighted average coefficients, is calculated weighted average, and is formatted as the health value between 0 ~ 100 by step 203;
Step 204, by the health degree alarm threshold value preset, judges that whether health degree is out-of-limit, if out-of-limit, then produces alarm, and notify operation maintenance personnel.
2. a kind of relay protection device on-line monitoring method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mode of alarm notification in step 204, adopts the mode of backstage man-machine interface notice or adopts the mode of short message alarm.
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