CN106787169B - Method for diagnosing telemetering fault of transformer substation by using multiple data source comparison technology - Google Patents
Method for diagnosing telemetering fault of transformer substation by using multiple data source comparison technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for diagnosing a telemetering fault of a transformer substation by using a multi-data-source comparison technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for diagnosing a telemetering fault of a transformer substation, in particular to a method for diagnosing the telemetering fault of the transformer substation by using a multi-data-source comparison technology.
background
The power grid remote measurement data is the main basis of power grid dispatching command and power grid operation monitoring, the inaccurate remote measurement data directly influences the correct judgment of the power grid operation mode, and the power grid safety is seriously influenced, and particularly, the severity is more prominent when the conditions occur in systems with functions of remote or local automatic closed-loop control, such as reactive voltage automatic control (AVQC), Automatic Generation Control (AGC) and the like. At present, the more powerful the assessment of a power grid company on the telemetering data of a transformer substation, the higher and higher the requirement, and the urgent need for judging and diagnosing telemetering faults is.
The telemetering data has a large variation range and strong correlation, and whether telemetering is accurate or not is difficult to judge simply by a manual mode. The state estimation utilizes real-time information provided by a power grid SCADA (data acquisition and monitoring system) and a network topology analysis result to estimate and calculate bus voltage in the power grid and branch load flows of each line, a transformer and the like, and not only can detect and identify bad remote signaling states, but also can identify and eliminate wrong remote measurement data through comparison of the calculation result and an actual measurement value, so that the state estimation method is widely used for judging the remote measurement accuracy of a power grid EMS system. On one hand, because the state estimation method is based on power grid model parameter calculation and real-time data expansion, the accuracy of state estimation is affected by the testing method of the power grid model parameters and the refreshing speed of the real-time data, and further the judgment of the accuracy of the telemetering fault is affected, and on the other hand, because the transformer substation is a node of the power grid, the state estimation cannot be effectively applied to judge the telemetering fault of the transformer substation. Therefore, when the upper-level regulation and control center EMS system detects that telemetry is inaccurate by using methods such as state estimation, it is often difficult to implement a certain outgoing line of a specific substation, and in actual work, when substation operation and maintenance personnel find that telemetry data is abnormal, due to the lack of effective monitoring technical means, faults can only be analyzed by experience, and the blindness is large, so that fault removal is influenced, potential safety hazards are brought to high-efficiency operation of a power grid, and a method and a tool capable of automatically diagnosing and positioning telemetry faults at a substation level are urgently needed.
based on different application requirements, a modern substation usually establishes a plurality of control or protection systems with measurement functions, the measurement of the systems is transmitted in a substation automation system, the acquisition principles are different, and taking telemetry data as an example, the existing substation telemetry data acquisition principles mainly include three types: 1) sampling based on an integral principle: the remote measurement acquisition by utilizing multi-period average calculation has stable data and long data updating period; 2) data (PMU data) measured by using the synchronous vector is mainly sampled based on fundamental wave data of a power grid, so that the refreshing period is short, and the data accuracy is high; 3) protection measurement sampling based on the fourier series transformation principle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a method for automatically detecting various telemetering faults of intervals, including buses, main transformers, incoming lines and outgoing lines of a transformer substation and alarming at the transformer substation level, and provides an effective online monitoring method for diagnosing the telemetering faults of the transformer substation by using a multi-data-source comparison technology, which is independent of a transformer substation monitoring system, for diagnosing the telemetering faults and improving the telemetering qualification rate of transformer substation operation and maintenance personnel.
A method for diagnosing a telemetering fault of a transformer substation by a multi-data-source comparison technology comprises the following steps: firstly, predefining a list of remote measuring points to be monitored: the name of the remote measuring point is consistent with the remote measuring name and the unit of the transformer substation monitoring system, so that operation and maintenance personnel in the transformer substation can understand the output result of the system and quickly position the interval to which the remote measuring fault belongs;
Secondly, correlating the telemetering point with a communication point table of at least two devices with different acquisition principles, and defining a threshold value for judging a measuring point value with an error and a threshold value for allowing a time error; selecting one protocol with higher sampling precision as a reference value for comparison of multiple data sources;
Thirdly, respectively establishing a monitoring network for acquiring messages in real time from a communication network between a related device and a superior system by utilizing a communication monitoring technology; for a protocol adopting the Ethernet as a communication link, a communication message monitoring network is established in a mode of setting a mirror image port on a switch of the network, and for a protocol adopting an RS232 or RS485 bus technology as the communication link, the communication message monitoring network is established and obtained in a mode of connecting lines in parallel at a communication cable connecting terminal;
Fourthly, respectively acquiring communication messages from the monitoring network; in order to process the situation that a plurality of messages are received at the same time at a certain moment, a communication message buffer area needs to be arranged, and the communication messages received at the same time are marked with time marks and then are placed into the buffer area for being used and called in subsequent processing;
Fifthly, unpacking the received communication message according to a communication protocol between the relevant device and the superior system, respectively obtaining the transmission values of the remote measurement, adding the time mark of the obtained message and storing the obtained message into a state database;
Sixthly, respectively comparing the value of the measuring point obtained from the non-reference protocol with the value of the measuring point obtained from the reference protocol, and if the difference of the values does not exist, turning to the eighth step;
seventhly, generating remote measuring value abnormal alarm information for each difference, transmitting the related alarm information to a background remote measuring fault detection terminal for real-time monitoring, and storing the related information in an alarm database for later inquiry;
And step eight, judging whether the system operation needs to be ended, if so, ending the system, otherwise, turning to the step five.
According to the invention, for the same measuring point, data from different acquisition systems are collected at the transformer substation level, and the difference is compared, so that an effective online monitoring tool independent of a transformer substation monitoring system is provided for transformer substation operation and maintenance personnel to diagnose the telemetering fault and improve the telemetering qualification rate.
the invention also consists in:
in the second step, one protocol with higher sampling precision is selected as a reference value for comparison of multiple data sources, and a protocol based on power grid fundamental wave data sampling, shorter refreshing period and higher data accuracy is selected as a reference value for comparison.
the present invention may further perform the following operations before the comparison value of the sixth step: the method comprises the steps of firstly checking the latest refreshing time of a compared value of a remote measuring point and a reference value of the remote measuring point, and if the time difference is beyond the allowable refreshing time difference, calculating the difference of the values, thereby detecting whether the sampling device has a fault or not.
the alarm information in the seventh step is specifically as follows: the generated alarm information comprises a communication link corresponding to a protocol and identification information of a data sending device, so that an error source of telemetering abnormity is positioned, and the position of telemetering fault is judged; the alarm information also comprises the reason of the alarm, which is caused by untimely refreshing or difference of measurement values, so as to preliminarily judge whether the sensor has a problem or the sampling device has a problem; for an unattended transformer substation, the background telemetering fault detection terminal can be a fixed PC terminal and monitors whether telemetering faults exist in real time, and for an unattended transformer substation, the background telemetering fault detection terminal can adopt a mobile terminal and refers to historical alarm records when needed.
in summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
Compared with the method of adopting state estimation and the like in a power grid dispatching master station, the method for diagnosing the telemetering faults of the transformer substation by using the multi-data-source comparison technology has the following characteristics:
1. The method is deployed at the level of the transformer substation, the existing data source of the transformer substation is effectively utilized, the defect diagnosis principle is simple, the existence of telemetering faults can be detected, the fault source can be preliminarily positioned, and the most possible fault reasons are listed;
2. the related data source is transmitted in the automatic communication network of the transformer substation, the related data is obtained in a communication monitoring mode, the existing transformer substation communication network is not required to be changed, power failure and any additional test work are not required during implementation, and the implementation is convenient;
3. Online diagnosis and centralized alarm are carried out, the remote sensing defects are found in time, and the timeliness of remote sensing defect treatment is improved.
Drawings
fig. 1 is a flow chart of the operation of the method for diagnosing a telemetry fault of a substation by using the multiple data source comparison technology of the invention.
Fig. 2 is an architecture diagram of a system for diagnosing substation telemetry faults by using a multiple data source comparison technology according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention, with a first step of predefining a list of telemetry points to be monitored. The name of the remote measuring point is consistent with the remote measuring name and the unit of the transformer substation monitoring system, so that operation and maintenance personnel in the transformer substation can understand the output result of the system and quickly position the interval where the remote measuring fault belongs.
secondly, correlating the telemetering point with a communication point table of at least two devices with different acquisition principles, and defining a threshold value for judging a measuring point value with an error and a threshold value for allowing a time error; and selecting one protocol with higher sampling precision as a reference value for comparison of multiple data sources, for example, selecting a protocol based on power grid fundamental wave data sampling, shorter refreshing period and higher data accuracy as a reference value for comparison.
Thirdly, respectively establishing a monitoring network for acquiring messages in real time from a communication network between a related device and a superior system by utilizing a communication monitoring technology; for a protocol adopting the Ethernet as a communication link, a communication message monitoring network is established in a mode of setting a mirror image port on a switch of the network, and for a protocol adopting an RS232 or RS485 bus technology as the communication link, the communication message monitoring network is established and acquired in a mode of connecting lines in parallel on a communication cable connecting terminal.
Fourthly, respectively acquiring communication messages from the monitoring network; in order to process the situation that a plurality of messages are received at the same time at a certain moment, a communication message buffer area needs to be arranged, and the communication messages received at the same time are marked with time marks and then are placed into the buffer area for being used and called in subsequent processing;
fifthly, unpacking the received communication message according to a communication protocol between the relevant device and the superior system, respectively obtaining the transmission values of the remote measurement, adding the time mark of the obtained message and storing the obtained message into a state database;
Sixthly, comparing the value of the measuring point obtained from the non-reference protocol with the value of the measuring point obtained from the reference protocol, and turning to the eighth part if no difference exists in the values. If necessary, before comparing the values, firstly checking the latest refreshing time of the compared value of the remote measuring point and the reference value of the remote measuring point, if the time difference is outside the allowable refreshing time difference, calculating the difference of the values, and accordingly detecting whether the sampling device has a fault or not;
And seventhly, generating remote measuring value abnormal alarm information for each difference, transmitting the related alarm information to a background remote measuring fault detection terminal for real-time monitoring, and storing the related information in an alarm database for later inquiry. The generated alarm information comprises a communication link corresponding to a protocol and identification information of a data sending device, so that an error source of telemetering abnormity is positioned, and the position of telemetering fault is judged; the alarm information also comprises the reason of the alarm, and the reason is that the alarm is caused by untimely refreshing or difference of measurement values, so that whether the sensor has a problem or the sampling device has a problem is preliminarily judged. For an unattended transformer substation, the background telemetering fault detection terminal can be a fixed PC terminal and monitors whether telemetering faults exist in real time, and for an unattended transformer substation, the background telemetering fault detection terminal can adopt a mobile terminal and refers to historical alarm records when needed.
And step eight, judging whether the system operation needs to be ended, if so, ending the system, otherwise, turning to the step five.
Fig. 2 is a system framework diagram of the present invention, and an object of the embodiment is a typical intelligent substation system equipped with a wide area measurement system substation device (PMU), in which the PMU device, the protection device, the measurement and control device, and the telemechanical device are four kinds of remote measurement acquisition and concentration devices having different sampling principles, and communicate with a superior device or system through a bay layer network, a station control layer network, a telemechanical network, and a WAMS data transmission network, respectively. The telemetering fault may be caused by merging unit fault, traditional PT/CT fault, PMU device, protection device, measurement and control device, and telemechanical device processing fault, and in comparison, the PMU device has a sampling principle different from that of other devices and has a relatively accurate measurement value, so that the PMU device is used as a reference value for comparing multiple data sources, and values transmitted by other protocols are used as diagnostic values for detecting and diagnosing links where the telemetering fault occurs.
in a digital substation, a bay layer is constructed based on a GOOSE or SV protocol, a station control layer network, a telecontrol network and WAMS data transmission are constructed based on a TCP/IP protocol, wherein the application protocol of the station control layer adopts MMS, the application protocol of the telecontrol layer adopts IEC60870-5-104, the WAMS transmission network adopts the technical specification of a real-time dynamic monitoring system of a Q/GDW 131-2006 electric power system of the national grid enterprise, and the two types of networks can be used for constructing a communication message monitoring network in a mode of arranging mirror image ports on switches of related networks, so that the functions required by the third step of the invention are realized.
the transformer substation remote measurement on-line detection system constructed based on the method of the invention comprises a remote measurement fault detection device and a remote measurement fault monitoring terminal:
The telemetering fault detection device is at least provided with 5 Ethernet monitoring ports, 4 network ports are respectively connected with the switch mirror image ports of the interval layer network, the station control network, the telecontrol network and the WAMS network, monitoring links with the networks are established, and the other Ethernet port realizes communication connection with the telemetering fault monitoring terminal. The telemetry fault detection device realizes functional modules required for supporting eight steps defined by the attached figure 1, and comprises functional modules of configuration management, communication message capture, communication protocol analysis, a real-time database, multi-data source comparison, alarm management, a historical database, background communication, operation control and the like. In specific application, the hardware of the telemetering fault detection device can adopt special multi-communication-port embedded calculation or a general industrial computer with multiple communication ports.
The remote sensing fault monitoring terminal is provided with at least one Ethernet port and is used for being connected with a remote sensing fault detection device and operating a human-computer interface required by the remote sensing fault detection device for configuration management and alarm management. In a specific application, the hardware of the telemetry fault monitoring terminal generally adopts a general industrial computer or a commercial computer.
the telemetering fault detection device and the telemetering fault monitoring terminal complete the following functions:
1. and configuring a management function, realizing the management of the communication point table (the function required by the execution of the step one), and having a function associated with the communication parameters (the function required by the execution of the step two). The methods for associating the remote measurement point with different communication protocols may be different, for example, the GOOSE protocol and the SV protocol need to describe an MAC address and an object reference name corresponding to the measurement point of the corresponding device, the MMS protocol needs to describe an IP address and an object reference name corresponding to the measurement point of the corresponding device, and the IEC60870-5-104 protocol needs to define a public address and a serial number corresponding to the IP address and the measurement point of the device. Different association rules are defined for different protocols in a configuration management human-computer interface of the telemetry fault monitoring terminal.
2. The communication message capturing module (which executes the function required by the fourth step) can be developed by adopting a third-party network communication message capturing tool package, for example, libcap or WinCap software package, and can capture the original communication message of any application protocol acquired on the monitoring link Ethernet interface, and can set a filter to ensure that only the message of a specific protocol enters other processing flows. For example, the filter for obtaining the SV/GOOSE protocol message adopts the Ethernet types corresponding to the protocols respectively, and the filter for obtaining the MMS protocol and the IEC60870-5-104 protocol adopts the mode of adding the port number to the Ethernet type corresponding to the TCP protocol.
3. the communication protocol analysis and real-time database module (the function needed by the execution of the step five) can be realized by self development of a simple state database or a professional industrial real-time database, and the protocol analysis module needs to be developed aiming at each protocol. If the telemetering message does not have a time mark, the time mark of the obtained communication message is used as the time mark of the telemetering point value, and if the telemetering value is transmitted by the communication message, the time mark of the telemetering value is used, and the time mark transmitted by the message is used as the time mark of the telemetering value.
4. The multi-data source comparison module (executing the function required by the sixth step) compares two situations in a specific implementation, wherein one situation is that when a certain monitoring link acquires a new remote measurement value, the new remote measurement value is immediately compared with the reference value of the corresponding remote measurement point, and the other situation is that a timer triggers a certain diagnosed remote measurement value to be compared with the reference value of the same remote measurement point, the former can timely find a remote measurement fault (the precision of the value is inaccurate) which may be caused by a sensor fault, and the latter can timely find a fault (the remote measurement value is not refreshed for a long time) which may be caused by a transmission network or a device.
5. And in specific implementation, the background communication module is used for pushing alarm information between the telemetering fault detection device and the telemetering fault monitoring terminal, and in specific implementation, a standard IEC60870-4-104 protocol can be used as a real-time communication protocol between the telemetering fault detection device and the telemetering fault monitoring terminal, and a user-defined private protocol can also be adopted for implementation. The historical database can be realized by adopting a general relational database management system, and alarm management functions such as alarm information storage, historical alarm inquiry and the like can be compiled based on SQL language, so that the realization is simple.
6. And (4) operating the control module (executing the function required by the step eight), wherein the method is continuously and circularly operated, but in practical application, the operation can be required to be finished due to program upgrading or other reasons, at the moment, the operation control module sets a flag bit, the main process of the invention detects the flag bit at the end of each circulation, and whether the operation is required to be finished is judged according to the state of the flag bit.
The parts not described in the present embodiment are the same as those in the prior art.
Claims (4)
1. a method for diagnosing a telemetering fault of a transformer substation by a multi-data-source comparison technology is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that firstly, a list of remote measuring points needing to be monitored is predefined, the names of the remote measuring points are consistent with the remote measuring names and units of a transformer substation monitoring system, so that operation and maintenance personnel in a transformer substation can understand the output result of the system conveniently, and the interval where a remote measuring fault belongs is quickly positioned;
Secondly, correlating the telemetering points with communication point tables of at least two devices with different acquisition principles, defining a threshold value for judging error-occurring measuring point values and a threshold value for allowing time errors, and selecting one protocol with higher sampling precision as a reference value for multi-data source comparison;
Thirdly, respectively establishing a monitoring network for acquiring messages in real time from a communication network between a related device and a superior system by utilizing a communication monitoring technology; for a protocol adopting the Ethernet as a communication link, a communication message monitoring network is established in a mode of setting a mirror image port on a switch of the network, and for a protocol adopting an RS232 or RS485 bus technology as the communication link, the communication message monitoring network is established and obtained in a mode of connecting lines in parallel at a communication cable connecting terminal;
Fourthly, respectively acquiring communication messages from the monitoring network; in order to process the situation that a plurality of messages are received at the same time at a certain moment, a communication message buffer area needs to be arranged, and the communication messages received at the same time are marked with time marks and then are placed into the buffer area for being used and called in subsequent processing;
Fifthly, unpacking the received communication message according to a communication protocol between the relevant device and the superior system, respectively obtaining the transmission values of the remote measurement, adding the time mark of the obtained message and storing the obtained message into a state database;
sixthly, respectively comparing the value of the measuring point obtained from the non-reference protocol with the value of the measuring point obtained from the reference protocol, and if the difference of the values does not exist, turning to the eighth step;
Seventhly, generating remote measuring value abnormal alarm information for each difference, transmitting the related alarm information to a background remote measuring fault detection terminal for real-time monitoring, and storing the related information in an alarm database for later inquiry;
and step eight, judging whether the system operation needs to be ended, if so, ending the system, otherwise, turning to the step five.
2. The method for diagnosing substation telemetry faults by multiple data source comparison technology of claim 1, wherein: in the second step, one protocol with higher sampling precision is selected as a reference value for comparison of multiple data sources, and a protocol based on power grid fundamental wave data sampling, shorter refreshing period and higher data accuracy is selected as a reference value for comparison.
3. The method for diagnosing substation telemetry faults by multiple data source comparison technique of claim 2, wherein: the following operations are performed before the comparison value of the sixth step: the method comprises the steps of firstly checking the latest refreshing time of a compared value of a remote measuring point and a reference value of the remote measuring point, and if the time difference is beyond the allowable refreshing time difference, calculating the difference of the values, thereby detecting whether the sampling device has a fault or not.
4. The method for diagnosing substation telemetry failure using multiple data source comparison techniques as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the alarm information in the seventh step is specifically as follows: the generated alarm information comprises a communication link corresponding to a protocol and identification information of a data sending device, so that an error source of telemetering abnormity is positioned, and the position of telemetering fault is judged; the alarm information also comprises the reason of the alarm, which is caused by untimely refreshing or difference of measurement values, so as to preliminarily judge whether the sensor has a problem or the sampling device has a problem; for an unattended transformer substation, the background telemetering fault detection terminal is a fixed PC terminal and monitors whether telemetering faults exist in real time, and for an unattended transformer substation, the background telemetering fault detection terminal is a mobile terminal and refers to historical alarm records when needed.
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| CN113741378B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-03-15 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Fault analysis method and system for background abnormal point high-frequency acquisition of distributed control system |
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