CN104375187B - Method for designing cannon well depths based on microlog and non-seismic data - Google Patents
Method for designing cannon well depths based on microlog and non-seismic data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for designing cannon well depths based on microlog and non-seismic data. The method comprises the steps that the well depths are initially designed, the surface structure is surveyed in a non-seismic mode, an interpretation profile map of the surface structure is obtained, the depths of all exciting points are spread and drawn in the map, the adjusted exciting depths and the lengths of explosive columns are added, and the comprehensively-designed cannon well depths are obtained. The method for designing the cannon well depths based on the microlog and the non-seismic data can compensate for the defect that the density of the microlog is relatively low, after the non-seismic comprehensive surface survey is implemented, it can be ensured that the exciting points of seismic cannons are located in favorable exciting layers, so that it is ensured that the explosive exciting energy can effectively spread towards the underground deep layer, and an effective mean is provided for obtaining effective deep layer seismic reflection signals, improving the seismic effect and solving the problem of a deep layer structure. Due to the fact that the number of drilling wells in seismic exploration is huge, and the operation of reducing the exciting depth in a sand and mud layer to the reasonable small depth also has obvious economic significance on lowering the seismic exploration cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to acquiring seismic exploration data technology, specifically a kind of big based on micro logging and the design of non-seismic data
The deep method of shot hole.
Background technology
The selection of seismic prospecting excitation li thology is directly connected to exploration effects and the final seismic data quality for obtaining.Alright
Suitable excitation li thology, identical dose obtains excitation energy and wants big many, and the size of lower biography excitation energy is seismic prospecting energy
One of no most important decisive factor for obtaining good data.Lower biography energy is weak, and signal to noise ratio can be caused to reduce, and mid-deep strata is even difficult to
Obtain effective reflective information.Therefore excitation well depth reasonable in design, preferred excitation li thology is vital ring in seismic prospecting
Section, especially surface structure are complicated, shielded layer of high velocity development area, such as the igneous rock area of coverage, energy serious to seismic wave shielding
It is difficult to penetrate down and passes, shooting depth, the selection of excitation li thology is even more and is particularly important.
The method for designing of earthquake artillery well depth more universal at present is according to near-surface investigation micro-logging data, in each micro logging
Select favourable shooting depth, then by linear interpolation, add grain length in oscillogram, obtain each artillery planned well of earthquake
It is deep.The method specific design step is to determine micrometering well density and depth, Combining with terrain feelings according to exploratory area near surface geological condition
Condition determines micro logging well location；Carry out drilling well and enroll drilling well lithology, carry out well-shooting and obtain log data；To micro logging data
Carry out processing and explain acquisition interpretation results figure；According to oscillogram and interpretation results, requiring in depth bounds, selection is most preferably excited
Depth；Linear difference is carried out to all of optimal shooting depth in exploratory area, the excitation well depth of each artillery is obtained；Swashed according to each artillery
Send out depth and lithology determines explosive dose, according to explosive specification conversion explosive column total length；Shooting depth adds powder column total length just
It is artillery well depth.
But the method is primarily adapted for use in that surface structure is relatively easy, layering is good, the little area of lithology cross directional variations.It is right
Complicated in surface structure, the area of lithology cross directional variations, limited micrometering well density is difficult the lithology for accurately controlling surface structure
Spatial distribution, unless increased substantially micrometering well density, yet with exploration cost and efficiency of construction problem, surveys in actual seismic
It is difficult to carry out in spy.Therefore the conventional method for designing excitation well depth by micro-logging data is difficult to accurately set up complicated surface structure
Model, it is impossible to guarantee to be excited in favourable lithology, directly affects the quality and exploration effects of seismic data.
Another method of earthquake artillery excitation well depth design is to carry out well depth according to near-surface investigation little refraction data to set
Meter, the method is only applicable to that surface structure is relatively easy, and layering is good, the little area of lithology cross directional variations, near surface fire
The area that diagenesis development etc. has speed reversing does not apply to.
The content of the invention
Present invention aim at provide a kind of complicated in surface structure, lithology and buried depth cross directional variations major region, and micrometering
Shot point is still ensured that during the density relative deficiency of well in the favourable excitation li thology, so as to improve seismic data quality based on
The method that micro logging and non-seismic data design artillery well depth.
The present invention is realized by following steps：
1）Exploratory area micro logging drilling well and measurement are carried out, Jing processes explanation and obtains micro logging oscillogram and interpretation results, carries out
Preliminary well depth design, obtains excitation well depth；
Step 1）Described micrometering well measurements include that micro-logging data is gathered and lithologic log.
Step 1）Described process is explained to be included：Micro-logging data is carried out processing and obtains micro logging oscillogram, speed-depth
Write music line and data.
Step 1）Described preliminary well depth design includes：The good layer position of stimulation effect is determined, in every mouthful of micro logging oscillogram
It is upper to determine optimal shooting depth；The optimal shooting depth of all micro loggings in research on utilization area, according to linear interpolation method, obtains ground
Shake the shooting depth value on each shot point.
Step 1）Described excitation well depth refers to the top surface depth of explosive column in shot hole.
2）Surface structure survey is carried out using Non-seismic methods, the data to obtaining carries out Geophysics Inversion, with micrometering
Well data is controlled, and is obtained surface structure and is explained profile；
Step 2）Described Non-seismic methods, including the exploitation method such as gravity, magnetic force, resistivity method and electromagnetic method, its survey
Dot density is higher than micrometering well density.
Step 2）Described surface structure, is tens meters or lithology distributions and geologic structure within hundreds of rice.
Step 2）Described Geophysics Inversion, refers to according to theory of geophysics, is constrained with known high accuracy data,
By inverting and calculating, the work of subsurface geologic structures and lithology is obtained.
Step 2）Described surface structure explains that profile refers to that the geological geophysical comprising top layer lithology and structure is cutd open
Face figure.
3）By step 1）The each shot point depth plotting for obtaining is in step 2）The corresponding surface structure for obtaining explains section
In figure, such as shot point depth is not located in favourable excitation layer, then shot point depth is transferred in favourable excitation layer；If excited
Point depth in favourable layer, shot point depth is adjusted to shallower depth；
Step 3）Described favourable excitation layer, is referred to and is excited using dynamite source in favourable excitation layer, Explosive Energy
Amount can be propagated easily to deep layer, and without big set low velocity layer (LVL) under favourable excitation layer.
Step 3）Described shallower depth, refers to that shooting depth is as shallow as possible in favourable excitation layer, but more than earthquake
The minimum shooting depth that exploration is required.
4）Shooting depth after adjustment is added into explosive column length, comprehensive Design artillery well depth is obtained.
Step 4）Described explosive column length, is to determine explosive charge according to excitation layer lithology, in conjunction with the specification of explosive
It is determined that grain length.
Step 4）Described comprehensive Design artillery well depth, refers to the final design drilling depth value of every mouthful of shot hole.
The present invention can make up the relatively low deficiency of micrometering well density, after non-earthquake synthesis near-surface investigation is implemented, can
To ensure that the shot point of earthquake artillery is located in favourable excitation layer, so as to ensure that explosive shooting energy can effectively to underground
Deep layer is propagated, and is to obtain effective deep seismic reflected signal, is improved earthquake and is solved the problems, such as infrastructure, there is provided effective hand
Section.Because drilling hole number is huge in seismic prospecting, shooting depth in husky mud layer is reduced to rationally shallower depth, to reducing ground
Seismic exploration cost also has significant economic implications.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 micro loggings interpretation results and waveform（A. micro logging oscillogram, 36m depth be determine most preferably excite position, b.
Micro logging interpretation results figure, c. micro logging lithologic logs）；
Fig. 2 is method for designing schematic diagram of the present invention.（Larger stain is transient electrical magnetic dot in upper figure, is magnetic force compared with pore
Point；Solid line is the volcanic rock bottom circle of integrated interpretation in figure below, and open circle is the shooting depth point according to micro-logging data design, real
Heart point is based on the shooting depth point of micro logging-non-seismic data comprehensive Design）
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with example and accompanying drawing.
Present invention experiment oil gas field has been completed 3-d seismic exploration, but because earth's surface is extensively coated with igneous rock, uses
Although in design artillery shooting depth micro logging reached very big density, still can not control well skin fire into
The distribution of rock, it is impossible to ensure that earthquake stimulation point is located in favourable excitation layer, causes down to pass that excitation energy is weak, and Seismic Deep is imaged not
Good, hydrocarbon structure is not enough implemented, and seriously constrains oil-gas exploration and development process.Secondary 3-d seismic exploration is re-started in the area
When employ test of the present invention.
The present invention is embodied as by following steps：
According to the present invention, execution step 1）, micrometering well density and depth are determined according to exploratory area near surface geological condition, it is determined that
The micrometering well density in research area is 2 mouthfuls/km2Left and right, drilling depth is 50m；Combining with terrain situation determines micro logging well location, avoids
Highway, building, steep bank etc. can not be unfavorable for carrying out the position of micrometering well operations；Micro logging drilling well is carried out using rig and record
Drilling well lithology is taken, well logging is carried out according to micro logging technical requirements and is obtained log data；Place's understanding is carried out to micro logging data
Acquisition micro logging oscillogram and interpretation results figure are released, Fig. 1 is seen；According to oscillogram and interpretation results, according to shot hole in Technology design
Depth is not less than 20m and the requirement less than 40m, and it is 36m to determine that the well location puts optimal shooting depth, and igneous rock is located at this
Under, and meet depth requirements；Optimal excitation well depth design is carried out to all of micro logging in exploratory area, and carries out linear difference, obtained
Obtain excitation well depth plan；The corresponding shooting depth in each design artillery position is asked for, that is, obtains the excitation well depth value of each artillery.
Execution step 2）, surface structure survey is carried out using Non-seismic methods, this method for adopting is magnetic method and transition
Electromagnetic method, transient electromagnetic survey line overlaps with earthquake big gun line, and site density respectively reaches 156/km2With 35/km2, far above micro-
Well logging density, obtains the magnetic force and transient electromagnetic field data of reflection surface structure information in detail；By magnetic data process, obtain
Magnetic anomalies figures, cut the magnetic anomalies figure along transient electromagnetic survey line zone, referred to as magnetic force corridor section, for combining solution
Release, see the upper figures of Fig. 2；Geophysics Inversion is carried out to transient electromagnetic field data, inverting resistivity section is obtained, Fig. 2 figure below is seen, electricity
The change of resistance rate mainly reflects the change of lithology；With micro logging achievement（Fig. 2 figure below middle part）Control, according to resistivity in area with
The corresponding relation of lithology, is explained to the bottom circle of igneous rock, and the solid line in Fig. 2 figure below is exactly the igneous rock bottom circle explained,
More than the line it is igneous rock layer, is below husky mud layer, so as to obtain the geologic structure on section and lithology distributions.
Execution step 3）, a survey line is selected, by step 1）Shooting depth presses coordinate plotting to table on the line for obtaining
On Rotating fields profile, open circle in Fig. 2 figure below is seen；Contrast shooting depth point and igneous rock bottom circle, if shooting depth point is not
Be to be located in favourable excitation layer, then shooting depth point be transferred in favourable excitation layer, figure internal coordinate 10220 to 10720 and
Preliminary design shooting depth point between 11680 to 12400 is all located in igneous rock, according to the method by these shooting depth points
It is adjusted downwardly under igneous rock bottom surface；If shooting depth point is in favourable layer, by shooting depth point to shallower depth
Degree adjustment, Preliminary design shooting depth point of the figure internal coordinate between 10800 to 11500 is located in husky mud layer, but is significantly greater than
20 meters, therefore these shooting depth points are adjusted upward in the depth under volcanic rock and no less than 20 meters；Figure inherent 12400 to
Preliminary design well depth in the range of 12800 meets the requirement of comprehensive Design, it is not necessary to adjust, and keeps Preliminary design well depth constant,
See Fig. 2 figure below solid dots.The shooting depth point on each bar survey line is adjusted according to the method described above, it is all after being adjusted
Artillery shooting depth.
Execution step 4）, according to the shooting depth after adjustment and correspondence lithology, the explosive charge of each artillery is determined respectively, should
The dose in area is divided into 6kg and two kinds of 8kg；Further according to the specification of explosive column, every explosive length 0.35m, dose 0.5kg, calculate
Go out the powder column total length of each artillery；Each artillery shooting depth after adjustment is added into corresponding powder column total length, is just obtained
Comprehensive Design artillery well depth.
As can be seen that top layer igneous rock bottom surface is fluctuations from Fig. 2 figure below, landform be also it is up-and-down, this
There is certain change in the horizontal in the bottom surface buried depth for resulting in top layer igneous rock.And the well depth designing method of routine is, according to
The excitation well depth that each micro logging determines, interpolated calculating obtains each artillery excitation well depth（Represented with circle in figure under figure 2）.
As can be seen that the shot point of conventional design is presented west on section（It is left）Deep east（It is right）Shallow, buried depth cross directional variations are little, and
With hypsography the characteristics of fluctuations, but the bottom surface buried depth change of top layer igneous rock is more complex.Due to cost and applying
Work efficiency, the impossible unconfined encryption of micro logging, although this density for resulting in the micro logging in the area is far high
In other areas, but reach the degree of needs far away to the control on igneous rock bottom circle.
Artillery shooting depth based on micro logging-non-seismic data comprehensive Design（Represented with round dot in Fig. 2 figure below）It is right
It is adjusted according to irrational well depth in the well depth of micro-logging data design, by the shooting depth point adjustment in volcanic rock
To under volcanic rock in favourable excitation layer, the depth of the shooting depth point in husky mud rock stratum is suitably adjusted upwards, reached
To economic, effective purpose.Using the invention, shooting condition can be optimized, improve stimulation effect, so as to improve seismic prospecting money
The quality of material, makes seismic prospecting play bigger effect in complicated near surface area.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method for designing artillery well depth based on micro logging and non-seismic data, feature is through the following steps that realize：
1) exploratory area micro logging drilling well and measurement are carried out, Jing processes explanation and obtains micro logging oscillogram and interpretation results, is carried out preliminary
Well depth design, obtains the shooting depth value on each shot point of earthquake；
2) surface structure survey is carried out using Non-seismic methods, the data to obtaining carries out Geophysics Inversion, with micro logging money
Material is controlled, and is obtained surface structure and is explained profile；
3) by step 1) obtain each shooting depth value plotting in step 2) obtain corresponding surface structure explain profile in,
As shot point depth is not located in favourable excitation layer, then shot point depth is transferred in favourable excitation layer；If shot point depth
Degree in favourable layer, shot point depth is adjusted to shallower depth；
4) shooting depth after adjustment is added into explosive column length, obtains comprehensive Design artillery well depth；
Wherein,
Step 1) described in micrometering well measurements include micro-logging data gather and lithologic log；
Step 1) described in process explain include：Micro-logging data is carried out processing and obtains micro logging oscillogram, velocity-depth song
Line and data；
Step 1) described in preliminary well depth design include：Determine the good layer position of stimulation effect, in every mouthful of micro logging oscillogram really
Fixed optimal shooting depth；The optimal shooting depth of all micro loggings in research on utilization area, according to linear interpolation method, obtains earthquake each
Shooting depth value on shot point；
Step 1) described in excitation well depth refer to the top surface depth of explosive column in shot hole；
Step 2) described in Non-seismic methods, including gravity, magnetic force, resistivity method and electromagnetic prospecting method, its site density
It is higher than micrometering well density；
Step 2) described in surface structure, be the lithology distributions and geologic structure within hundreds of rice；
Step 2) described in Geophysics Inversion, refer to according to theory of geophysics, constrained with known high accuracy data, pass through
Inverting and calculating, obtain the work of subsurface geologic structures and lithology；
Step 2) described in surface structure explain profile refer to the geological geophysical section comprising top layer lithology and structure
Figure；
Step 3) described in favourable excitation layer, refer to and excited using dynamite source in favourable excitation layer, explosion energy energy
It is enough easily to propagate to deep layer, and without big set low velocity layer (LVL) under favourable excitation layer；
Step 3) described in shallower depth, refer to that shooting depth is as shallow as possible in favourable excitation layer, but more than seismic prospecting
The minimum shooting depth of requirement；
Step 4) described in explosive column length, be that explosive charge is determined according to excitation layer lithology, in conjunction with explosive specification determine
Grain length；
Step 4) described in comprehensive Design artillery well depth, refer to the final design drilling depth value of every mouthful of shot hole.
2. method according to claim 1, feature is step 2) described in surface structure, be lithology distributions within tens meters and
Geologic structure.
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| CN104793247B (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2017-10-17 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Near-surface velocity modeling method and model building device |
| CN106569282B (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2019-03-12 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of earthquake-capturing excitation well depth designing method |
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