CN104375056B - Substation cable outgoing line fault monitoring method based on voltage and current initial row waves - Google Patents
Substation cable outgoing line fault monitoring method based on voltage and current initial row waves Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a substation cable outgoing line fault monitoring method based on voltage and current initial row waves. The method includes the following steps that a substation cable outgoing line fault simulation model is built according to the substation cable outgoing line and a network distribution model; the bus voltage and outgoing line three-phase current initial row waves are obtained through a voltage transformer and a current transformer; the fault phases are determined according to the obtained three-phase bus voltage; the polarities of the current initial row waves of all the outgoing line fault phases are compared, and the outgoing line opposite to other outgoing lines in polarity is the fault line. According to the substation cable outgoing line fault monitoring method, the fault phases are judged through the bus voltage generated after the system single-phase earth fault, the polarities of the current initial row waves of all the outgoing line fault phases are compared, and thus the fault line is determined; line selection of the substation cable outgoing lines and distribution lines is achieved, and the problem that it is difficult to conduct line select for current small current earth systems is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fault monitoring method of substation cable outlet, specifically a kind of to be based on voltage and electricity
The substation cable outlet fault monitoring method of initial traveling wave is flowed, belongs to cable fault route selection technical field.
Background technology
The widely used neutral non-effective grounding mode of China's power distribution network, this earthing mode have power supply reliability high
Advantage, its singlephase earth fault incidence rate highest.After there is singlephase earth fault, non-faulting phase voltage rises a height of original
1.732 times, under individual cases, earthing capacitance current may cause trouble point electric arc to leap, and instantaneous appearance is bigger than phase voltage 4-5 times
Overvoltage, cause insulation breakdown, be further expanded into 2 points or multipoint earthing short circuit；The electric arc of trouble point can also cause complete set
System overvoltage, usually burns cable or even causes fire.Therefore, the singlephase earth fault of power distribution network seriously threatens this power distribution network
Security reliability, is that Accident prevention expands, wishes to select faulty line as early as possible and processed in operation.But due to single-phase
Ground connection is the short-circuit loop that by power supply winding and transmission line of electricity and over the ground distribution capacity is formed, and the earth current of trouble point is very
Little, single-phase earth fault line selection and fault-location problem are not solved for a long time well.
In order to find out trouble point, the artificial selection method for drawing road is used in the past, is affected by various factors, this side
Method is found out faulty line and is taken long enough, and reduces the quality of power supply so that power supply unit is subject to the economic benefit of user
Affect.And electrical network is easily subject to switch off and closure is impacted, and can cause switching overvoltage and resonance overvoltage, switch
Perseveration again such that its service life is reduced.With increasing for unattended operation transformer station and carrying for automation level
Height, one be sometimes centralized control center staff find and process ground signalling time it is longer, especially evening occur
Fault-signal, it may appear that the long playing situation of tape jam；Two is to draw road route selection to need remote control to operate one by one, is increased
The burden of equipment.
In currently practical work, power distribution network generally carries out route selection using transient zero-sequence current method, using the temporary of faulty line
The polarity of the initial traveling wave of zero mould electric current of state is had with this principle failure judgement circuit of the opposite polarity of non-fault line, the method
The high advantage of reliability.But the acquisition of modulus traveling-waves increased the difficulty of scene application in actual motion.Obtain zero mould electric current
Traveling wave needs scene to be equipped with suitable zero sequence current mutual inductor, and it is uneconomical to increase zero sequence current mutual inductor only for failure line selection
And phase selection cannot be realized using the method for zero mould route selection.If not using ZCT, it is to pass through that line mould current traveling wave is obtained
Biphase current transformer, wiring is complicated and easily malfunctions, and so makes failure line selection more difficult.
Rapidly and accurately on the one hand failure line selection is conducive to improving power supply reliability, improves the economy of power supply department and user
Benefit, is on the other hand conducive to safeguarding electrical equipment, therefore, in the urgent need to a kind of effective substation cable outlet malfunction monitoring
Method.
The content of the invention
To overcome the shortcomings of that above-mentioned prior art is present, the invention provides a kind of based on voltage and the initial traveling wave of electric current
Substation cable outlet fault monitoring method, which can solve the problem that the difficult problem of current fault line selection for indirectly grounding power system, effectively real
Existing substation cable outlet and its failure line selection of distribution line.
The present invention solves its technical problem and is adopted the technical scheme that：Based on voltage and the transformer station of the initial traveling wave of electric current
Cable outlet fault monitoring method, is characterized in that, arrange voltage transformer first, in the every of transformer station on the bus of transformer station
Voltage transformer summation current transformer is set in bar outlet circuit, be the method comprising the steps of：
Set up substation cable outlet fault simulation model：Transformer station is set up according to substation cable outlet and distribution network model
Cable outlet fault simulation model, the substation cable outlet fault simulation model include transformator, in the outlet of transformator
Side is connected with three outlet circuits, and cable run and overhead transmission line, described cable run one end are included in every outlet circuit
It is connected with transformator, the other end is connected with overhead transmission line one end, the other end of overhead transmission line is hanging, in every outlet circuit
It is provided with simulated line failure；
Obtain busbar voltage and the initial traveling wave of electric current：Using voltage transformer three-phase bus voltage, using current transformer
The initial traveling wave of electric current of every outlet circuit three-phase current is obtained, the sample frequency of the voltage transformer summation current transformer is big
In 1MHz；
Determine failure phase：One phase of voltage about 0 after be out of order phase, i.e. failure is determined according to the three-phase bus voltage for obtaining
For failure phase；
The initial traveling wave of electric current is analyzed, faulty line is determined：The electric current for contrasting all outlet line fault phases is initial
Polarity of traveling wave, the outlet circuit contrary with other outlet line polarities are faulty line.
In said method, carry out setting up substation cable outlet phantom using PSCAD simulation softwares.
In said method, the initial traveling wave of electric current is analyzed using MATLAB simulation softwares.
In said method, the outlet circuit adopts the metal screen layer both-end of three-core structure, cable run to be directly grounded
Mode, and the end of overhead transmission line is hanging.
In said method, the circuit event that two outlet circuits of the line fault arranged in every outlet circuit and other are arranged
Barrier is different.
In said method, the line fault includes cable major insulation failure, cable run and overhead transmission line junction gold
Attribute earth fault and overhead transmission line metallic earthing failure.
In said method, the process of setting up of the substation cable outlet fault simulation model is comprised the following steps：
The selection of simulation modeling instrument and data analysis tool：Simulation modeling instrument selects the PSCAD of 4.2.0 versions, number
The MATLAB of 7.1 versions is selected according to analytical tool；
Set up substation cable outlet fault simulation model and emulation module：The substation cable outlet fault simulation mould
Type includes transformator, is connected with three outlet circuits in the outgoing line side of transformator, and cable run is included in every outlet circuit
And overhead transmission line, described cable run one end is connected with transformator, and the other end is connected with overhead transmission line one end, overhead transmission line it is another
One end is hanging, and simulated line failure is provided with every outlet circuit；The emulation module includes cable run module, frame
Empty line module, short trouble and FCM fault control module, cable major insulation failure and aerial line failure setup module；
Simulation parameter is arranged:The setting of PSCAD simulation parameters, cable data, overhead transmission line parameter and failed controller are joined
Number is configured；
Generate substation cable outlet fault simulation model：Transformer station is generated with parameter setting according to the foundation of emulation module
Cable outlet fault simulation model.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：The present invention judges event first with the busbar voltage after system single-phase earth fault
Barrier phase, then by the polarity of the initial traveling wave of all outlet line fault phase currents of contrast, so that it is determined that faulty line, realizes
Substation cable outlet and the route selection of distribution line, solve the problems, such as that current fault line selection for indirectly grounding power system is difficult.The present invention
Can accurately phase selection route selection, realize malfunction monitoring to power cable, more existing selection method more science, reliability, economy.
Description of the drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is method of the present invention flow chart；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of substation cable outlet fault simulation model of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of cable run emulation module of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of overhead transmission line emulation module of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the generation single-phase earthing at f1 in the circuit 1 of substation cable outlet fault simulation model of the present invention
Schematic diagram during failure；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of busbar voltage when there is singlephase earth fault in Fig. 5 of the present invention at f1；
Fig. 7 is each the initial traveling wave pole of outlet circuit B phase currents when there is singlephase earth fault in Fig. 5 of the present invention at f1
The schematic diagram of property.
Specific embodiment
Clearly to illustrate the technical characterstic of this programme, below by specific embodiment, and its accompanying drawing is combined, to this
Invention is described in detail.Present invention omits to the description of known assemblies and treatment technology and process avoiding unnecessarily limiting
The system present invention.
A kind of substation cable outlet fault monitoring method based on voltage and the initial traveling wave of electric current of the present invention, the method
Voltage transformer is set on the bus of transformer station first before implementing, mutual induction of voltage is set in every outlet circuit of transformer station
Device summation current transformer, for obtaining the initial traveling wave of busbar voltage and electric current of outlet circuit.
As shown in figure 1, substation cable outlet fault monitoring method method bag that should be based on voltage and the initial traveling wave of electric current
Include following steps：
Set up substation cable outlet fault simulation model：PSCAD is adopted according to substation cable outlet and distribution network model
Simulation software sets up substation cable outlet fault simulation model, and the substation cable outlet fault simulation model includes transformation
Device, is connected with three outlet circuits in the outgoing line side of transformator, and cable run and overhead transmission line are included in every outlet circuit,
Described cable run one end is connected with transformator, and the other end is connected with overhead transmission line one end, and the other end of overhead transmission line is hanging,
Simulated line failure is provided with every outlet circuit；
Obtain busbar voltage and the initial traveling wave of electric current：Three-phase bus voltage is obtained using voltage transformer, it is mutual using electric current
Sensor obtains the initial traveling wave of electric current of every outlet circuit three-phase current, the sampling frequency of the voltage transformer summation current transformer
Rate is more than 1MHz；
Determine failure phase：One phase of voltage about 0 after be out of order phase, i.e. failure is determined according to the three-phase bus voltage for obtaining
For failure phase；
The initial traveling wave of electric current is analyzed, faulty line is determined：All outlet lines are contrasted using MATLAB simulation softwares
The initial polarity of traveling wave of electric current of road failure phase, the outlet circuit contrary with other outlet line polarities are faulty line.
The substation cable outlet fault simulation model that the present invention is adopted specifically to set up process as follows：
First, the selection of simulation modeling instrument and data analysis tool
Mainly there are EMTP, PSCAD and MATLAB in the simulation software for being used for transient analysis in power system.
EMTP (Electro-Magnetic Transient Program) electromagnetic transient state procedure voltage in power system
Extensively apply in the electric analog of grade.It selects node based on trapezoidal integration rule by the use of associated model as dynamic element
Method sets up equation, utilizes sparse matrix and LU factorizations during solution algebraic equation.Integration step is specified by user, and whole
Keep constant in individual simulation process.EMTP comprising frequency dependence distributed constant transmission line of electricity and cable model, but its arrange compared with
For loaded down with trivial details, parameter is difficult to obtain.
PSCAD is a power system simulation instrument based on figure.Which is powerful, carries model library and has
Friendly human-computer interaction interface, can significantly increase the efficiency of electromagnetic transient in power system simulation study.By modeling bag, make
User can set up the electric power system model is simulated by research with the method for figure.Determine that the traveling wave model of cable needs to make
CABLE modules are used, unifrequency pattern model can be produced by function selecting or completely frequency dependence traveling wave model, its
In, the radius and characteristic of each conductive layer and insulating barrier are all required.
MATLAB is the abbreviation of Matrix Laboratory (matrix labotstory), is exploitation, data visualization for algorithm
The senior computational language change, analyzed and calculate and interactive environment, mainly include MATLAB and Simulink two large divisions.Its
Power blockset (Power System Blockset) in Simulink parts, can be used for building for complicated electric power system
Mould, and carry out Transient calculation；Wavelet analysises workbox (Wavelet Toolbox) is suitable for the analysis of signal, denoising, compression
Deng.
No suitable respective cable model in the Power blockset of MATLAB, after considering, this modeling is imitative
True to select PSCAD4.2.0 as simulation modeling instrument, MATLAB7.1 is used as data processing toolses.
2nd, substation cable outlet fault simulation model and emulation module are set up
As shown in Fig. 2 substation cable outlet fault simulation model of the present invention includes transformator, going out in transformator
Line side is connected with three outlet circuits：Circuit 1, circuit 2 and circuit 3, include cable run and make somebody a mere figurehead in every outlet circuit
Circuit, described cable run one end are connected with transformator, and the other end is connected with overhead transmission line one end, and the other end of overhead transmission line hangs
Sky, is provided with simulated line failure in every outlet circuit.As 10kV cables are three-core structure mostly, therefore generally adopt
Metal screen layer two ends direct grounding way.Cable in phantom adopts three-core structure, and metal screen layer both-end is direct
The mode of ground connection, and line end is hanging.Different faults at three can be set in phantom：F1 is the event of cable major insulation
Barrier, f2 are cable and aerial line junction metallic earthing failure, and f3 is aerial line metallic earthing failure.Line length parameter
Arrange as follows：The long 130m of cable of circuit 1, the long 6km of overhead transmission line；The long 3.05km of cable of circuit 2, the long 7km of overhead transmission line；Line
The long 100m of cable on road 3, the long 10km of overhead transmission line.
The emulation module includes cable run module, overhead transmission line module, short trouble and FCM fault control module, cable
Major insulation failure and aerial line failure setup module.
(1) cable run module：There is the equivalent model of three kinds of transmission lines of electricity or cable in PSCAD：PI type equivalent circuits,
Bergeron models and frequency dependent character model.In circuit under the fundamental frequency, PI types equivalent circuit and Bergeron model foots
It is enough to use, it is a difference in that, Bergeron models replace the LC elements in PI types equivalence circuit, resistance with distributed constant mode
Deng being all lumped parameter.Frequency dependent character circuit model considers the parameter of all frequency dependences, and the model can be to occurring on circuit
The transient state travelling wave process of broad frequency band scope carries out accurate description.This problem will to major insulation failure when carry out transient state travelling wave survey
Away from, fault transient travelling wave frequency band wider (general tens megahertzs Dao up to a hundred megahertzs), therefore, from frequency dependent character circuit mould
Type.10kV cables simulations model is as shown in figure 3, wherein C1-C3 represents the conductor core wire of cable, i.e. A, B, C three-phase, S1-S3 tables
Show the metal screen layer of cable, as three-core cable model is not contained in PSCAD, thus it is electric without the single of armor using three-phase
Cable, is established the model of three-core cable, and is met the characteristic of three-core cable by simulating, verifying by arranging its relative position.
(2) overhead transmission line module：In PSCAD simulated environment, overhead transmission line model equally adopts frequency dependent character, overhead transmission line
Phantom is as shown in figure 4, Tline represents shaft tower.
(3) short trouble and FCM fault control module：When cable run is short-circuited failure, the electric current at failure will be fast
Speed increase, and the very little that the resistance of trouble point becomes, now can be using short trouble model in software PSCAD.Fault moment with
Trouble duration can be set and be controlled by failed controller.
(4) cable major insulation failure and aerial line failure setup module：The power cable insulation failure of foundation and aerial line
Fault simulation model, changes position of failure point by the length of the length or aerial line of two sections of cables of change.Wherein, cable mould
The direction of type mains side measurement end conductor current is to flow to fault point by mains side；In metal sheath, the sense of current is by failure
Grounded line flow direction the earth at point；Directly there is single phase metal earth fault in built on stilts line model.
3rd, simulation parameter is arranged
(1) simulation parameter of PSCAD is arranged：Panel is arranged by the simulation parameter of PSCAD softwares, can be to during emulation
Between, sampling step length, data output step-length and data storage etc. be configured.Setting simulation time is 0.07s, and sampling step length is
0.5us, data output step-length are 1us.
(2) setting of cable data：Due to the model in PSCAD without three-core cable, therefore according to the spy of three-core cable
Property establish the phantom of three-core cable, and the operation characteristic using the model with actual three-core cable is carried out to score
Analysis, verifies that the model is feasible.The parameters such as the title of cable run, steady statue frequency and cable length can be by electricity
Cable parameter setting panel is configured.
(3) overhead transmission line parameter setting：The parameters such as the title of overhead transmission line, steady statue frequency and length can be led to
Cross overhead transmission line parameter setting panel to be configured.
(4) setting of failed controller parameter：Fault moment and trouble duration, can pass through failed controller parameter
Arrange and arranged on panel, wherein, fault moment is 0.032s, and trouble duration is 40ms.
4th, generate substation cable outlet fault simulation model
Overall substation cable outlet fault simulation model is carried out with parameter setting according to the foundation of above local module to build
It is vertical, and by " Save channels to disk in PSCAD simulation parameters arrange panel" option is set to " Yes ", be easy to by
Emulation data are derived, and carry out data processing using Matlab.
In hypothesis Fig. 2, at f1 there is cable major insulation failure in cable, and failure is mutually B phases, using side of the present invention
The process that method carries out failure line selection is as follows.
1st, phantom as shown in Figure 5 is set up according to substation cable outlet and distribution network model.
2nd, busbar voltage and the initial traveling wave of electric current are obtained：Busbar voltage is obtained using voltage transformer and obtains three-phase bus electricity
Pressure, obtains the initial traveling wave of electric current of every outlet circuit three-phase current using current transformer.
3rd, failure phase is determined using busbar voltage：Voltage after be out of order phase, i.e. failure is determined according to the busbar voltage for obtaining
The one of about 0 is mutually failure phase, as shown in Figure 6, it may be determined that B phases are failure phase.
4th, determination faulty line is analyzed to the initial traveling wave of electric current：After determining failure phase, by contrasting all outlet lines
The initial polarity of traveling wave of electric current of road failure phase, it is determined that the outlet circuit contrary with other outlet line polarities is faulty line.Respectively
The initial polarity of traveling wave of electric current of outlet circuit B phases is as shown in Figure 7.The electric current of each outlet line fault phase is initial as shown in Figure 7
Polarity of traveling wave contrast can determine that circuit 1 is faulty line.
5th, output result：According to said process, B phase fault of this failure line selection result for circuit 1.
The present invention need not increase zero sequence current mutual inductor, can accurately be judged have merely with three-phase current
Certain economy.The present invention can accurately phase selection route selection, realize malfunction monitoring to power cable, more existing selection method
More science, reliability, economy.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art,
Without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications are also regarded as this
Bright protection domain.
Claims (7)
1. the substation cable outlet fault monitoring method based on voltage and the initial traveling wave of electric current, is characterized in that, first in power transformation
Voltage transformer is set on the bus stood, voltage transformer summation current transformer is set in every outlet circuit of transformer station,
The method comprising the steps of：
Set up substation cable outlet fault simulation model：Substation cable is set up according to substation cable outlet and distribution network model
Outlet fault simulation model, the substation cable outlet fault simulation model include transformator, connect in the outgoing line side of transformator
Three outlet circuits are connected to, cable run and overhead transmission line, described cable run one end and change in every outlet circuit, is included
Depressor is connected, and the other end is connected with overhead transmission line one end, and the other end of overhead transmission line is hanging, is respectively provided with every outlet circuit
There is simulated line failure；
Obtain busbar voltage and the initial traveling wave of electric current：Three-phase bus voltage is obtained using voltage transformer, using current transformer
The initial traveling wave of electric current of every outlet circuit three-phase current is obtained, the sample frequency of the voltage transformer summation current transformer is big
In 1MHz；
Determine failure phase：Determined according to the three-phase bus voltage for obtaining be out of order after phase, i.e. failure voltage ratio other two be close
In 0 one mutually be failure phase；
The initial traveling wave of electric current is analyzed, faulty line is determined：Contrast the initial traveling wave of electric current of all outlet line fault phases
Polarity, the outlet circuit contrary with other outlet line polarities are faulty line.
2. the substation cable outlet fault monitoring method based on voltage and the initial traveling wave of electric current according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, carry out setting up substation cable outlet fault simulation model using PSCAD simulation softwares.
3. the substation cable outlet fault monitoring method based on voltage and the initial traveling wave of electric current according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the initial traveling wave of electric current is analyzed using MATLAB simulation softwares.
4. the substation cable outlet fault monitoring method based on voltage and the initial traveling wave of electric current according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the outlet circuit adopts three-core structure, the directly grounded mode of metal screen layer both-end of cable run, and
The end of overhead transmission line is hanging.
5. the substation cable outlet fault monitoring method based on voltage and the initial traveling wave of electric current according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the line fault that two outlet circuits of the line fault arranged in every outlet circuit and other are arranged is different.
6. the substation cable outlet fault monitoring method based on voltage and the initial traveling wave of electric current according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the line fault includes the event of cable major insulation failure, cable run and overhead transmission line junction metallic earthing
Barrier and overhead transmission line metallic earthing failure.
7. the substation cable outlet failure based on voltage and the initial traveling wave of electric current according to any one of claim 1 to 6
Monitoring method, is characterized in that, the process of setting up of the substation cable outlet fault simulation model is comprised the following steps：
The selection of simulation modeling instrument and data analysis tool：Simulation modeling instrument selects the PSCAD of 4.2.0 versions, data point
Analysis instrument selects the MATLAB of 7.1 versions；
Set up substation cable outlet fault simulation model and emulation module：The substation cable outlet fault simulation model bag
Transformator being included, three outlet circuits being connected with the outgoing line side of transformator, cable run and frame are included in every outlet circuit
Ceases to be busy road, described cable run one end are connected with transformator, and the other end is connected with overhead transmission line one end, the other end of overhead transmission line
Vacantly, simulated line failure is provided with every outlet circuit；The emulation module includes cable run module, aerial line
Road module, short trouble and FCM fault control module, cable major insulation failure and aerial line failure setup module；
Simulation parameter is arranged:PSCAD simulation parameters, cable data, overhead transmission line parameter and failed controller parameter are set
Put；
Generate substation cable outlet fault simulation model：Substation cable is generated with parameter setting according to the foundation of emulation module
Outlet fault simulation model.
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| CN105067952B (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2019-01-15 | 国网天津市电力公司 | The addressing system of single-phase grounded malfunction in grounded system of low current |
| CN105067953B (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2018-11-06 | 国网天津市电力公司 | The addressing method of single-phase grounded malfunction in grounded system of low current |
| CN105116294A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-02 | 国家电网公司 | Traveling wave polarity measure based power distribution network cable fault monitoring method |
| CN105914718B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-04-10 | 长沙理工大学 | Phase current abrupt change based ground fault protection method |
| CN106646142B (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2023-06-09 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Grounding grid breakpoint diagnosis method and transient electromagnetic detection device |
| CN107085168A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-22 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of single-phase earth fault line selection device containing many times cable outlets |
| CN107884683A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-04-06 | 国网山东省电力公司高密市供电公司 | Current initial traveling wave detection device and substation outgoing cable fault monitoring method |
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| CN101232176A (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2008-07-30 | 潍坊学院 | Non-effective earthing distribution system fault locating method based on neutral point of transient traveling wave |
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| WO2013185521A1 (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2013-12-19 | 国家电网公司 | Full component differential coefficient matrix-based method for ultra-high-voltage alternating current electric power transmission line protection |
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| CN101232176A (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2008-07-30 | 潍坊学院 | Non-effective earthing distribution system fault locating method based on neutral point of transient traveling wave |
| CN101533062A (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2009-09-16 | 清华大学 | Power cable on-line insulated monitoring method based on traveling wave electric amount measurement |
| WO2013185521A1 (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2013-12-19 | 国家电网公司 | Full component differential coefficient matrix-based method for ultra-high-voltage alternating current electric power transmission line protection |
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