CN104374785B - A kind of continuous radiation scanning system and method - Google Patents
A kind of continuous radiation scanning system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104374785B CN104374785B CN201410647357.9A CN201410647357A CN104374785B CN 104374785 B CN104374785 B CN 104374785B CN 201410647357 A CN201410647357 A CN 201410647357A CN 104374785 B CN104374785 B CN 104374785B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of continuous radiation scanning system, it includes：Radiation source, collimater, radiation detector, imaging device, the first detection unit (105), the second detection unit (108) and control module；Wherein, whether the first detection unit (105) is used to detecting object reaches precalculated position, the precalculated position be located at the upstream of scanning area and with the upstream lateral boundaries of scanning area apart the first length L1；The scanning area is the region covered in sense channel by radiation source ray；Second detection unit (108) is used to detect to need to have been moved off needing that with the part of high dose rate ray scanning scanning area will be entered in scanning area and object with the part of low dose rate ray scanning in object；Control module is used to receive the signal from each detection unit and radiation source is controlled according to signal.A large amount of vehicles to be checked can be achieved continuously quickly through sense channel using the present invention, complete radiation scanning inspection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radiation imaging, in particular to the field of rapid radiation imaging of a moving target, and particularly relates to a continuous pass type radiation scanning system and a method.
Background
Scanning inspection of vehicles, goods, etc. using rays is a common means for border inspection and customs inspection at present. With the ever increasing anti-terrorism and the need to combat smuggling, all vehicles in the customs are required to be examined by radiation scanning. Under the condition that the number of clearance vehicles is large, in order to improve the inspection efficiency, the quick radiation imaging is needed to be carried out on the moving vehicle, and the scanning is completed in a short enough time, so that the vehicle to be inspected can be subjected to the scanning inspection under the condition of no parking, and the security inspection efficiency is high. In the rapid and continuous scanning inspection technology, an area where an occupant is located in a vehicle needs to be avoided to prevent radiation injury, and the radiation dose rate of the area where the occupant is located cannot be higher than the limit specified by the relevant radiation safety standard, such as the dose safety limit value required by ANSI N43.17 and IEC 62463. Currently, there are two main types of devices that can implement such rapid radiation scanning security.
The first method is to scan the vehicle to be inspected by using low-dose-rate rays in the whole process without distinguishing the area where passengers are located (such as a cab of a head) and the area where cargos are located (such as a rear cargo hold of a large truck). The scheme has the advantages that the scanning is carried out by using single low-dosage-rate rays, the control logic of the system is simple, and the investment cost is low. However, since the whole process uses undifferentiated low-dose-rate radiation for scanning, the penetration capability of the radiation is not high, the contrast resolution is low, the influence on the radiation imaging quality is large, and the suspect detection capability of the equipment is limited.
And the second method is to distinguish the area where the vehicle passenger is located and the area where the cargo is located, scan the area where the passenger is located in the vehicle to be detected with low dose rate rays, and scan the area where the cargo is located with high dose rate rays. That is, the low-dose-rate rays are firstly emitted to scan the vehicle head (cab), and then the high-dose-rate rays are emitted to scan the cargo hold. The scheme has the advantage that the suspected substance detection capability of the equipment is improved on the premise of ensuring the safety of personnel. However, such radiation scanning security inspection equipment must be used with other auxiliary facilities, for example, an indicating device such as a traffic light and/or a stop lever must be arranged at an entrance of a detection channel to control a scanning process, in the current vehicle scanning process, the indicating device stops a subsequent vehicle outside the detection channel, and after the previous vehicle is inspected, the subsequent vehicle is guided to enter the detection channel. If the indicating device is not arranged, the rear vehicle possibly enters the detection channel by mistake, so that the dose received by a passenger of the rear vehicle exceeds a safety limit value, and even the head of the rear vehicle is mistakenly swept by emergent high-dose-rate rays, so that some security inspection places even need to arrange special persons for auxiliary guidance, and the equipment maintenance and the labor cost are high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a continuous pass-through radiation scanning system and method, which can prevent the occurrence of false scanning and ensure that the dose received by the vehicle occupants is below the safety limit by setting a safety boundary at the upstream side of the scanning area, monitoring the states of the front and rear vehicles, and controlling the working mode of the radiation source.
The invention provides a continuous pass-through radiation scanning system, comprising: radiation source, collimator, radiation detector and imaging device, its characterized in that still includes: a first detection unit (105), a second detection unit (108) and a control module; wherein the first detecting unit (105) is used for detecting whether the target object reaches a predetermined position, and the predetermined position is positioned at the upstream of the scanning area and is separated from the boundary of the upstream side of the scanning area by a first length L1; wherein the scanning area is an area covered by the radiation of the radiation source in the detection channel; the second detection unit (108) is used for detecting that a part of the target object needing to be scanned by the low-dosage-rate rays leaves the scanning area and a part of the target object needing to be scanned by the high-dosage-rate rays is about to enter the scanning area; the control module is used for receiving signals from all the detection units and controlling the radiation source according to the signals; when the target object reaches the preset position and the radiation source scans at a high dose rate, the control module controls the radiation source to be switched to scan at a low dose rate.
Preferably, the first length L1 is greater than or equal to 1 meter.
Preferably, the second detection unit (108) is located downstream of the scanning area and at a second length L2 from a downstream side boundary of the scanning area.
Preferably, the second detecting unit (108) comprises a photoelectric switch and a light curtain, wherein the photoelectric switch is positioned at a height H from the ground, the light curtain is positioned on the ground right below the photoelectric switch, and the distances from the photoelectric switch and the light curtain to the boundary of the downstream side of the scanning area are both the second length L2.
Preferably, wherein the height H is greater than or equal to 2 meters and the second length L2 is greater than or equal to 2.5 meters.
Preferably, the system further comprises a third detection unit (106) located between the first detection unit and the scanning area, and the third detection unit is adjacent to an upstream side boundary of the scanning area.
Preferably, the system further comprises a fourth detection unit (107) located between the scanning area and the second detection unit, and the fourth detection unit is adjacent to a downstream side boundary of the scanning area.
Preferably, the system further comprises a fifth detection unit (109) located inside the scanning zone, and the fifth detection unit is close to the downstream side boundary of the scanning zone.
Preferably, the system further comprises a sixth detection unit (112) located between the entrance and the exit of the detection channel, for identifying the license plate number, the vehicle identification number VIN, and/or the container number of the vehicle when the object is a vehicle.
Preferably, a speed radar or a vision sensor is installed between the entrance and the exit of the detection channel.
Preferably, a buffer is provided between the downstream-side boundary of the scanning area and the exit of the detection passage, the buffer being a part of the detection passage having a length of L3; when the vehicle speed in the buffer area is lower than the preset speed, the control module controls the radiation scanning system to pause and close the detection channel, and when no vehicle exists in the buffer area, the control module controls the radiation scanning system to resume working and reopen the detection channel.
Preferably, the length L3 of the buffer zone is greater than or equal to 20 meters, and the predetermined speed is 3 km/h.
Preferably, a traffic light and/or a stop lever is installed at an entrance of the inspection passage.
The invention also provides a continuous pass-through radiation scanning method, which scans vehicles in a detection channel by using rays emitted by a radiation source, and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that firstly, when a first vehicle is detected to enter a scanning area, scanning is carried out by low-dose-rate rays; a second step of converting the part of the first vehicle which needs to be scanned by the low dose rate rays into high dose rate rays for scanning after leaving the scanning area and when the part which needs to be scanned by the high dose rate rays enters the scanning area; thirdly, stopping scanning after the first vehicle completely leaves the scanning area; wherein, in the second step, during scanning with high dose rate rays, if it is detected that a second vehicle in the detection channel has reached a predetermined safety boundary, the radiation source is immediately controlled to convert the scanning with high dose rate rays into the scanning with low dose rate rays; fourthly, when a second vehicle is detected to enter the scanning area, continuing to scan by using the low-dose-rate rays; fifthly, taking the second vehicle as a new first vehicle, and turning to the second step; wherein the safety margin is located upstream of the scanning area, and the distance between the safety margin and the upstream side boundary of the scanning area is a predetermined length L1.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can scan the cockpit of the cargo vehicle by low-dosage-rate rays, scan the cargo hold by high-dosage-rate rays and scan the passenger vehicle by low-dosage-rate rays, thereby having higher suspect detection capability on the premise of ensuring the safety of drivers and passengers; more importantly, the invention sets a safety boundary for the condition that a plurality of vehicles continuously enter the detection channel, realizes the automatic switching of the scanning mode, can completely eradicate the false scanning, ensures that a large number of vehicles to be detected can continuously and quickly pass through the detection channel to complete the radiation scanning inspection, and has high detection efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is four typical vehicle types.
FIG. 2 is a top view of a typical radiation scanning detection channel.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a continuous-pass radiation scanning system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a side view of the embodiment of fig. 3.
FIGS. 5-7 are schematic views of the continuous passage of vehicle V1 and vehicle V2 within the detection lane of FIG. 3.
Figures 8 and 9 are side views of radiation scanning systems according to two embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 10 and 11 are system operation state transition diagrams of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a top view of a system provided with a buffer zone or the like in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a diagram of the correspondence between the scanned image and the identification number according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 shows exemplarily several different types of vehicles, for example (1) common cargo vehicles, such as container trucks, with an unidentifiable gap between the vehicle head and the cargo compartment. (2) For container type cargo carrying vehicles, the clearance between the vehicle head and the container can be identified. (3) Is a container type cargo vehicle for towing two containers. (4) Is a small passenger vehicle, such as a car. The principle, operation and technical details of the present invention will be described by taking the scanning of several vehicle models shown in fig. 1 as an example. The applicable objects of the present invention are not limited to the vehicle model shown in fig. 1, but are applicable to all similar vehicle models.
FIG. 2 schematically shows a top view of a typical detection channel. The radiation source 101 emits radiation, the radiation is emitted by the collimator and then covers a certain space in the detection channel, the vehicle receives radiation scanning when passing through the space, and the space is marked as a scanning area 104. The radiation detector array 102 receives radiation that traverses the scan region 104 for post-imaging. The control module 103 controls the operating state of the radiation source 101. Common collimators, imaging equipment, field radiation protection walls, etc. are omitted from fig. 2.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a radiation scanning system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 4 is a side view of the embodiment of fig. 3, and the source of radiation 101, the array of radiation detectors 102, and the control module 103 are omitted from fig. 4. In operation, the vehicle to be inspected enters from an entrance on the upstream side (left side in the figure) of the inspection passage.
In this embodiment, a plurality of detecting units 105, 106 and 108 are disposed in the detecting channel, each of which may be a photoelectric sensor, a metal sensor, a pressure sensor, a visual sensor, or a combination of various sensors, for example, a ground sensing coil and a light curtain may be combined as one detecting unit.
Here, the detecting unit 105 is located at a predetermined position on the upstream side of the scanning area 104, and is a certain distance L1 from the boundary of the upstream side of the scanning area 104, and the position of the detecting unit 105 can be regarded as a "safety boundary". During operation, if the detection unit 105 is triggered, it is indicated that a vehicle reaches a safety boundary, at this time, if the radiation source 101 is emitting radiation in a high dose rate mode, it needs to be immediately converted into a low dose rate mode, so as to avoid that the head of the vehicle where a person is located receives high dose rate radiation due to continuous driving of the vehicle, thereby ensuring that the dose received by a passenger in the rear vehicle is below a safety limit value, and avoiding the occurrence of false scanning.
Meanwhile, the detection unit 105 may also be used to detect whether the vehicle is about to enter the scanning area. If the detection unit 105 is triggered, it indicates that the vehicle is about to cross a safety boundary into the scanning area 104. Since the first-in-time is necessarily the vehicle head, the detection unit 105 should start scanning in the low dose rate mode when triggered.
Preferably, L1 is greater than or equal to 1m, and the detecting unit 105 may employ a light curtain.
The detection unit 108 is located on the downstream side of the scanning area 104, is apart from the downstream-side boundary of the scanning area 104 by a certain distance L2, and has a detection height H; wherein, L2 is more than or equal to the length of the longest headstock, for example, in each type of vehicle, the length of the headstock of the container truck is 2.5 meters, and the length of the headstock of other vehicle types is less than the value, then L2 is more than or equal to 2.5 meters. The detection height H can be set to 2 meters, and the detection unit 108 is not triggered for vehicles with a vehicle head height less than 2 meters, such as a small passenger car.
The detection unit 108 is mainly used to perform three functions: firstly, detecting the type of the vehicle, secondly, detecting whether a part (head) of the vehicle which needs to be scanned by low-dose-rate rays is driven away from the scanning area 104, and thirdly, detecting whether the whole vehicle is driven away from the scanning area 104. In the embodiment of the present invention, the detecting unit 108 is suitably a combination of various sensors, and a preferred combination is an opto-electronic switch and a light curtain. The photoelectric switch is arranged at the height H from the ground and is used for executing the first function; the light curtain is arranged on the ground right below the photoelectric switch and used for executing the second function and the third function. In operation, if the photoelectric switch is triggered, it indicates that the type of the vehicle is a truck (the height of the truck head is greater than 2 meters), at this time, the light curtain is also necessarily triggered, which indicates that the truck head has moved away from the scanning area 104, and then the cargo space of the vehicle enters the scanning area 104 (at this time, scanning should be switched to the high dose rate mode), and when the light curtain returns to the non-triggered state, it indicates that the truck tail has moved away from the detection unit 108, that is, the whole vehicle has moved away from the scanning area 104 (at this time, scanning should be stopped). On the other hand, if the light curtain is triggered and the photoelectric switch is not triggered, the type of the vehicle is a small passenger car (the height of the head of the vehicle is less than 2 meters), the vehicle needs to be scanned by low-dose-rate rays (the head of the vehicle and the cargo hold do not need to be distinguished, and the scanning mode does not need to be changed), and the light curtain is recovered to be not triggered, the vehicle is driven away (the scanning is stopped).
In some embodiments, all types of vehicles to be inspected are all cargo vehicles, e.g., shunting the vehicles to be inspected in a previous period, allowing only the cargo vehicles to be subjected to the above-described radiation scanning inspection. In this case, the detection means 108 may not have the first function.
Preferably, the function of the detection unit 108 may also be implemented by a vision sensor, which may detect the type of the vehicle passing through the scanning area 104, detect whether a low-dose scanning portion in the vehicle has left the scanning area 104, detect whether the entire vehicle has left the scanning area 104, and the control module 103 controls the beam-out mode of the radiation source 101 according to the information.
In addition to this, a detection unit 106 for detecting whether the vehicle is about to enter the scanning area 104 may be disposed adjacent to the upstream side boundary of the scanning area 104. In operation, if the detection unit 106 is triggered, indicating that the vehicle is about to enter the scanning zone 104, scanning in the low dose rate mode should begin immediately. The advantage of providing the detection unit 106 is that the moment when the vehicle enters the scanning area 104 can be detected more accurately. Preferably, the detection unit 106 employs a light curtain.
All the trigger signals of all the detection units are transmitted to the control module 103 in real time, and the control module 103 controls the working state of the radiation source 101 according to different trigger signals.
The radiation scanning procedure of the embodiment of the present invention is described below. FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of the vehicle V1 and the vehicle V2 passing within the detection lane of FIG. 3. In the embodiment of fig. 5, both V1 and V2 are cargo vehicles, and the vehicles enter from the left side sequentially, wherein V1 is in front, and V2 is in back and continuously passes through the inspection passage.
The vehicle V1 drives into the detection channel first, and triggers the detection units 105 and 106 in sequence, wherein when 106 is triggered, the control module 103 controls the radiation source 101 to start emitting low dose rate rays according to the trigger signal, and scans the V1 headstock entering the scanning area 104; when the head of the V1 is moved out of the scanning area 104, the detection unit 108 is triggered, and the control module 103 controls the radiation source 101 to enter a high dose rate mode according to the trigger signal, and emits high dose rate radiation to scan a V1 cargo compartment entering the scanning area 104; during the period that the radiation source 101 is in the high dose rate mode, the V2 enters the detection channel and triggers the detection unit 105 (as shown in fig. 5), which indicates that the V2 has traveled to the safety boundary, at this time, the control module 103 controls the radiation source 101 to immediately enter the low dose rate mode according to the trigger signal, and before detecting that the V2 head exits the scanning area 104, the radiation source 101 is continuously made to emit radiation in the low dose rate mode, so as to ensure that the dose received by the passengers in the rear vehicle is below the safety limit, and eliminate the risk that the V2 head is mistakenly scanned. That is to say, after the V2 triggers the detection unit 105, the radiation source 101 is switched to emit low dose rate rays, and then scanning is performed on a part of the cargo compartment of V1 that has not yet exited the scanning area 104 with low dose rate rays, when the detection unit 108 detects that the whole V1 has completely exited the scanning area 104 (as shown in fig. 6), the radiation source 101 does not pause, but keeps emitting low dose rate rays until the detection unit 108 detects that the vehicle head of V2 has exited the scanning area 104 (at this time, the detection unit 108 also detects that V2 is a truck), and the control module 103 controls the radiation source 101 to switch to the high dose rate mode again (as shown in fig. 7) to scan the cargo compartment of V2 with high dose rate rays; then, when the detection unit 108 detects that V2 has completely left the scanning area 104, the control module 103 causes the radiation source 101 to stop emitting radiation. Of course, if V2 has not completely left the scanning area 104 and the radiation source 101 is still in the high dose rate mode, and another vehicle V3 enters the detection channel to trigger the detection unit 105, the radiation source 101 can be made to immediately enter the low dose rate mode, and the similar procedure as described above can be performed.
The key of the above control flow is that when the rear vehicle V2 reaches the detection unit 105 of the safety boundary, the high dose rate mode of the radiation source 101 is switched to the low dose rate mode, so as to ensure that the dose received by the passenger of the rear vehicle is below the safety limit value, and the situation that the high dose rate ray mistakenly scans the cab is avoided.
In addition, if the radiation source 101 is not in the high dose rate mode when the rear vehicle V2 reaches the detection unit 105 of the safety margin, the operating state of the radiation source 101 does not need to be changed. For example, when the detection unit 108 detects that the front vehicle V1 is a small passenger vehicle (the height of the vehicle body is lower than H), the control unit 103 does not notify the radiation source 101 to switch to the high dose rate mode, but performs full-vehicle scanning on the small passenger vehicle of the front vehicle V1 in the low dose rate mode, so that there is no possibility that the dose received by the passenger in the rear vehicle V2 exceeds the safety limit.
Alternatively, in order to shorten the total time for the radiation source 101 to emit beams and reduce the dose received by the vehicle occupants, for the embodiment of fig. 5, during the period that the radiation source 101 is in the high dose rate mode, after V2 drives into the detection channel to trigger the detection unit 105 but before the detection unit 106 is triggered, if the detection unit 108 detects that the front vehicle V1 as a whole completely leaves the scanning region 104, the control module 103 stops emitting the radiation source 101, and until V2 triggers the detection unit 106, the control module 103 does not make the radiation source 101 emit low dose rate radiation and starts scanning the V2. This scanning procedure reduces the total time that the radiation source 101 is out of the beam and reduces the radiation dose that vehicle occupants receive without affecting the scanning of the successively passing V1 and V2.
Figure 8 is a side view of a radiation scanning system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. With respect to fig. 4, fig. 8 adds a detection unit 107, which is adjacent to the downstream-side boundary of the scanning area 104, for detecting whether the vehicle as a whole has traveled out of the scanning area 104. In operation, if the detecting unit 107 returns from the triggered state to the non-triggered state, it indicates that the tail of the vehicle has moved away from the detecting unit 107, i.e. the vehicle has moved away from the scanning area 104 as a whole.
Note that the function of the detection unit 107 is the same as the function of the third function of the detection unit 108, so in the scanning process, the control module 103 may obtain information that the vehicle has moved away from the scanning area 104 according to the trigger state of the detection unit 107, instead of the third function of the detection unit 108.
Since the detection unit 107 is closer to the downstream boundary of the scanning area 104 than the detection unit 108, once the vehicle is driven away, the detection unit 107 can detect the vehicle at the first time and report the vehicle to the control module 103 in time to stop the scanning of the radiation source 101, and thus the provision of the detection unit 107 can shorten the scanning time of the radiation source 101 as a whole.
Figure 9 is a side view of a radiation scanning system according to yet another embodiment of the present invention. With respect to fig. 4, fig. 9 adds a detection unit 109, which is located within the scanning area 104, for detecting whether the head of the vehicle has driven out of the scanning area 104.
Note that the detection unit 109 functions as the second function provided in the detection unit 108. However, the operation mechanism of the two is different, and the detection unit 109 determines whether the vehicle head has moved away from the scanning area 104 by recognizing a gap between the vehicle head and the cargo space (e.g., container) of the vehicle. Specifically, in operation, after the vehicle head enters the scanning area 104, the detection unit 109 is triggered, and in a time period before the vehicle is entirely driven away, if the detection unit 109 returns to be not triggered, indicating that the scanning object corresponding to the time period is a gap between the vehicle head and the cargo compartment, then the cargo compartment of the vehicle enters the scanning area 104 after the time period. That is, the change of the trigger state of the detection unit 109 reflects the gap between the vehicle head and the cargo compartment, and in the scanning process, the control module 103 identifies the gap according to the trigger signal of the detection unit 109, and after the gap passes, the radiation source 101 is switched to the high dose rate mode to scan the cargo compartment, so as to replace the second function of the detection unit 108. In the case that some vehicles do not have a gap between the vehicle head and the cargo compartment, 109 cannot detect whether the vehicle head has passed through the scanning area, and in this case, when 108 is triggered, it indicates that the vehicle head has passed through the scanning area, and the control module 103 switches the radiation source 101 to the high dose rate mode to scan the cargo compartment according to the trigger signal of the detection unit 108.
Preferably, the detection unit 109 is arranged within the scanning area 104 near the downstream side boundary of the scanning area 104. The detection unit 109 may employ a measuring light curtain.
The advantage of setting up detecting element 109 is that once the locomotive leaves scanning area 104, detecting element 109 can detect at the very first time, in time reports to control module 103, makes radiation source 101 convert the high dose rate mode scanning into, can avoid examining the neglected of cargo hold, furthest improves the suspect detection ability of equipment.
It is understood that in the preferred embodiment having both the detection unit 107 and the detection unit 109, only the photoelectric switch in the detection unit 108 may be reserved for detecting the type of the vehicle, while the light curtain in the detection unit 108 is cancelled.
In practical operation, there are different types of vehicles passing through the detection channel in a single-vehicle or multiple-vehicle continuous manner, and multiple operation modes can be set for the radiation scanning system of the present invention, and each operation mode is based on the flow of the above-described embodiment of the present invention, and is only exemplified here. Referring to fig. 10, most of the settable system operating modes are included.
a) Small passenger vehicle
The state transitions are as follows: s0- > S1- > S0.
b) Cargo vehicle
The state transitions are as follows: s0- > S1- > S2- > S0.
c) Small-sized passenger vehicle following cargo vehicle
The state transitions are as follows: s0- > S1- > S2- > S3- > S5- > S6- > S0.
d) Small passenger vehicle following small passenger vehicle
The state transitions are as follows: s0- > S1- > S7- > S1- > S0.
e) Small passenger carrying vehicle following cargo carrying vehicle
The state transitions are as follows: s0- > S1- > S7- > S1- > S2- > S0.
f) The load-carrying vehicle follows the load-carrying vehicle
The state transitions are as follows: s0- > S1- > S2- > S3- > S5- > S6- > S2- > S0.
g) Passing n small passenger vehicles in series in front of the vehicle
The front vehicle is a cargo vehicle, and the state transition is as follows: s0->S1->S2->S3->(S5->S6)n->S0。
The front vehicle is a small passenger carrying vehicle, and the state transition is as follows: s0- > S1- > (S7- > S1) n- > S0.
h) Passing n cargo vehicles in succession immediately in front
The front vehicle is a cargo vehicle, and the state transition is as follows: s0->S1->S2->(S3->S5->S6->S2)n->S0。
The front vehicle is a small passenger carrying vehicle, and the state transition is as follows: s0->S1->S7->S1->S2->(S3->S5->S6->S2)n-1->And S0. Wherein,
state S0: the inspection system is ready and the radiation source 101 stops emitting radiation.
State S1: the radiation source 101 emits low dose rate radiation.
State S2: the radiation source 101 emits high dose rate radiation.
State S3: the radiation source 101 is switched to a low dose rate mode, emitting low dose rate radiation.
State S4: the radiation source 101 stops emitting radiation.
State S5: the radiation source 101 continues to emit low dose rate radiation.
State S6: the radiation source 101 continues to emit low dose rate radiation.
State S7: the radiation source 101 continues to emit low dose rate radiation.
Fig. 11 shows another state transition diagram, which is different from fig. 10 in that the detection unit 108 in fig. 11 simultaneously detects that the vehicle has left the scanning area (the third function of the detection unit 108).
In some embodiments, the radiation source 101 may be an accelerator radiation source, such as an electron linac, Betatron, race track electron cyclotron (RTM), neutron generator; or radioactive sources such as Co-60, Cs-137, etc.; but also an X-ray tube.
On the other hand, to ensure safety, a minimum value, for example 3km/h, should be specified for detecting the traveling speed of the vehicle in the tunnel. During the period from the time when the vehicle crosses the safety boundary to the time when the vehicle leaves the exit of the detection channel, if the vehicle speed is lower than the lowest allowable speed by 3km/h, the system suspends the scanning inspection operation, the radiation source 101 stops emitting the beam, and the scanning system suspends the operation.
Preferably, a buffer zone may be provided on the downstream side of the scanning area 104 to monitor the status of the vehicles in the buffer zone. As shown in fig. 12, the portion between the scanning area 104 and the exit of the detection passage is used as a traffic buffer, and the length of the traffic buffer should be no less than the maximum length of the vehicle to be detected, and may be 20m, for example. When the speed of the vehicle in the buffer zone is lower than 3km/h, the scanning system is suspended and the radiation source 101 stops emitting beams. The scanning system resumes operation until after all vehicles in the buffer have left. The buffer zone can realize automatic switching of the system between the working state and the pause state. When the road traffic is congested, the system does not need to be manually intervened.
In some embodiments, a sensor 112 for vehicle information identification, such as a license plate identification sensor and/or a vehicle type identification sensor, may be disposed in the detection channel, and may identify a license plate number and/or a vehicle identification number vin (vehicle identification number), may reflect characteristic information of the vehicle (for example, information of a vehicle type, a length and a height of a head and a cargo compartment, and the like), and the sensor 112 may also be disposed as a sensor that may identify a container number. In the embodiment of fig. 12, the vehicle information recognition sensor 112 is disposed at the entrance.
In certain embodiments, the control module 103 signals to the system that the scan for the vehicle has been completed, following which the scan for the next vehicle will be performed, based on the detection by the detection unit that the vehicle has left the scanning area 104. During such a continuous scan, segmentation of the scanned image may be achieved. For the 4 typical vehicle types shown in fig. 1, if 4 vehicle types are successively passed through the radiation scanning system of the present invention, the head portion of the cargo vehicle will be scanned with low dose rate radiation, the cargo portion will be scanned with high dose rate radiation, and the small passenger vehicle will be scanned with the entire vehicle at low dose rate. In one aspect, the system will produce 4 scan images, IMG1, IMG2, IMG3, and IMG4 in that order; on the other hand, the license plate identification sensor can identify the license plate number of each vehicle, and the container box number identification sensor can also identify the container box number of the container truck, so that LP1, LP2, CN1, LP3, LP4, CN2 and CN3 are obtained; binding the 4 scanned images and the identification numbers according to the corresponding relationship, as shown in fig. 13, can obtain the comprehensive information of the detected vehicle.
According to an empirical formula for X-ray radiation generated by electron bombardment of a metal target:
wherein, JxFor the X-ray dose, i is the average electron beam intensity (in. mu.A) and V is the beam energy (in MV), when V is 3MV, η takes 0.0271 and n takes 3, when V is 8MV, η takes 0.0964 and n takes 2.7, for the same electron beam intensity i, when V is 3MV and 8MV, respectively, the latter dose rate is about 36.1 times that of the formerThe adjustment of the ray dosage rate can be realized. Therefore, by properly adjusting the electron current and/or the radiation energy of the radiation source 101, the requirements of safety regulations can be met during scanning at a low dose rate state, and high radiation penetration capability can be obtained during scanning at a high dose rate state.
In some embodiments, the dose rate of the radiation is controlled by controlling the energy of the radiation source 101, wherein the radiation energy is lower than 4MeV in the low dose rate state and higher than 3MeV in the high dose rate state. When the radiation source 101 operates in a low dose rate state or a high dose rate state, the emitted radiation may be unienergy or dual-energy. The time for the radiation source 101 to switch between the high dose rate state and the low dose rate state is no more than 20 ms.
The source of radiation 101 may be a Betatron, such as a 7.5MeV Betatron manufactured by the university of russian Tombushels (TPU). The relationship between the energy of X-ray output and the dose rate is shown in Table 1 (the output dose rate is 100% when 7.5MeV is set):
| E,MeV | 7.5 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2.5 | 2.0 |
| RD,％ | 100 | 50 | 33 | 20 | 10 | 5 | 3 |
TABLE 1
In some embodiments, the control module 103 may calculate the speed at which the vehicle leaves the scanning area 104 based on the time at which the different detection units are triggered. A speed measuring radar or a visual sensor can be arranged at the outlet of the detection channel to measure the speed of the vehicle when the vehicle leaves the detection channel. According to the speed information and the sensor states, the control module 103 can determine whether a traffic jam condition or a vehicle fault parking condition occurs outside the exit of the detection channel, and if the traffic jam condition or the vehicle fault parking condition occurs, the control module 103 controls the scanning system to pause.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 12, a traffic light 111 and an automatic bar 110 may be disposed at an entrance of the detection passage, and the control module 103 controls the scanning system to automatically close the detection passage when the scanning system is suspended.
In some embodiments, the control module 103 may calculate the speed of the vehicle passing through the scanning area according to the time of the triggering of the detection unit. The scanning image is not distorted in the vehicle traveling direction by setting the pulse frequency of the pulsed radiation source 101 (e.g., accelerator) or setting the sampling frequency/time of the detector (e.g., radiation source, X-ray tube) or performing velocity compensation, or a combination thereof, according to the speed of the vehicle passing through the scanning area. In some embodiments, a speed radar or a vision sensor may also be used to obtain a real-time speed of the vehicle passing through the scanning area, and the scanned image may be corrected for vehicle traveling direction deformation according to the real-time speed of the vehicle passing through the scanning area.
In some embodiments, the inspection system obtains an image generated by scanning the low dose rate radiation from the time when the detection unit 106 detects that the vehicle is about to enter the scanning area to the time before the vehicle enters the scanning area, and the low dose rate radiation emitted by the radiation source 101 does not pass through the vehicle to be inspected, but passes through the detection channel and is directly received by the radiation detector. These image data can be used to correct for inconsistencies in the low dose rate response of the detector.
Similarly, in some embodiments, during the period from the time when the vehicle leaves the scanning area to the time when the detection unit 107 detects that the vehicle has left the scanning area, if the radiation source 101 always emits radiation at a high dose rate, the inspection system will obtain an image generated by scanning the high dose rate radiation, and the high dose rate radiation emitted by the radiation source 101 does not pass through the detected vehicle, but passes through the detection channel and is directly received by the radiation detector. These image data can be used to correct for inconsistencies in the high dose rate response of the detector.
The technical solutions of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, which are used to help understand the ideas of the present invention. The derivation and modification made by the person skilled in the art on the basis of the specific embodiment of the present invention also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (22)
1. A continuous-pass radiation scanning system, comprising: radiation source, collimator, radiation detector and imaging device, its characterized in that still includes: a first detection unit (105), a second detection unit (108) and a control module; wherein,
a first detection unit (105) for detecting whether the rear target reaches a predetermined position which is located upstream of the scanning area and which is apart from an upstream side boundary of the scanning area by a first length L1; wherein the scanning area is an area covered by the radiation of the radiation source in the detection channel;
the second detection unit (108) is used for detecting that a part needing to be scanned by the low-dose-rate rays in the front target object leaves the scanning area and a part needing to be scanned by the high-dose-rate rays in the front target object is about to enter the scanning area;
the control module is used for receiving signals from all the detection units and controlling the radiation source according to the signals; when the rear target object reaches the preset position and the radiation source scans with high-dose-rate rays, the control module controls the radiation source to be switched to scan with low-dose-rate rays.
2. The continuous-pass radiation scanning system of claim 1, wherein said first length L1 is equal to or greater than 1 meter.
3. The continuous-pass radiation scanning system of claim 2, wherein the second detection unit (108) is located downstream of the scanning region and at a second length L2 from a downstream side boundary of the scanning region.
4. A continuous pass-through radiation scanning system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the second detection unit (108) comprises a photoelectric switch and a light curtain, wherein the photoelectric switch is located at a height H from the ground, the light curtain is located on the ground directly below the photoelectric switch, and the distance from the photoelectric switch and the light curtain to the boundary of the downstream side of the scanning area is the second length L2.
5. The continuous-pass radiation scanning system of claim 4, wherein said height H is 2 meters or greater and said second length L2 is 2.5 meters or greater.
6. The continuous-pass radiation scanning system of claim 1, further comprising a third detection unit (106) located between the first detection unit and the scanning region, the third detection unit being adjacent to an upstream side boundary of the scanning region.
7. A continuous pass through radiation scanning system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a fourth detection unit (107) located between the scanning region and the second detection unit, the fourth detection unit being adjacent to a downstream side boundary of the scanning region.
8. A continuous-pass radiation scanning system according to claim 1, further comprising a fifth detection unit (109) located inside the scanning zone and near the downstream boundary of the scanning zone.
9. A continuous pass through radiation scanning system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a sixth detection unit (112) located between the entrance and exit of the detection tunnel, the sixth detection unit being adapted to identify the license plate number, vehicle identification number VIN and/or container number of the vehicle when the preceding or following object is a vehicle.
10. A continuous-pass radiation scanning system according to claim 1, wherein a speed radar or vision sensor is mounted between the entrance and exit of the detection channel.
11. A continuous-pass radiation scanning system according to claim 1, wherein a buffer is provided between the downstream-side boundary of the scanning area and the exit of the detection tunnel, the buffer being part of the detection tunnel of length L3; when the vehicle speed in the buffer area is lower than the preset speed, the control module controls the radiation scanning system to pause and close the detection channel, and when no vehicle exists in the buffer area, the control module controls the radiation scanning system to resume working and reopen the detection channel.
12. A continuous pass-through radiation scanning system as claimed in claim 11, wherein the length L3 of said buffer is equal to or greater than 20 meters and said predetermined speed is 3 km/h.
13. A continuous-pass radiation scanning system according to claim 1, wherein a traffic light and/or a stop bar is mounted at the entrance of said inspection corridor.
14. A continuous-pass radiation scanning method for scanning a vehicle in a detection corridor with radiation from a radiation source, the method comprising:
the method comprises the steps that firstly, when a first vehicle is detected to enter a scanning area, scanning is carried out by low-dose-rate rays;
a second step of converting the part of the first vehicle which needs to be scanned by the low dose rate rays into high dose rate rays for scanning after leaving the scanning area and when the part which needs to be scanned by the high dose rate rays enters the scanning area;
thirdly, stopping scanning after the first vehicle completely leaves the scanning area; wherein,
in the second step, during scanning with high dose rate rays, if it is detected that a second vehicle in the detection channel has reached a predetermined safety boundary, immediately controlling the radiation source to convert scanning with high dose rate rays into scanning with low dose rate rays;
fourthly, when a second vehicle is detected to enter the scanning area, continuing to scan by using the low-dose-rate rays;
fifthly, taking the second vehicle as a new first vehicle, and turning to the second step; wherein,
the safety boundary is located upstream of the scanning area, and the distance between the safety boundary and the upstream side boundary of the scanning area is a predetermined length L1.
15. A continuous pass-through radiation scanning method as claimed in claim 14, wherein said predetermined length L1 is 1 meter or more.
16. A continuous pass-through radiation scanning method as claimed in claim 14, wherein after the first step and before the second step, the method further comprises: detecting the type of the first vehicle, and if the first vehicle is a cargo vehicle, turning to the second step; if the first vehicle is a passenger vehicle, turning to the third step; and the number of the first and second groups,
after the fourth step and before the fifth step, the method further comprises: detecting the type of the second vehicle, and if the second vehicle is a cargo vehicle, turning to the fifth step; and if the second vehicle is a passenger carrying vehicle, taking the second vehicle as a new first vehicle, and turning to the third step.
17. A continuous-pass radiation scanning method according to claim 14, wherein after said converting the scanning with high dose rate radiation to scanning with low dose rate radiation and before said detecting that a second vehicle is about to enter the scan region, said method further comprises: the radiation source is controlled to suspend scanning until a second vehicle is detected about to enter the scanning area, and scanning is commenced at the low dose rate.
18. A continuous pass-through radiation scanning method as claimed in claim 14, wherein in scanning a vehicle in a detection corridor, the method further comprises: and recognizing the license plate number, the vehicle identification code VIN and/or the container number of the vehicle, and binding the scanned image of the vehicle with the corresponding license plate number, the vehicle identification code VIN and/or the container number.
19. A continuous pass-through radiation scanning method as claimed in claim 14, wherein in scanning a vehicle in a detection corridor, the method further comprises: and acquiring the running speed of the vehicle in the detection channel, controlling the radiation source to suspend scanning when the running speed is less than 3km/h, and controlling the radiation source to resume scanning when the running speed is more than or equal to 3 km/h.
20. A continuous pass-through radiation scanning method as claimed in claim 14, wherein in scanning a vehicle in a detection corridor, the method further comprises: setting a buffer area at the downstream side of the scanning area, controlling the radiation scanning system to pause when the running speed of a vehicle in the buffer area is less than 3km/h, closing the detection channel, controlling the radiation scanning system to resume working until no vehicle exists in the buffer area, and reopening the detection channel; wherein the length of the buffer zone is greater than the maximum length of the vehicle allowed to pass through the detection channel.
21. A continuous pass-through radiation scanning method as claimed in claim 14, wherein in scanning a vehicle in a detection corridor, the method further comprises: the scanned image of the vehicle is corrected for deformation in the direction of travel of the vehicle based on the speed of the vehicle as it passes through the scanned area.
22. A continuous pass-through radiation scanning method as claimed in claim 14, wherein in scanning a vehicle in a detection corridor, the method further comprises: and the inconsistency of the low-dose-rate ray response of the radiation detector is corrected, and the inconsistency of the high-dose-rate ray response of the radiation detector is corrected.
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