A kind of sheet material creep extensometer
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of deformation measuring device for metal material Creep Mechanics performance test, belong to test apparatus
Field.
Background technology
Metal material creep test is a kind of high temperature tension test carried out under steady temperature permanent load.Extensometer is
An indispensable part in the test of metal material Creep Mechanics performance test.The test of metal material creep test typically selects rod
Material sample carries out Creep Mechanics performance test, and with the development of material science, creep test is carried out with bar sample can not expire
Sufficient design of material use demand.Many metal materials need the Creep Mechanics performance for using sheet coupon to try in design in the middle of
Test data.Current country's creep test is tested used extensometer and typically all uses bar creep extensometer, is all a kind of specification
A kind of special extensometer of specification of bar sample carry out the measurement of the deformation of creep, not dedicated for different size sheet coupon
The creep extensometer of test, carries out experimental test and can not meet design of material to use need with existing bar creep extensometer
Ask.And currently the temperature in use of the bar creep extensometer that the country uses typically all below 1100 DEG C, can not meet metal
Testing requirement of the high-temperature material test temperature at 1100 DEG C~1200 DEG C.
The content of the invention
Demand it is an object of the invention to be directed to sheet coupon Creep Mechanics performance test, design is used for there is provided one kind
The creep extensometer of sheet metal material sample Creep Mechanics performance test.The design of the extensometer is tested in view of actual tests
In have the sheet coupon of different-thickness and different gauge length specifications, by the design to extensometer frame structure, realize one pair
The multi-functional of extensometer uses.By designing the sheet coupon clamping cushion block of different size, with replacing sheet coupon clamping cushion block
Method, realized on one pair of extensometer thickness be 0.5mm~4mm sheet coupon creep test test;By adjustment
The method of extensometer gage length length, realizes the creep that gauge length is 20mm~100mm sheet coupons on one pair of extensometer
Experimental test;In order to meet 1200 DEG C of superhigh temperature creep test testing requirements, the selection of material to extensometer frame is strengthened, choosing
With the high temperature alloy that heat-resisting quantity and antioxygenic property are more excellent, from orientation high temperature alloy DZ22 or single crystal super alloy DD3,
DD6, can be used for less than 1200 DEG C of all creep tests test.And the extensometer can be on the testing equipment of different model
It is general.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical measures:
This is extended and is calculated as mechanical creep extensometer, and by the way of contact type measurement, its structural design features is to be somebody's turn to do
Extensometer is by upper extensometer frame, as shown in Figure 2, lower extensometer frame, as shown in Figure 3, deformation measurement sensor, sheet coupon clamping
Cushion block and spring are constituted.Upper extensometer frame is by upper extensometer frame collar chuck, upper extensometer bar, range adjusting screw, locking screw
Mother, range adjusting screw locating support, pin, ball-collecting rack, steel ball and screw composition.Have one in the middle of upper extensometer frame collar chuck
Individual tapered mounting clip sleeve hole, is provided with two relative cuboid gap, gap width on the inner side conical surface in mounting clip sleeve hole
4.5mm;Process the cuboid gap of bar of being extended on two positioning weldings in the outside of upper extensometer frame collar chuck, the gap with
Mounting clip sleeve hole inner side conical surface cuboid gap is on one wire;The side pole of bar of being extended in two geomery identicals is welded in
In two cuboid gap on the outside of upper extensometer frame collar chuck, bar of being extended on two is welded in extensometer frame collar chuck
And bar of being extended on two is parallel to each other;Extended on two the other end of bar, it is tapped as interval processing 5 with 20mm successively
Extensometer gage length adjusts screw, and the relative tapped extensometer gage length regulation screw screw of selection two of which is respectively installed
One range adjusting screw locating support, by adjusting range adjusting screw locating support 5 extensometer marks on upper bar of extending
Different relative positions away from regulation screw make the gauge length of extensometer be matched with sample marking distance, meet 20mm~100mm gauge length sheet materials
The test of sample;One range adjusting screw is respectively installed on two range adjusting screw locating supports, in the regulation of each range
One locking nut is installed on screw;Near the position of bar of above extending on two range adjusting screw locating supports, respectively add
One through hole of work, and it is each in through-holes fix a pin, and two pins respectively with it is close on bar of extending it is vertical;At two
On the back side of range adjusting screw locating support extended on bar one ball-collecting rack with taper keyway is respectively installed, in taper keyway
Respectively place a rotatable steel ball.Lower extensometer frame is sensed by lower extensometer frame collar chuck, lower extensometer bar, deformation measurement
Device clamping position support, deformation measurement sensor, ball-collecting rack, steel ball and screw composition.The outward appearance shape of lower extensometer frame collar chuck
Shape is identical with the face shaping of upper extensometer frame collar chuck, and the tapered mounting clip sleeve hole in lower extensometer collar chuck centre
It is tapered in the middle of the size and upper extensometer frame collar chuck of rectangular-shape gap on geomery and the mounting clip sleeve hole inner side conical surface
Mounting clip sleeve hole geomery and mounting clip sleeve hole inner side the conical surface on rectangular-shape gap size it is identical, the lower extensometer frame collar
Chuck appearance and size is smaller than upper extensometer frame appearance and size, and the geomery of bar of being extended under two is identical, extended under two bar with
The positioning welding mode of lower extensometer frame collar chuck and above extend bar and the positioning welding mode of upper extensometer frame collar chuck
It is identical;Extended under two the bar other end outside weld two deformation measurement sensor holders locating supports, draw under two
A ball-collecting rack with taper keyway is respectively installed at the back side of boom welding deformation measurement sensor clamping position support, in taper keyway
In respectively place a rotatable steel ball.One is devised in half round table-like sheet coupon clamping cushion block, sheet coupon clamping
The side of half round platform of cushion block outside is the conical surface, and the taper of the mounting clip sleeve hole inner side conical surface is consistent in the middle of its taper and collar chuck;Plate
A cross recess is processed on the just double diameter end face of the bottom surface of round platform in material specimen clamping cushion block outside, is hung down with diameter end face
Nogata to groove size it is consistent with sample thickness, be 0.5~4mm.During clamping sample, select and sheet coupon thickness matching
Sheet coupon clamping cushion block, be respectively sandwiched on the top lug of sheet coupon with the cross recess of two plates specimen clamping cushion block and
On the bottom lug of sheet coupon, the mounting clip sleeve hole on upper extensometer frame and lower extensometer frame collar chuck is sandwiched in sheet material examination respectively
On the taper round platform that two plates specimen clamping cushion block on sample top lug and bottom lug is butted into, and holding is closely matched somebody with somebody
Close;By changing sheet coupon clamping cushion block, can clamping thickness for 0.5mm~4mm sheet coupon.
The present invention have it is simple to operate, clamping is efficient and convenient, can carry out less than 1200 DEG C various metal material creep power
Learn performance test;Extensometer gage length can adjust, and can test the sheet coupon that gauge length is 20mm~100mm;Thickness can be tested
It is the sheet coupon of 0.5mm~4mm;Can be used on the creep testing machine of different model, versatility is good.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is sheet material extensometer specimen clamping structure figure and partial sectional view;
Fig. 2 is upper extensometer frame structure chart;
Fig. 3 is lower extensometer frame structure chart;
Fig. 4 is sheet coupon clamping cushion block;
Fig. 5 is bar of above extending;
Fig. 6 is range adjusting screw locating support;
Fig. 7 extends bar under being;
Fig. 8 is ball-collecting rack and steel ball;
Fig. 9 is sheet coupon.
In figure:1 upper fixture, 2 sheet coupon clamping cushion blocks, extensometer frame on 3,4 times extensometer framves, 5 lower clamps, 6 springs,
7 deformation measurement transducer range expansion links, 8 deformation measurement sensors, 9 sheet coupons, bar of being extended on 10,11 ranges regulation spiral shell
Nail, 12 locking nuts, 13 range adjusting screw locating supports, 14 steel balls, 15 ball-collecting racks, 16 pins, extensometer frame collar clip on 17
The cuboid gap in mounting clip sleeve hole on head, extensometer frame collar chuck on 18, the mounting clip sleeve on 19 on extensometer frame collar chuck
Hole, bar of being extended under 20,21 times extensometer frame collar chucks, the cuboid in mounting clip sleeve hole slits on 22 times extensometer frame collar chucks
Mouthful, 23 deformation measurement sensor holders locating supports, 24 screws, the mounting clip sleeve hole on 25 times extensometer frame collar chucks, 260
Word groove, 27 extensometer gage lengths regulation screw, bar ball-collecting rack fixing threaded hole of being extended on 28,29 range adjusting screw lift adjustment spiral shells
Hole, 30 range adjusting screw locating support fixing threaded holes, 31 pin fixing holes, bar ball-collecting rack fixing hole of being extended under 32,34 tops are convex
Ear, 35 bottom lugs.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Referring to shown in accompanying drawing 1~9, the extensometer is by upper extensometer frame 3, lower extensometer frame 4, deformation measurement sensor 8, plate
Material specimen clamping cushion block 2 and spring 6 are constituted.Before the test, first by the tack welding of bar 10 of being extended in two present situation size identicals
It is connected in two cuboid gap in the outside of extensometer frame collar chuck 18, two range adjusting screw locating supports 13 use spiral shell
Nail is individually fixed on two the extensometer gage length regulation screw 27 on the outside of bar of extending, and two range adjusting screw positioning branch
The position of frame 13 is just relative;One inverted range adjusting screw is respectively installed on two range adjusting screw locating supports 13
11, and a locking nut 12 is installed in each range adjusting screw 11;On two range adjusting screw locating supports 13
Near each one through hole of processing in the position of bar 10 of above extending, and each in through-holes fix a pin 16, and two 16 points of pins
Not with it is close on bar 10 of extending it is vertical;Extended on two install on bar 10 range adjusting screw locating support 13 the back side it is each
One ball-collecting rack 15 with taper keyway is installed, and a rotatable steel ball 14 is respectively placed in taper keyway, extended on composition
Meter frame 3.To be extended under two geomery identicals bar 20 in the same way positioning welding in lower extensometer frame collar chuck
In the cuboid gap in 21 outsides, a deformation measurement sensor folder is respectively welded on the outside of the other end of bar 20 of being extended under two
Locating support 23 is held, the position of two deformation measurement sensor holders locating supports 23 is just relative, each deformation measurement sensor
The center line in the deformation measurement sensor holders hole on clamping position support 23 is parallel with bar 20 of extending is connected down;At two
Under extend and the back side of deformation measurement sensor holders locating support 23 be installed on bar 20 ball-collecting rack with taper keyway is respectively installed
15, and a rotatable steel ball 14 is respectively placed in taper keyway, the lower extensometer frame 4 of composition.When clamping is tested, exist first
Screw is screwed on screw 24 on deformation measurement sensor holders locating support 23, two changes that will be connected with testing machine with screw
Shape measurement sensor 8 is held on deformation measurement sensor holders locating support 23, the length direction of deformation measurement sensor 8 with
Under bar 20 of extending it is parallel;One end of sheet coupon 9 is fixed on lower clamp 5 with pin, selects the size of cross recess 26 and plate
The sheet coupon clamping cushion block 2 of the thickness matching of material sample 9, plate is clipped in the cross recess 26 of two plates specimen clamping cushion block 2
Taper round platform is butted on 9 two bottom lugs 35 of material sample, the top of sheet coupon 9 is passed through on lower extensometer frame collar chuck
The cuboid gap 22 in mounting clip sleeve hole is enclosed within sheet coupon 9, and lower extensometer frame 4 is moved into 9 bottom lug of sheet coupon 35
Put on the taper round platform that the two plates specimen clamping cushion block 2 being enclosed within 9 two bottom lugs 35 of sheet coupon is butted into, closely
Coordinate;Two bars 20 of being extended parallel under is flat on the rolling steel ball 14 extended under two on the inner side ball-collecting rack 15 of bar 20 and lower pull bar
Face contacts.It is clipped on 9 two top lugs 34 of sheet coupon with the cross recess 26 of two plates specimen clamping cushion block 2 and is butted into
Taper round platform, the top of sheet coupon 9 is enclosed within sheet material through the cuboid gap 17 in mounting clip sleeve hole on upper extensometer frame collar chuck
On sample 9, upper extensometer frame 3 is moved to the position of 9 top lug of sheet coupon 34 is enclosed within the top lug 34 of sheet coupon 9 two
On the taper round platform that block sheet coupon clamping cushion block 2 is butted into, it is fitted close;By changing sheet coupon clamping cushion block 2, can fill
Folder thickness is the sheet coupon 9 of 0.5mm~4mm.The relative extensometer gage lengths regulation of selection two on bar 10 of being extended on two
The screw of screw 27 respectively installs a range adjusting screw locating support 13, is existed by adjusting range adjusting screw locating support 13
On different relative positions of 5 extensometer gage length regulation screws 27 on bar 10 of extending make the gauge length of extensometer and sample marking distance
Match somebody with somebody, meet the test of 20mm~100mm gauge length samples;Two terminations of range adjusting screw 11 pass with two deformation measurements respectively
The termination docking of the range expansion link 7 of sensor 8, adjusting the adjustable height of two range adjusting screws 11 passes two deformation measurements
The range expansion link 7 of sensor 8 is in compressive state, the measurable range of two deformation measurement sensors 8 is adjusted to test requirements document
Deformation measurement in the range of, then the length of range adjusting screw 11 is locked with locking nut 12, prevent from producing shifting in process of the test
The accuracy of dynamic influence deformation of creep measurement;Rolling steel ball 14 on the inner side ball-collecting rack 15 of upper extensometer frame 3 respectively with it is close under
Bar 20 of extending is contacted, and ball-collecting rack 15 and steel ball 14 bar 20 of being extended with of bar 10 that makes to extend are spaced apart and are parallel to each other, and steel ball 14 subtracts
It is small above extend bar 10 and under the contact area extended between bar 20, upper extensometer frame 3 when reducing sample deformation in process of the test
With the frictional resistance of lower extensometer frame 4 relative displacement;With two springs 6 by pin 16 on range adjusting screw locating support 13
Two ends couple together, make to extend bar 10 and under extend bar 20 and under extend and be in close contact between bar 20 and lower pull bar, prevent examination
Extensometer deviates testing machine draw-bar pull center during testing, and the top of sheet coupon 9 finally is fixed on into upper fixture 1 with pin.