CN104372189B - A kind of founding for preparing aluminium alloy extrusions aluminium ingot - Google Patents
A kind of founding for preparing aluminium alloy extrusions aluminium ingot Download PDFInfo
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- CN104372189B CN104372189B CN201410742450.8A CN201410742450A CN104372189B CN 104372189 B CN104372189 B CN 104372189B CN 201410742450 A CN201410742450 A CN 201410742450A CN 104372189 B CN104372189 B CN 104372189B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of founding for preparing aluminium alloy extrusions aluminium ingot, including: S1, material preparation step；S2, shove charge step；S3, melting step；S4, refinement step；S5, alloy set-up procedure；S6, standing step；S7, step of skimming；S8, casting step；S9, sawing step.The present invention uses melting and refinement step, use nitrogen to carry out waste air, terminate all to skim after refine in melting each time simultaneously in refining process, it is to avoid there is bubble and impurity in the aluminum liquid after melting.Additionally, first sample analysis from refining liquid in alloy set-up procedure, and according to analysis result and aluminium alloy extrusions kind, requirement then in conjunction with Standard and aluminium alloy extrusions kind calculates the addition of alloying element, can be accurately controlled the content of alloy, and the requirement that the content of alloy can be up to state standards can be made.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminium alloy extrusions founding technical field, more specifically, be used for preparing particularly to one
The founding of aluminium alloy extrusions aluminium ingot.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy extrusions of the prior art uses founding as the processing of aluminium bar, will magnesium ingot, alusil alloy
First it is dissolved into solution Deng auxiliary material, is then processed into aluminium bar by the method for casting, but in prior art, founding is not
Can accurately control the crudy of aluminium alloy extrusions, such as: aluminium alloy extrusions after shaping exists bubble, impurity etc., especially
It is the requirement that the alloy content in aluminium alloy extrusions does not reaches national standard after molding.Therefore, it is necessary to design one is used for
Prepare the founding of aluminium alloy extrusions aluminium ingot.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of founding for preparing aluminium alloy extrusions aluminium ingot, this technique makes
The requirement that aluminium alloy extrusions out has that quality is high, bubble-free and impurity and alloy content can be up to state standards.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of founding for preparing aluminium alloy extrusions aluminium ingot, comprises the following steps,
S1, material preparation step, according to the requirement of processing, prepare appropriate magnesium ingot and alusil alloy material；
S2, shove charge step, add in casting furnace by the magnesium ingot prepared in step S1 and alusil alloy material, at loading furnace process
In be initially charged with cobbing and new reclaimed materials reenters the solid big block of dress aluminium ingot and heavy burder；
S3, melting step, be heated to the technological temperature of 710～760 DEG C by casting furnace, in fusion process, stirs aluminum liquid,
Push at furnace high-temperature by failing the aluminium ingot of fusing, bulk metal aluminum, after furnace charge is all melted, add section bar head, tailing,
Until completely melted, the technological temperature of temperature of aluminum liquid to 710～760 DEG C, then uniform stirring are controlled；
S4, refinement step, this refinement step includes for the first time refine and second time refine, described first time refine include by
Casting furnace is heated to 710～760 DEG C, refine 10～15min, refining agent, slagging agent is loaded in casting furnace, is connect by exhaustor
Upper nitrogen, is transferred to 0.2～0.3Mpa by the pressure of nitrogen, is stretched into by exhaustor in stove in aluminum liquid, in casting furnace around
Move back and forth；Described second time refine includes being heated to casting furnace 730～760 DEG C, refine 20～30min, then is adjusted by alloy
Whole required silicon alloy, magnesium ingot and aluminum titanium boron block addition casting furnace are interior and stir, and add refining agent and carry out after all having melted
Refine, connects nitrogen by exhaustor simultaneously, and the pressure of nitrogen is transferred to 0.2～0.3Mpa, and exhaustor stretches into aluminum liquid in stove
In, around move back and forth in casting furnace；
S5, alloy set-up procedure, after refine, first sample analysis from refining liquid, and close according to analysis result and aluminum
Metal type material kind, then in conjunction with the addition of the requirement calculating alloying element of Standard and aluminium alloy extrusions kind, finally will
Alloying element required for adding according to the addition calculated；
S6, standing step, the temperature adjusting casting furnace is 710～750 DEG C, stands 20～30min；
S7, step of skimming, each melting in step S3 and S4 terminate with refine after, by casting furnace temperature control
To 850～1000 DEG C, and take the scum silica frost on aluminum liquid surface off；
S8, casting step, open the liquid outlet of casting furnace, make aluminum liquid stream through drainage screen laggard enter in crystallizer, treat aluminum liquid
In fully flowing into crystallizer, rear casting machine casts；
S9, sawing step, the aluminium alloy extrusions after casting being completed according to required length carries out sawing.
Preferably, before shove charge step, baker step and prepurging step are also included；When casting furnace is newly-built casting furnace,
Concretely comprising the following steps of baker first uses firewood baker five days, then uses coal fire baker two days, and oven drying temperature≤700 DEG C；When
When casting furnace is overhaul stove, concretely comprising the following steps of baker first uses wood stove three days, then uses coal fire baker two days, and baker temperature
Spend≤700 DEG C；When casting furnace is long-time untapped stove, concretely comprising the following steps of baker uses coal fire baker one day and dries
Furnace temperature is 700～800 DEG C；Described prepurging step is to use shovel the furnace wall of casting furnace, chimney corner, furnace bottom to be cleaned out.
Preferably, in alloy set-up procedure, from refining liquid, the step of sampling is particularly as follows: each in stove different two
Take a sample, and sample at 1/3～1/2 under aluminum liquid.
Preferably, described aluminium alloy extrusions is aluminium bar.
Preferably, the size of described aluminium bar is 90mm, 115mm or 140mm.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that: the present invention uses melting and refinement step, in refining process
Use nitrogen to carry out waste air, terminate all to skim after refine in melting each time simultaneously, it is to avoid after melting
Aluminum liquid exists bubble and impurity.First sample analysis from refining liquid in alloy set-up procedure, and according to analysis result and aluminum
Alloy profile kind, then in conjunction with the addition of the requirement calculating alloying element of Standard and aluminium alloy extrusions kind, can essence
The true content controlling alloy, and the requirement that the content of alloy can be up to state standards can be made.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
In having technology to describe, the required accompanying drawing used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawing in describing below is only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to
Other accompanying drawing is obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the founding for preparing aluminium alloy extrusions aluminium ingot of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, so that advantages and features of the invention energy
It is easier to be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, thus protection scope of the present invention is made apparent clear and definite defining.
Refering to shown in Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of founding for preparing aluminium alloy extrusions aluminium ingot, specifically includes
Following steps:
1, batching step: according to production planning and sequencing requirement, reasonably combined aluminium ingot, reworked material, reworked material therein should be through inspection
It is qualified to test, and has put the material that classification is piled up in storage.
2, material preparation step: get out magnesium ingot, alusil alloy auxiliary material and related tool.Related description is as follows:
Table 1
3, shove charge step: be initially charged with cobbing in loading furnace process and new reclaimed materials reenters the solid big block such as dress aluminium ingot
And heavy burder.Related description is as follows:
3.1, roast technic controls, and technology controlling and process is as shown in table 2 below.
Table 2
3.2, the stove before shove charge feeds intake, should clean out burner hearth；And should first clear up stove after every heat casting
Bottom ash, then could produce again in shove charge.
3.3, prepurging: monthly must make a call to a burner, a clear furnace bottom, with shovel, furnace wall, chimney corner, furnace bottom be cleaned out,
Heat up 2 hours and could shove charge produce.
3.4, shove charge: first dress cobbing and new reclaimed materials, refills solid big block and the heavy burders such as aluminium ingot；Furnace burdening should be done
Only, without fouls such as greasy dirt, oxide skin, water, cement.
4, melting step: casting furnace is heated to the technological temperature of 710～760 DEG C, such as 720 DEG C, in fusion process, stirs
Mix aluminum liquid, push at furnace high-temperature by failing the aluminium ingot of fusing, bulk metal aluminum, after furnace charge is all melted, add section bar
Head, tailing, until completely melted, control the technological temperature of temperature of aluminum liquid to 710～760 DEG C, such as 730 DEG C, then uniform stirring.Phase
Pass is described as follows:
4.1, technology controlling and process, the scope of technology controlling and process is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
4.2, fusion process often to stir aluminum liquid, the aluminium ingot failing to melt, bulk metal aluminum are pushed to furnace high-temperature
Place；After furnace charge all melts, add section bar head, tailing etc., continue to heat up, until completely melted, control temperature of aluminum liquid to work
Skill temperature, uniform stirring, prevent scaling loss.In the process, in addition to first time melting is naked light imitation frosted glass, other melting several times can not
Naked light imitation frosted glass.
5, addition step
5.1, charging technology, charging technology is as shown in table 4.
Table 4
5.2, when charging, Blowing stopper natural gas is answered, it is impossible to band fire feeds；Once charging can not be too much, just exposes with material
Liquid level is advisable；
6, refinement step: this refinement step includes for the first time refine and second time refine, described first time refine include by
Casting furnace is heated to 710～760 DEG C, such as 720 DEG C, and refine 10～15min, such as 12 minutes, refining agent, slagging agent are loaded founding
In stove, connect nitrogen by exhaustor, the pressure of nitrogen is transferred to 0.2～0.3Mpa, such as 0.25 Mpa, exhaustor is stretched into stove
In interior aluminum liquid, around move back and forth in casting furnace；Described second time refine includes being heated to casting furnace 730～760
DEG C, such as 740 DEG C, refine 20～30min, such as 22 minutes, then silicon alloy, magnesium ingot and the aluminum titanium boron block needed for alloy adjustment is added
Casting furnace is interior and stirs, and adds refining agent and carries out refine, connect nitrogen by exhaustor, by nitrogen simultaneously after all having melted
Pressure be transferred to 0.2～0.3Mpa, such as 0.25 Mpa, exhaustor is stretched in stove in aluminum liquid, in casting furnace around the most past
Multiple mobile.Related description is as follows:
6.1, technology controlling and process, refinery practice controls as shown in table 5 below.
Table 5
6.2, during refine aerofluxus for the first time, refining agent, slagging agent are loaded in fining pot, connects nitrogen, by nitrogen pressure
It is transferred to 0.2～0.3Mpa；Exhaustor is stretched in stove in aluminum liquid, move back and forth around smelting furnace；Now, note especially
At meaning furnace wall and chimney corner with no dead spaces, the gas in metal bath, scum silica frost upwards emersion is made.For the second time during refine, first by alloy
Silicon alloy, magnesium ingot and aluminum titanium boron block needed for adjustment adds in stove, with rake stirring, after all having melted, only enters with refining agent
Row refine, other operation requires identical, as by nitrogen etc. with refine for the first time.
6.3, after refine, during analytical sampling, should first take surface scum off, respectively take a sample at different two in stove,
And sample at 1/3 1/2 under aluminum liquid, in case the alloy of lower step adjusts.
7, alloy set-up procedure: after refine, first sample analysis from refining liquid, and according to analysis result and aluminium alloy
Section bar kind, then in conjunction with the addition of the requirement calculating alloying element of Standard and aluminium alloy extrusions kind, finally by root
Alloying element required for adding according to the addition calculated.Related description is as follows:
7.1, alloy composition controls standard, as shown in table 6.
Table 6
| Element | Magnesium | Silicon | Ferrum | Copper | Manganese | Zinc |
| Standard | 0.45-0.9 | 0.2-0.6 | ≤0.35 | ≤0.1 | ≤0.1 | ≤0.1 |
| Subject component | 0.50-0.56 | 0.38-0.42 | ≤0.35 | ≤0.1 | ≤0.1 | ≤0.1 |
7.2, according to on-the-spot sample analysis result and aluminium bar kind, calculate the addition of alloying element, add after measuring with platform balance；
When adding alloying element magnesium, magnesium ingot is pressed among aluminum liquid by application rake, it is to avoid it is exposed to scaling loss among furnace gas.
8, stand step: the temperature adjusting casting furnace is 710～750 DEG C, such as 740 DEG C, stand 20～30min, such as 25 points
Clock.Related description is as follows:
8.1, treat that second time refine is complete, after taking furnace rear analysis sample, aluminum liquid is carried out standing process, makes among aluminum liquid
Residue precipitates.
8.2, standing technique, this technology controlling and process is as shown in table 7 below.
Table 7
9, skim, fry ash step
9.1, skim: terminate in each melting, refine should take the scum silica frost on aluminum liquid surface off time complete；Slag temperature is controlled when skimming
850 DEG C～1000 DEG C, and take the scum silica frost on aluminum liquid surface off；Firmly want uniformly, steadily, it is to avoid aluminum liquid is taken out of；Claw slag with specially
Delivering to fry at ash with trolley, each trolley can only fill about most probably full.
9.2, ash is fried: frying ash pot and once can only fill a trolley ash, every pot of ash must be fried twice, has fried once, gets aluminum liquid
After fry again second time；The ash fried out should scatter cooling immediately；
10, casting step: open the liquid outlet of casting furnace, make aluminum liquid stream through drainage screen laggard enter in crystallizer, treat aluminum liquid
In fully flowing into crystallizer, rear casting machine casts.Related description is as follows:
10.1, process parameter control scope, as shown in table 8 below.
Table 8
| Rod footpath | Make temperature | Cooling water pressure | Casting speed | Coolant water temperature |
| 90 | 710---750℃ | 0.15---0.3Mpa | 150---170㎜/min | 50℃ |
| 115 | 710---750℃ | 0.15---0.3Mpa | 120---150㎜/min | 50℃ |
| 140 | 710---750℃ | 0.15---0.3Mpa | 100---130㎜/min | 50℃ |
10.2, the preparation before casting: gutter, shunting disk, muff etc. should be dried, clean out, noresidue aluminum etc.
Foul；And coat Pulvis Talci on its surface；Crystallizer surface should be bright and clean, and aluminum-free slag adheres to, and liquid outlet should unblocked plug；Adjust
Cooling water pressure is to processing range；Blotting hydrops at dummy bar head, turned down by shunting disk, be directed in place, dummy bar head rises to crystallizer
At interior 1/3；Install drainage screen (more than three layers)；Check that each system, instrument and the instruments such as electric power system are the most normal, complete simultaneously
Good and complete.
10.3, after above-mentioned preparation completes, open liquid outlet, make aluminum liquid stream through drainage screen；Plug rapidly the mouth of a river simultaneously
Chock plug, adjusts aluminum flow quantity；Temperature of aluminum liquid is controlled in processing range.
10.4, when aluminum liquid stream enters crystallizer, and liquid level rises to the 60 of shunting disk height, cooling water pump is opened, gently
Start casting machine (electric moter voltage is steadily adjusted to setting from 0V), claw the scum silica frost in shunting disk with slag cutter.
10.5, after aluminum liquid all discharges, should rapidly the aluminum liquid of chute, shunting disk be taken off in muff；Treat ingot casting lower end
Shut down after leaving crystallizer, cut off the water after gate solidification cooling；Dig shunting disk, rise casting machine, treat more than ingot casting emersion well head
During about 1.5m, stop rising, hang out casting rod.
10.6, the work after casting: remove upper and lower dish and chute is interior and remaining aluminum, remove the crust in shunting disk, crystallizer
And residue；Coat Pulvis Talci, prepare casting next time.
11, sawing step: the aluminium alloy extrusions after casting being completed according to required length carries out sawing.Related description
As follows:
11.1, technology controlling and process, technology controlling and process is as shown in table 9 below.
Table 9
11.2, by scheduling list requirement saw rod, and sawed aluminium bar is loaded in aluminium bar frame, pull in rod storehouse, stamp by
Heat (batch) number identifies.
On the whole, the present invention uses melting and refinement step, uses nitrogen to carry out waste air, simultaneously in refining process
Terminate all to skim after refine in melting each time, it is to avoid the aluminum liquid after melting exists bubble and impurity.And
And in alloy set-up procedure first sample analysis from refining liquid, and according to analysis result and aluminium alloy extrusions kind, then tie
The requirement closing Standard and aluminium alloy extrusions kind calculates the addition of alloying element, can be accurately controlled the content of alloy,
And the requirement that the content of alloy can be up to state standards can be made.
Although being described in conjunction with the accompanying embodiments of the present invention, but patent owner can be in claims
Within the scope of make various deformation or amendment, as long as less than the protection domain described by claim of the present invention, all should
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the founding being used for preparing aluminium alloy extrusions aluminium ingot, it is characterised in that: this founding includes following step
Suddenly,
S1, material preparation step, according to the requirement of processing, prepare appropriate magnesium ingot and alusil alloy material；
S2, shove charge step, add in casting furnace by the magnesium ingot prepared in step S1 and alusil alloy material, in loading furnace process first
Load cobbing and new reclaimed materials reinstalls the solid big block of aluminium ingot and heavy burder；
S3, melting step, be heated to the technological temperature of 710～760 DEG C by casting furnace, in fusion process, stirs aluminum liquid, will not
Aluminium ingot, the bulk metal aluminum that can melt are pushed at furnace high-temperature, after furnace charge is all melted, adds section bar head, tailing, have treated
After running down, control the technological temperature of temperature of aluminum liquid to 710～760 DEG C, then uniform stirring；
S4, refinement step, this refinement step includes refine for the first time and second time refine, and described first time refine includes founding
Stove is heated to 710～760 DEG C, refine 10～15min, refining agent, slagging agent is loaded in casting furnace, connects nitrogen by exhaustor
Gas, is transferred to 0.2～0.3MPa by the pressure of nitrogen, is stretched into by exhaustor in stove in aluminum liquid, in casting furnace around reciprocal
Mobile；Described second time refine includes being heated to casting furnace 730～760 DEG C, refine 20～30min, then alloy adjusts institute
The silicon alloy, magnesium ingot and the aluminum titanium boron block addition casting furnace that need are interior and stir, and add refining agent and carry out refine after all having melted,
Connect nitrogen by exhaustor simultaneously, the pressure of nitrogen is transferred to 0.2～0.3MPa, exhaustor is stretched in stove in aluminum liquid,
Move back and forth around in casting furnace；
S5, alloy set-up procedure, after refine, first sample analysis from refining liquid, and according to analysis result and aluminium alloy type
Material kind, then in conjunction with the addition of the requirement calculating alloying element of Standard and aluminium alloy extrusions kind, finally by basis
Alloying element required for the addition interpolation calculated；
S6, standing step, the temperature adjusting casting furnace is 710～750 DEG C, stands 20～30min；
S7, step of skimming, each melting in step S3 and S4 terminate with refine after, casting furnace temperature is controlled
850～1000 DEG C, and take the scum silica frost on aluminum liquid surface off；
S8, casting step, open the liquid outlet of casting furnace, make aluminum liquid stream through drainage screen laggard enter in crystallizer, treat that aluminum liquid is complete
In flowing into crystallizer, rear casting machine casts；
S9, sawing step, the aluminium alloy extrusions after casting being completed according to required length carries out sawing.
Founding for preparing aluminium alloy extrusions aluminium ingot the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in shove charge
Baker step and prepurging step is also included before step；When casting furnace is newly-built casting furnace, concretely comprising the following steps of baker is first adopted
With firewood baker five days, then use coal fire baker two days, and oven drying temperature≤700 DEG C；When casting furnace is overhaul stove, baker
Concretely comprise the following steps first with firewood baker three days, then use coal fire baker two days, and oven drying temperature≤700 DEG C；Work as casting furnace
During for long-time untapped stove, baker concretely comprise the following steps employing coal fire baker one day and oven drying temperature be 700～800
℃；Described prepurging step is to use shovel the furnace wall of casting furnace, chimney corner, furnace bottom to be cleaned out.
Founding for preparing aluminium alloy extrusions aluminium ingot the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: closing
In gold set-up procedure, from refining liquid, the step of sampling is particularly as follows: respectively take a sample in stove different two, and under aluminum liquid
Sample at 1/3～1/2.
Founding for preparing aluminium alloy extrusions aluminium ingot the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described aluminum
Alloy profile is aluminium bar.
Founding for preparing aluminium alloy extrusions aluminium ingot the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described aluminum
The size of rod is 90mm, 115mm or 140mm.
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| CN106435231A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 天津圣金特汽车配件有限公司 | Die-casting aluminum alloy smelting process |
| CN106282694A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-01-04 | 池州市安安精工铝业有限公司 | A kind of high-strength abrasion-proof aluminium alloy extrusions and preparation method thereof |
| CN107523707A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2017-12-29 | 福建奋安铝业有限公司 | The founding aluminium bar smelting technology of aluminium section bar |
| CN108048669B (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2019-06-25 | 福建奋安铝业有限公司 | A kind of smelting technology of the founding aluminium bar of aluminum profile |
| CN109136671A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-04 | 广东华劲金属型材有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy and casting ingot method of the production of metal casting technique |
| CN109539796B (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2020-01-14 | 广东华劲金属型材有限公司 | Sub-furnace deslagging method for metal casting |
| CN109158556A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-01-08 | 广东华劲金属型材有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the quick ingot casting of metal |
| CN111705230A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-09-25 | 湖北万佳宏铝业股份有限公司 | Manufacturing process of corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy template profile |
| CN112322920B (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2022-02-11 | 四川阳光坚端铝业有限公司 | Aluminum alloy casting production method |
| CN113564395A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-29 | 航桥新材料科技（滨州）有限公司 | Casting method of high-silicon wear-resistant aluminum alloy cast rod, high-silicon wear-resistant aluminum alloy cast rod and heat treatment method of high-silicon wear-resistant aluminum alloy cast rod |
| CN113444934A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-09-28 | 山东兴辰铝业科技有限公司 | Production process of high-precision heat dissipation aluminum material |
| CN114367784A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-04-19 | 江苏伟业铝材有限公司 | Casting process of aluminum profile |
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| CN102925759B (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2014-09-17 | 佛山市鸿金源铝业制品有限公司 | Aluminum alloy, preparation method and applications thereof |
| CN102489693A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-06-13 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for preparing aluminum alloy cast ingot with thinned crystalline grains |
| CN102732756B (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2014-09-03 | 绍兴电力设备有限公司 | Aluminum rod and preparation method thereof |
| CN103276257B (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2016-08-10 | 深圳深缆科技有限公司 | A kind of Aluminum alloy conductor rod for electrician |
| CN103555976A (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2014-02-05 | 张家港市昊天金属科技有限公司 | Aluminum bar smelting and casting process |
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