CN102925759B - Aluminum alloy, preparation method and applications thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy, preparation method and applications thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910000551 Silumin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 30
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910016583 MnAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018565 CuAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910018464 Al—Mg—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015372 FeAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The present invention discloses an aluminum alloy, which comprises the following components, by mass, 0.8-1.0% of Si, 0.75-0.95% of Mg, 0.01-0.09% of Cu, 0.45-0.85% of Mn, 0.10-0.24% of Cr, less than 0.25% of Fe, less than 0.15% of other impurities, and the balance of Al. A preparation method for the aluminum alloy comprises: adding raw materials to a furnace, and carrying out heating melting; adding a smelting co-solvent to carry out refinement; carrying out a pretreatment on the obtained melt; carrying out a smelting online treatment; filtering; casting; carrying out homogenization; and cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy. The high speed railway aluminum material produced by adopting the aluminum alloy has the following characteristics that: a tensile strength is 3-30% higher than the European standard, a yield strength is 8-36% higher than the national standard, elongation is 2-100% higher than the national standard, fatigue resistance can be more than 500 thousand times, and the aluminum material is suitable for high speed railway locators.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of alloy material, be specifically related to a kind of aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof, and the application in preparation high ferro steady arm.
Background technology
6082 belong to 6 * * * series (Al-Mg-Si) aluminium alloy, are the aluminium alloys that thermal treatment can be strengthened, and have medium tenacity and good welding property, erosion resistance, are mainly used in communications and transportation and Structural Engineering industry.As bridge, lifting machine, roof trusses, conveyor, transport-ship etc.In recent years, high-speed rail technology is constantly upgraded, and the end product that the alloying constituent of passing use is produced can only meet the technical requirements of aluminium for general railway, in order to adapt to the development of high-speed railway, the demand that speed-adaptive significantly promotes, application material property correspondingly also must improve.High ferro steady arm is the locating device using in high ferro electrification railway contact net, its effect is to guarantee that the relative position of osculatory and pantograph is in specialized range, and the Horizontal Tension of osculatory is passed to pillar, 6082 aluminium alloys have medium tenacity and good solidity to corrosion, density is light again, is the ideal material of manufacturing high ferro steady arm.Chemical composition mass percent to 6082 aluminium alloys in GB/T3190-2008 GB provides as follows: silicon Si:0.7～1.3%; Iron Fe :≤5.0%; Copper Cu :≤0.10%; Manganese Mn:0.4～1.0%; Magnesium Mg:0.6～1.2%; Chromium Cr :≤0.25%; Zinc Zn :≤0.20%; Titanium Ti :≤0.10%; Aluminium Al: surplus.Its tensile strength of mechanical property σ
b(MPa):>=205; Offset yield strength σ
0.2(MPa):>=110; Elongation δ (%):>=14.
But existing general its mechanical property of 6082 aluminium alloys cannot reach the requirement of high ferro steady arm, for meeting the requirement of China Express Railway to type material, aluminium alloy in GB is formed and dissects, optimizes, redesigned alloying constituent.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming and deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of strong mechanical performance aluminium alloy that meets high-speed electric railway operation, the present invention is optimized design to its raw material used, to reach the object of comprehensive raising material property.
Second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned aluminium alloy.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of aluminium alloy, by following component by mass percentage, formed: Si:0.8～1.0%, Mg:0.75～0.95%, Cu:0.01～0.09%, Mn:0.45～0.85%, Cr:0.10～0.24%, Fe:< 0.25, other total impurities: < 0.15%, Al: surplus.
In described aluminium alloy, the quality of Mg and the mass ratio of Si are preferably 0.92.
The preparation method of above-mentioned aluminium alloy comprises following operation steps: by aluminium ingot, magnesium ingot, aluminum silicon alloy, Mn additive, Cr additive and electrolysis copper coin shove charge heat fused; Add and smelt fusing assistant refining; The melt obtaining is carried out to pre-treatment; Then carry out melting online treatment; Filter; Casting; Homogeneous; The cooling aluminium alloy that finally obtains;
Aluminium in described aluminium ingot and the mass ratio of the silicon in aluminum silicon alloy are (70～80): 1; The add-on of Mn additive is 0.75～0.82% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight; The add-on of Cr additive is 0.27～0.33% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight; The add-on of magnesium ingot is 0.85～0.95% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight; The add-on of electrolysis copper coin is 0.04～0.05% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight.
The temperature of described heat fused is 720～760 ℃; Described refining temperature is 720～760 ℃, and refining time is 30～50 minutes, adopts high pure nitrogen exhaust after refining; Described pre-treatment is that melt is stirred 15～25 minutes at 720～760 ℃, then skims; Described melting online treatment is for adopting high-purity argon gas to carry out exhaust-gas disposal; Described being filtered into adopts 50 object ceramic filter plates to filter; Described casting temp is 680～720 ℃.
The application of above-mentioned aluminium alloy in preparation high ferro steady arm.
The analysis that alloying constituent forms:
(1) Si Mg:Si, Mg can undergo phase transition reaction: Si+Mg → Mg in the middle of adding alloy substrate simultaneously
2si, Mg
2si is present in sosoloid form in the middle of alloy substrate, is the main strengthening phase of alloy, and the mass ratio that the present invention designs Mg and Si is that 0.92, Mg and Si phase transformation reaction generate Mg
2si, and have the Si element being imbued with in alloy matrix aluminum, increase Mg
2the solubleness of Si in alloy substrate, has promoted Mg
2the heat treatment reinforcement effect of Si; Mg element, if any more than needed, can suitably improve the corrosion resistance nature of alloy material, but hinder Mg
2the dissolving of Si, weakens thermal effectiveness, therefore should not there be the Mg element being imbued with to exist;
The mechanical property of alloy material is with Mg
2the increase of Si and improving, but Mg
2the solubleness of Si in aluminum substrate is 1.85%, is generally no more than this value;
(2) Mn:Mn undergoes phase transition and reacts with matrix alloy aluminium in the middle of alloy matrix aluminum: Al+Mn → MnAl
6, MnAl
6be on good terms and stop the recrystallization process of aluminium alloy, improve recrystallization temperature, the crystal grain of refinement recrystallized structure, and can reduce the harmful effect of impurity iron, generate (Fe, Mn) Al
6; Mn elongation of alloy in the middle of alloy substrate has a great impact, and Mn mass percent of the present invention is 0.45～0.85%, will note reducing MnAl simultaneously
4generation;
(3) Cu:Cu in alloy matrix aluminum with alloy substrate aluminium generation respective reaction, CuAl
2can put forward heavy alloyed intensity mutually, in alloying constituent, Cu content increases, and the tensile strength of alloy material can improve, and has increased alloy material stress and fragility, but the unit elongation of alloy material, corrosion resistance nature can corresponding reductions, and phase transformation reaction is Cu+Al → CuAl
2;
(4) solubleness of Cr:Cr in aluminum alloy materials is minimum, and the tissue of Cr energy refinement alloy, stops the increase of recrystal grain, and can change the shape of metal structure crystal grain, put forward heavy alloyed toughness, improve the corrosion resistance of alloy, phase transformation reaction is Cr+Al → CrAl
7;
(5) Fe: mass percent≤0.5% of Fe in GB, Fe exists as detrimental impurity element in this alloy, Fe+Al → FeAl
3.In this alloy, the content of Si element is far longer than the content of impurity F e, so the phase transformation of some impurity F e element, Fe+Si+Al → FeSiAl
5(or Fe
2si
2al
9); Fe element become mutually acicular structure, be free in the middle of alloy substrate, at its sharp-pointed position, can produce stress concentration phenomenon, increased the fragility of alloy, low-alloyed mechanical property is fallen, therefore will strictly control the content of ferro element in alloy, the present invention further reduces on the basis of national standard≤0.5%, be strict controlled in≤below 0.25%.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following advantage and beneficial effect:
The used for high-speed railway aluminium that adopts aluminium alloy of the present invention to produce, its tensile strength is the high 3-30% of European standard on year-on-year basis, yield strength on year-on-year basis national standard exceeds 8-36%, elongation is the high 2-100% of national standard on year-on-year basis, suitablely on high ferro steady arm, apply, the high ferro steady arm fatigue performance of producing reaches more than 500,000 times.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is preparation technology's schema of embodiment 1 aluminium alloy cast rod.
Specific embodiments
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
Raw material
Aluminium ingot: adopt the aluminium ingot that the trade mark is Al99.7, in aluminium ingot, the mass percent of Al is more than 99.70%, aluminium ingot > > for conformance with standard GB/T1196-2008 < < remelting;
Magnesium ingot: adopt the magnesium ingot that the trade mark is Mg-2, the mass percent conformance with standard GB/T3499-2003 < < primary magnesium ingot > > of magnesium in magnesium ingot;
Aluminum silicon alloy: adopt the aluminum silicon alloy that the trade mark is AlSi12, the mass percent of silicon from aluminum-silicon alloy is 12 ± 1%, conformance with standard YS/T282-2000 < < aluminium intermediate alloy ingot > >;
Mn additive: adopt the manganese agent that the trade mark is 75#, in manganese agent, the mass percent of manganese is 75%, conformance with standard YS/T492-2005 < < aluminium and al alloy component additive > >;
Cr additive: adopt the chromium agent that the trade mark is 75#, in chromium agent, the mass percent of chromium is 75%, conformance with standard YS/T492-2005 < < aluminium and al alloy component additive > >;
Electrolysis copper coin: adopt the electrolysis copper coin that the trade mark is Cu-2, the mass percent conformance with standard GB/T 5231-2001 < < worked copper of copper and copper alloy chemical composition and shape of product > > in electrolysis copper coin;
Smelt fusing assistant: adopting the trade mark is RJ1-1 refining agent, conformance with standard YS/T491-2005 < < distortion aluminium and aluminium alloy solvent > >;
Refining gas: adopt high pure nitrogen, purity is that percent by volume is >=99.98%;
Melting online treatment gas: adopt high-purity argon gas, purity is that percent by volume is >=99.999%;
Above-mentioned raw materials is put into the smelting that heats up in two chamber circulation heat storing type energy-saving stoves, and smelting furnace be take Sweet natural gas as fuel, and technical process is as accompanying drawing 1, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) goal-setting: according to the requirement of used for high-speed railway aluminium, target setting: tensile strength is the high 3-30% of European standard on year-on-year basis, and yield strength on year-on-year basis national standard exceeds 8-36%, elongation is the high 2-100% of national standard on year-on-year basis;
(2) composition analysis is determined: according to target setting, carry out composition analysis, finally determine each composition quality per-cent, in Table 1;
(3) get the raw materials ready and weigh: according to national secondary measurement standard, weigh, the aluminium in aluminium ingot and the mass ratio of the silicon in aluminum silicon alloy are 75: 1; The add-on of Mn additive is 0.8% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight; The add-on of Cr additive is 0.3% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight; The add-on of magnesium ingot is 0.9% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight; The add-on of electrolysis copper coin is 0.05% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight;
(4) shove charge: by above-mentioned raw materials shove charge;
(5) heat up: make temperature in stove be controlled at 740 ℃, raw material fusing obtains melt;
(6) refining: add smelting fusing assistant in the melt obtaining in step (5), consumption is that melt per ton adds 2.0kg to smelt fusing assistant, refining temperature is 740 ℃, refining time is 40 minutes, after refining, adopt high pure nitrogen (purity >=99.98%) exhaust, pressure-controlling is at 0.15MPa, and blast is controlled at 0～200mm;
(7) alloy component analysis: the melt obtaining after step (6) refining is carried out to alloying element analysis, alloying constituent is controlled in the scope described in table 1;
(8) melt pretreatment: each element mass percent is met to the melt in scope described in table 1 and stir 20 minutes at 740 ℃, then skim;
(9) melting online treatment: adopt high-purity argon gas (purity >=99.999%) to carry out exhaust-gas disposal, pressure is 0.05MPa;
(10) filter: adopt 50 object ceramic filter plates to filter;
(11) casting: temperature is controlled at 680 ℃;
(12) cooling: water-cooled, water temperature is lower than 50 ℃;
(13) homogeneous: 550 ℃ ± 5 insulation 8 hours.
Embodiment 2
(1) goal-setting: according to the requirement of used for high-speed railway aluminium, target setting: tensile strength is the high 3-30% of European standard on year-on-year basis, and yield strength on year-on-year basis national standard exceeds 8-36%, elongation is the high 2-100% of national standard on year-on-year basis;
(2) composition analysis is determined: according to target setting, carry out composition analysis, finally determine each composition quality per-cent, in Table 1;
(3) get the raw materials ready and weigh: raw material (model is with embodiment 1) consumption is as follows: the aluminium in aluminium ingot and the mass ratio of the silicon in aluminum silicon alloy are 70: 1; The add-on of Mn additive is 0.75% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight; The add-on of Cr additive is 0.27% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight; The add-on of magnesium ingot is 0.85% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight; The add-on of electrolysis copper coin is 0.04% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight;
(4) shove charge: by above-mentioned raw materials shove charge;
(5) heat up: make temperature in stove be controlled at 720 ℃, raw material fusing obtains melt;
(6) refining: add smelting fusing assistant in the melt obtaining in step (5), consumption is that melt per ton adds 2.0kg to smelt fusing assistant, refining temperature is 720 ℃, refining time is 30 minutes, after refining, adopt high pure nitrogen (purity >=99.98%) exhaust, pressure-controlling is at 0.15MPa, and blast is controlled at 0～200mm;
(7) alloy component analysis: the melt obtaining after step (6) refining is carried out to alloying element analysis, alloying constituent is controlled in the scope described in table 1;
(8) melt pretreatment: each element mass percent is met to the melt in scope described in table 1 and stir 15 minutes at 720 ℃, then skim;
(9) melting online treatment: adopt high-purity argon gas (purity >=99.999%) to carry out exhaust-gas disposal, pressure is 0.05MPa;
(10) filter: adopt 50 object ceramic filter plates to filter;
(11) casting: temperature is controlled at 720 ℃;
(12) cooling: water-cooled, water temperature is lower than 50 ℃;
(13) homogeneous: 550 ℃ ± 5 insulation 8 hours.
Embodiment 3
(1) goal-setting: according to the requirement of used for high-speed railway aluminium, target setting: tensile strength is the high 3-30% of European standard on year-on-year basis, and yield strength on year-on-year basis national standard exceeds 8-36%, elongation is the high 2-100% of national standard on year-on-year basis;
(2) composition analysis is determined: according to target setting, carry out composition analysis, finally determine each composition quality per-cent, in Table 1;
(3) get the raw materials ready and weigh: raw material (model is with embodiment 1) consumption is as follows: the aluminium in aluminium ingot and the mass ratio of the silicon in aluminum silicon alloy are 80: 1; The add-on of Mn additive is 0.82% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight; The add-on of Cr additive is 0.33% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight; The add-on of magnesium ingot is 0.95% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight; The add-on of electrolysis copper coin is 0.05% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight;
(4) shove charge: by above-mentioned raw materials shove charge;
(5) heat up: make temperature in stove be controlled at 760 ℃, raw material fusing obtains melt;
(6) refining: add smelting fusing assistant in the melt obtaining in step (5), consumption is that melt per ton adds 2.0kg to smelt fusing assistant, refining temperature is 760 ℃, refining time is 50 minutes, after refining, adopt high pure nitrogen (purity >=99.98%) exhaust, pressure-controlling is at 0.15MPa, and blast is controlled at 0～200mm;
(7) alloy component analysis: the melt obtaining after step (6) refining is carried out to alloying element analysis, alloying constituent is controlled in the scope described in table 1;
(8) melt pretreatment: each element mass percent is met to the melt in scope described in table 1 and stir 20 minutes at 760 ℃, then skim;
(9) melting online treatment: adopt high-purity argon gas (purity >=99.999%) to carry out exhaust-gas disposal, pressure is 0.05MPa;
(10) filter: adopt 50 object ceramic filter plates to filter;
(11) casting: temperature is controlled at 700 ℃;
(12) cooling: water-cooled, water temperature is lower than 50 ℃;
(13) homogeneous: obtain the aluminium alloy cast rod that mean diameter is 150mm for 8 hours in 550 ℃ ± 5 insulations.
Result of implementation
The casting rod that embodiment 1～3 is made is carried out composition analysis according to standard GB/T7999-2007 < < aluminium and aluminium alloy photo-electronic directly reading emmission spectrometric analysis method > >, and detected result is as table 2.
The casting rod that embodiment 1～3 is made is according to GB/T 3246.1-2000 < < distortion aluminium and Al-alloy products microstructure method of inspection > > check, assay is as follows: alloy material grain fineness number 1-2 level, chip area < 0.4mm
2.
The casting rod making from embodiment 1～3, choose respectively 13 and carry out UT (Ultrasonic Testing) detection according to standard GB/T6519-2000 < < wrought aluminium alloy product ultrasonic detection method > >, selected casting rod head and tail diameter are detected, detected result is as described in Table 3, detected result shows that casting rod head and tail diameter are all over 150mm, illustrate that casting rod does not have crackle, it is qualified to detect.
The casting rod that embodiment 1～3 is made is squeezed into square tube, and (length is 41mm, wide is 21mm, wall thickness is 3mm), as-heat-treated condition is T6, square tube is carried out to mechanical property standard testing, tensile strength, Proof strength of non-proportional, elongation after fracture adopts German EN755-2:2008 method to measure, table 4 has provided mechanical property standard testing result, table 5 has provided German EN755-2:200 mechanical property standard, table 6 has provided Chinese GB/T6892-2006 mechanical property standard, by table 4, the Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloys that the present invention's production is found in table 5 and table 6 contrast is all apparently higher than German EN755-2:200 and Chinese GB/T6892-2006 mechanical property standard.
(length is 41mm to the aluminium alloy extruded one-tenth square tube that embodiment 1～3 is made, wide is 21mm, wall thickness is 3mm) through mechanical workout, make the high ferro steady arm described in Chinese patent CN201457116U, then to high ferro steady arm according to standard TB/T 2075.3-2002 < < contact nets in electrified railways component the 3rd part: headspan wire clamp > > carries out Fatigue Test, test result is as follows: through frequency 3Hz, load 3.0 ± 0.9kN, 5 * 10
5after inferior fatigue, sample is without distortion; After tired, 8.55kN protects 3 minutes no abnormality seens of lotus.
Each composition quality per-cent of table 1 aluminium alloy
| Si | Mg | Cu | Mn | Cr | Fe | Al |
| 0.88～0.92％ | 0.81～0.85％ | 0.05～0.07％ | 0.5～0.55％ | 0.16～0.23％ | 0～0.18％ | Surplus |
Each composition quality per-cent of the aluminium alloy that table 2 embodiment 1～3 obtains
| Al | Si | Fe | Cu | Mn | Mg | Cr | Ni | Zn | |
| Embodiment 1 | 97.16 | 0.892 | 0.15 | 0.0602 | 0.55 | 0.821 | 0.22 | 0.0058 | 0.0291 |
| Embodiment 2 | 97.45 | 1 | 0.18 | 0.01 | 0.45 | 0.75 | 0.1 | ＜0.0050 | 0.0291 |
| Embodiment 3 | 97.15 | 0.8 | 0.15 | 0.09 | 0.85 | 0.95 | 0.24 | ＜0.0050 | 0.0291 |
| Ti | Pb | Sn | Be | Ca | Sr | V | Zr | Cd | |
| Embodiment 1 | ＜0.0050 | ＜0.030 | ＜0.050 | 0.0003 | 0.0014 | ＜0.0005 | 0.0101 | 0.0247 | 0.0002 |
| Embodiment 2 | ＜0.0050 | ＜0.030 | ＜0.050 | 0.0003 | 0.0017 | ＜0.0005 | 0.0110 | 0.0240 | ＜0.0001 |
| Embodiment 3 | ＜0.0050 | ＜0.030 | ＜0.050 | 0.0003 | 0.0013 | ＜0.0005 | 0.0123 | 0.0260 | ＜0.0001 |
Table 3 UT (Ultrasonic Testing) detected result
Table 4 mechanical property standard testing result
The German EN755-2:200 mechanical property of table 5 standard
The Chinese GB/T6892-2006 mechanical property of table 6 standard
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. an aluminium alloy, is characterized in that: described aluminium alloy is comprised of following component by mass percentage: Si:1.0%, Mg:0.75%, Cu:0.01%, Mn:0.45%, Cr:0.10%, Fe:0.18%, other total impurities: < 0.15%, Al: surplus;
The preparation method of described aluminium alloy, comprises following operation steps: by aluminium ingot, magnesium ingot, aluminum silicon alloy, Mn additive, Cr additive and electrolysis copper coin shove charge heat fused; Add and smelt fusing assistant refining; The melt obtaining is carried out to pre-treatment; Then carry out melting online treatment; Filter; Casting; Homogeneous; The cooling aluminium alloy that finally obtains;
Aluminium in described aluminium ingot and the mass ratio of the silicon in aluminum silicon alloy are 70:1; The add-on of Mn additive is 0.75% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight; The add-on of Cr additive is 0.27% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight; The add-on of magnesium ingot is 0.85% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight; The add-on of electrolysis copper coin is 0.04% of aluminium ingot and silumin gross weight.
2. a kind of aluminium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the temperature of described heat fused is 720 ℃.
3. a kind of aluminium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described refining temperature is 720 ℃, and refining time is 30 minutes, adopts high pure nitrogen exhaust after refining.
4. a kind of aluminium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pre-treatment is that melt is stirred 15 minutes at 720 ℃, then skims.
5. a kind of aluminium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described melting online treatment is for adopting high-purity argon gas to carry out exhaust-gas disposal.
6. a kind of aluminium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described being filtered into adopts 50 object ceramic filter plates to filter.
7. a kind of aluminium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described casting temp is 720 ℃.
8. aluminium alloy according to claim 1 is applied in high ferro steady arm.
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| CN103555976A (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2014-02-05 | 张家港市昊天金属科技有限公司 | Aluminum bar smelting and casting process |
| CN103614579B (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-07-15 | 兴发铝业（成都）有限公司 | Energy-saving and efficient aluminum alloy casting process |
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| CN112853174A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 安徽鑫铂铝业股份有限公司 | High-toughness aluminum material for contact net |
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