CN104370370B

CN104370370B - A kind of river sewage purifying treatment method

Info

Publication number: CN104370370B
Application number: CN201410652545.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 傅珍检
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-11-17
Filing date: 2014-11-17
Publication date: 2016-06-22
Anticipated expiration: 2034-11-17
Also published as: CN104370370A

Abstract

The present invention proposes a kind of river sewage purifying treatment method, including step: river course water plant is: watermifoil, Herba Lythri Salicariae, circle coin grass, floating heart, Canna generalis Bailey, Herba Scirpi Tabernaemontani, Arundo donax, spend that Mugil cephalus grass, again power is colored in vain, one or more in Rhizoma Acori Graminei；River course aquatic vegetable is: one or more in water spinach, four seasons celery, Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, green water cress；Aquatic crops are in river course: one or more in Oryza sativa L., Semen Tritici aestivi, Brassica campestris L。Along with developing rapidly of domestic economy, industry agricultural the like waste puts in water, serious pollution is caused to China's water ecological setting, and people more carry out interesting height for the cry improved the ecological environment in recent years, people pollute for water and more carry out interesting concern, become domestic matter of utmost importance artificial floating island and can improve water pollution, scrubbing water resource, adopt a large amount of planting aquatic plants method to improve water ecological setting, it is possible to effective scrubbing water resource。

Description

A kind of river sewage purifying treatment method

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of waste water processing, in particular it relates to the purification method of a kind of river wastewater。

Background technology

Along with advancing at utmost speed of China's economy, southeast manufacturing industry is fast-developing, also brings the pollution to river and destruction problem。Modern ecological science thinks that ecological riverway construction refers under the premise ensureing river course safety, by building the engineering means such as ecological river bed and ecological revetment, reinvent a relative natural stability and the river ecosystem of health opening, can long term maintenance river course bio-diversity and ecological balance, the finally ecotopia of one people's water harmony of structure。

Currently, the main method that river sewage is administered includes (Fig. 1): 1, physical method, for instance dredge bed mud, machinery except algae, diversion erosion and deposition and water transfer etc.。2, chemical method, as coagulating sedimentation, addition chemical agent kill algae, add the precipitation of iron salt promotion phosphorus, add the methods such as Calx denitrogenation。3, the ecological bioanalysis of an ecological biological method mainly includes river aeration reoxygenation, biomembrance process. biological restoration, land treatment systems method, aquatic plant purification method etc.。

Bioremediation technology bioremediation technology refers to and utilizes microorganism and other biological. degraded in the hazardous contaminant matter scene in water body or soil, or is converted into the engineering technology system of nontoxic material。The bioremediation technology administered for river sewage mainly has two classes。One class is directly to add one or more microorganism fungus kinds through cultivating screening to polluted river channel water body, it have been experienced that cOD clearance mouth fourth reaches more than 9096。Another kind of is add bio-stimulant (nutrient substance) to polluted river channel water body. promote " original inhabitants " microbial growth。

Aquatic plant purification method is the effluent purification method of the self-purification function making full use of water plant。Purified treatment is carried out in certain waters scope for example with the phragmites communis etc. in Herba Spirodelae, wetland。But sanitary sewage enter problems such as can producing foul smell, insect and landscape impact, to consider the problems referred to above when therefore selecting, as selected the position plantation phragmites communis etc. in air port under spring and summer。

Summary of the invention

For the weak point that this area exists, the purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of river sewage purifying treatment method。

The technical scheme realizing the object of the invention is:

A kind of river sewage purifying treatment method, including step:

1) plantation river course water plant, including: watermifoil, Herba Lythri Salicariae, circle coin grass, floating heart, Canna generalis Bailey, Herba Scirpi Tabernaemontani, Arundo donax, spend that Mugil cephalus grass, again power is colored in vain, one or more in Rhizoma Acori Graminei。

Plantation river course aquatic vegetable, including: one or more in water spinach, four seasons celery, Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, green water cress；

Plantation river course aquatic crops, including: one or more in Oryza sativa L., Semen Tritici aestivi, Brassica campestris L

Bank plantation flowers, including: one or more in Flos Jasmini Sambac, gardenia jasminoides, Flos persicae, Radix Platycodonis, Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis, Folium Rhododendri Simsii, Chinese rose, Paeonia suffruticosa, Flos Camelliae Japonicae, Flos Aglaiae Odoratae, Flos Chrysanthemi。

Bank kind grass planting is: one or more in grassiness, rye grass, Herba Clinopodii Polycephali, Herba Leptochloae Chinensis, arabian cron, little water banyan, ferrum Phaleria macrocarpa, pasture and water, water orchid。

2) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control dispenser:

The plant of plantation uses medicament, including: copperas solution sprayed 1 time every 4-6 days,

Quick lime 15kg every mu, carbendazim 1kg, every mu carries out soil disinfection or the preventing and treating of 50% carbendazim 0.1-0.125% solution spray, metrifonate and marathon Emulsion 0.1% solution, pours with bamboo let after hole is inserted in seedbed。

0.1-0.3% carbamide 1 is enriched once every 7-15 days, even execute 8 times, centre sprays potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time in every 7 days, sprayed 0.1-0.3% borate 1 time every 8 days, promote that nursery stock is healthy and strong, strengthen winter resistance, the micro-fertile boron of foliage-spray, promote that nursery stock is sturdy, foliage-spray trace element zinc, magnesium, improve plant photosynthesis。

Wherein, adopt plantation, flowers, vegetable, Oryza sativa L. equipment be: coil pipe, cystosepiment, floating plate, steel wire rope, PVC manage in vain, one or more in waterproof rope, timber, steel pipe, respectively with cement pillar, timber, steel pipe, connect with waterproof rope, steel wire rope, iron wire etc.。

Wherein, described river course be river or inland river proper, big river easily washes out plantation equipment too greatly, and water surface width is not limit, so long as not navigating, control flood, unload flood river course can。

Ordinary water level problem: Large Scale Death after many water plant plantings, it is bad that one of them major reason is that water lev el control obtains。During plantation construction operation, owing to project not yet completion water body does not have complete water-retention, or in dry season in spring, water level is often on the low side。Construction manager it has been generally acknowledged that water plant can not leave water, and the depth of water is a bit more shallow, and it doesn't matter, often water plant planting below design isobath or more than equal pitch contour。During to water-retention or when water level increases to ordinary water level, owing to planting too deep, emergent aquactic plant " is drowned ", and floatingleaved plant leaf can not float the water surface " being suffocated ", submerged plant because of depth of water illumination cross weak and " dying of hunger "；Or owing to planting to exceed too much from normal water line, emergent aquactic plant is by " drought is dead "。Visible normal water line is the life line of water plant, to give enough attention when practice of construction operation to normal water line。Advise first determining normal water line at the scene with level gauge before plantation construction lofting, when plants configuration, the depth of water adaptability of each kind of plant is considered as unalterable quota。

Wave problem: river, river, loke shore abrasion are the natural processes of these water body Favorable evolutions, abrasion alluvial is also the key factor affecting these water bodys life-span。At nature along with the succession of water body, bank slope eases up and sedimentary soil, existence procreation for water plant creates condition, the growth of plant slow down the erosion of water bank, it is the resistance of succession, but the increasing substantially of the content of organic matter in the rotten deposition of plant, water, enrich water nutrition, improve aqueous bio amount, say that the succession of whole water body is contributive by water plant from this angle。

People important effect is that, of water body bank planting aquatic plants, the erosion slowing down wave to water front, it is ensured that normal water body environment。Water plant has become solid bank and this focus to contradiction of abrasion naturally。

Little water system in general scope within business building district and public lawn is little, navigation ban, sluggish flow, water front is washed away, corrode less, the plantation growth effect of water plant is little。The water bodys such as rivers and lakes bring very big difficulty owing to stormy waves, ship shape ripple or current wash away rapidly to the plantation of water plant, existence。As stormy waves and ship shape ripple will reflect directly or by embankment, directly patting consumingly or shake plant, so that plant leaf blade is broken, stem is broken off, even plant is uprooped, even the growth affecting plant causes that it is dead。Therefore forcing investigation during plantation, take, when plantation, disappear accordingly wave, bank revetment reinforcement technical measures according to wave feature, after hydrophyte restoration, emergent aquactic plant can play certain wave damping effect, and its root system also can play the solid bank effect of certain bank protection。

The solid bank of the wave that disappears can adopt multi-form according to different water front and wave intensity etc.。For open lake, the water front that weather shore, wave are high it is contemplated that use the wave alms bowl that disappears, but disappear wave alms bowl offshore back gauge should within 150 meters。Little for lake surface, the little water front of wave can adopt deal pile, Phyllostachys pubescens Mazei ex H.de Lebaie stake, and they had not only disappeared wave but also bank admittedly, were good selections。

Planting soil problem: planting soil is the nutrient source that water plant depends on for existence except floating plant, is again the basis supporting plant for emergent aquactic plant。The requirement of planting soil is meet above-mentioned two functions to determine by water plant。In general the mud of former water body is ideal planting soil, the artificial wetland of new excavation is filled out silt in combinations with the desilting of periphery rivers and lakes, as mud is difficult to purchase, at the topsoil in available water rice field, south, in the north as hydropenia rice field also can be selected for the higher dry farming layer soil of fertility。The sedimentation of certain time, hardening is given to after the planting soil backfill of viscosity weight。To the wave is high and the water front of hard dykes and dams is it should be noted that the planting soil of backfill is very easily fallen by wave erosion。Original water body also to consider during planting aquatic plants the growth problem of bed mud, bed mud situation before plantation, must be detected in water。Weather shore, hard dykes and dams bank bed mud be easily etched, often lack the growth of soft bed mud, this is totally unfavorable to planting aquatic plants, should adopt in advance disappear wave measure, reduce wave, then backfill planting soil again, could plant。

Artificial floating bed various functions is introduced:

Along with people's life development. the living environment for the mankind causes very big impact。Just can find out from the water pollution situation being seen everywhere。In order to improve this problem, manually have developed artificial floating bed。Along with the exploitation of artificial floating bed, the effect that artificial floating bed plays in water body purification. make it really become a multi-functional practical technique。Which artificial floating bed function has on earth？

One, water body treating instant effect

Artificial floating bed absorbs and the organic pollution in degradation water in water body, it is possible to quickly repairs water body, reaches the purpose purified water。And artificial floating bed price is also very reasonable. it is the engineering in a small investment, Shan of taking effect。

Two, biotic environment is improved

Artificial floating bed is the carrier of microbe survival procreation。Except the Organic substance in water can be absorbed, for water is carried the oxygen of abundance, additionally it is possible to for the various biological spaces providing a procreation of having a rest。Artificial floating bed makes water body be repaired, and defines a good natural ecological environment。

Three, environmental quality is improved

Artificial floating bed, except water pollution is administered the effect having clearly, is also equipped with environmental landscape function simultaneously。Artificial floating bed can not only be applied to repair polluted-water, and pollution treatment is antifouling. living environment can also be beautified。Create a beautiful urban look, it is possible to reach the effect got twice the result with half the effort。

Artificial floating bed is in water remediation and the effect played and environmental landscape effect in purifying. along with commonly used, obtain increasing accreditation。And artificial floating bed development prospect is considerable, it it is very useful a kind of engineering。

It is relatively conventional at present water pollution control type that biological floating island improves water body environment, first this kind of water pollution control mode rise in American-European state tomb, but in recent years this situation of China be also start fashionable gradually, it may be seen that be all occur in that the situation that biological floating island improves water body environment in a lot of places, especially for the transformation of some large-size lake, this and mode seem largely effective fruit。

In a line city coin of China, water pollution control generally requires and relates to a lot of problems, common administration way easily causes secondary water pollution, so increasing people begins through this with new way to carry out the improvement of water body environment, and with regard to present case, it is still extremely good that this improves effect, employs this kind of mode and carrys out pollution control of water and often can reach good regulation effect exactly。It is worth mentioning that, although it is all well and good to be that current biological floating island improves water body environment effect, but the real regulation effect wanting to have reached, need for real-time observation, if being find in use to occur in that some special situations also should report in time, so could quickly administer water and having polluted。

The inventive method has the advantage that

Along with developing rapidly of domestic economy, industry agricultural the like waste puts in water, serious pollution is caused to China's water ecological setting, and people more carry out interesting height for the cry improved the ecological environment in recent years, people pollute for water and more carry out interesting concern, become domestic matter of utmost importance artificial floating island and can improve water pollution, scrubbing water resource, adopt a large amount of planting aquatic plants method to improve water ecological setting, it is possible to effective scrubbing water resource。

The circulation of ecosystem matter and energy is served regulating and controlling effect by artificial floating island, it is possible to effectively improve the situation that water pollutes。Artificial floating island is to utilize floating capacity planting aquatic plants, improves water ecological setting by the natural environment rule of water plant, and artificial floating island itself can also fix the float in water simultaneously, reaches potential detoxification。Artificial floating island can not only be improved the ecological environment, additionally it is possible to being used for aquatic pollution carrying out ecotoxicology assessment and entering biological chain biological heap, retouching and transhipment backward, maintenance and people and animals' Ankang aspect to plant ecological have very important implication。In water, contaminated degree is different, then is accomplished by different artificial floating islands and improves。Resolving through expert, the water plant such as Flos Nelumbinis, phragmites communis can root out to different degree the chlorine of contaminated water body, phosphorus, heavy metal and organic pollution, and obtain in sewage disposal and use widely。So different artificial floating islands can be selected to improve different polluted water body。Artificial floating island can greatly improve water ecological setting, allows people tie up to this intimately with naturally closing。Water pollution condition is quite serious at home, it is believed that had the artificial floating island can improvement quickly。

Artificial floating island is a kind of novel method improving water ecological setting, it is possible to well improve the ecological environment, and through use for many years, has won accreditation and the favor of broad masses。Artificial floating island can not only be improved the ecological environment, and also has a lot of function simultaneously, below let us understand lower artificial floating island all have those effect。

First artificial floating island has good purification of water quality function. it because of for the purpose of and the difference of object and different. the main water quality to eutrophication has effect。Its purification mechanism with, the purification of water quality mechanism of lakes and marhshes bank vegetational zone has closely similar place。Secondly artificial floating island is the sound place that Fish are best. it have cover, the effect such as eddy current, feedstuff becomes the good condition that Fish are lived。Owing to raw son has adsorption for mud, can purifying water again, many people fasten some ropes below artificial floating island simultaneously, and the floating being used for improving the Fish such as Cyprinus carpio is laid eggs the structure of bed。In addition, artificial floating island is also the space of living that birds are best, researcher finds the nest having birds on some artificial floating islands, and Many times people, in order to attract nest on certain birds one island, specially carry out special layout according to the custom of nesting of birds on artificial floating island。Last artificial floating island also has wave absorption function。

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is river regulation method in prior art。

Fig. 2 is artificial swamp anaerobic biological pool model figure,

Fig. 3: the aquatic plant effluent purification treatment plane graph in river course,

Fig. 4 river sewage treating stations mould shape figure。

Detailed description of the invention

Following example are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention。

Unless stated otherwise, the technology used in the present invention means, for the technological means that this area is conventional。

The place of plantation is positioned at Ba Quhe village, Ebony Hill town of Changsha Wangcheng district, and before detection, the pollutant index in water is as follows:

1, float (SS), testing result average is 191mg/L；

2, five-day BOD (BOD₅) mg/L testing result average is 108,

3, COD (CODcr) mg/L testing result average is 219,

4, total phosphorus mg/L testing result average is 35.6,

5, colourity mg/L testing result average is 8,

6, ammonia nitrogen mg/L testing result average is 8.76。

Embodiment 1

Flow process is referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4。River sewage purifying treatment method, including step:

1) the river course water plant planted is: watermifoil, Herba Lythri Salicariae, circle coin grass, floating heart, Canna generalis Bailey, Herba Scirpi Tabernaemontani, Arundo donax, spend that Mugil cephalus grass, again power is colored, Rhizoma Acori Graminei in vain。

The river course aquatic vegetable of plantation is: water spinach, four seasons celery, Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, green water cress

The aquatic crops in river course of plantation are: Oryza sativa L., Semen Tritici aestivi, Brassica campestris L

The flowers of bank plantation are: Flos Jasmini Sambac, gardenia jasminoides, Flos persicae, Radix Platycodonis, Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis, Folium Rhododendri Simsii, Chinese rose, Paeonia suffruticosa, Flos Camelliae Japonicae, Flos Aglaiae Odoratae, Flos Chrysanthemi。

The grass of bank plantation is: grassiness, rye grass, Herba Clinopodii Polycephali, Herba Leptochloae Chinensis, arabian cron, little water banyan, ferrum Phaleria macrocarpa, pasture and water, water orchid。

2) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control dispenser:

Copperas solution sprayed 1 time every 4-6 days。

Adopt plantation, flowers, vegetable, Oryza sativa L. equipment be: coil pipe, cystosepiment, steel wire rope, waterproof rope, timber, steel pipe, and cement pillar, timber, steel pipe, with waterproof rope, steel wire rope, iron wire connection。

River course is inland river。Big river easily washes out plantation equipment too greatly, and water surface width is not limit, so long as not navigating, control flood, unload flood river course can。

The purification result of water pollutant repairs, through lasting administering, the pollutant levels that east Milky Way river water body is greatly reduced, and east Milky Way water body indices significantly takes a turn for the better, and DO is returned to average more than 3.5mg/L by the 0.16mg/L before administering；COD is reduced to average about 20mg/L reduction rate by > 204mg/L and reaches 90%；BOD5 is reduced to average 8mg/L reduction rate by > 61.2mg/L and reaches more than 92%；NH₃-N is reduced to average about 5mg/L reduction rate by > 22.7mg/L and reaches 80%；TP is reduced to average below 1mg/L reduction rate by > 8.52mg/L and reaches 92%。The repairing effect of bed mud is quite obvious, and originally dense black smelly bed mud is repaired for present yellow-gray odorless。Water ecology steps into benign cycle just gradually, and aqueous bio multiformity substantially increases, and protozoacide occurs, generates substantial amounts of wild fish in water, and biological chain is just progressively recovered。The ecological environment in river course has been substantially achieved recovery。Reach the improvement target to this river course of both sides' agreement in improvement contract。

Administer before and after repairing that river course is apparent and water quality index date comprision summary table:

Table 1: unit: mg/L

Although, above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, but on basis of the present invention, it is possible to it is made some modifications or improvements, and this will be apparent to those skilled in the art。Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to the scope of protection of present invention。

Claims

1. a river sewage purifying treatment method, it is characterised in that include step:

1) river course planting aquatic plants, including: watermifoil, Herba Lythri Salicariae, circle coin grass, floating heart, Canna generalis Bailey, Herba Scirpi Tabernaemontani, Arundo donax, spend that Mugil cephalus grass, again power is colored in vain, one or more in Rhizoma Acori Graminei；

River course plantation aquatic vegetable, including: one or more in water spinach, four seasons celery, Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, green water cress；

Aquatic crops are planted in river course, including: one or more in Oryza sativa L., Semen Tritici aestivi, Brassica campestris L；

Bank plantation flowers, including: one or more in Flos Jasmini Sambac, gardenia jasminoides, Flos persicae, Radix Platycodonis, Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis, Folium Rhododendri Simsii, Chinese rose, Paeonia suffruticosa, Flos Camelliae Japonicae, Flos Aglaiae Odoratae, Flos Chrysanthemi；

Bank kind grass planting, including: one or more in grassiness, rye grass, Herba Clinopodii Polycephali, Herba Leptochloae Chinensis, arabian cron, little water banyan, ferrum Phaleria macrocarpa, pasture and water, water orchid；

2) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control dispenser:

The plant of plantation uses medicament, including: copperas solution sprayed 1 time every 4-6 days；

Quick lime 15kg every mu, carbendazim 1kg every mu, carry out quick lime soil disinfection or prepare the preventing and treating of 0.1-0.125% solution spray with 50% carbendazim, preparing 0.1% solution with metrifonate and marathon Emulsion, pour with bamboo let after hole is inserted in seedbed；

0.1-0.3% carbamide is enriched once every 7-15 days, even execute 8 times, centre sprays potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time in every 7 days, sprayed 0.1-0.3% borate 1 time every 8 days, promote that nursery stock is healthy and strong, strengthen winter resistance, the micro-fertile boron of foliage-spray, promote that nursery stock is sturdy, foliage-spray trace element zinc, magnesium, improve plant photosynthesis。

2. the method according to claim l, it is characterised in that plantation flowers, vegetable, Oryza sativa L. equipment be coil pipe, cystosepiment, floating plate, PVC Bai Guanzhong one or more, be connected with cement pillar, timber, steel pipe waterproof rope, steel wire rope, iron wire。

3. the method according to claim l, it is characterised in that described river course is river or inland river。