CN104357527A - Method for extracting tea saponin from tea seed meal with microbial fermentation method - Google Patents
Method for extracting tea saponin from tea seed meal with microbial fermentation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104357527A CN104357527A CN201410529146.5A CN201410529146A CN104357527A CN 104357527 A CN104357527 A CN 104357527A CN 201410529146 A CN201410529146 A CN 201410529146A CN 104357527 A CN104357527 A CN 104357527A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for extracting tea saponin from tea seed meal with a microbial fermentation method. The method is characterized by comprising steps as follows: taking crushed dry tea seed meal as a raw material, taking water as a solvent, adding a proper amount of growth factors (NH4)2SO4, KH2PO4 and K2HPO4, taking Aspergillus niger, Cellulomonas flavigena, saccharomycetes and bacillus subtilis which are sequentially added as fermentation media, preparing a tea saponin coarse extract through multiple times of fermentation treatment, and finally, purifying the extract with a macroporous resin method to obtain the tea saponin with the purity higher than 85%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the deep process technology of leached tea oil slag, especially a kind of microbe fermentation method extracts the method for tea saponin from leached tea oil slag.
Background technology
Shi Chan tea big country of China, oil tea cultivated area and tea seed output account for the whole world about 95%, when the camellia oleifera fruit after harvesting processes liquefaction, can produce a large amount of leached tea oil slag by products.Tea saponin in leached tea oil slag, it is the natural tensio-active agent of a kind of nonionic of excellent property, in different leached tea oil slags its content be 4%-14% not etc., light industry, chemical industry, agricultural chemicals, feed, cultivation, weaving, oil recovery, mining, building materials field can be widely used in.Tea saponin belongs to Triterpene saponins, is made up of sugared body, glucoside unit and organic acid.Sugar body one end is hydrophilic radical, is connected with the other end hydrophobic group by ehter bond, and hydrophobic grouping is made up of with organic acid the glucoside unit be connected with ester bond form, has thus possessed the condition that can play surface-active action.Do not produce ionization when dissolving in water, therefore belong to nonionic surface active agent.Tea saponin has the kinds of surface activity such as emulsification, dispersion, wetting, decontamination, foaming and steady bubble, also have eliminate the phlegm significantly, anti-inflammatory, cough-relieving, analgesia, impermeabilisation, sterilization, the effect such as desinsection and Promoting plant growth, be thus widely used in many fields such as daily-use chemical industry, agricultural chemicals, medicine, food.
At present, the conventional method extracting tea saponin both at home and abroad mainly contains: flooding is followed the example of, organic solvent extraction, absorption method, mixed extraction method, the precipitator method and microwave―assisted extraction etc.Although adopt these methods above-mentioned all to achieve certain recovery result, also there is the deficiencies such as extraction efficiency is low, the time long, energy consumption is large, cost high technology is complicated to some extent.Therefore many investigators have done some researchs in order to solve the problem, and propose the extraction process that some are new.For example Chinese patent literature CN103833819A discloses " a kind of novel process extracting tea saponin from leached tea oil slag "; CN103276040A discloses " a kind of method of fermented extracted tea saponin ", and CN104031109A discloses " a kind of method of fermentable purifying tea saponin ".The general character that these three kinds of methods have is: all adopt " ethanol turns extraction " in whole technique, the difference of three is: CN103833819A adopts microwave degreasing in process, hot water extraction's technique extracts filtrate; And the general character of CN103276040A, CN104031109A two kinds of methods is the methods adopting fermentable in technological process, different with the microbial strains allowing both adopt.
In addition, Chinese patent literature CN201310164673 first adopts biologic enzymolysis method to extract tea saponin from shelling tea seed powder, then adopts water substitution to extract tea-seed oil from de-soap residue.The comprehensive Enzymatic Extraction tea-seed oil of CN101942355A, tea saponin and polysaccharide.CN101880307A is that mixed enzyme method extracts tea saponin equally.
According to the present inventor to from leached tea oil slag and obtain the investigation of tea saponin technique; the defect of organic solvent method extraction difference saponin is adopted to be that solvent consumption is large, production cost is high, can not scale operation to be used for; and along with people's improving constantly environmental protection consciousness; not only there is the recycling of later stage solvent in the solvent-extracted method of this employing; and there is the pollution problem of solvent to environment, therefore should exit gradually.
Adopt biologic enzymolysis method to extract tea delivery soap from shelling tea seed powder, from method, there is suitable advance itself, but expensive due to biological enzyme, extract as in tea seed powder the problem that tea delivery soap exists the high cost of use unavoidably.
Therefore, seek a kind of simple, effective, environmentally friendly, what the rate of recovery was high utilizes microorganism direct fermentation, allows microorganism go to decompose carbohydrate, albumen and the Mierocrystalline cellulose in leached tea oil slag, and as much as possible tea saponin being separated from leached tea oil slag is the direction of industry technical development.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention: be intended to propose a kind ofly directly utilize multiple-microorganism fermentation technique and extract the method for the tea saponin in tea seed in conjunction with macroporous resin purification technology, reach the method improving the tea saponin rate of recovery.
This microbe fermentation method extracts the method for tea saponin from leached tea oil slag, it is characterized in that: be raw material with the leached tea oil slag pulverized, be solvent with water, add appropriate somatomedin (NH
4)
2sO
4, KH
2pO
4and K
2hPO
4and the black-koji mould sequentially added with multiple, Cellumomonas flavigena, yeast and subtilis are fermentation medium, through repeatedly fermenting, processing obtained tea saponin crude extract, be finally purified with Amberlyst process, obtain the tea saponin of purity more than 85%.
Utilize microorganism to extract tea saponin and use the concrete steps of macroporous resin purification as follows:
(1) first be dry, pulverize by leached tea oil slag to 200 orders, the ratio being 1:10-20 in solid-liquid ratio adds water, and adds somatomedin (NH
4)
2sO
4, KH
2pO
4and K
2hPO
4each 1g/L regulates pH to 6.0-7.0, be 0.3 ‰-0.6 ‰ add black-koji mould by the amount added of leached tea oil slag, under 30 DEG C of-37 DEG C of conditions, in shaking table, carry out cultivation 12-18 hour by 120-150r/min, through 3500-4000r/min centrifugation 15min or filtration, slightly extracted mother liquor;
(2) by centrifugal or after filtering leached tea oil slag, the ratio being 1:10-20 in solid-liquid ratio adds pure water, and adds somatomedin (NH
4)
2sO
4, KH
2pO
4and K
2hPO
4each 1g/L, adjustment pH are after 5.5-6.5, again by leached tea oil slag add-on 1 ‰-5 ‰ respectively add Cellumomonas flavigena and yeast, cultivation 12-28 hour is carried out by 120-150r/min under 25 DEG C of-30 DEG C of conditions, in shaking table, adjustment pH is 6.0-7.0, by leached tea oil slag add-on 1 ‰-5 ‰ add subtilis 1 ‰-5 ‰, regulate temperature 30 DEG C-37 DEG C, in shaking table, press 120-150r/min cultivate 12-18 hour, obtain second time through the centrifugal 15min of centrifugal 3500-4000r/min or filtration and extract mother liquor;
(3) again by step 2 through centrifugal or filter after leached tea oil slag, the ratio being 1:10-20 in solid-liquid ratio adds pure water, regulate temperature in 30 DEG C-37 DEG C, in shaking table, 200-250r/min shakes 8-10 hour fast, extracts mother liquor for the third time through centrifugation or after filtering;
(4) merged, obtain total tea saponin leached liquor, sterilizing 20-30min under 80-100 condition by first three leached liquor, by the tea saponin extract after sterilising treatment, in the centrifugal 15min of 3500-4000r/min, extracting centrifugal liquid, makes tea saponin crude extract.
(5) by tea saponin obtained for step (4) just extract, through macroporous resin AB-8 or D101 macroporous resin treatment, ethanol elution evaporation drying, reclaim ethanol, obtained high-content tea saponin finished product.
As follows with concrete grammar during macroporous resin AB-8 process tea saponin crude extract:
During recycling, sample solution (tea saponin crude extract) mass concentration 20-30mg/ml, sample solution flow velocity 3-5ml/min, sample solution pH6-7, each loading receives solution, loading in triplicate, allow macroporous resin fully absorb the tea saponin in slightly carrying, elution processes condition is effluent volume mark is 70-80% ethanol, eluent flow rate 3-5ml/min and elutriant consumption 1-2 times of tea saponin volume, and the tea saponin product purity after separation and purification can reach 80-85%;
As follows with concrete grammar during macroporous resin D101 process tea saponin crude extract:
During recycling, sample solution flow velocity 3-5ml/min, sample solution pH6-7, sample solution mass concentration 20-30mg/ml, each loading receives solution, in triplicate loading.Elution processes condition is effluent volume mark is 80-85% ethanol, eluent flow rate 3-5ml/min and elutriant consumption 5-6 times of tea saponin volume, and the tea saponin product purity after separation and purification can reach 85-90%.
This microbe fermentation method proposed according to above technical scheme extracts the method for tea saponin from leached tea oil slag, four kinds of microorganisms are utilized sequentially to extract tea saponin, because often kind of microorganism is all participate in fermentation for the different step in tea saponin extraction process, the fermentable that rises there is different extraction work efficiency, provide technical support for extracting tea saponin extraction yield from leached tea oil slag.And by adopting macroporous resin AB-8 or D101 macropore to carry out further concentrated purification to crude extract, finally reach the tea saponin that extraction yield is more than 85%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Set forth the present invention further below in conjunction with Figure of description, and provide embodiments of the invention.
The present invention proposes the method that this microbe fermentation method extracts tea saponin from leached tea oil slag, and maximum technical characterstic is:
One, directly applies the fermentative processing that multiple-microorganism participates in leached tea oil slag, instead of using microbe enzyme.Direct using microbe, compare using microbe enzyme, not only cost is lower, and the application conditions of microorganism is compared with enzyme, and reaction conditions requires relatively low, does not have the rigors of enzyme treatment process.And a kind of fermentable effect can make leached tea oil slag decomposite several composition, this is all not available for the specificity of enzyme.Therefore, with method of microorganism, extract tea saponin for as much as possible from leached tea oil slag, its benefit is apparent.For several microorganisms adopted in technical solution of the present invention, they have different biochemical treatment feature separately, both can decompose a kind of composition in leached tea oil slag, also can decompose the Multiple components in leached tea oil slag.
For example: black-koji mould can reduce fat, can hydrocellulose and protein, added in leached tea oil slag Aqueous extracts, can effectively reduce fat, thus without the need to carrying out leached tea oil slag skimming treatment, just can play the effect of degreasing, prevent saponin(e and the fat generation saponification reaction of tea saponin, improve the yield of tea saponin.
The Cellumomonas flavigena adopted, can decomposition of cellulose and carbohydrate, is dissociated by tea saponin further from cell.Yeast and subtilis, for sugar and albumen, can will connect the albumen of tea saponin and sugar from release tea saponin, and this is very effective for the tea saponin extraction yield improving whole processing method.
Its two, adopt macroporous resin AB-8 or D101 macropore to carry out further concentrated purification to crude extract.
This microbe fermentation method extracts the method for tea saponin from leached tea oil slag, it is characterized in that: be raw material with the leached tea oil slag pulverized, be solvent with water, add appropriate somatomedin (NH
4)
2sO
4, KH
2pO
4and K
2hPO
4and the black-koji mould sequentially added with multiple, Cellumomonas flavigena, yeast and subtilis are fermentation medium, through repeatedly fermenting, processing obtained tea saponin crude extract, be finally purified with Amberlyst process, obtain the tea saponin of purity more than 85%.
Utilize microorganism to extract tea saponin and use the concrete steps of macroporous resin purification as follows:
(1) first be dry, pulverize by leached tea oil slag to 200 orders, the ratio being 1:10-20 in solid-liquid ratio adds water, and adds somatomedin (NH
4)
2sO
4, KH
2pO
4and K
2hPO
4each 1g/L regulates pH to 6.0-7.0, be 0.3 ‰-0.6 ‰ add black-koji mould by the amount added of leached tea oil slag, under 30 DEG C of-37 DEG C of conditions, in shaking table, carry out cultivation 12-18 hour by 120-150r/min, through 3500-4000r/min centrifugation 15min or filtration, slightly extracted mother liquor;
(2) by centrifugal or after filtering leached tea oil slag, the ratio being 1:10-20 in solid-liquid ratio adds pure water, and adds somatomedin (NH
4)
2sO
4, KH
2pO
4and K
2hPO
4each 1g/L, adjustment pH are after 5.5-6.5, again by leached tea oil slag add-on 1 ‰-5 ‰ respectively add Cellumomonas flavigena and yeast, cultivation 12-28 hour is carried out by 120-150r/min under 25 DEG C of-30 DEG C of conditions, in shaking table, adjustment pH is 6.0-7.0, by leached tea oil slag add-on 1 ‰-5 ‰ add subtilis 1 ‰-5 ‰, regulate temperature 30 DEG C-37 DEG C, in shaking table, press 120-150r/min cultivate 12-18 hour, obtain second time through the centrifugal 15min of centrifugal 3500-4000r/min or filtration and extract mother liquor;
(3) again by step 2 through centrifugal or filter after leached tea oil slag, the ratio being 1:10-20 in solid-liquid ratio adds pure water, regulate temperature in 30 DEG C-37 DEG C, in shaking table, 200-250r/min shakes 8-10 hour fast, extracts mother liquor for the third time through centrifugation or after filtering;
(4) first three leached liquor is merged, obtains total tea saponin leached liquor, sterilizing 20-30min under 80-100 DEG C of condition, by the tea saponin crude extract after sterilising treatment, in the centrifugal 15min of 3500-4000r/min, extracting centrifugal liquid, makes tea saponin just extract.
(5) by tea saponin obtained for step (4) just extract, through macroporous resin AB-8 or D101 macroporous resin treatment, ethanol elution evaporation drying, reclaim ethanol, obtained tea saponin finished product.
As follows with concrete grammar during macroporous resin AB-8 process tea saponin crude extract:
During recycling, sample solution (tea saponin crude extract) mass concentration 20-30mg/ml, sample solution flow velocity 3-5ml/min, sample solution pH6-7, each loading receives solution, loading in triplicate, allow macroporous resin fully absorb the tea saponin in slightly carrying, elution processes condition is effluent volume mark is 70-80% ethanol, eluent flow rate 3-5ml/min and elutriant consumption 1-2 times of tea saponin volume, and the tea saponin product purity after separation and purification can reach 80-85%;
As follows with concrete grammar during macroporous resin D101 process tea saponin crude extract:
During recycling, sample solution (tea saponin crude extract) flow velocity 3-5ml/min, sample solution pH6-7, sample solution mass concentration 20-30mg/ml, each loading receives solution, in triplicate loading.Elution processes condition is effluent volume mark is 80-85% ethanol, eluent flow rate 3-5ml/min and elutriant consumption 5-6 times of tea saponin volume, and the tea saponin product purity after separation and purification can reach 85-90%.
Below be only the basic embodiment that the present inventor provides according to the technical program, any improvement based on this technology intention all should be considered as the category belonging to this technical protection.
Claims (4)
1. microbe fermentation method extracts a method for tea saponin from leached tea oil slag, is raw material with the leached tea oil slag pulverized, is solvent with water, adds appropriate somatomedin (NH
4)
2sO
4, KH
2pO
4and K
2hPO
4and the black-koji mould sequentially added with multiple, Cellumomonas flavigena, yeast and subtilis are fermentation medium, through repeatedly fermenting, processing obtained tea saponin crude extract, be finally purified with Amberlyst process, obtain the tea saponin of purity more than 85%.
2. a kind of microbe fermentation method as claimed in claim 1 extracts the method for tea saponin from leached tea oil slag, it is characterized in that: utilize microorganism to extract tea saponin and use the concrete steps of macroporous resin purification as follows:
(1) first be dry, pulverize by leached tea oil slag to 200 orders, the ratio being 1:10-20 in solid-liquid ratio adds water, and adds somatomedin (NH
4)
2sO
4, KH
2pO
4and K
2hPO
4each 1g/L regulates pH to 6.0-7.0, be 0.3 ‰-0.6 ‰ add black-koji mould by the amount added of leached tea oil slag, under 30 DEG C of-37 DEG C of conditions, in shaking table, carry out cultivation 12-18 hour by 120-150r/min, through 3500-4000r/min centrifugation 15min or filtration, slightly extracted mother liquor;
(2) by centrifugal or after filtering leached tea oil slag, the ratio being 1:10-20 in solid-liquid ratio adds pure water, and adds somatomedin (NH
4)
2sO
4, KH
2pO
4and K
2hPO
4each 1g/L, adjustment pH are after 5.5-6.5, again by leached tea oil slag add-on 1 ‰-5 ‰ respectively add Cellumomonas flavigena and yeast, cultivation 12-28 hour is carried out by 120-150r/min under 25 DEG C of-30 DEG C of conditions, in shaking table, adjustment pH is 6.0-7.0, by leached tea oil slag add-on 1 ‰-5 ‰ add subtilis 1 ‰-5 ‰, regulate temperature 30 DEG C-37 DEG C, in shaking table, press 120-150r/min cultivate 12-18 hour, obtain second time through the centrifugal 15min of centrifugal 3500-4000r/min or filtration and extract mother liquor;
(3) again by step 2 through centrifugal or filter after leached tea oil slag, the ratio being 1:10-20 in solid-liquid ratio adds pure water, regulate temperature in 30 DEG C-37 DEG C, in shaking table, 200-250r/min shakes 8-10 hour fast, extracts mother liquor for the third time through centrifugation or after filtering;
(4) first three leached liquor is merged, obtains total tea saponin leached liquor, sterilizing 20-30min under 80-100 DEG C of condition, by the tea saponin crude extract after sterilising treatment, in the centrifugal 15min of 3500-4000r/min, extracting centrifugal liquid, makes tea saponin just extract;
(5) by tea saponin obtained for step (4) just extract, through macroporous resin AB-8 or D101 macroporous resin treatment, ethanol elution evaporation drying, reclaim ethanol, obtained tea saponin finished product.
3. a kind of microbe fermentation method as claimed in claim 1 extracts the method for tea saponin from leached tea oil slag, it is characterized in that: as follows with concrete grammar during macroporous resin AB-8 process tea saponin crude extract:
During recycling, sample solution mass concentration 20-30mg/ml, sample solution flow velocity 3-5ml/min, sample solution pH6-7, each loading receives solution, loading in triplicate, allow macroporous resin fully absorb the tea saponin in slightly carrying, elution processes condition is effluent volume mark is 70-80% ethanol, eluent flow rate 3-5ml/min and elutriant consumption 1-2 times of tea saponin volume, and the tea saponin product purity after separation and purification can reach 80-85%.
4. a kind of microbe fermentation method as claimed in claim 1 extracts the method for tea saponin from leached tea oil slag, it is characterized in that: as follows with concrete grammar during macroporous resin D101 process tea saponin crude extract:
During recycling, sample solution flow velocity 3-5ml/min, sample solution pH6-7, sample solution mass concentration 20-30mg/ml, each loading receives solution, in triplicate loading; Elution processes condition is effluent volume mark is 80-85% ethanol, eluent flow rate 3-5ml/min and elutriant consumption 5-6 times of tea saponin volume, and the tea saponin product purity after separation and purification can reach 85-90%.
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Cited By (3)
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CN114560727A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-05-31 | 湖南山润油茶科技发展有限公司 | Preparation method and application of eco-friendly antibacterial disease-resistant easily-degradable compostable organic matter |
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CN116178476A (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-05-30 | 云南西草资源开发有限公司 | Preparation method of tea saponin and application of obtained tea saponin product |
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Cited By (4)
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CN114560727A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-05-31 | 湖南山润油茶科技发展有限公司 | Preparation method and application of eco-friendly antibacterial disease-resistant easily-degradable compostable organic matter |
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CN116178476A (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-05-30 | 云南西草资源开发有限公司 | Preparation method of tea saponin and application of obtained tea saponin product |
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