CN104351310B - A kind of Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104351310B CN104351310B CN201410519760.3A CN201410519760A CN104351310B CN 104351310 B CN104351310 B CN 104351310B CN 201410519760 A CN201410519760 A CN 201410519760A CN 104351310 B CN104351310 B CN 104351310B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative, is made up of the component of following mass percent：0.5～1% sodium citrate, 0.3～0.5% sodium erythorbate, 1～3% vitamin C, 1～3% erythritol, 0.1～0.3% apple branch polyphenol, 0.1～0.3% gluconic acid lactone, 3～5%EDTA disodiums, 0.2～0.3% chitosan, 1～5% Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum, balance of water.The reasonable science of Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative formula of the present invention, the equal safety non-toxic of each component, edible safety is high, by between each component, mutually collaboration promotes, with good color fixative, fresh-keeping and antiseptic property, the fresh keeping time of Carnis Pseudosciaenae can be greatly prolonged on the premise of Carnis Pseudosciaenae edible quality and organoleptic quality is ensured, fresh-keeping effect is notable.The invention also discloses a kind of preparation method of Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative, comprises the following steps：(1) prepare apple branch polyphenol；(2) prepare Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum；(3) compound.The preparation method step of the present invention is simple, workable, is adapted to large-scale production and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of antistaling agent, more particularly, to a kind of Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Carnis Pseudosciaenae, also known as Channa argus, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei Percocypris pingi (Tchang) etc., it is one of traditional four big marine products, is the main economic fish of China.Greatly
The nutritional labeling such as Channa argus rich in proteins and fat, due to its high-moisture, high-fat feature so that the flesh of fish is easily corrupt to be become
Matter.In fish body, the factor such as self-dissolving enzyme reaction, microbial reproduction, fat oxidation, external source pollution can cause flesh quality deterioration, produce
Raw bad smell, causes the decline of fish body organoleptic quality.Therefore, extremely important is just seemed to the preservation method of Carnis Pseudosciaenae.
Conventional Carnis Pseudosciaenae preservation method has preservation by low temperature method, chemical fresh-keeping method, irradiated targets method and coating preservation at present
Method etc., wherein, preservation by low temperature method fresh keeping time is short, and high energy consumption；Chemical fresh-keeping method poor stability；Irradiated targets method is by reducing
The method of microorganism extends the purpose of preservation term to reach, but can not effectively suppress the activity of autolytic enzyme in fish body, and not
The golden color of Carnis Pseudosciaenae body surface can be maintained.Coating-film fresh-keeping method be it is at present both at home and abroad popular food is carried out it is fresh-keeping new
Technology, its with biomacromolecule (such as polysaccharide, protein and lipid etc.) as raw material, by parcel, dipping, coating, sprinkling etc. shape
Formula is covered in food surface or one layer of inside can be reduced germ contamination by the thin film of feeding habits material composition, prevents microorganism life
It is long, weaken air oxidation, slow down lipid oxidation rates, so as to preferably keep freshness, moisture and the local flavor of Fish.
For example, Authorization Notice No. CN101926378B, the Chinese patent of authorized announcement date 2012.10.24 disclose one kind
Large yellow croaker coating preservation method, is made into 1.5～2.5% fresh-keeping liquid with the Value of Spartina Anglica flavone extract that purity is 40～50%,
Dipping 8～15 minutes, then with 5 minutes film Carnis Pseudosciaenae of calcium chloride solution gel, then pull out, rinse, drain and preserve.Which is not
Foot part is that the fresh-keeping liquid in the preservation method is single Value of Spartina Anglica flavone, and Value of Spartina Anglica flavone only has removes free radical
The effect of (antioxidation), it is impossible to the activity for effectively suppressing autolytic enzyme and the color and luster for maintaining Carnis Pseudosciaenae body surface, acts on limited and single.
The content of the invention
The present invention is limited and single in order to solve the problems, such as the effect of the Carnis Pseudosciaenae antistaling agent of prior art, there is provided a kind of
The reasonable science of formula, safety are good, can extend Carnis Pseudosciaenae fresh keeping time, and the Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite membrane-forming for improving fresh-keeping effect is fresh-keeping
Agent.
Present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative, the preparation method step is simple,
It is workable, it is adapted to large-scale production and application.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is employed the following technical solutions：
A kind of Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative, is made up of the component of following mass percent：0.5～1% sodium citrate,
0.3～0.5% sodium erythorbate, 1～3% vitamin C, 1～3% erythritol, 0.1～0.3% apple branch polyphenol, 0.1～
0.3% gluconic acid lactone, 3～5%EDTA disodiums, 0.2～0.3% chitosan, 1～5% Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum, balance of water.
In the antistaling agent of the present invention, sodium citrate can be with strong inhibition enzyme activity, and sodium erythorbate has the fresh-keeping effect for helping color, by citric acid
Sodium and the synergism of sodium erythorbate, can both prevent the brown stain of the Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei flesh of fish, can suppress the generation of histamine in Carnis Pseudosciaenae again；Vitamin
C has an antioxidation, can long sustaining Carnis Pseudosciaenae body surface color and luster, prevent Carnis Pseudosciaenae body surface pigment oxidation decoloration and
The oxidation of fat, but vitamin C is to thermally labile, it is easy to there is degraded, and add erythritol then can effectively slow down dimension
The degradation rate of raw element C, can play to ascorbic protective effect；Apple branch polyphenol has antibacterial and antioxidation,
Harmful microorganism can preferably be suppressed, and can be suppressed to oppress fatty acid and be slowed down nutrient in the flesh of fish to a certain extent
The oxidation of matter, relative to bio-preservatives such as tea polyphenols, ginger extracts, can significantly improve the fresh-keeping effect of Carnis Pseudosciaenae, in addition
Apple branch polyphenol is extracted from apple branch, and the cost of raw material is low, can improve the utilization of agricultural product waste resource (Fructus Mali pumilae branch)；
Gluconic acid lactone can keep the elasticity oppressed；After fish kills, the endogenous enzymes in Fish tissue can also be had an effect, and voluntarily disappear
Change and decompose fish body, further speed up the rotten of fish body, and the aqueous solution of EDETATE SODIUM can neutralize the H of generation in alkalescence+, surely
Determine the environment pH of fish body, so as to slow down the speed of Carnis Pseudosciaenae protein denaturation, extend the shelf-life of Carnis Pseudosciaenae, additionally, EDTA bis-
Sodium can also with the water soluble complex of the multivalent ion chela synthesizing stable such as ferrum, copper, calcium, magnesium, can prevent Carnis Pseudosciaenae occur brown stain or
Discoloration, moreover it is possible to substantially reduce the vigor of fish body endogenous enzymes, further slow down the rate of deterioration of fish body；Chitosan has very strong suppression
Bacterium acts on, and each component in antistaling agent can be promoted to penetrate in the structure of fish muscle of Carnis Pseudosciaenae, additionally, chitosan can also stablize fish body
Natural pigment in skin, plays a part of fixation, enables fish body to keep the color and luster of its original for a long time；Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum is film forming
Material, is a kind of nontoxic, colourless, tasteless, edible polysaccharide colloid extracted from Nicandra Physaloides, safe, is extracted
It is easier to, compared to the routine film forming matter such as shitosan, sodium alginate, which has more excellent film property and gelation, and
And with certain fungistatic effect, and the growth of microorganism can be significantly inhibited, slowed down the decomposition degeneration of protein in the flesh of fish, slowed down
The rising of the pH value of the flesh of fish, it is of good preservation effect, in addition, Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum can also make vitamin C reach the effect of slow release so as to energy
Antioxidation is kept for a long time.The present invention develops a kind of composite film-forming preservative for the biochemical characteristic of Carnis Pseudosciaenae, and which is matched somebody with somebody
Fang Heli science, the equal safety non-toxic of each component, edible safety are high, by between each component, mutually collaboration promotes, with good
Color fixative, fresh-keeping and antiseptic property, Carnis Pseudosciaenae can be greatly prolonged on the premise of Carnis Pseudosciaenae edible quality and organoleptic quality is ensured
Fresh keeping time, fresh-keeping effect significantly, has a extensive future.
A kind of preparation method of Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative, comprises the following steps：
(1) prepare apple branch polyphenol
Apple branch after defoliation is dried under the conditions of 25 ± 2 DEG C and is crushed to constant weight, add quality to be dried
The ethanol solution that 8～10 times of apple branch quality, in ethanol solution the volumn concentration of ethanol be 70%, ultrasound extraction 30～
60min, sucking filtration, when filtrate decompression is evaporated to without alcohol taste, is centrifuged 20～30min with the speed of 3500～4000r/min, takes
Clear liquid, by supernatant vacuum lyophilization, obtains apple branch polyphenol.
(2) prepare Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum
Dry Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis seed after by remove impurity is placed in 1～2h of immersion in the water that quality is 10～12 times of dry Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis seed quality
Afterwards, 1～2h is extracted in 50～60 DEG C of heated and stirred, extracting solution is rubbed after filtrate gauze wrapped repeatedly with 3 layers of filtered through gauze
3～5min of extruding, then extract once by aforementioned condition, merging filtrate, 1mL is concentrated in vacuo in 55～60 DEG C solid containing 1～1.5g
The concentrated solution of body thing, adds ethanol to carry out precipitate with ethanol after cooling, collect precipitation and be vacuum dried in 55～60 DEG C, crush, obtain final product vacation
Calyx seu fructus physaliss carbohydrate gum.
(3) compound
Weigh after each component by said ratio, first by sodium citrate, sodium erythorbate, vitamin C, erythritol, apple branch
Polyphenol, gluconic acid lactone, EDETATE SODIUM, chitosan are mixed homogeneously with water, and adding Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum carries out ultrasonic disperse i.e.
Can.
Preferably, in step (), dried apple branch is crushed to the powder of diameter ＜ 1mm.
Preferably, in step (), the temperature of ultrasound extraction is 20～25 DEG C, 100～120Hz of supersonic frequency.
Therefore, the present invention is had an advantageous effect in that：
(1) a kind of composite film-forming preservative is developed according to the biochemical characteristic of Carnis Pseudosciaenae, the reasonable science of its formula, each component
Safety non-toxic, edible safety height, are promoted by mutually cooperateing between each component, with good color fixative, fresh-keeping and anti-corrosion
Performance, can greatly prolong the fresh keeping time of Carnis Pseudosciaenae, fresh-keeping effect on the premise of Carnis Pseudosciaenae edible quality and organoleptic quality is ensured
Fruit significantly, has a extensive future；
(2) preparation method step is simple, workable, is adapted to large-scale production and application.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative, is made up of the component of following mass percent：0.5% sodium citrate,
0.3% sodium erythorbate, 1% vitamin C, 1% erythritol, 0.1% apple branch polyphenol, 0.1% gluconic acid lactone, 3%
EDETATE SODIUM, 0.2% chitosan, 1% Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum, balance of water.
The preparation method of the Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative, comprises the following steps：
(1) prepare apple branch polyphenol
By the apple branch after defoliation, under the conditions of 25 ± 2 DEG C, drying is crushed to the powder of diameter ＜ 1mm to constant weight, plus
Enter the ethanol solution that quality is 8 times of dried apple branch quality, the volumn concentration of ethanol is 70% in ethanol solution,
Ultrasound extraction 30min, the temperature of ultrasound extraction is 20 DEG C, and supersonic frequency 100Hz, sucking filtration are evaporated to filtrate decompression without alcohol taste
When, with the speed centrifugation 20min of 3500r/min, supernatant is taken, by supernatant vacuum lyophilization, apple branch polyphenol is obtained.
(2) prepare Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum
Dry Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis seed after by remove impurity is placed in after soaking 1h in the water that quality is 10 times of dry Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis seed quality, in 50 DEG C
Heated and stirred extracts 1h, and extracting solution rubs extruding 3min repeatedly with 3 layers of filtered through gauze after filtrate gauze wrapped, then by front
State condition to extract once, merging filtrate, concentrated solutions of the 1mL containing 1g solidss is concentrated in vacuo in 55 DEG C, ethanol after cooling, is added
Precipitate with ethanol is carried out, precipitation is collected and is vacuum dried in 55 DEG C, crush, obtain final product Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum.
(3) compound
Weigh after each component by said ratio, first by sodium citrate, sodium erythorbate, vitamin C, erythritol, apple branch
Polyphenol, gluconic acid lactone, EDETATE SODIUM, chitosan are mixed homogeneously with water, and adding Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum carries out ultrasonic disperse i.e.
Can.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative, is made up of the component of following mass percent：1% sodium citrate, 0.5%
Sodium erythorbate, 3% vitamin C, 3% erythritol, 0.3% apple branch polyphenol, 0.3% gluconic acid lactone, 5%EDTA bis-
Sodium, 0.3% chitosan, 5% Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum, balance of water.
The preparation method of the Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative, comprises the following steps：
(1) prepare apple branch polyphenol
By the apple branch after defoliation, under the conditions of 25 ± 2 DEG C, drying is crushed to the powder of diameter ＜ 1mm to constant weight, plus
Enter the ethanol solution that quality is 10 times of dried apple branch quality, the volumn concentration of ethanol is in ethanol solution
70%, ultrasound extraction 60min, the temperature of ultrasound extraction is 25 DEG C, and filtrate decompression is evaporated to nothing by supersonic frequency 120Hz, sucking filtration
During alcohol taste, with the speed centrifugation 30min of 4000r/min, supernatant is taken, by supernatant vacuum lyophilization, apple branch is obtained many
Phenol.
(2) prepare Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum
Dry Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis seed after by remove impurity is placed in after soaking 2h in the water that quality is 12 times of dry Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis seed quality, in 60 DEG C
Heated and stirred extracts 2h, and extracting solution rubs extruding 5min repeatedly with 3 layers of filtered through gauze after filtrate gauze wrapped, then by front
State condition to extract once, merging filtrate, concentrated solutions of the 1mL containing 1.5g solidss is concentrated in vacuo in 60 DEG C, second after cooling, is added
Alcohol carries out precipitate with ethanol, collects precipitation and is vacuum dried in 60 DEG C, crushes, obtain final product Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum.
(3) compound
Weigh after each component by said ratio, first by sodium citrate, sodium erythorbate, vitamin C, erythritol, apple branch
Polyphenol, gluconic acid lactone, EDETATE SODIUM, chitosan are mixed homogeneously with water, and adding Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum carries out ultrasonic disperse i.e.
Can.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative, is made up of the component of following mass percent：0.8% sodium citrate,
0.4% sodium erythorbate, 2% vitamin C, 2% erythritol, 0.2% apple branch polyphenol, 0.2% gluconic acid lactone, 4%
EDETATE SODIUM, 0.25% chitosan, 2% Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum, balance of water.
The preparation method of the Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative, comprises the following steps：
(1) prepare apple branch polyphenol
By the apple branch after defoliation, under the conditions of 25 ± 2 DEG C, drying is crushed to the powder of diameter ＜ 1mm to constant weight, plus
Enter the ethanol solution that quality is 9 times of dried apple branch quality, the volumn concentration of ethanol is 70% in ethanol solution,
Ultrasound extraction 40min, the temperature of ultrasound extraction is 22 DEG C, and supersonic frequency 110Hz, sucking filtration are evaporated to filtrate decompression without alcohol taste
When, with the speed centrifugation 25min of 3800r/min, supernatant is taken, by supernatant vacuum lyophilization, apple branch polyphenol is obtained.
(2) prepare Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum
Dry Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis seed after by remove impurity is placed in after soaking 1.5h in the water that quality is 11 times of dry Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis seed quality, in 55
DEG C heated and stirred extracts 1.5h, and 3 layers of filtered through gauze of extracting solution are rubbed after filtrate gauze wrapped repeatedly and extrude 4min, then
Extract once by aforementioned condition, merging filtrate, concentrated solutions of the 1mL containing 1.2g solidss is concentrated in vacuo in 57 DEG C, is added after cooling
Entering ethanol carries out precipitate with ethanol, collects precipitation and is vacuum dried in 56 DEG C, crushes, obtain final product Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum.
(3) compound
Weigh after each component by said ratio, first by sodium citrate, sodium erythorbate, vitamin C, erythritol, apple branch
Polyphenol, gluconic acid lactone, EDETATE SODIUM, chitosan are mixed homogeneously with water, and adding Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum carries out ultrasonic disperse i.e.
Can.
After fresh and alive Carnis Pseudosciaenae is freezed to death with trash ice, wash, drain, be divided into tetra- groups of A, B, C, D, by the big of A, B, C group
20～30min is soaked in Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative in Channa argus the various embodiments described above, film forming is drained after taking-up, plastics are used
Bag vacuum packaging cold preservation at 4 DEG C；Using the Carnis Pseudosciaenae of D groups directly with plastic bag vacuum packing at 4 DEG C cold preservation as right
Ratio, cold preservation were taken out after 20 days, and index of fish freshness measure is carried out to each group Carnis Pseudosciaenae, and the assay method of index of fish freshness is as follows：
One. subjective appreciation
Eye, the gill, body surface to fish body, abnormal smells from the patient, the elasticity of muscle five are evaluated, and are up to 9 points, according to consumer to each
The sensitivity of item index, determines that the weight of indices is 0.1,0.2,0.1,0.3,0.2, and each item rating is multiplied by weight and is
Integrated sensory scores.With 7～9 points as one-level freshness；5～7 points is two grades of freshnesses.
Two. total number of bacteria is determined
Using flat board culture counting method, by SC/T3101-1984 standards, total number of bacteria (individual/g)≤104For one-level freshness；
≤105For two grades of freshnesses.
Three .TVB-N (total volatile basic nitrogen)
Using semi-micro-sample distillation, by SC/T3101-1984 standards, TVB-N values (mg/100g)≤13 are one-level freshness；
≤ 30 is two grades of freshnesses.
Four .pH values are determined
Mixing sample 10g is weighed, 90ml neutral waters is added in beaker, is stirred, place 30min, period constantly shakes
Shake, then filter, filtrate is determined with acidometer, directly reads pH value.
The result of measure is as shown in the table：
As can be known from the above table, using in various embodiments of the present invention Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative process after Carnis Pseudosciaenae its
Total plate count, TVB-N are below comparative example, and scoring and pH value are higher than comparative example, illustrate that the Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite membrane-forming of the present invention is protected
Fresh dose antibacterial notable with fresh-keeping effect, and can effectively stablize the environment pH of fish body, can greatly prolong the fresh keeping time of Carnis Pseudosciaenae, protect
Fresh effect is significant, has broad application prospects.
Embodiment described above is one kind preferably scheme of the present invention, not the present invention is made any pro forma
Limit, also have other variants and remodeling on the premise of without departing from the technical scheme described in claim.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative, it is characterised in that be made up of the component of following mass percent：0.5~1%
Sodium citrate, 0.3 ~ 0.5% sodium erythorbate, 1 ~ 3% vitamin C, 1 ~ 3% erythritol, 0.1 ~ 0.3% apple branch polyphenol, 0.1 ~
0.3% gluconic acid lactone, 3 ~ 5%EDTA disodiums, 0.2 ~ 0.3% chitosan, 1 ~ 5% Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum, balance of water, the Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei
Fish composite film-forming preservative is obtained by the following method：
（One）Prepare apple branch polyphenol
Apple branch after defoliation is dried under the conditions of 25 ± 2 DEG C and is crushed to constant weight, addition quality is dried Fructus Mali pumilae
The ethanol solution that 8 ~ 10 times of shoot mass, in ethanol solution, the volumn concentration of ethanol is 70%, ultrasound 30 ~ 60min of extraction,
Sucking filtration, when filtrate decompression is evaporated to without alcohol taste, is centrifuged 20 ~ 30min with the speed of 3500 ~ 4000r/min, takes supernatant, will
Supernatant vacuum lyophilization, obtains apple branch polyphenol；
（Two）Prepare Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum
Dry Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis seed after by remove impurity is placed in after soaking 1 ~ 2h in the water that quality is 10 ~ 12 times of dry Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis seed quality, in 50 ~
60 DEG C of heated and stirred extract 1 ~ 2h, extracting solution with 3 layers of filtered through gauze, rubbed after filtrate gauze wrapped repeatedly extruding 3 ~
5min, then extract once by aforementioned condition, merging filtrate, concentrations of the 1mL containing 1 ~ 1.5g solidss is concentrated in vacuo in 55 ~ 60 DEG C
Liquid, adds ethanol to carry out precipitate with ethanol after cooling, collect precipitation and be vacuum dried in 55 ~ 60 DEG C, crush, obtain final product Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum；
（Three）Compounding
Weigh after each component by said ratio, first by sodium citrate, sodium erythorbate, vitamin C, erythritol, apple branch polyphenol,
Gluconic acid lactone, EDETATE SODIUM, chitosan are mixed homogeneously with water, and adding Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis carbohydrate gum carries out ultrasonic disperse.
2. a kind of Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（One）In, it is dried
Apple branch afterwards is crushed to the powder of diameter ＜ 1mm.
3. a kind of Carnis Pseudosciaenae composite film-forming preservative according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（One）In, ultrasound
The temperature of extraction is 20 ~ 25 DEG C, 100 ~ 120Hz of supersonic frequency.
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| CN107019025A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-08-08 | 无锡中顺生物技术有限公司 | The ice fish antistaling agent that a kind of river crab uses |
| CN108314534A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-07-24 | 共同科技开发有限公司 | A kind of Zhanhua winter jujube special fertilizer and preparation method and application containing bat's faces |
| CN109527065B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-03-11 | 海南职业技术学院 | Preservation method of selenium polysaccharide in cooled meat |
| CN109953105B (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2022-03-15 | 宁德市海扬食品有限公司 | Large yellow croaker quick-freezing preservation method |
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