CN104351310A - Composite film forming preservative for large yellow croakers and preparation method for composite film forming preservative - Google Patents
Composite film forming preservative for large yellow croakers and preparation method for composite film forming preservative Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite film forming preservative for large yellow croakers. The composite film forming preservative consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5 to 1 percent of sodium citrate, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of sodium erythorbate, 1 to 3 percent of vitamin C, 1 to 3 percent of erythritol, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of apple branch polypehnol, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of glucolactone, 3 to 5 percent of EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) disodium, 0.2 to 0.3 percent of chitosan, 1 to 5 percent of nicandra physaloides carbohydrate gum and the balance of water. According to the composite film forming preservative for large yellow croakers, the formula is reasonable and scientific, each component is safe and nontoxic, and the edible safety is high; the components are synergistically promoted, so that the composite film forming preservative has high color protection, preservation and anticorrosive performance, the preservation time of large yellow croakers can be greatly prolonged on the premise of ensuring the edible quality and sensory quality of large yellow croakers, and remarkable preservation effects are achieved. The invention also discloses a preparation method for the composite film forming preservative for large yellow croakers. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing apple branch polypehnol; (2) preparing nicandra physaloides carbohydrate gum; (3) performing compounding. The steps of the preparation method are simple, and the preparation method is high in operability and suitable for large-scale production and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of antistaling agent, especially relate to a kind of large yellow croaker composite film-forming preservative and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Large yellow croaker, has another name called yellow croaker, Cymbaria dahurica fish etc., is tradition one of four large marine products, is the main economic fish of China.Large yellow croaker is rich in the nutritional labeling such as protein and fat, due to its high-moisture, high-fat feature, makes the flesh of fish very easily putrid and deteriorated.In fish body, the factor such as autolytic enzyme reaction, microbial reproduction, fat oxidation, external source pollution all can cause flesh quality deterioration, produces bad smell, causes the decline of fish body organoleptic quality.Therefore, the preservation method of large yellow croaker is just seemed extremely important.
Large yellow croaker preservation method conventional at present has preservation by low temperature method, chemical fresh-keeping method, irradiated targets method and coating-film fresh-keeping method etc., and wherein, preservation by low temperature method fresh keeping time is short, and energy consumption is high; Chemical fresh-keeping method poor stability; Irradiated targets method by reducing method of microorganism to reach the object extending preservation term, but effectively can not suppress the activity of autolytic enzyme in fish body, and can not maintain the golden color of large yellow croaker body surface.Coating-film fresh-keeping method at present popular carries out fresh-keeping new technology to food both at home and abroad, its with large biological molecule (as polysaccharide, protein and lipid etc.) for raw material, the film that the one deck being covered in food surface or inside by forms such as parcel, dipping, coating, sprinklings can be made up of feeding habits material, reduce germ contamination, stop growth of microorganism, weaken air oxidation, slow down lipid oxidation rates, thus can keep the freshness of fish, moisture and local flavor better.
Such as, Authorization Notice No. CN101926378B, the Chinese patent of authorized announcement date 2012.10.24 discloses a kind of large yellow croaker coating preservation method, the fresh-keeping liquid of 1.5 ~ 2.5% is made into the Value of Spartina Anglica chromocor extract that purity is 40 ~ 50%, flood 8 ~ 15 minutes, use calcium chloride solution gel 5 minutes film large yellow croakers again, then pull out, rinsing, drain and preserve.Its weak point is, fresh-keeping liquid in this preservation method is single Value of Spartina Anglica flavones, Value of Spartina Anglica flavones only has the effect of scavenging free radicals (anti-oxidant), effectively can not suppress the activity of autolytic enzyme and maintain the color and luster of large yellow croaker body surface, limited use and single.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is large yellow croaker antistaling agent limited use in order to solve prior art and single problem, and provide the reasonable science of a kind of formula, security is good, can extend large yellow croaker fresh keeping time, improves the large yellow croaker composite film-forming preservative of fresh-keeping effect.
Present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of large yellow croaker composite film-forming preservative, this preparation method's step is simple, workable, is applicable to large-scale production and application.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of large yellow croaker composite film-forming preservative, be made up of the component of following mass percent: 0.5 ~ 1% natrium citricum, 0.3 ~ 0.5% sodium iso-vc, 1 ~ 3% vitamin C, 1 ~ 3% antierythrite, 0.1 ~ 0.3% apple branch polyphenol, 0.1 ~ 0.3% glucolactone, 3 ~ 5%EDTA disodium, 0.2 ~ 0.3% chitosan, 1 ~ 5% pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum, surplus is water.In antistaling agent of the present invention, natrium citricum can be lived by strong inhibition enzyme, and sodium iso-vc has the fresh-keeping effect helping look, and by the synergy of natrium citricum and sodium iso-vc, the brown stain that both can prevent rheum officinale from oppressing, can suppress again the generation of histamine in large yellow croaker, vitamin C has antioxidation, can the body surface color and luster of long sustaining large yellow croaker, prevent the oxidation decoloration of large yellow croaker body surface pigment and the oxidation of fat, but vitamin C is to thermally labile, be easy to degrade, add antierythrite and then can effectively slow down ascorbic degradation rate, can play ascorbic protective effect, apple branch polyphenol has antibacterial and antioxidation, harmful microorganism can be suppressed preferably, and can suppress to oppress fatty acid and slow down the oxidation of flesh of fish Middle nutrition material to a certain extent, relative to the bio-preservative such as Tea Polyphenols, ginger extract, the fresh-keeping effect of large yellow croaker can be significantly improved, apple branch polyphenol extracts from apple branch in addition, and the cost of raw material is low, can improve the utilization of agricultural product waste resource (apple branch), glucolactone can keep the elasticity of oppressing, after fish kills, the endogenous enzymes in Fish tissue can also be had an effect, voluntarily digest and decompose fish body, going bad of further accelerating fish body, and the aqueous solution of EDETATE SODIUM is in alkalescence, can neutralize the H of generation
+stablize the environment pH of fish body, thus slow down the speed of large yellow croaker protein denaturation, extend the shelf-life of large yellow croaker, in addition, EDETATE SODIUM can also with the water soluble complex of the multivalent ion chela synthesizing stables such as iron, copper, calcium, magnesium, large yellow croaker generation brown stain or variable color can be prevented, greatly can also reduce the vigor of fish body endogenous enzymes, slow down the rate of deterioration of fish body further, chitosan has very strong bacteriostasis, and can promote that each component in antistaling agent is infiltrated in the structure of fish muscle of large yellow croaker, and in addition, chitosan can also stablize the natural colouring matter in fish body skin, plays the effect of fixation, makes fish physical efficiency keep its original color and luster for a long time, pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum is film forming matter, be a kind of extract from Nicandra Physaloides nontoxic, colourless, tasteless, edible polysaccharide colloid, security is high, extract and be also easier to, compared to shitosan, the conventional film forming matter such as sodium alginate, it has more excellent film forming and gelation, and there is certain fungistatic effect, and significantly can suppress the growth of microorganism, slow down the decomposition sex change of protein in the flesh of fish, the rising of the pH value of oppressing that slows down, good refreshing effect, in addition, pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum can also make vitamin C reach the effect of slowly-releasing, antioxidation can be kept for a long time.The biochemical characteristic that the present invention is directed to large yellow croaker develops a kind of composite film-forming preservative, its reasonable science of filling a prescription, the equal safety non-toxic of each component, edible safety is high, is promoted by mutually collaborative between each component, has good to protect look, fresh-keeping and antiseptic property, can under the prerequisite ensureing large yellow croaker edible quality and organoleptic quality, greatly extend the fresh keeping time of large yellow croaker, fresh-keeping effect is remarkable, has a extensive future.
A preparation method for large yellow croaker composite film-forming preservative, comprises the following steps:
(1) apple branch polyphenol is prepared
Pulverize after apple branch after defoliation is dried to constant weight under 25 ± 2 DEG C of conditions, add the ethanolic solution that quality is dried apple branch quality 8 ~ 10 times, in ethanolic solution, the volumn concentration of ethanol is 70%, ultrasonic lixiviate 30 ~ 60min, suction filtration, by filtrate evaporated under reduced pressure to during without alcohol taste, with the centrifugal 20 ~ 30min of the speed of 3500 ~ 4000r/min, get supernatant, by supernatant vacuum freeze drying, obtain apple branch polyphenol.
(2) pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum is prepared
Dry false Calyx Physalis seed after removal of impurities being placed in quality is after the water immersion 1 ~ 2h of dry false Calyx Physalis seed quality 10 ~ 12 times, add thermal agitation in 50 ~ 60 DEG C and extract 1 ~ 2h, extract 3 layers of filtered through gauze, extruding 3 ~ 5min is repeatedly rubbed after filtrate gauze parcel, extract once by aforementioned condition again, merging filtrate, in 55 ~ 60 DEG C of Vacuum Concentrations to 1mL containing the concentrate of 1 ~ 1.5g solids, add ethanol after cooling and carry out alcohol precipitation, collecting precipitation in 55 ~ 60 DEG C of vacuum drying, pulverize, obtain pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum.
(3) composite
After taking each component by said ratio, first natrium citricum, sodium iso-vc, vitamin C, antierythrite, apple branch polyphenol, glucolactone, EDETATE SODIUM, chitosan are mixed with water, then add pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum carry out ultrasonic disperse.
As preferably, in step (), dried apple branch is crushed to the powder of diameter < 1mm.
As preferably, in step (), the temperature of ultrasonic lixiviate is 20 ~ 25 DEG C, supersonic frequency 100 ~ 120Hz.
Therefore, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
(1) a kind of composite film-forming preservative is developed according to the biochemical characteristic of large yellow croaker, its reasonable science of filling a prescription, the equal safety non-toxic of each component, edible safety is high, is promoted by mutually collaborative between each component, has good to protect look, fresh-keeping and antiseptic property, can under the prerequisite ensureing large yellow croaker edible quality and organoleptic quality, greatly extend the fresh keeping time of large yellow croaker, fresh-keeping effect is remarkable, has a extensive future;
(2) preparation method's step is simple, workable, is applicable to large-scale production and application.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by detailed description of the invention, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of large yellow croaker composite film-forming preservative, be made up of the component of following mass percent: 0.5% natrium citricum, 0.3% sodium iso-vc, 1% vitamin C, 1% antierythrite, 0.1% apple branch polyphenol, 0.1% glucolactone, 3%EDTA disodium, 0.2% chitosan, 1% pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum, surplus is water.
The preparation method of this large yellow croaker composite film-forming preservative, comprises the following steps:
(1) apple branch polyphenol is prepared
The powder of diameter < 1mm is crushed to after apple branch after defoliation is dried to constant weight under 25 ± 2 DEG C of conditions, add the ethanolic solution that quality is dried apple branch quality 8 times, in ethanolic solution, the volumn concentration of ethanol is 70%, ultrasonic lixiviate 30min, the temperature of ultrasonic lixiviate is 20 DEG C, supersonic frequency 100Hz, suction filtration, by filtrate evaporated under reduced pressure to during without alcohol taste, with the centrifugal 20min of the speed of 3500r/min, get supernatant, by supernatant vacuum freeze drying, obtain apple branch polyphenol.
(2) pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum is prepared
Dry false Calyx Physalis seed after removal of impurities being placed in quality is after the water of dry false Calyx Physalis seed quality 10 times soaks 1h, add thermal agitation in 50 DEG C and extract 1h, extract 3 layers of filtered through gauze, repeatedly rub extruding 3min, then extract once by aforementioned condition after filtrate gauze parcel, merging filtrate, in 55 DEG C of Vacuum Concentrations to 1mL containing the concentrate of 1g solids, add ethanol after cooling and carry out alcohol precipitation, collecting precipitation in 55 DEG C of vacuum drying, pulverize, obtain pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum.
(3) composite
After taking each component by said ratio, first natrium citricum, sodium iso-vc, vitamin C, antierythrite, apple branch polyphenol, glucolactone, EDETATE SODIUM, chitosan are mixed with water, then add pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum carry out ultrasonic disperse.
Embodiment 2
A kind of large yellow croaker composite film-forming preservative, be made up of the component of following mass percent: 1% natrium citricum, 0.5% sodium iso-vc, 3% vitamin C, 3% antierythrite, 0.3% apple branch polyphenol, 0.3% glucolactone, 5%EDTA disodium, 0.3% chitosan, 5% pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum, surplus is water.
The preparation method of this large yellow croaker composite film-forming preservative, comprises the following steps:
(1) apple branch polyphenol is prepared
The powder of diameter < 1mm is crushed to after apple branch after defoliation is dried to constant weight under 25 ± 2 DEG C of conditions, add the ethanolic solution that quality is dried apple branch quality 10 times, in ethanolic solution, the volumn concentration of ethanol is 70%, ultrasonic lixiviate 60min, the temperature of ultrasonic lixiviate is 25 DEG C, supersonic frequency 120Hz, suction filtration, by filtrate evaporated under reduced pressure to during without alcohol taste, with the centrifugal 30min of the speed of 4000r/min, get supernatant, by supernatant vacuum freeze drying, obtain apple branch polyphenol.
(2) pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum is prepared
Dry false Calyx Physalis seed after removal of impurities being placed in quality is after the water of dry false Calyx Physalis seed quality 12 times soaks 2h, add thermal agitation in 60 DEG C and extract 2h, extract 3 layers of filtered through gauze, repeatedly rub extruding 5min, then extract once by aforementioned condition after filtrate gauze parcel, merging filtrate, in 60 DEG C of Vacuum Concentrations to 1mL containing the concentrate of 1.5g solids, add ethanol after cooling and carry out alcohol precipitation, collecting precipitation in 60 DEG C of vacuum drying, pulverize, obtain pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum.
(3) composite
After taking each component by said ratio, first natrium citricum, sodium iso-vc, vitamin C, antierythrite, apple branch polyphenol, glucolactone, EDETATE SODIUM, chitosan are mixed with water, then add pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum carry out ultrasonic disperse.
Embodiment 3
A kind of large yellow croaker composite film-forming preservative, be made up of the component of following mass percent: 0.8% natrium citricum, 0.4% sodium iso-vc, 2% vitamin C, 2% antierythrite, 0.2% apple branch polyphenol, 0.2% glucolactone, 4%EDTA disodium, 0.25% chitosan, 2% pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum, surplus is water.
The preparation method of this large yellow croaker composite film-forming preservative, comprises the following steps:
(1) apple branch polyphenol is prepared
The powder of diameter < 1mm is crushed to after apple branch after defoliation is dried to constant weight under 25 ± 2 DEG C of conditions, add the ethanolic solution that quality is dried apple branch quality 9 times, in ethanolic solution, the volumn concentration of ethanol is 70%, ultrasonic lixiviate 40min, the temperature of ultrasonic lixiviate is 22 DEG C, supersonic frequency 110Hz, suction filtration, by filtrate evaporated under reduced pressure to during without alcohol taste, with the centrifugal 25min of the speed of 3800r/min, get supernatant, by supernatant vacuum freeze drying, obtain apple branch polyphenol.
(2) pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum is prepared
Dry false Calyx Physalis seed after removal of impurities being placed in quality is after the water of dry false Calyx Physalis seed quality 11 times soaks 1.5h, add thermal agitation in 55 DEG C and extract 1.5h, extract 3 layers of filtered through gauze, repeatedly rub extruding 4min, then extract once by aforementioned condition after filtrate gauze parcel, merging filtrate, in 57 DEG C of Vacuum Concentrations to 1mL containing the concentrate of 1.2g solids, add ethanol after cooling and carry out alcohol precipitation, collecting precipitation in 56 DEG C of vacuum drying, pulverize, obtain pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum.
(3) composite
After taking each component by said ratio, first natrium citricum, sodium iso-vc, vitamin C, antierythrite, apple branch polyphenol, glucolactone, EDETATE SODIUM, chitosan are mixed with water, then add pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum carry out ultrasonic disperse.
After fresh and alive large yellow croaker is freezed to death with trash ice, wash, drain, be divided into A, B, C, D tetra-groups, soak 20 ~ 30min by the large yellow croaker composite film-forming preservative in the large yellow croaker the various embodiments described above of A, B, C group, drain film forming after taking-up, refrigerate at 4 DEG C with after plastic bag vacuum packing; Directly refrigerate as a comparison case with after plastic bag vacuum packing at 4 DEG C by the large yellow croaker of D group, refrigerate and take out after 20 days, carry out index of fish freshness mensuration to each group of large yellow croaker, the assay method of index of fish freshness is as follows:
One. subjective appreciation
The eye of fish body, the gill, body surface, smell, the elasticity of muscle five are evaluated, be up to 9 points, according to the sensitivity of consumer to indices, determine that the weight of indices is 0.1,0.2,0.1,0.3,0.2, each item rating is multiplied by weight and is integrated sensory's scoring.One-level freshness is divided into 7 ~ 9; 5 ~ 7 are divided into secondary freshness.
Two. total number of bacteria measures
Adopt slat chain conveyor counting method, by SC/T3101-1984 standard, total number of bacteria (individual/g)≤10
4for one-level freshness; ≤ 10
5for secondary freshness.
Three .TVB-N (VBN)
Adopt semi-micro-sample distillation, by SC/T3101-1984 standard, TVB-N value (mg/100g)≤13 is one-level freshness; ≤ 30 is secondary freshness.
Four .pH pH-value determination pHs
Take mixing sample 10g, in beaker, add 90ml neutral water, stir, place 30min, period continuous jolting, then filter, filtrate measures with acidometer, directly reads pH value.
The result measured is as shown in the table:
As can be known from the above table, adopt its total plate count of large yellow croaker after the large yellow croaker composite film-forming preservative process in various embodiments of the present invention, TVB-N all lower than comparative example, scoring and pH value are higher than comparative example, illustrate that large yellow croaker composite film-forming preservative of the present invention is antibacterial remarkable with fresh-keeping effect, and effectively can stablize the environment pH of fish body, greatly can extend the fresh keeping time of large yellow croaker, fresh-keeping effect is remarkable, has broad application prospects.
Above-described embodiment is one of the present invention preferably scheme, not does any pro forma restriction to the present invention, also has other variant and remodeling under the prerequisite not exceeding the technical scheme described in claim.
Claims (4)
1. a large yellow croaker composite film-forming preservative, it is characterized in that, be made up of the component of following mass percent: 0.5 ~ 1% natrium citricum, 0.3 ~ 0.5% sodium iso-vc, 1 ~ 3% vitamin C, 1 ~ 3% antierythrite, 0.1 ~ 0.3% apple branch polyphenol, 0.1 ~ 0.3% glucolactone, 3 ~ 5%EDTA disodium, 0.2 ~ 0.3% chitosan, 1 ~ 5% pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum, surplus is water.
2. a preparation method for large yellow croaker composite film-forming preservative as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) apple branch polyphenol is prepared
Pulverize after apple branch after defoliation is dried to constant weight under 25 ± 2 DEG C of conditions, add the ethanolic solution that quality is dried apple branch quality 8 ~ 10 times, in ethanolic solution, the volumn concentration of ethanol is 70%, ultrasonic lixiviate 30 ~ 60min, suction filtration, by filtrate evaporated under reduced pressure to during without alcohol taste, with the centrifugal 20 ~ 30min of the speed of 3500 ~ 4000r/min, get supernatant, by supernatant vacuum freeze drying, obtain apple branch polyphenol;
(2) pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum is prepared
Dry false Calyx Physalis seed after removal of impurities being placed in quality is after the water immersion 1 ~ 2h of dry false Calyx Physalis seed quality 10 ~ 12 times, add thermal agitation in 50 ~ 60 DEG C and extract 1 ~ 2h, extract 3 layers of filtered through gauze, extruding 3 ~ 5min is repeatedly rubbed after filtrate gauze parcel, extract once by aforementioned condition again, merging filtrate, in 55 ~ 60 DEG C of Vacuum Concentrations to 1mL containing the concentrate of 1 ~ 1.5g solids, add ethanol after cooling and carry out alcohol precipitation, collecting precipitation in 55 ~ 60 DEG C of vacuum drying, pulverize, obtain pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum;
(3) composite
After taking each component by said ratio, first natrium citricum, sodium iso-vc, vitamin C, antierythrite, apple branch polyphenol, glucolactone, EDETATE SODIUM, chitosan are mixed with water, then add pseudoacid slurry carbohydrate gum carry out ultrasonic disperse.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in step (), dried apple branch is crushed to the powder of diameter < 1mm.
4. preparation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in step (), the temperature of ultrasonic lixiviate is 20 ~ 25 DEG C, supersonic frequency 100 ~ 120Hz.
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| CN107019025A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-08-08 | 无锡中顺生物技术有限公司 | The ice fish antistaling agent that a kind of river crab uses |
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| CN109527065A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-29 | 海南职业技术学院 | A kind of preservation method of selenium polysaccharide in chilled meat |
| CN109953105A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-07-02 | 宁德市海扬食品有限公司 | A kind of Larimichthys crocea quick-freezing fresh-keeping method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104351310B (en) | 2017-04-05 |
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