CN104343131A - Semi-prefabricated semi-cast-in-situ underground continuous wall and construction process - Google Patents
Semi-prefabricated semi-cast-in-situ underground continuous wall and construction process Download PDFInfo
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- CN104343131A CN104343131A CN201310320451.9A CN201310320451A CN104343131A CN 104343131 A CN104343131 A CN 104343131A CN 201310320451 A CN201310320451 A CN 201310320451A CN 104343131 A CN104343131 A CN 104343131A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/20—Bulkheads or similar walls made of prefabricated parts and concrete, including reinforced concrete, in situ
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0023—Cast, i.e. in situ or in a mold or other formwork
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Abstract
The invention provides a semi-prefabricated semi-cast-in-situ underground continuous wall. The semi-prefabricated semi-cast-in-situ underground continuous wall comprises a prefabricated hollow wall, a cast-in-situ baseplate and a core wall, wherein the hollow wall comprises a series of hollow wall sections fabricated sectionally on the ground and orderly arranged along the axis of the wall, and gaps between the sections; the hollow wall is sunk manually by a predetermined elevation; the baseplate is cast under the hollow wall, and the cavity of the hollow wall is completely or partially poured with concrete to form the core wall. The semi-prefabricated semi-cast-in-situ underground continuous wall is integrated with two walls, and therefore, the land is utilized intensively and the construction cost is greatly saved; the earth cutting sinking operation space is large, people can move in the hollow wall, earth cutting and earth discharging are carried separately, and therefore, the efficiency is improved and the personal safety is guaranteed; the construction method of the semi-prefabricated semi-cast-in-situ underground continuous wall is simple, no large channeling equipment is required and no mud pollution is generated; a plurality of wall sections can be fabricated in parallel in batches, and the speed is high and the construction period is short; the sections are visual, simple and convenient to connect, the wall is high in concrete quality and good in waterproofness, and no inner wall needs to be built so that the construction cost can be further saved; adverse geological conditions such as boulders are easy to handle, and the semi-prefabricated semi-cast-in-situ underground continuous wall is especially suitable for multilayer deep foundation pits having many boulders and complex in geology, side walls of underground passages or metros, underground impervious waterproof walls and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of underground deep foundation pit supporting structure and outer wall of basement structure, especially relevant with a kind of half prefabricated half cast-in-place diaphragm wall body of Two walls unite as one and construction technology.
Background technology
Along with becoming increasingly conspicuous of Urban Parking Difficulty, basement in high rise building is just built darker and darker, and three to five layers of basement are common, and more than five layers basements also will progressively occur.But the non-soft clay area of current China major part, to the design of deep foundation ditch temporary support structures, mostly continues to use traditional way, adopt campshed wall to add inner support or campshed wall and add and draw anchor cable scheme outward.
This type of temporary supporting structure, once after main structure construction completes, must backfill closely knit sand, to meet the build-in requirement of agent structure between it and outer wall of basement.Then, the effect of temporary supporting structure will stop completely, and become the permanent solid waste stayed outside agent structure, leave hidden danger to following construction.And along with the increase of foundation depth, the cost of temporary supporting structure also increases sharply.At present, the cost of five layers of every linear meter(lin.m.) supporting and protection structure of basement is up to 6 to 8 ten thousand yuan.Therefore, this two walls be separated design scheme, seem both backwardnesss, again require great effort, expensive, also leave permanent hidden danger.
By contrast, at present in the Diaphragm Wall that the soft clay area such as Jiangsu-zhejiang Shanghai Area adopt, advantage is obvious.This technology adopts special plant equipment grooving, and mud off, then puts into reinforced mesh in groove, tremie concrete, forms cast-in-place ground-connecting-wall; Or the reality be prefabricated in the factory (sky) core-wall section is transported to scene, then groove is put in lifting, forms prefabricated ground-connecting-wall.Ground-connecting-wall both as the temporary support structures of foundation ditch, again as the permanent exterior wall of basement, Two walls unite as one, if combine " contrary sequence method " construction, can reduction of erection time greatly, significantly reduce construction costs, economic benefit is splendid.Especially along with the continuous increase of foundation depth, the further development and application of ground-connecting-wall technology, more seems very important and urgent.
But existing ground-connecting-wall technology also exists many deficiencies, such as: 1, the very high sandy gravel stratum of artesian head or very soft clay are contained for karst area, be still difficult to adopt; 2, some pan soil regional geology is very uneven, and containing a large amount of rectangular slab of stone, boulder in ground, implement difficulty large, cost is high; 3, job site is moister and muddy, and the discarded slurry produced can bring environment pollution; 4, need special construction equipment and there is the professional construction troop of certain experiences; 5, easily there is irregular backbreaking and landslip of the sides of the trench phenomenon; 6, cast-in-place ground-connecting-wall metope is more coarse, even there will be folder mud phenomenon, need do one water-resistant liner wall; 7, prefabricated ground-connecting-wall carrying and hang cumbersome, the connection between section and section be not easy process.
It is worthy of note, Zeng Xiansheng in 2002 is published in " Guangxi civil construction " the 27th volume the 3rd phase, 143rd, 144,147 pages of literary compositions: " application of sinking type retaining wall in deep foundation pit support ", relate generally to the Gravity Retaining Wall of shallow foundation pit, the overall merit such as do not possess Two walls unite as one, impervious waterproof, vertical load-bearing and easily coordinate with contrary sequence method.And its cross-sectional form is single, more cannot make to middle part of the present invention be solid wall two ends is efficient, the high-quality ground-connecting-wall of the such one-time-reach-place of well that is unearthed.Moreover if it for more than three ~ five layers deep foundation ditchs, because lower end transverse shearing force is excessive, the cross wall shearing resistance depended merely in empty stomach wall cannot meet, and can produce new problem.
Therefore the employing sinking type gear soil that proposes of Zeng Xiansheng in 2002 is as the method for the supporting of deep foundation ditch, though have certain compliance, cannot solve the design and construction problem of current ultra-deep foundation pit Two walls unite as one at all, not have the meaning extensively promoted.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of above-mentioned ground-connecting-wall technology, provide a kind of compliance wider, implement easier, better half prefabricated half cast-in-place diaphragm wall body and the construction technology of economy.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of half prefabricated half cast-in-place diaphragm wall body, comprise wall, cast-in-place foundation slab and core wall on an empty stomach, described empty stomach wall comprises a series of making in terrestrial segment and the empty stomach wall section of discharging in order along body of wall axis and the gap between section and section, described empty stomach wall sinks to reaching predetermined absolute altitude by manual method, build described foundation slab below described empty stomach wall, and all or part of concrete perfusion forms described core core wall in described empty stomach wall cavity.
Further, described empty stomach wall section is the structure of prefabricated reinforced concrete variable cross-section; By two panels indulge wall, twice end wall panel, some roads cross wall and more than cross wall number one cavity form.
Further, the form of described empty stomach wall section cross section longitudinally adopts same form or point minizone version along body of wall.
Further, progressively adduction is stepped from bottom to top along short transverse for described empty stomach wall section cross-sectional form, or slowly narrows from bottom to top, or be staged is below on an empty stomach staged solid wall above wall, or overall height remains unchanged.
Further, described end wall panel is when it is positioned at described both sides, gap, plate-like for what can dismantle flexibly.
Further, described cross wall bottom is provided with construction hole.
Further, described foundation slab, after described empty stomach wall sinks to putting in place, first adopts plain concrete back cover, then pouring reinforcement concrete and being formed.
Further, described core core wall by a certain absolute altitude, before its concrete perfusion, is first removed the end wall panel of described both sides, gap, is formed the new cavity comprising gap in described empty stomach wall cavity continuously or compartment concrete perfusion and being formed.
A construction technology for half prefabricated half cast-in-place diaphragm wall body, comprises the following steps:
The first step, at factory or field ground prefabricate wall on an empty stomach, and its wall section to be discharged in order along body of wall axis, between wall section and wall section, stay certain interval;
Second step, all wall section compartments are divided into two batches, adopt draining or not drainage sink successively:
3rd step, on an empty stomach wall sink to after predetermined absolute altitude should back cover fast, and concreting foundation slab;
4th step, by designing requirement, on a certain absolute altitude, continuously or compartment perfusion core core wall concrete;
5th step, end are all constructed.
Further, when empty stomach wall is higher, can layering make, layering is sunk.
Adopt technique scheme, compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, Two walls unite as one, saves construction land, and save construction costs, compared with existing ground-connecting-wall technology, folk prescription walls concrete comprehensive cost can save more than 30%;
2, without the need to special trench equipment, require also not high to the technical level of constructor;
3, body of wall is wider, and bending rigidity improves greatly, can reduce vertical reinforcement consumption, increases body of wall cantilever height, reduces internal support of foundation pit engineering quantity, easily adopts prestressing technique, save steel using amount further;
5, the scope of operation is large, can as hand excavated pile concurrent job, speed is fast, and the duration is short;
6, run into the Complicated Geologic Conditions such as boulder easily to process;
7, concrete strength high, Functionality, quality and appealing design, impervious good water-proof effect, without the need to doing inwall;
8, easily coordinate with contrary sequence method, and can reserved part on an empty stomach wall well as the exit passageway of the foundation ditch inside earthwork, to accelerate the speed of cutting the earth, being unearthed in foundation ditch inside;
9, mud-less pollution, without the permanent solid waste in underground, belongs to environmental type construction technique;
10, wide adaptability, can be widely used in the deep foundation ditch in pan soil or complicated geology area, and the abutment wall of subway or underground passage, impervious mine dam etc.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms a part of the present invention, and schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is diaphragm wall body structure floor map of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the body of diaphragm wall shown in Fig. 1 a-a cross-sectional view;
Fig. 3 is empty stomach wall construction floor map of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the wall of empty stomach shown in Fig. 3 a-a cross-sectional view;
Fig. 5 is the empty stomach wall construction floor map of the next upper solid wall of wall on an empty stomach of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the wall of empty stomach shown in Fig. 5 b-b cross-sectional view;
Fig. 7 is the wall of empty stomach shown in Fig. 5 a-a cross-sectional view.
Reference numeral: 1, on an empty stomach wall, 11, on an empty stomach wall section, 111, vertical wall, 112, end wall panel, 113,
Cross wall, 1131, construction hole, 114, cavity, 115, shear connections groove, 116, solid wall, 12,
Gap, 2, foundation slab, 3, core core wall.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make technical problem to be solved by this invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearly, understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 7, half prefabricated half cast-in-place diaphragm wall body and construction technology, the body of wall of diaphragm wall is divided into three parts: one is prefabricated steel concrete variable cross-section wall 1 on an empty stomach, its terrestrial segment making at the scene, or be well transported to scene again at produce in factory, then adopt manual method to cut the earth and sink to arriving the predetermined absolute altitude in underground; Two is cast-in-place foundation slabs 2, and it is positioned at below described empty stomach wall 1; Three is cast-in-place core core walls 3, and it is by a certain absolute altitude, in described empty stomach wall 1 cavity 114 continuously or compartment concrete perfusion and being formed.
Described empty stomach wall 1 is made up of a series of empty stomach wall section 11, they will be discharged in order along body of wall axis, leave certain interval 12 between section and section before sinking.Gap 12 is unsuitable excessive, generally gets 0.1-0.8 meter, can guarantee that adjacent empty stomach wall section 11 collision mutually can not occur just when sinking.
Described empty stomach wall section 11 comprises two panels and indulges wall 111, twice end wall panel 112 and some roads cross wall 113, and than the cavity 114 of cross wall 113 number of channels many, wall thickness and the arrangement of reinforcement of all bodies of wall are determined by design.Each about 3-30 meters of empty stomach wall section 11 length, outside width 1-2 meters, its concrete size comprehensively can be determined according to actual geological condition, the basement degree of depth and construction experience etc.
Cavity 114 in described empty stomach wall section 11, its clear span is generally not less than 0.6 meter, and single cavity 114 is grown up only between 1.0-2.5 meters, the actual needs of the large I of cavity 114 area and people wherein operation lateral stressed according to body of wall and adjusting.
The cross section of described empty stomach wall section 11 longitudinally both can adopt identical form along body of wall, and also can a point away minor segment change to some extent, it is that progressively adduction is stepped from bottom to top that its form has four kinds: one; Two is that slowly change narrows from the width from bottom to top; Three are lower ends is stepped empty stomach wall, and more than a certain absolute altitude, change stepped solid wall 116 into, and this mode needs a wall section end on an empty stomach to make vertical shaft so that staff's turnover and being unearthed; Four is substantially remain unchanged along overall height.
On the inner side metope of described vertical wall 111, according to the designing requirement of superimposed wall, horizontal shear link slot 115 should be set, stressed to guarantee the entirety of ground-connecting-wall.
Described cross wall bottom is provided with construction hole 1131, so that operating personnel moves freely in cavity 114, cuts the earth, is unearthed and separately carries out, guarantee personal safety.
Described end wall panel 112, when it is positioned at described 12 both sides, gap, makes can dismantle flexibly plate-like.Its object: be convenient on the one hand, when sink on an empty stomach by wall section 11 for second batch, by removing the end wall panel 112 below it, remove the soil in 12 li, described gap in passing; On the other hand before construction core core wall 3, by removing described end wall panel 112, form the new cavity comprising described gap 12, and then continous pouring concrete, be beneficial to strengthen being rigidly connected of diaphragm wall node, improve its overall stressed and impervious waterproof ability.
Described foundation slab 2 is positioned at below described empty stomach wall 1, after described empty stomach wall 1 sinks to putting in place, first uses plain concrete back cover, then pouring reinforcement concrete base plate and being formed.
Described core core wall 3 has two kinds of forms: one is more than a certain absolute altitude, and after the end wall panel 112 described in removing, continuous concrete in all new, old cavitys, forms the core core wall 3 that total length is through continuously; Two is more than a certain absolute altitude, with other horizontal shear resistance short position concreting in the new cavity only formed after the end wall panel 112 described in removing, forms the core core wall 3 of compartment.But for just having made the position of solid wall 116 time prefabricated, without the need to pouring into described core core wall 3.
So-called a certain absolute altitude, refers generally to the position reducing by 0.5-3 meters than basement bottom board bottom surface again.
In addition, strength grade of concrete and the seepage-resistant grade of wall 1, foundation slab 2 and core core wall 3 on an empty stomach also will be determined according to the requirement of design and construction specification, and take steel plate water stopper or other effective waterproof measure at key position, guarantee that the impervious waterproof ability of ground-connecting-wall of the present invention reaches the requirement of national regulation.
The construction technology of diaphragm wall of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
The first step, according to design drawing, adopt the method similar to making light open caisson, terrestrial segment Prefabricated hollow wall 1 at the scene, and its wall section is discharged in order along body of wall axis, certain interval 12 is stayed between wall section and wall section, when when factory's sectional making, first it should be transported to scene, then proceed according to the method that field ground makes;
Second step, when empty stomach wall 1 is higher, can layering make, layering sink;
3rd step, all empty stomach wall section 11 compartments are divided into two batches, adopt draining or not drainage sink successively:
1, when sinking frictional resistance is larger, in the gap that can be formed between vertical wall 111 variable cross-section place and ground, pour into sand or lubricated slurry, or adopt the auxiliary sinking of the methods such as ballast,
2, when running into the Complicated Geologic Conditions such as boulder, the ways such as micro-explosion can be adopted to solve,
3, there is displacement or deflection for preventing when wall section 11 is sunk on an empty stomach, the positioning and guiding such as steel pipe or stake facility can be squeezed at its vertex angle part in advance, once find displacement, deflection, should adopt an effective measure in time and be corrected;
4th step, on an empty stomach wall 1 sink to after predetermined absolute altitude should back cover fast, and concreting foundation slab 2;
5th step, according to designing requirement, on a certain absolute altitude, continuously or compartment perfusion core core wall 3 concrete;
6th step, end are all constructed.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further for drainage sink method.
One, engineering geologic investigation
Except the geological mapping of routine, boring should be supplemented at equal intervals along exterior wall axis, pitch-row 3-5 meters, and can encrypt according to actual needs; Hole depth is not less than 1.5 times of foundation depth.The adverse geological conditions such as emphasis finds out whether there is boulder, stream mud, drift sand, solution cavity, to carry out counter-measure in advance.
Also accurately will grasp hydrogeologic data, effectively falling when formulating drainage sink, drainage measure, to reduce the impact on foundation ditch surrounding enviroment as far as possible simultaneously.
Two, ground-connecting-wall design
1, according to geology exploration report, main body and the data such as underground structure and basic engineering thereof, according to the waterproof requirement of body of wall, determine underground continuous wall body concrete strength grade, seepage-resistant grade, the size etc. in the cross-sectional form of preliminary selected wall section 11 on an empty stomach and each position relative dimensions, gap 12.
2, the form of primary election foundation slab 2 and core core wall 3 and relative dimensions.
3, according to the various load case that may occur, respectively calculation review is carried out to empty stomach wall 1 and overall diaphragm wall, after suitably adjusting relative dimensions, complete the Reinforcement Design of wall 1 and core core wall 3 on an empty stomach.
4, check the stressed of foundation slab 2, after suitable adjust size, complete the design of foundation slab 2.
5, adopt the effective waterproof measures such as steel plate water stopper at key position, and go out drawing.
Three, Prefabricated hollow wall section 1
1, the position of each empty stomach wall section 11, along outer wall of basement axis, by surveying and locating, is laid in order in ground at the scene;
2, method or the code of light open caisson is made with reference to other field, Prefabricated hollow wall section 11;
3, take the method embedding batten, inside empty stomach wall section 11, metope arranges horizontal shear link slot 115;
4, piecemeal creative activity formula end wall panel 112, and the end it being arranged on prefabricated empty stomach wall section 11.
Four, the wall of sinking empty stomach in batches section 11
The sinking construction of wall section 11 on an empty stomach, the construction that can sink with reference to other field light open caisson.
1, empty stomach wall section 11 compartment is divided into two batches, then sinks successively;
When 2, sinking to starting, operating personnel enters in empty stomach wall section 11 internal cavity 114, adopts small-sized machine, cuts the earth, while be unearthed, and controls the subsidence velocity of empty stomach wall section 11, prevents prominent heavy phenomenon from occurring.Cut the earth, be unearthed and should carry out in point storehouse, to guarantee personal security;
3, after sinking to starting, in the gap that vertical wall 111 adduction variable cross-section place and ground are formed, mud is poured into;
4, when sink on an empty stomach by wall section 11 for second batch, by removing the end wall panel 112 of bottom, the soil in section and 12 li, gap, section junction is removed in passing;
5, run into the adverse geological conditions such as boulder, adopt the method similar to hand excavated pile to process in time;
6, in empty stomach wall section 11, both ends arrange positioning and guiding steel pipe in advance, prevent from, when wall section 11 is sunk on an empty stomach, displacement or deflection occur;
7, information-aided construction, often sink a segment distance, just carries out one-shot measurement, pinpoint the problems, correct in time.
Five, construction foundation slab 2
After empty stomach wall 1 sinks to arriving predetermined absolute altitude, adopt the quick back cover of plain concrete, re-lay foundation slab 2 reinforcing bar, concreting.
Six, construction concrete core core wall 3
When gap 12 is larger, first vertical wall 111 horizontal reinforcement of adjacent empty stomach wall section 11 should be coupled together, and supplement the vertical reinforcement that vertical wall 111 is set, and then carry out the concrete perfusion of core core wall 3.
According to designing requirement, at the bottom of basement foundation ditch, reduce the position of a meter more upwards, progressively remove end wall panel 112, stratified continuous pouring core core wall 3 concrete from bottom to top in all new, old cavitys.
Above-mentioned explanation illustrate and describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention, as previously mentioned, be to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed by this paper, should not regard the eliminating to other embodiments as, and can be used for other combinations various, amendment and environment, and can in invention contemplated scope described herein, changed by the technology of above-mentioned instruction or association area or knowledge.And the change that those skilled in the art carry out and change do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, then all should in the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one and half prefabricated half cast-in-place diaphragm wall bodies, it is characterized in that: comprise Prefabricated hollow wall, cast-in-place foundation slab and core wall, described empty stomach wall comprises a series of making in terrestrial segment and the empty stomach wall section of discharging in order along body of wall axis and the gap between section and section, described empty stomach wall sinks to reaching predetermined absolute altitude by manual method, build described foundation slab below described empty stomach wall, and all or part of concrete perfusion forms described core core wall in described empty stomach wall cavity.
2. a kind of half prefabricated half cast-in-place diaphragm wall body as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described empty stomach wall section is prefabricated reinforced concrete variable section structure; By two panels indulge wall, twice end wall panel, some roads cross wall and more than cross wall number one cavity form.
3. a kind of half prefabricated half cast-in-place diaphragm wall body as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: the form of described empty stomach wall section cross section longitudinally adopts same form or point minizone version along body of wall.
4. a kind of half prefabricated half cast-in-place diaphragm wall body as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: progressively adduction is stepped from bottom to top along short transverse for described empty stomach wall section cross-sectional form, or slowly narrow from bottom to top, or be staged be below on an empty stomach staged solid wall above wall, or overall height remains unchanged.
5. a kind of half prefabricated half cast-in-place diaphragm wall body as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described end wall panel is when it is positioned at described both sides, gap, plate-like for what can dismantle flexibly.
6. a kind of half prefabricated half cast-in-place diaphragm wall body as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described cross wall bottom is provided with construction hole.
7. half prefabricated half cast-in-place diaphragm wall body as claimed in claim 1 or 2 a kind of, is characterized in that: described foundation slab, after described empty stomach wall sinks to putting in place, first adopts plain concrete back cover, then pouring reinforcement concrete and being formed.
8. a kind of half prefabricated half cast-in-place diaphragm wall body as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described core core wall is by a certain absolute altitude, in described empty stomach wall cavity continuously or compartment concrete perfusion and being formed, before its concrete perfusion, first remove the end wall panel of described both sides, gap, form the new cavity comprising gap.
9. a construction technology for half prefabricated half cast-in-place diaphragm wall body, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
The first step, at factory or field ground prefabricate wall on an empty stomach, and its wall section to be discharged in order along body of wall axis, between wall section and wall section, stay certain interval;
Second step, all wall section compartments are divided into two batches, adopt draining or not drainage sink successively:
3rd step, on an empty stomach wall sink to after predetermined absolute altitude should back cover fast, and concreting foundation slab;
4th step, by designing requirement, on a certain absolute altitude, continuously or compartment perfusion core core wall concrete;
5th step, end are all constructed.
10. the construction technology of a kind of half prefabricated half cast-in-place diaphragm wall body as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that: when empty stomach wall is higher, and can layering make, layering is sunk.
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| CN110528602A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-12-03 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Earth lateral pressure experiment simulator under diaphram wall difference level of ground water operating condition |
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| CN115627786A (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-01-20 | 中国冶金地质总局第三地质勘查院 | Method for plugging waste water taking well |
| CN117684548A (en) * | 2024-02-01 | 2024-03-12 | 中国建筑第六工程局有限公司 | CT clamping groove permanent-face combined assembled type ground connection wall connection method |
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Application publication date: 20150211 |