CN104342283A - Camellia oil dewaxing degreasing process - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a camellia oil dewaxing degreasing process. According to the process, according to the grease crystal form obtaining determined by the cooling rate and the crystallization temperature, and the sufficient time required by the achievement of the stable crystal form, stepless speed adjustment is adopted to stir, such that various positions in the grease is uniform; the precipitated grease crystal collides with the grease molecule to be precipitated so as to easily achieve formation and growth of the crystal grain; a screw pump is adopted to convey; the small unit and whole combined freezing is adopted, the refrigerant circulating pump is arranged in each crystal crystallization tank and each crystal culture tank, and the freezing performs the unit circulating when the production is low; the filtration way adopts the high position tank liquid level pressure difference and the screw pump to filter, the degreasing filtration adopts the filtration paper, and the middle speed is controlled; and during the whole freezing process control, the intelligent control system is designed, the operator can easily operate after setting the temperature, the freezing liquid temperature and the temperature inside the machine adopt the digital display meters, and the system automatically shuts down when the phenomena of power-down and water cut-off generate.

Description

A kind of Camellia oil dewaxing, fat technique

Technical field:

The present invention and product, the technical field that wax in tea oil, lipid is removed of edible oil in winterization operation.

Background technology:

Camellia oil belongs to nondrying oil, look clear, taste is fragrant, as a kind of high containing oleic acid (monounsaturated fatty acids) grease, lipid acid composition is very similar to sweet oil ... but containing the active substance do not had in the sweet oil such as micro-camellianin, tsubakisaponin, tea-polyphenol in Camellia oil, its structure and composition meet the required of human nutrition very much, are easy to be absorbed by the body.Wherein camellianin has cardiotonic, and tsubakisaponin has thrombus dissolving effect, and tea-polyphenol can reduce cholesterol, prophylaxis of tumours.Frequent edible Camellia oil has good effect to raising HDL-C (HDL), reduction low density cholesterol (LDL), enhancing blood vessel elasticity and toughness, reduction blood fat, raising body immunity, to preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, heart trouble, coronary heart disease to have good curative effect, Camellia oil is a kind of excellent edible oil with dietary function.In history, Camellia oil was once that " emperor seals the food for the emperor " uses oil, and nowadays high-grade Camellia oil has been the consumption hot spot of health-care edible oil.Through the refining Camellia oil such as deodorization, filtration when temperature is higher, outward appearance and transparency fine, but winter temperature lower than 10 DEG C particularly close to 0 DEG C time, liquid Camellia oil without degreasing is muddy shape, from small packages (being generally polyester bottles) often visible occur in oil can middle and lower part cloud form, silk ribbon shape or alabastrine cotton-shaped drift (according to chemical examination for non-wax and be solid fat), cause transparency to be deteriorated, thus have a strong impact on the external quality of product.Because Camellia oil is produced more in winter, temperature is usually less than 14 DEG C, time commercially available, actual cabinet temperature of facing may lower than 5 DEG C, therefore become turbid without the Camellia oil of degreasing and even have sedimentary phenomenon to occur repeatedly, and often thought by mistake be substandard product by some human consumers.And Camellia oil is many introduces to the market with small packages after annual November, temperature, generally lower than the cloud point of Camellia oil, if do not slough this part the solid-state fat easily causing floss, is then difficult to the favor winning human consumer.The fusing point of sweet three esters dissimilar in natural fats and oils has certain difference, and reduces along with the reduction solid fat of temperature and the mutual solubility of liquid oils, therefore can impel solid fat crystallization by making grease cool, then carrying out the object that solid-liquid separation can reach degreasing.Crystallization time is conducive to formation and the growth of stable crystal form, but labour productivity is low.Because current Camellia oil manufacturing enterprise mostly is small processing factory, therefore general requirement takes longer crystallization time.

Summary of the invention:

Production technique involved by this project, provides the dewaxing of a kind of Camellia oil, fat technique, in edible oil winterization operation for the problems referred to above; Acquisition according to the most stable crystal form of grease is determined by speed of cooling and Tc, and the hurried cooling of excessive temperature differentials easily forms the glass plastid that cannot be separated, and only slowly cools to certain Tc, could obtain corresponding crystal formation.Rate of cooling depends on the temperature difference and the heat transfer area of heat-eliminating medium and grease, and the excessive temperature difference can form nucleus dirt at heat exchanger surface.Degreasing effect depends primarily on quantity and the size of crystal grain, reach stable crystal form and need time enough, the fat crystalline substance of freezing formation is only the product under sweet three ester different melting points, its structural strength is limited, shearing and pressure can not be born, should avoid being subject to turbulent shear in course of conveying as far as possible, adopt spiral pump to carry.

Camellia oil Tc controls 4 ~ 8 DEG C time (low about the 4 ~ C of corresponding chilled liquid temperature), is conducive to the formation of crystal.When temperature is down to 9 DEG C, rate of temperature fall is obviously slack-off, makes temperature recovery to 6 ~ about C to when 5 DEG C due to crystallization exotherm, continues rate of temperature fall after several hours and just accelerates.In skimming processes, adopt refrigerating water sets, chilled liquid temperature remains on 0 ~ 4 ~ C; When winter conditions temperature is at 5 ~ 10 DEG C, chilled liquid temperature controls at one 1 ~ 2 DEG C.32 DEG C of camellia crude oil are chilled to about 0 DEG C, and whole refrigerating process controls at 8-12h; Specifically determined by crude oil precipitate amount, make precipitate can become large stretch of crystal, be beneficial to the filter operation of rear road.Adopt stepless speed regulation to stir, evenly, the brilliant fat molecular impact with separating out of the fat of having separated out, is conducive to the formation of crystal grain and grows up to make cooling everywhere in grease.But stirring velocity is excessive, then can smashes the crystal grain formed, also be unfavorable for crystallization.Camellia oil temperature, about about 25 DEG C, stirs and adopts high speed, thus raising heat exchanger effectiveness saves time; When being cooled to 8 ~ 14 DEG C, in Camellia oil, solid fat has part to separate out, and reduces rotating speed gradually; Oil temperature is down to 4 ~ 8 DEG C, solid fat mass crystallization time, be ensure crystallization effect, freezing time continues longer, need maintain lower stirring velocity, is beneficial to the formation of effective crystallization.In winterization degreasing process, for saving the energy in refrigeration systems, adopt junior unit and overall compound refrigeration; Refrigerant circulation pump is provided with at each knot, maturator unit.When turnout is low, refrigeration carries out unit circulation; Refrigerating duty significantly reduces, thus reaches energy-conservation effect.For ensureing freezing degreasing effect, filter type adopts high level tank liquid level pressure reduction and spiral pump to filter; Degreasing adopts filter paper in filtering and controls middling speed.In whole refrigerating process controls, be designed with intelligent control system, if operator set temperature after skilled just can easy manipulation.Chilled liquid temperature and freezing built-in temperature all adopt read out instrument, and to cut off the water supply phenomenon as there is power-off, then system is with regard to automatic shutdown, thus ensures the safe operation of freezing unit and whole system.

Accompanying drawing illustrates:

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described, and Fig. 1 is the dewaxing of a kind of Camellia oil, fat process principle figure.

As shown in Figure 1: roily oil pump 1, roily oil tank 2, an edible vegetable oil tank 3, No. four filters 4, No. three filters 5, a filtration pump 6, No. five knots, maturator 7, No. four knots, maturator 8, high level tank 9, No. three knots, maturator 10, No. two knots, maturator 11, a knot, maturator 12, interchanger 13, refrigerant tank 14, refrigerant pump 15, freezing unit 16, No. two filters 17, a filter 18, No. two edible vegetable oil tanks 19, finished product oil pump 20, fat melting tank 21, palmitin pump 22, be circulated throughout filter pump 23.

Embodiment:

Product involved by this project, as shown in Figure 1, squeezing process, Degumming Procedures, deodorization procedures carry the edible Camellia oil of coming, and the interchanger 13 be provided with in system utilizes steam heating; Segregative crystal will do not allowed to melt.After edible Camellia oil heating, be transported to a knot respectively according to practical situation, No. 12, two, maturator knot, No. 11, three, maturator knot, No. 10, four, maturator knot, No. 8, five, maturator knot, maturator 7 carry out crystallization, growing the grain.By refrigerant tank 14, refrigerant pump 15, freezing unit 16 provide refrigerant at knot, circulate in maturator, the heat constantly taken away; Edible oil is made to reach crystallization, growing the grain technological temperature; The heat that freezing unit 16 absorbs, replaces outdoor by water coolant.Knot, No. 12, two, maturator knot, No. 11, three, maturator knot, No. 10, four, maturator knot, No. 8, five, maturator knot, maturator 7 arrange second floor in systems in which, utilize tank body self liquid-level pressure after edible oil crystallization, growing the grain complete, edible oil is transported to a filter 18, No. two filters 17, No. three filters 5, No. four filters 4 and filters.When pressure itself is inadequate, by a filtration pump 6, edible oil is transported to high level tank 9, then filters; When high level tank 9 pressure is inadequate, the valve transfer be provided with by pipeline, utilizes a filtration pump 6 to carry out delivery of filtered; Because a filtration pump 6 adopts spiral pump, the crystal of edible oil would not be damaged like this.After edible oil arrives a filter 18, No. two filters 17, No. three filters 5, No. four filters 4, the underproof edible vegetable oil after filtration is transported to an edible vegetable oil tank 3, is then transported to high level tank 9 circulating filtration through being circulated throughout filter pump 23; Qualified edible vegetable oil is transported to No. two edible vegetable oil tanks 19, is then transported in stockyard through finished product oil pump 20 and preserves.Isolated sump oil, is transported to interchanger 13 through roily oil pump 1 after being transported to roily oil tank 2 and carries out freshening; Isolated wax or lipid, be transported to wax, fat storehouse through palmitin pump 22 after being transported to fat melting tank 21.

Claims (3)

1. Camellia oil dewaxing, a fat technique, its feature: described technique, the acquisition according to grease stable crystal form is determined by speed of cooling and Tc, and degreasing effect depends primarily on quantity and the size of crystal grain, and reach stable crystal form needs time enough; Adopt stepless speed regulation to stir, make cooling everywhere in grease even; The brilliant fat molecular impact with separating out of the fat of having separated out, is conducive to the formation of crystal grain and grows up; Spiral pump is adopted to carry; Adopt junior unit and overall compound refrigeration, be provided with refrigerant circulation pump at each knot, maturator unit, when turnout is low, refrigeration carries out unit circulation; Filter type adopts high level tank liquid level pressure reduction and spiral pump to filter, and degreasing is filtered and adopted filter paper and control middling speed; In whole refrigerating process controls, be designed with intelligent control system, if operator set temperature just can easy manipulation, chilled liquid temperature and built-in temperature all adopt read out instrument, and generation power-off is cut off the water supply phenomenon, and system is with regard to automatic shutdown.

2. a kind of Camellia oil dewaxing technique according to claim 1, its feature: knot, maturator (12), No. two knots, maturator (11), No. three knots, maturator (10), No. four knots, maturator (8), No. five knots, maturator (7) arrange second floors in systems in which, utilize tank body self liquid-level pressure after edible oil crystallization, growing the grain complete, edible oil is transported to a filter (18), No. two filters (17), No. three filters (5), No. four filters (4) are filtered.

3. a kind of Camellia oil dewaxing technique according to claim 1, its feature: when pressure itself is inadequate, is transported to high level tank (9) by a filtration pump (6) by edible oil, then filters; When high level tank (9) pressure is inadequate, the valve transfer be provided with by pipeline, utilizes a filtration pump (6) to carry out delivery of filtered.