CN104336168A - Orange pedicel drop resisting preparation and application method thereof - Google Patents
Orange pedicel drop resisting preparation and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104336168A CN104336168A CN201410541692.0A CN201410541692A CN104336168A CN 104336168 A CN104336168 A CN 104336168A CN 201410541692 A CN201410541692 A CN 201410541692A CN 104336168 A CN104336168 A CN 104336168A
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Abstract
The invention provides an orange pedicel drop resisting preparation which is prepared from the following ingredients in parts by weight: one part of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid or 2-methyl-4-sodium chlorophenoxyacete or 2-methyl-4-amine chlorophenoxyacete, 10-20 parts of glycerinum and 40-50 parts of polyoxyethylene-8-octyl phenyl ether-100 (triton X-100). The orange pedicel drop resisting preparation is used for preventing drop of orange fruits before harvesting, and fruit drop before harvesting can be reduced by 64.1-87.4 percent. The preparation has a good effect of preventing pedicel drop of stored orange fruits and can be used for reducing the pedicel drop of the stored fruits by 94-100 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the anti-base of fruit exfoliant preparation of a kind of oranges and tangerines and using method thereof, can be used for preventing the base of fruit of oranges and tangerines preharvest drop and/or storage fruit from coming off.
Background technology
Oranges and tangerines are one of China's advantageous agricultural products of national planning.2012, China's orange yield the first in the world, reached 3,168 ten thousand tons.Oranges and tangerines have become the Important Economic crop of south China, are the pillar industries shaken off poverty and set out on the road to prosperity in southern Poor Mountainous Area.China's major part citrusfruit is in maturation listing in March in October to next year, and this stage temperature is low, and the maturity period shedding (being called for short " preharvest drop ") because low temperature causes easily appears in fruit.Under field conditions (factors), the preharvest drop of most Citrus Cultivars accounts for the 15%-50% of total amount that this phase tree bears fruit, and Hanas Lake, the honey the kind how preharvest drop such as Xia Cheng is serious accounts for more than 70%, brings heavy losses to production.And in the process of the storage after citrusfruit is gathered, base of fruit easily comes off, germ, from the base of fruit invasion come off, causes the rotting rate preserving citrusfruit to increase considerably, brings heavy losses to industry.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of effective anti-base of fruit exfoliant preparation of oranges and tangerines.
The present invention seeks to be realized by following measures:
The anti-base of fruit exfoliant preparation of a kind of oranges and tangerines, is characterized in that: comprise 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid or 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid sodium salt or 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid amine salt.
In order to the effect that the anti-base of fruit improving preparation further comes off, the anti-base of fruit exfoliant preparation of above-mentioned oranges and tangerines, composed of the following components: 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA,MCP,methoxone) or 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid sodium salt (MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium) or 1 part, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid amine salt (MCPA,MCP,methoxone amine), glycerine 10 ~ 20 parts, polyoxyethylene-8-octyl phenyl ether-10040 ~ 50 parts, with parts by weight.Preferably, the anti-base of fruit exfoliant preparation of above-mentioned oranges and tangerines is by 1 part of MCPA,MCP,methoxone or MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium or MCPA,MCP,methoxone amine, 15 parts of glycerine, 45 parts of triton x-100s compositions, all by weight.
No matter be bearing fruit the phase before plucking, or the storage period after plucking, the present invention prevents coming off of oranges and tangerines base of fruit efficiently, greatly reduces fruit drop rate and rotting rate, and increases storage time.
The preparation method of the anti-base of fruit exfoliant preparation of above-mentioned oranges and tangerines, be made up of following steps: first any one in MCPA,MCP,methoxone or MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium or MCPA,MCP,methoxone amine is joined in glycerine by described proportioning, after fully stirring evenly, add triton x-100 again, fully stir evenly, pack by specification with container.
Above-mentioned preparation is used for the purposes that front anti-shedding plucked by oranges and tangerines.Preferred using method, comprise the following steps: the dilution clean agricultural irrigation water (the above irrigation water quality standard of two classes) of the above-mentioned preparation prepared being mixed with active ingredient (MCPA,MCP,methoxone or MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium or MCPA,MCP,methoxone amine) content 10 ~ 20mg/kg, fully stir evenly, from mid or late October, spraying is carried out to the upper citrusfruit of tree, then every 3-4 week spray once, citrusfruit stops spraying in 10-15 days before gathering.The base of fruit position of citrusfruit must be squirted profit during spraying, other positions of fruit and branches and leaves are as far as possible few to be sprayed or does not spray; If rainfall in 12 hours after spraying, needs to respray once;
Above-mentioned preparation is used for the purposes preventing the base of fruit preserving citrusfruit from coming off when preserving after oranges and tangerines are plucked.Preferred using method, comprise the following steps: the dilution above-mentioned preparation life running water for preparing or clean river, river, lake, storehouse, spring (the above irrigation water quality standard of a class) being mixed with active ingredient (MCPA,MCP,methoxone or MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium or MCPA,MCP,methoxone amine) content 50 ~ 100mg/kg, fully stir evenly, citrusfruit is gathered in latter 24 hours, after being immersed in aforementioned dilution 3-10 second, take out, after being placed on airing fruit face, shady and cool ventilation place moisture, being placed in citrusfruit storage and preserving according to a conventional method.
Above-mentioned 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (being called for short " MCPA,MCP,methoxone "), its molecular formula is: C
9h
9clO
3, structural formula is shown in Fig. 1, for the MCPA,MCP,methoxone of Orange Producing of the present invention, and purity more than 80% (by weight percentage).
Above-mentioned 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid sodium salt (being called for short " MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium "), its molecular formula is: C
9h
8clNaO
3, structural formula is shown in Fig. 2.For the MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium of Orange Producing of the present invention, require purity more than 80% (by weight percentage).
Above-mentioned 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid amine salt (being called for short " MCPA,MCP,methoxone amine "), its molecular formula is: C
11h
16o
3nCI, structural formula is shown in Fig. 3, for the MCPA,MCP,methoxone amine of Orange Producing of the present invention, requires purity more than 80% (by weight percentage).
Above-mentioned glycerinated formal name used at school glycerine, prepare product of the present invention and generally adopt chemical pure, purity is more high better.
Above-mentioned triton x-100, chemical name " polyoxyethylene-8-octyl phenyl ether ", also known as " polyethylene glycol is to isooctyl phenyl ether ", prepare product of the present invention and generally adopt chemical pure, purity is more high better.
Beneficial effect
1, invention formulation can effectively reduce preharvest drop and prevent the base of fruit preserving citrusfruit from coming off, no matter be bearing fruit the phase before plucking, or the storage period after plucking, the present invention prevents coming off of oranges and tangerines base of fruit efficiently, greatly reduce fruit drop rate and rotting rate, and increase storage time, keep original nutritive value and mouthfeel.
2, the present invention is for preventing the preharvest drop of citrusfruit effective, can reduce the preharvest drop of 64.1%-87.4%; The present invention is for preventing the base of fruit falling-off effect preserving citrusfruit good, and the storage base of fruit that can reduce 94%-100% comes off.
3, invention formulation working concentration is low, and just can reach good anti-shedding and Perishing prevention effect at low concentration, security is high, and nutritive value, mouthfeel when oranges and tangerines can be kept long after storage, ensure the quality of citrus products.
4, material toxicity of the present invention is low, higher to the median lethal dose of animal, and easily by environment degradable, the half-life in plantation oranges and tangerines soil is short.And raw material of the present invention easily obtains also, and cost is low.
Detailed description of the invention
Mode below by embodiment further illustrates the present invention, does not therefore limit the present invention among described scope of embodiments.
Embodiment 1-3
The preparation method of the anti-base of fruit exfoliant preparation of a kind of oranges and tangerines, concrete steps for: first any one in MCPA,MCP,methoxone or MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium or MCPA,MCP,methoxone amine is joined in glycerine by proportioning described in table 1, after fully stirring evenly, add triton x-100 again, fully stir evenly, pack by specification with container, design parameter is in table 1.Design parameter (with parts by weight) in table 1 embodiment 1 ~ 3
Embodiment 4 the present invention prevents the test of citrusfruit preharvest drop.
1, materials and methods
Test and carry out in Southwestern University's citrus research year January in October, 2013 ~ 2014, examination Citrus Cultivars is supplied to be emerging Tianjin satsuma orange, Niu Heer navel orange, blood orange, each kind chooses the relatively consistent 45 strain trees of growth result as test tree, every 5 strains are 1 group, be divided into 9 groups, wherein, 6 groups of process, 1 group of blank.Containing the dilution (table 2) of 10mg/kg or 15mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone, MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium or MCPA,MCP,methoxone amine in 6 groups of process difference spraying embodiment 1-3; 1 group of blank (not spraying any medicament).The emphasis of tree crown spraying squirts base of fruit.
Table 2. prevents oranges and tangerines preharvest drop from testing (2013-2014)
After spraying medicament, periodic investigation statistics shedding quantity, adds up the fruit picking number of each test individual plant, then combines the shedding number in early stage, add up the accumulative fruit drop rate of each process and contrast accordingly during fruit harvesting.Because the maturity period of each kind is different, satsuma orange was gathered November 20, and Niu Heer navel orange was gathered December 25, and blood orange is gathered on January in next year 21.
2, result of the test
Result of the test is in table 3, satsuma orange is at 6 kinds of dilutions (6 process) of spraying on October 20th, 2013 embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, and MCPA,MCP,methoxone wherein, MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium or MCPA,MCP,methoxone amine content are respectively 10mg/kg and 15mg/kg; Blank does not process; Fruit was gathered November 10.The accumulative fruit drop rate processed containing 10mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation (MCPA,MCP,methoxone, MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium and MCPA,MCP,methoxone amine, lower same) in 3 dilutions is 1.9%-3.0%; Accumulative fruit drop rate containing the process of 15mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions is 2.0%-2.6%; And blank is 10.2%.Compared with blank, in 3 dilutions, reduce emerging Tianjin satsuma orange preharvest drop 70.6%-81.3% containing the process of 10mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation; Emerging Tianjin satsuma orange preharvest drop 74.5%-80.4% is reduced containing the process of 15mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions.
The maturity period of Niu Heer navel orange is more late, picking time, before this, spraying crossed 2 medicaments (October 20, November 10) December 25, the result display of table 3, the fruit drop rate containing the process of 10mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions is 4.7%-6.0%; Fruit drop rate containing the process of 15mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions is 2.1%-3.8%; And the fruit drop rate of blank is 16.7%.Compared with blank, in 3 dilutions, reduce Niu Heer navel orange preharvest drop 64.1%-71.8% containing the process of 10mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation; Niu Heer navel orange preharvest drop 77.2%-87.4% is reduced containing the process of 15mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions.
The evening in maturity period of blood orange, picking time, before this, spraying crossed 3 medicaments (October 20, November 10, December 16) in January 21 next year, the result display of table 3, the fruit drop rate containing the process of 10mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions is 9.7%-12.0%; Fruit drop rate containing the process of 15mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions is 5.6%-7.1%; And the fruit drop rate of blank is 35.1%.Compared with blank, in 3 dilutions, reduce blood orange preharvest drop 65.8%-72.4% containing the process of 10mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation; Blood orange preharvest drop 79.8%-84.0% is reduced containing the process of 15mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions.
More than test and all find no what ill effect.
As can be seen from the above results, the dilution of spraying embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 preparation prevents the effective of oranges and tangerines preharvest drop; Active ingredient is only 10mg/kg or 15mg/kg in inhibitor dilutions, good anti-preharvest drop effect can be reached.
Table 3. prevents oranges and tangerines preharvest drop result of the test (2013-2014) (day/moon, fruit drop rate %)
3, conclusion
Product of the present invention prevents the preharvest drop of satsuma orange, navel orange and blood orange effective, under working concentration is only 10mg/kg or 15mg/kg situation, prevents the effect of preharvest drop fine.
Embodiment 5 the present invention to come off test for preventing from preserving the base of fruit of citrusfruit.
1, materials and methods
Test and carry out in Southwestern University's citrus research year March in November, 2013 ~ 2014, examination Citrus Cultivars is supplied to be You Like lemon, Niu Heer navel orange, blood orange, each kind chooses the normal fruit 900 just plucked, every 100 is 1 group, be divided into 9 groups, wherein 6 groups of process, 1 group of clear water contrast.6 groups of process are respectively with the dilution of embodiment 1-3 containing 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone, MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium or MCPA,MCP,methoxone amine; 1 group of clear water contrast is running water.Processing method liquid or clear water is soaked really 3-5 take out after second, after being placed in shady and cool ventilation place airing, preserves in room temperature storage storehouse; During fruit storage, every 2-3 weekly check record base of fruit expulsion rate and rotting rate, statistics accumulative base of fruit expulsion rate, rotting rate at the end of storage, and random selecting 10 fruit analyses measure content of fruit soluble solids (TSS) and acid content.Test processes and the results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4. comes off (2013-2014) for preventing the base of fruit preserving citrusfruit
2, result of the test
The result of the test of table 4 shows, the storage time of You Like citron fruit is the longest (nearly 5 months), the accumulative base of fruit expulsion rate processed containing 50mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation (MCPA,MCP,methoxone, MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium and MCPA,MCP,methoxone amine, lower same) in 3 dilutions is 4.0%-6.0%; Accumulative base of fruit expulsion rate containing the process of 100mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions is 2%-4%; And the accumulative base of fruit expulsion rate of clear water contrast is 100%.Compared with blank, reduce Citrus limonBurm storage base of fruit containing the process of 50mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions and to come off 94%-96%; Reduce Citrus limonBurm storage base of fruit containing the process of 100mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions and take off 96%-98%.The rotting rate of 6 process is than the low 51-55 percentage point of contrast, and the important indicator TSS of reflection fruit quality and total acid are without significant difference.
The storage time of Niu Heer Navel Orange Fruits 3 months, the accumulative base of fruit expulsion rate containing the process of 50mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions is 2%-4%; Accumulative base of fruit expulsion rate containing the process of 100mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions is 0-2%; And the accumulative base of fruit expulsion rate of clear water contrast is 100%.Compared with blank, reduce Niu Heer navel orange storage base of fruit containing the process of 50mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions and to come off 96%-98%; Reduce Niu Heer navel orange storage base of fruit containing the process of 100mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions and take off 98%-100%.The rotting rate of 6 process is than the low 48-50 percentage point of contrast, and the important indicator TSS of reflection fruit quality and total acid are without significant difference.
2 months storage time moons of blood orange fruit, the accumulative base of fruit expulsion rate containing the process of 50mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions is 4%-6%; Accumulative base of fruit expulsion rate containing the process of 100mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions is 2%-4%; And the accumulative base of fruit expulsion rate of clear water contrast is 100%.Compared with blank, reduce blood orange storage base of fruit containing the process of 50mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions and to come off 94%-96%; Reduce blood orange storage base of fruit containing the process of 100mg/kg MCPA,MCP,methoxone class preparation in 3 dilutions to come off 96%-98%.The rotting rate of 6 process is than the low 60-63 percentage point of contrast, and the important indicator TSS of reflection fruit quality and total acid are without significant difference.
More than test and all find no what ill effect.
As can be seen from the above results, the dilution of embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 preparation is effective for what prevent storage citrusfruit base of fruit from coming off, when active constituent content is only 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg in the formulation, good anti-base of fruit can be reached and come off and reduce the effect of fruit rot.
3, conclusion
Product of the present invention prevents the base of fruit falling-off effect of lemon, navel orange and blood orange storage fruit good, when active constituent content is only that active constituent content is only 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg in the formulation, prevents from preserving citrusfruit base of fruit and to come off and to reduce the effect of fruit rot fine.
Claims (8)
1. the anti-base of fruit exfoliant preparation of oranges and tangerines, is characterized in that: comprise 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid or 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid sodium salt or 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid amine salt.
2. the anti-base of fruit exfoliant preparation of oranges and tangerines as claimed in claim 1, composed of the following components: 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA,MCP,methoxone) or 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid sodium salt (MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium) or 1 part, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid amine salt (MCPA,MCP,methoxone amine), glycerine 10 ~ 20 parts, polyoxyethylene-8-octyl phenyl ether-100 40 ~ 50 parts, with parts by weight.
3. the anti-base of fruit exfoliant preparation of oranges and tangerines as claimed in claim 1 or 2, by 1 part of MCPA,MCP,methoxone or MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium or MCPA,MCP,methoxone amine, 15 parts of glycerine, 45 parts of triton x-100s compositions, all by weight.
4. the anti-base of fruit exfoliant preparation of oranges and tangerines as described in as arbitrary in claim 1-3, preparation method is made up of following steps: first join in glycerine by any one in MCPA,MCP,methoxone or MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium or MCPA,MCP,methoxone amine by described proportioning, after fully stirring evenly, add triton x-100 again, fully stir evenly, pack by specification with container.
5. the oranges and tangerines anti-base of fruit exfoliant preparation as described in as arbitrary in claim 1-4 be used for oranges and tangerines pluck before the purposes of anti-shedding.
6. oranges and tangerines anti-base of fruit exfoliant preparation as claimed in claim 5 is used for the purposes that front anti-shedding plucked by oranges and tangerines, using method comprises the following steps: the dilution described preparation prepared being mixed with active ingredient (MCPA,MCP,methoxone or MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium or MCPA,MCP,methoxone amine) content 10 ~ 20mg/kg with clean agricultural irrigation water (the above irrigation water quality standard of two classes), fully stir evenly, from mid or late October, spraying is carried out to the upper citrusfruit of tree, then every 3-4 week spray once, citrusfruit stops spraying in 10-15 days before gathering.
7. the anti-base of fruit exfoliant preparation of oranges and tangerines as described in as arbitrary in claim 1-4 be used for oranges and tangerines pluck after storage time prevent the base of fruit preserving citrusfruit from coming off purposes.
8. the purposes preventing the base of fruit preserving citrusfruit from coming off during storage after the anti-base of fruit exfoliant preparation of oranges and tangerines as claimed in claim 7 is used for oranges and tangerines harvesting, using method comprises the following steps: by the described preparation life running water for preparing or clean river, river, lake, storehouse, spring (the above irrigation water quality standard of a class) is mixed with the dilution of active ingredient (MCPA,MCP,methoxone or MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium or MCPA,MCP,methoxone amine) content 50 ~ 100mg/kg, fully stir evenly, citrusfruit is gathered in latter 24 hours, after being immersed in aforementioned dilution 3-10 second, take out, be placed on after shady and cool ventilation place dries fruit face moisture, be placed in citrusfruit storage to preserve according to a conventional method.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN107173122A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-19 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of anti-shedding medicament of red bayberry and its method for preventing red bayberry shedding |
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