CN1043356A - Apparatus for constructing articulated pavement system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of apparatus for constructing articulated pavement system, it can be used to build sub-surface, and the road surface is domatic, channel, body of wall, arch and bridge etc.Importantly, by a plurality of module blocks that are equal to hinged and inseparably binding energy constitute flexible structure, though it has hinged inseparable seam-have free space between seam, when any part effect on the flexible structure has load, the part of load will be assigned to adjacent areas immediately, this structure is a stress distribution system and is flexible as a result, and is hinged with inseparable.

Description

Apparatus for constructing articulated pavement system

For feature of the present invention clearly is described, we will be particularly related to the pavement engineering field.Though will see afterwards, it can be used in other many engineerings field.The well-known piece material that separates can be used for the surface layer on the irregular road surface of making, and they just are being used a long time ago, although this piece material is an interlocking mutually independently and not.

Afterwards, step below road surface and basic unit thereof have adopted in build on irregular road surface: at first, generally be that the place is flattened, after this on the described place-i.e. common spreading multilayer materials on the smooth good place at that time, common then way is to spread one deck aggregate chips earlier, and repave one deck rubble thereon, it is flattened on the aggregate chips layer and compacting, spreading second layer aggregate chips thereon again, this aggregate chips layer is flattened and compacting once more, so that constitute the basic unit of the firm road of road surface or rigidity.

One of major defect of the prior art of the structure of general road basis, surface layer and highway construction is that the load that acts on a specific region or the several specific region is not to be shared by the remainder of supporting construction.So, when on a king-sized load action specific or on the specific region, between different pieces or zone, do not have effective mutual interlocking, so that described load is shared by adjacent piece or zone on whole road surface.In addition, frequent washing away and variations in temperature and be formed on humidity between different masses or the zone makes them loosening.When this weakened whole road surface when specific or specific region suffer excessive load, finally they are destroyed, after this all aggregates generally must be rebuild.Therefore in most cases need expensive cost and maintenance cost at road and pavement engineering.

The new structural system of the present invention is exactly to avoid the major defect of prior art, because it can build a kind of fabricated, hinged, adaptable structure, this structure is made of many module blocks that are equal to, every of these block all have enough intensity, and have enough move places simultaneously, because when between block, having an effect, adjacent block can form hinged flexibility combination, and the fractional load of bearing on described each block is delivered on the adjacent block immediately.Because the assembly method of module block is suitable for this structural system, these blocks are often secured together in the horizontal direction.But they also can adopt and keep the latch of structural flexibility to tighten together in vertical direction.

On the vertical direction of described module block and horizontal direction, carry out the transmission of load by the seam of hinged flexibility.The seam in this band space is that the present invention is exclusive.If want the structure of two or more described flexibility mutually hinged in vertical direction, promptly on the top that is placed on another, between structure, adopt the latch that has flexibility simultaneously to come combination, between every layer of structure, place separate layer (as spraying clay for concret block, separation layers etc.), the complex that is made of this structure also can be realized above-mentioned Load Transfer in the horizontal and vertical directions.

The structure of simple composite like this, owing to above-mentioned reason becomes flexible, hinged and system that have inseparable stress distribution, inseparable owing to distinctive combination between the module block in addition, although between block, leave space freely, in case but they are hinged, just simultaneously can stop their separation.

Just demonstrate up to now about the present invention, specially refer to road surface and relevant structure thereof, but also can expand to basic fields such as ground, domatic, channel, body of wall, arch and bridge.

In road surface and relevant structure thereof, this new system has the utmost point use possibility is widely arranged, the sidewalk and the ground that comprise various uses, the runway of different flow, load-carrying and speed is used for the amphibious road of shipping row and so on and the city road bed of track and speedway and so on etc. that passes by at a high speed.

Can reason out from a large amount of possible purposes for this new architecture, making this module block also has the whole bag of tricks and material, comprises cement, ceramic materials, timber, plastics and metal etc.Under specific situation, the use of additive and fiber also is fit to.For example, aspect the road surface, determine to use by the material of making the module block and both needed characteristics of method itself.In addition, the module block can be made or synthetic by two or more different materials with a kind of material.

According to foregoing as can be seen, present patent application wants to comprise whole purposes of facilitating according to the unique property of this new architecture, the flexibility combination that they are hinged, and on level and vertical both direction, distribute load, final structure has the function of the stress distribution of inseparable system, because unique hinged combination makes aforesaid function become possibility, this be combined in have the space between the module block with sufficient intensity in case make they move slightly and the part Stress Transfer of bearing to adjacent block.Yet, this small mobile intrinsic horizontal interlocking that is not sufficient to influence between the adjacent block.

In addition, this structure can constitute simply with one deck, or become with two layers and two-layer above multiple layer combination, under two layer case, they can be fastening with latch in vertical direction, between the block that connects they and they separate layer is arranged, separate layer is arranged between each layer under the situation of two-layer or multilayer.The structure that this latch can make them connect keeps flexible.Module block in individual course is equal to often.The block that is used to constitute the simplest structure of individual layer will make their periphery and their upper and lower smooth surface.In order to form single layer structure, in this new structure that constitutes by the assembling of module block, often be not only to tighten in the horizontal direction, and also fastening in vertical direction.This block is formed in the form that has notch and groove surface on the periphery, when described block in conjunction with the time common hole or the formwork that constitutes fill orifice and form latch.In order to form latch described in the double-layer structure, described block is provided with groove surface, but in this case, and groove surface is at upper surface, identical adjacent block and two-layer between constitute the hole jointly.

In order to constitute three layers or more multi-layered structure, its facing layer (initial layers of sandwich construction or basic unit and final layer or upper strata) uses the required block of double-decker to assemble, and the used module block in intermediate layer is also fluted of its soffit, same also fluted of its upper surface, so just can between connecing, the adjacent block on the adjoining course form the hole again jointly with one deck.

The assembling of structure for convenience of explanation, we will suppose that the module block that adopts concrete to make is used as example.

Every kind of module block of the present invention has protruding lobe in two ends and a pair of protruding lobe (see figure 1)s that form the groove of two protruding lobes of admittance on dual-side.The protruding lobe in two ends is identical from one another.Not only the protruding lobe of side is identical, and holds protruding lobe to admit groove also identical.Between the gap between the interchangeable standard block or free space are each several part owing to the module block, vary in size and produce, interlocking is just directly had an effect thus, and the above-mentioned part that varies in size just is meant protruding lobe in end and the protruding lobe admittance groove on the block.The protruding lobe in end is enough littler than the groove of admitting them in other words, though thereby block can movablely be given adjacent block Stress Transfer like this, and they still keep interlocking in the horizontal direction.

In order to constitute the simple structure of individual layer, but each module block horizontal positioned and with adjacent block interlocking mutually, its interlocking forms in the admittance groove in another block by the protruding lobe on the block is embedded, two blocks are interlocking in the horizontal direction.Yet the interlocking place between block is formed with the free space, so its combination is flexible.Paving of block is continuous, and each block keeps interlocking with mounted block, so just obtain a kind of flexible, hinged structure, it is inseparable in the horizontal direction.

If also wish this single layer structure is carried out interlocking in vertical direction, its module block can be made complementary notch and the soffit of protruding lobe and protruding lobe receiving portion is arranged.In these notches and groove surface, before the block interlocking, can put into suitable separate layer, it will be had an effect between the block of latch and institute's combination.

In case structure assembling finishes, the hole that notch and groove surface form fill orifice respectively and be made of adjacent block is injected cement paste wherein, treat its sclerosis after, just become effect latch in vertical direction.Because this latch has different firm times also owing to aforesaid separate layer with respect to the block of its interlocking, this latch does not belong to the part of block, but independently, so the flexibility of structure still keeps.In addition, at seam crossing continuous free space is arranged.Because fill orifice is tiny, so they can allow cement paste inject wherein, in case fracture is convenient in its sclerosis.On the other hand, the public hole that forms latch at seam crossing is enough big, thereby can not ftracture under the load of known structure expection.So far we have illustrated the construction of the simple structure of individual layer, at first be structure in the horizontal direction by interlocking, secondly be since the latch of individual layer in vertical direction also by interlocking.

If we want to build double-layer structure, its module block is different from the block that is used to constitute single layer structure, because described block has groove surface on their one of horizontal surface, and another surface is straight.This periphery that is used for the block of double-layer structure is provided with notch, each block in the first floor and the adjacent block of this layer are hinged, and be positioned at below the similar block of the second layer, but second layer block has towards the groove surface of first floor block and notch, the block of the second layer also with this layer in adjacent block hinged, each block wherein also has the hole, this hole is towards the hole of first floor block, the second layer is placed on the first floor, in the first floor and the second layer, just formed single public hole between the adjacent block, in this hole, will constitute the latch between two-layer, in notch and groove surface, in advance separate layer will be set.

In case the first floor assembling finishes, cast in place concrete separate layer before the assembling and the placement second layer.With the hinge seam crossing between one deck adjacent block the continuous free space of nature is being arranged, this is identical with single layer structure, in case two layers assembled, with cement paste by in the fill orifice injected hole, fill orifice is formed by the combination of the notch in the upper strata, fills fully up to all holes.

Filling the hole, and after the cement paste sclerosis, it just becomes latch, it is fixed up each block and adjacent block, each block in the first floor and the second layer combines with adjacent block, in the horizontal direction or have flexiblely and hinged on the vertical direction, because separate layer and latch have the after-hardening time corresponding to the block that constitutes the hole, thereby prevent that they and block from boning.In addition in the case, similar with the individual layer situation, key is easy to fracture and latch needs can to keep not ftractureing according to purposes.

If we will build the sandwich construction that is made of three layers or more multi-layered simple structure of the present invention, can adopt module block fluted of two horizontal surfaces, face is provided with groove surface and only do not resemble the double-decker at one end.Two facing layer of sandwich construction are formed by being used for double-deck block, and the intermediate layer is to be made of the block that is equipped with groove surface on two end surfaces.

Between every layer, before making, the concrete separating layer to be set, and before injecting cement paste, also separate layer will be set.In case after in fill orifice and hole, injecting cement paste and cement paste sclerosis, just formed latch.For three layers or more multi-layered, the fill orifice aperture is enough little in addition, and the key that the back is formed is easy to fracture, and the latch size that forms in the hole is enough big, so that do not rupture when using by the structure design purposes.

For with the hinged combination between the adjacent block in one deck, three layers or more multi-layered structure situation be the same with single layer structure also to have the free space.

As follows to description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the phantom drawing of module block of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the phantom drawing of the module block of two interlockings, first embodiment that it proposes corresponding to the requirement system, and the module block of this form is to be used for single layer structure, and does not establish latch;

Fig. 3 is the top view of four interlockings block together of described first embodiment;

Fig. 4 is the phantom drawing of the module block in the second embodiment of the present invention, this block and another block interlocking, and this embodiment is used for single layer structure, but is provided with latch, produces vertical displacement between its restriction block;

Fig. 5 is the top view of four interlockings module block together among second embodiment;

Fig. 6 is the phantom drawing of module block among peculiar the 3rd embodiment of the present invention, and it can be placed on another kind of like above the block, but its horizontal surface is opposite with the horizontal surface of corresponding lower floor block, and the embodiment of this module block is used to constitute double-decker;

Fig. 7 is the phantom drawing of three interlockings block together of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention, core with dashed lines and the form of separating are represented, if other three blocks are placed on above-mentioned three blocks, can form key and latch, but their hole is down;

Fig. 8 is the phantom drawing of six blocks of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention, and it is double-deck that interlocking becomes, and is formed with key and latch between adjacent block;

Fig. 9 is the cross-sectional view along A-A ' line intercepting among Fig. 8;

Figure 10 is the phantom drawing of six blocks of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention, and it is double-deck that their interlockings become;

Figure 11 is the phantom drawing of the module block of fourth embodiment of the invention, and it is to be placed on the typical block of above-mentioned the 3rd embodiment, and the 4th embodiment of module block is used for the intermediate layer of three layers or more multi-layered structure;

Figure 12 represents if other six adjacent blocks are placed on the spot, shown in the latch and the key that form between the block;

Figure 13 represents if other six adjacent blocks are placed on the spot, the double bolt and the key that form between three shown blocks;

Figure 14 becomes three layers phantom drawing for nine block interlockings of the present invention, and its facing layer is the typical block among the 3rd embodiment, and the intermediate layer is the block among the 4th embodiment;

Figure 15 is the cross-sectional view that intercepts along X-X ' line among Figure 14;

Figure 16 becomes the cross-sectional view of 12 blocks of four layers for interlocking of the present invention, between adjacent block, be formed with key and three latches, lower end surface layer on it and upper end surface layer are to be made of the block among the 3rd embodiment, and the intermediate layer is to be made of the block among the 4th embodiment.

Fig. 2 represents to want in the first embodiment of the invention interlocking two blocks 12 together and 14 state, and they are used to constitute single layer structure, are combined in interlocking on the horizontal direction by hinged, but do not have vertical interlocking.Can be as seen from the figure, block 12 and 14 every all comprise "T"-shaped first end 16 and the second end 18, the latter also is " T " and couples together with interlude 20, be "T"-shaped end and comprise the protruding lobe A of an end and protruding lobe B of side and F successively, and end 18 comprises the protruding lobe D of end and protruding lobe C of side and E.

Can observe from block 12, the protruding lobe of the end that forms between protruding lobe B of side and C is admitted groove 32, also forms the protruding lobe of end equally and admit groove 30 between protruding lobe F of side and E.

Admit groove 30 to have narrow admittance neck shape portion 31, its position is at the position away from interlude 20, admit the broad end 33 of groove in addition, it and interlude 20 are integral, admitting groove 30 is examples of all admittance grooves of the various module blocks of the present invention, in addition additional notch is arranged in other embodiments forming fill orifice, and to also having groove surface under the stable condition.

The protruding lobe A of end shown in Fig. 2 is the example of the protruding lobe of all ends of every kind of module block among the present invention, and its exception is identical with the admittance groove situation of mentioning just now, holds protruding lobe A to have termination portion 19 and neck shape portion 21.

Termination portion 19 with neck shape portion 21 intersections after just narrow down to small gradually from broad, shoulder divides 17 and 23 vertically to stretch out to both sides with neck shape portion 21 substantially.Here also will further specify, the termination interlocking of the protruding lobe of end of each block is admitted in the groove at the protruding lobe of adjacent block, to constitute hinged combination flexible and that have the free space.Because the termination portion of the protruding lobe of end is greater than neck shape portion, and admit groove narrower than the end of its receiving portion at the neck shape section place of its receiving portion, in case termination portion and neck shape portion from top or below embedding admit in the groove and, hold protruding lobe can in adjacent block, not draw back after their engagements.Yet, between adjacent hinged block, the free space is arranged, because above-mentioned situation, it is more much smaller than admitting groove to hold protruding lobe, so block can be movable slightly, and partly pass to adjacent block to the load that it bears so long.Thus, each module block also needs enough intensity certainly, so that it can not ruptured in the structure that assembles by designed use.Yet this activity is not sufficient to influence the peculiar interlocking between adjacent block.

For the ease of the present invention is discussed, each road surface block has first plane and second plane that is equal to, and first plane on the block 12 represents that for its upper surface and with numeral 40 second plane of block 12 is its soffit, but cannot see in Fig. 2.

Because the module block is actually and is equal to, when they as shown in Figure 3 during the mode interlocking, block 11,12,13 meshes into special positioning relation with 14 separately, and in Fig. 3, the protruding lobe of the end that forms between the protruding lobe B ' of protruding lobe D of the end of block 12 and block 14 and the C ' admits groove 14 to be hinged.

So after many blocks were hinged, the sidewall of each block mutually combined, and in fact left the free space between the sidewall of adjacent block, it constitutes load and distributes seam.

The protruding lobe E of the side of representing in Fig. 3 along block 12 is exactly one of this seam with combining of the protruding lobe B ' of the side of block 14, has represented another kind of seam along the protruding lobe D of the end of block 12 with the combining of interlude 26 of block 14.Represented another seam along the protruding lobe C of the side of block 12 with combining of the protruding lobe C ' of the side of block 14 in addition.It is flexible that this load distributes seam, and all hinged in the horizontal and vertical directions.

Be approximately 3mm hinged in conjunction with the free space between seam, in this seam, bending to a certain degree and slewing area can remedy lip-deep some out-of-flatness of laying the module block.Equally, when load action was on independent block, this load can distribute seam to be assigned to adjacent block by load to get on.

No matter be from this first embodiment or among the later embodiment, can also know, can design various forms of module blocks and protruding lobe thereof, so thereby they have the hinged of suitable space and constitute one or more layers between block known structure can be used for road bed, the road surface, domatic, channel, body of wall is in the fields such as arch and bridge.

The block 8 of second embodiment of the invention characteristic and 10 be connected have been described in Fig. 4, are to be used for constituting single layer structure for this part, and it has latch in vertical direction.Difference between these blocks and the block 12 and 14 just mentioned is that block 8 and 10 has additional notch and hole on the end face of termination and receiving portion.In these notches and hole, before the block assembling, common separate layer is set.

In case the structure assembling finishes, cement paste is annotated in the described hole by fill orifice, after the cement paste sclerosis, just constitutes latch, and it limits the vertical displacement of hinged junction.Described latch does not influence the intrinsic flexibility of structure, because except separate layer, it is sclerosis after the block of its interlocking, so it does not bond with them.Its notch is done to such an extent that bore is very little in addition, and key is easy to disconnect like this.But the latch that forms in hole place cast in contrast, because this hole size is enough big, in a single day the latch of formation is made just can not ruptured.Those skilled in the art will agree that there are many different forms in the hole that constitutes latch, as long as they are suitable for carrying out interlocking with adjacent block.As for others, about the description of block 12 and 14 also is fit to block 8 and 10.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 3 are similar, except block 7,8, and 9 and 10 hole and notch.

Fig. 6 is the phantom drawing of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention, and wherein block 50 is equal to block 60, and just block 60 has turned over individual.This embodiment is used for double-decker, and has the shape of two facing layer of three layers or sandwich construction, and this will see afterwards.

For the purpose of illustrating, each block can think to have flat substantially upper surface and soffit, and the block 50 in Fig. 6 has flat upper surface 51 and soffit 52.Block 60 has overturn, and its upper surface 61 is down, and its soffit 62 is up, as can be seen, title " on " and D score just in order to discern, needn't any known block " on " surface is interpreted as up, and D score is interpreted as down.

In Fig. 6, also illustrate, block 60 has a "T"-shaped end 150 and an interlude 154, and the upper surface 61 of block 60 is level and smooth substantially, and soffit 62 has uneven profile, and its uneven profile is to cause when the mutual height of making for the formation hole when stacked of block rises with sunk part.On block 60, shoulder divide 156 and 158 and shoulder divide soffit 174 that 157 and 159 surface 170 and 172 exceeds the protruding lobe 160 of end and 162 and 178 and the soffit 176 of interlude.Fig. 6 has represented that step 180 and 182 is inclined inwardly to surface 174 and is inclined inwardly to surface 178 from surface 172 from surface 170 in addition.In an identical manner, step 184 and 186 is inclined inwardly to surface 176 from surface 170 and 172 respectively, intilted step 180,182,184 and 186 constitute public hole between the module block, at this moment these blocks are that hinged reaching in the combination of bilayer is placed on their one deck on another layer in single layer structure.

When the soffit 52 of block 50 is positioned on the soffit 62 of block 60, just form the hole (see figure 9) of interlayer, this will further describe in the back.As can be seen from Figure 6, block 50 has notch 57, it is on the interlude that connects protruding lobe 54 and 56, when being placed on block 50 on the block 60, surface 52 and 62 is in contact with one another, and cement paste just can inject by notch 57, be actually the hole between block 50,60 and the block adjacent with them is filled up, it enters their corresponding protruding lobes and admits groove, and they are two additional blocks in each layer, will set in advance separate layer certainly between every layer.

After the cement paste sclerosis, just form latch, this makes adjacent block fastening, make their interlockings simultaneously, though their combination is flexible, and be hinged in the horizontal and vertical directions, this be since latch combine and has mentioned with block about the latch on the individual layer, also be effect owing to the separating layer of interlayer.The same in the size that forms the fill orifice of latch and hole and the single layer structure will make the latch of formation not rupture, and the key easy fracture that in fill orifice, forms.In double-deck situation, for the situation of three layers or sandwich construction too, this will be explained below, and those skilled in the art can draw the hole that constitutes latch can many different forms, if they can the module block easily interlocking get up.

As for other form and size, the block that is used for bilayer shown in Figure 6 is similar to the block that is used for individual layer shown in Figure 2, though if having when requiring like this, they can be slightly thicker.

In the structure of the flexible, hinged structure of another embodiment of the present invention, the block and the block among Fig. 6 60 of first floor are equal to, and it is placed on the spot, and these blocks are placed separately and be hinged.In Fig. 7, after block 80 is put well, be hinged with block 82, it is towards transferring, and is hinged block 84 and block 82 then, is towards transferring equally.So, each block in the first floor all with described layer in adjacent block be hinged.As shown in Figure 7, each protruding lobe all embeds in the corresponding protruding lobe admittance groove.

Admit in the groove 81 at the protruding lobe of block 82 at protruding lobe 83 interlockings of the end of the block shown in Fig. 7 80, this process is to finish by the termination of protruding lobe 83 and neck shape portion are put into protruding lobe admittance groove 81 from top to bottom.When obviously in case block 80 is placed on the appointed positions, hold protruding lobe 83 can not be more otherwise interlocking in groove 81.

Can find out also that in Fig. 7 protruding lobe 83 interlockings are admitted in the groove 81 at protruding lobe, the result forms between block 80 and 82 and sees as Fig. 9 in abutting connection with hole 75().Described hole 75 the shoulder of block 82 divide 190 and 192 and the intilted step 194 of block 80 between.If the present invention has the specific use needs, on the first floor block, after the concrete separating layer is set, can place identical second layer block, adjacent block interlocking mutually in each block in this second layer and the second layer, this can observe from Fig. 8. Block 86,88 and 90 interlocking wherein, and placed top block 80,82 and 84.

On first floor, place after the second layer, because the profile and the shape of module block just form public hole between the first floor and the second layer.

In case when two interlocking layers are stacked together up and down, certainly between them, to lay the concrete separate layer before this, enough rare cement paste will inject by the notch that is engraved in fine on the block, and the hole that is present in like this between the block just will be filled up substantially.Harden to when being enough to constitute the degree of latch 70 at cement paste, each layer inside and layer just tighten together with adjacent block between the layer, although no matter their combination is flexible, hinged in level or vertical direction, but still the maintenance interlocking.Like this hinged is possible, because between adjacent block, have enough free spaces with the hinged seam 200 in one deck and 202, as shown in Figure 8, also because the cause of the concrete separating layer of interlayer.Block 88 is placed on the block 82, though they tighten together with latch 70 because separate layer, and since the sclerosis of latch be with its fastening block after, it is not bonding with block, and it is hinged and flexible that the result becomes in this multilayer block (88,82 and 70).So,, also have necessarily and remedy for the irregular ground surface of placement of multiple layers structure.

Fig. 9 represents that block 80,82 and 84 is hinged to first floor 94, and block 86,88 and 90 is hinged to the second layer 96, and whole holes 79 of interlayer form between the first floor 94 and the second layer 96.

Fig. 9 has also represented latch 70, it is cement paste to be injected in the blocks 88 by notch 57 so that enter the hole 79 between the layer 94 and 96 and the notch 87 of block 82, waits to harden the back and obtains, and this carries out after two-layer 94 and 96 are shaped.

If we need three layers or more multi-layered structure, for facing layer, being equal to shown in the block that is adopted and Fig. 6, for the intermediate layer, used block as shown in Figure 11 middle and upper part like that, it is in fact the same with block among Fig. 6, just it does not have uneven profile on a face, but on two faces, has uneven profile, so it can be simultaneously forms the hole with the upper and lower block of its adjacency, the structure of representing in Figure 14 comprises the 3rd layer 98 that is formed by block 102,104 and 106 interlockings, and they are placed on the layer 46.Double bolt 105(sees Figure 15) be to form in notch 107 injections and the sclerosis back of cement paste by block 104, and cement paste can flow between hinged block, this is the block that connects corresponding to them, is carrying out between every layer and before placing the concrete separating layer between fill orifice and the groove surface.

Because in the hinged seam 204 and 206 in Figure 14, also have the free space between the adjacent block in same one deck of present embodiment, also because the edge of the effect of the concrete separating layer of interlayer and the after-hardening of double bolt 105 and the separate layer that every layer has is solid, by block 82,38,104 and the multilayer block that constituted of double bolt 105 hinged and flexible be possible.The block of the 4th embodiment when needed can be thicker.Naturally the bore that constitutes the fill orifice of key in this case is very little, is easy to fracture so constitute after the cement paste of key hardens.Equally the hole size of the latch that is made of cement paste is very big, does not rupture when final structure is born design load.

So in three independent stratums that block constituted, every layer can crookedly also be hinged in the horizontal and vertical directions, shown in Figure 15 be the cross section of 9 blocks, they are blocks 80,82,84,36,38,40,102,104 and 106, they constitute three layers, promptly 94,46 and 98, couple together by double bolt 105.

If necessary, the present invention can build four-layer structure, as shown in figure 16.Represented an additional interchangeable standard block 108 among the figure, 110 and 112 are linked to be layer 100, and three latches 115 are by the cement paste process is made of in conjunction with fill orifice 118 injections that form the module block in the layer 100, cement paste injects fill orifice and at the layer 100 of structure, 48, formed hole between 46 and 94 so just tightens up above-mentioned each layer mutually.

In three layers or more multi-layered situation, in hinged seam, also leave the free space with the adjacent block in one deck, before injecting cement paste, the concrete separating layer is set between the latch of each layer and after-hardening, and in fill orifice and hole, separate layer is set, so just can form the flexible, hinged combination between each parts of described sandwich construction.

In addition in the present embodiment, the hole that constitutes latch has the characteristic identical with aforesaid structure with fill orifice, and the plug hole bore that promptly constitutes the cement key is very little, thereby is easy to fracture, and the hole size of formation latch is very big, to prevent their fractures.

System of the present invention provides wide purposes for the realization of following array structure, as road bed, the road surface, domatic, channel, body of wall, arch and bridge etc., and constitute the single or multiple lift structure, as adopt for this purpose and in the above the embodiment of the various module blocks of description build individual layer, bilayer, three layers or more multi-layered structure.As pointing out already, the structure of being built up in their each embodiment, all can make vertical and the horizontal force edge block adjacent with them distributes, and this load can be acted on the block by vehicle and produces.

In order better, intactly to understand the advantage of the structural system that the application asks for protection, we will adopt the module block that is suitable for each situation that the method for implementing individual layer and sandwich construction is described below:

I. the single layer structure of no latch

Can adopt as shown in Figure 2 module block for building such structure, and following step has following feature:

A). lay a plurality of module blocks that are equal to, each block comprises the protruding lobe and the protruding lobe of interlocking and admits groove, carry out interlocking by this way, promptly admit in the groove, till the single layer structure that will build is finished by the protruding lobe that the protruding lobe on each block is embedded adjacent block;

B). along with the interlocking of block, between each adjacent block, just can form free space or gap, this admits the size relationship of groove defined to cause by protruding lobe and protruding lobe, described space can make the block of interlocking have certain movable leeway, but it does not influence the interlocking between block, thereby a kind of flexible hinged load distribution seam that has in the horizontal and vertical directions is provided.

II. the single layer structure of band latch

Build such structure and be similar to the structure of building in the above-mentioned trifle I, just in this structure interchangeable standard block to adopt as shown in Figure 4 have the sort of of notch and groove surface, but, its periphery still with above-mentioned trifle I in the block that structure adopted be equal to.About the interlocking of these blocks, owing on each block periphery, be provided with above-mentioned notch and groove surface, between adjacent block, just formed cavity or hole, so that inject cement paste, and after the cement paste sclerosis of injecting wherein, form latch.Before injecting cement paste, in notch and groove surface, suitable separate layer to be set, the cement paste after the sclerosis has just formed the very little concrete key of diameter in notch, and they are easy to fracture.As for formed latch, its intensity is enough big so that can not rupture, and can guarantee inseparable rod member in vertical direction as this single layer structure.

Owing to used separate layer, also because latch and the after-hardening of key and the easily broken fragility of key, also since between the block of interlocking formed free space or gap, can cause a kind of structure of flexibility, it can distribute load and not produce at vertical and horizontal Fang Shangjun and separate.

III. sandwich construction

This type comprise by double-deck or more multi-layered block lock and connect the multiple structure that forms, and every kind of possible scheme of body series for convenience of explanation can reasonably be divided into following several sandwich construction:

A). double-decker;

B). three layers or more multi-layered structure.

For the construction three layer construction as shown in Figure 8, the substantially peripheral and used module block in above-mentioned trifle I and the structure described in the II of the module block of employing is peripheral identical.Yet, be used for implementing double-deck block a kind of feature that is different from the block that adopts at single layer structure is arranged, promptly on their horizontal surface, have some groove surfaces, as on the block of first floor, being to be provided with up, and opposite in the groove surface of second layer block and the first floor, be down, these groove surfaces constitute the hole with enough volumes, with formwork as the formation latch, separate layer is set earlier, again the notch that forms between the block of cement paste by interlocking is injected wherein.

As can be seen, the double-deck upper flat surface that builds up has free space and gap in the junction of block in Fig. 8, thereby has formed the structure with flexible hinged combination.

The latch that is contained in the situation of single layer structure, the latch in the double-decker also is independently with block on every side, and this is owing to the after-hardening of having used separate layer and these latches causes.Equally, the key that forms by injecting described material has such size, and it can make and be easy to fracture itself, and makes structure can not become rigidity.

For building three layer construction, block in the upper end of this kinds of structures surface layer and lower end surface layer can adopt builds double-deck block, promptly adopt the block that on one of horizontal surface, has the groove surface (see figure 7), and the block in the intermediate layer is equipped with groove surface on two horizontal surface, and this groove surface is with to be used for the module block that double-decker uses identical.

The particular design of the horizontal surface of intermediate layer block might make to form cavity or hole between first floor and intermediate layer, makes the latch of formation be adjacent to two-layer up and down.Equally, between upper end surface layer and intermediate layer, their contact surface provides identical hole for forming latch, and this latch can avoid producing excessive vertical position between these layers of structure.

No matter should be pointed out that for building sandwich construction, be double-deck or three layers and more multi-layered, will separate layer be set at interlayer in advance, also will all in notch and the groove surface separate layer be set.In such a way, promptly with the free space or the gap of separate layer and formation in every layer of formation sandwich construction, make structure have the flexible, hinged seam, it can partly transmit load in the horizontal and vertical directions.

Although the present invention is illustrated by some most preferred embodiments of module block, but it does not want to limit the present invention with the specific forms of having described, just the opposite, it be to summarize interchangeable, modifiable and be equal to form, these are included in by among determined design of the appended claim of the present invention and the scope.

Claims (33)

1, a kind of structural system, it is got up to form to have the individual layer simple structure of the peculiar seam in space by the module block interlocking that is equal to sufficient intensity, thereby can not only partly be delivered on the adjacent block acting on a load on the block from horizontal direction but also from vertical direction, described system comprises the module block with flat horizontal surface and smooth peripheral that is equal to, which is provided with protruding lobe of interlocking and protruding lobe and admit groove, described block is to admit in the groove and interlocking becomes by the protruding lobe that the protruding lobe of a specific block is embedded another adjacent block, the structure that interlocking is good is adjacent the seam that also is provided with the band space between the block at the block of each interlocking, thereby when load action is above them, block can be movable, though this activity needs, and only be enough to make the stress between the block partly to transmit, do not constitute the interlocking between block in the structure and do not influence.

2, structural system according to claim 1, the space seam that wherein forms between the interlocking block is that the different size by protruding lobe causes, be that protruding lobe size admits the size of groove enough little compared with the protruding lobe that is constituted, thereby block can have suitable activity when load action is on it, so that described load partly is delivered on the adjacent block, and described activity does not influence the interlocking between block.

3, a kind of structural system, it is got up to form to have the single layer structure or the simple structure of the seam in latch and band space by the module block interlocking that is equal to sufficient intensity, described seam can partly be delivered to the load that acts on the block on the adjacent block, described system comprises the module block with the protruding lobe of interlocking and protruding lobe admittance groove that is equal to, described block is to admit in the groove and interlocking becomes by the protruding lobe that the protruding lobe of a block is embedded adjacent block, the good structure of interlocking also is provided with the seam in band space between the block of each interlocking and the block that is adjacent, thereby load action is above them the time, block can be movable, though this activity needs, and only be enough to make the stress between the block partly to transmit, do not constitute the interlocking between block in the structure and do not influence, each module block has flat horizontal surface and notch and groove on its some peripheries, the latter constitutes public fill orifice and hole respectively between adjacent block, just form key and latch by cement paste being injected described public hole, thus the vertical interlocking between the block in the implementation structure.

4, structural system according to claim 3, the space seam that wherein forms between the interlocking block is that the different size by protruding lobe causes, the size that is protruding lobe admits the size of groove enough little compared with the protruding lobe that is constituted, block can have suitable activity when load action is above them like this, so that described load partly is delivered on the adjacent block, and this activity does not influence the interlocking between block.

5, structural system according to claim 3 wherein was provided with suitable separate layer before injecting cement paste in notch and groove surface.

6, structural system according to claim 3, wherein each latch of structure has the object that a sufficient intensity is difficult to rupture, and it can adopt suitable shape, and the rod member of the vertical displacement that can produce as restriction module block.

7, structural system according to claim 3, wherein each key is enough thin, thereby easily fracture, can make the block of interlocking have flexibility like this, thereby can the load on each block partly transmits in the structure to acting on.

8, structural system according to claim 3, wherein said key and latch are and module block rod member independently mutually, this is owing to be arranged on the effect of the separate layer in notch and the groove surface, the property easy to crack of key and because described key and latch are wanted the cause of after-hardening than module block.

9, build double-deck structural system, it comprises the following steps: that the module block of laying by interlocking constitutes first floor, the upper horizontal surface of each block has groove surface, and has notch in its some position of periphery, on first floor, re-lay the module block of second layer interlocking, it is identical with first floor, the groove surface of each block in the second layer is down, be placed on exactly in the first floor on the corresponding block, common fill orifice and the hole that constitutes in the structure of two-layer like this groove surface and notch alignment back, and enough cement paste injection fill orifices, public fill orifice and hole are filled up fully, after the cement paste sclerosis of injecting, between the first floor and the second layer, just form key and latch, the vertical displacement in this latch energy limiting structure between the module block.

10, structural system according to claim 9, wherein in fill orifice, inject before the cement paste, the horizontal surface that adjoins each other between the module block of the first floor and the second layer is provided with separate layer, also separate layer will be set in the notch on groove surface and block periphery.

11, structural system according to claim 9, wherein each module block interlocking place is provided with seam with suitable space in the first floor and the second layer.

12, structural system according to claim 9, wherein the space seam between the block of interlocking is that different size by protruding lobe causes, the size that is protruding lobe admits the size of groove enough little compared with the protruding lobe that is constituted, block can have suitable activity when load action is above them like this, so that described load partly is delivered on the adjacent block, and this activity does not influence the interlocking between block.

13, structural system according to claim 9, wherein each latch of structure is one to have the object that sufficient intensity is difficult to rupture, it can adopt any suitable shape, and can be used as restriction module block and produce the rod member of excessive vertical displacement.

14, structural system according to claim 9, wherein each key is enough thin, so its easy fracture can make the block of interlocking have flexibility like this, thus can the load on each block carries out the part transmission in the structure to acting on.

15, structural system according to claim 9, wherein said key and latch are and module block rod member independently mutually, this is owing to be arranged on the effect of the separate layer in notch and the groove surface, the property easy to crack of key and because described key and latch are wanted the cause of after-hardening than module block.

16, constitute the structural system of three layer construction, it comprises the module block of the interlocking of laying first floor, each block has groove in its upper horizontal surface, and on its some peripheries, has notch, on first floor, re-lay the module block of the interlocking in intermediate layer, each block in the second layer is equal to, in fact with first floor in block be identical, just the block in the intermediate layer is on the soffit of its level also fluted, it is identical with groove surface on its relative horizontal plane, wherein each block in the intermediate layer accurately aligns with corresponding block in the first floor, so that constitute fill orifice and hole jointly, lay the module block of the interlocking of last one deck then, the block of these blocks and first floor is equal to, but their groove surface is down, accurately align with the groove surface of the block in intermediate layer, so that constitute fill orifice and hole jointly, cement paste is injected by the fill orifice that notch constituted on the block of last one deck interlocking, to fill the whole holes in fill orifice and the structure fully, in case after the cement paste sclerosis, just can form key and latch respectively, this latch can limit interchangeable standard block and produce excessive vertical displacement.

17, structural system according to claim 16, wherein before cement paste is injected fill orifice, in the adjacent level surface between the module block in the first floor and the second layer separate layer is set, in the groove surface of block and the notch on the periphery, also separate layer will be set.

18, structural system according to claim 16 wherein is provided with suitable space contact between each module block of interlocking in the first floor and the second layer.

19, structural system according to claim 16, the space seam that wherein forms between the block of interlocking is that the different size by protruding lobe causes, the size that is protruding lobe admits the size of groove enough little compared with the protruding lobe that is constituted, block can have suitable activity when load action is above them like this, so that described load partly is delivered on the adjacent block, and this activity does not influence the interlocking between block.

20, structural system according to claim 16, wherein each latch in the structure is one to have the object that sufficient intensity is difficult to rupture, it can adopt any suitable shape, and can be used as restriction module block and produce the rod member of excessive vertical displacement.

21, structural system according to claim 16, wherein each key is enough thin, so its easy fracture can make the block of interlocking have flexibility like this, thus can the load on each block carries out the part transmission in the structure to acting on.

22, structural system according to claim 16, wherein said key and latch are and module block rod member independently mutually, this is owing to be arranged on the effect of the separate layer in notch and the groove surface, the property easy to crack of key and because described key and latch are wanted the cause of after-hardening than module block.

23, structural system according to claim 16, wherein block in the intermediate layer such as needs can be done thicklyer than the block in first floor and last one deck.

24, constitute the structural system of the structure more than four layers or four layers, it comprises the module block of the interlocking of laying first floor, each block has groove in its horizontal upper surface, and on its some peripheries, has notch, on first floor, lay the module block of the interlocking in intermediate layer again, each block is equal in the second layer, in fact with first floor in block be identical, just the block in intermediate layer also has described groove surface on its following horizontal surface, it is identical with groove surface on its relative horizontal plane, wherein corresponding block accurately aligns in each block in the intermediate layer and the first floor, so that constitute fill orifice and hole jointly, on the second layer, re-lay one deck or more multi-layered, these layers by with the second layer in the used identical block of block form, each increase layer is all used with the second layer and is laid on arranged in form identical on the first floor, on described intermediate layer, lay the module block of the interlocking of last layer then, block in this layer and the block in the first floor are equal to, but their groove surface is down, accurately align with the groove surface of block in the intermediate layer, so just constitute fill orifice and hole jointly, cement paste is injected by the fill orifice that notch constituted on the block of last one deck interlocking, to fill the whole holes in fill orifice and the structure fully, in case cement paste sclerosis, just can form key and latch respectively, this latch can limit the module block and produce excessive vertical displacement.

25, structural system according to claim 24, wherein before cement paste is injected fill orifice, in the adjacent level surface between the module block in the first floor and the second layer separate layer is set, in the groove surface of block and the notch on the periphery, also separate layer will be set.

26, structural system according to claim 24 wherein is provided with the seam with suitable space between each module block of interlocking in the first floor and the second layer.

27, structural system according to claim 24, the space seam that wherein forms between the block of interlocking is that the different size by protruding lobe causes, the size that is protruding lobe admits the size of groove enough little compared with the protruding lobe that is constituted, block can have suitable activity when load action is above them like this, so that described load partly is delivered on the adjacent block, and this activity does not influence the interlocking between block.

28, structural system according to claim 24, wherein each latch in the structure is one to have the object that sufficient intensity is difficult to rupture, it can adopt any suitable shape, and can be used as restriction module block and produce the rod member of excessive vertical displacement.

29, structural system according to claim 24, wherein each key is enough thin, so its easy fracture can make the block of interlocking have flexibility like this, thus can the load on each block carries out the part transmission in the structure to acting on.

30, structural system according to claim 24, wherein said key and latch are and module block rod member independently mutually, this is by the effect that is arranged on the separate layer in notch and the groove surface, the property easy to crack of key and because described key and latch are wanted the cause of after-hardening compared with modular blocks.

31, structural system according to claim 24, wherein block in the intermediate layer such as needs can be done thicklyer than the block in first floor and last one deck.

32, according to any one the described structural system in the aforementioned claim, wherein the available any suitable material of modular blocks part is made, as with single or two kinds and two or more different material are synthetic, as long as made module block has desired enough intensity.

33, according to any one the described structural system in the aforementioned claim, wherein the structure that is made of the modular blocks part of interlocking can be used to build basis, road surface, road, ground, sidewalk, domatic, channel, body of wall, arch, dome and bridge.

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