CN104332096A - Direct-acting follower cam-gear train combination teaching aid - Google Patents
Direct-acting follower cam-gear train combination teaching aid Download PDFInfo
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- CN104332096A CN104332096A CN201410483643.6A CN201410483643A CN104332096A CN 104332096 A CN104332096 A CN 104332096A CN 201410483643 A CN201410483643 A CN 201410483643A CN 104332096 A CN104332096 A CN 104332096A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
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Abstract
The invention discloses a direct-acting follower cam-gear train combination teaching aid. The motion rules of different direct-acting followers of a cam mechanism, a counter-rotating method of the cam mechanism, and the conversion frame principle of transmission ratio calculation in an epicyclic gear train are difficult reaching points, yet most students cannot completely understand principles and basic knowledge points. The teaching aid comprises a general support, a driving conversion device, a driving wheel train mechanism, a planetary gear train mechanism and a cam assembly. The driving conversion device manually or electrically drives the driving wheel train mechanism and the planetary gear train mechanism; and the motion and the counter-rotating method of the cam assembly are realized through the planetary gear train mechanism. According to the invention, the motion rules of the different direct-acting followers of the cam mechanism can be demonstrated, the head shapes of the different direct-acting followers can be converted, eccentricity can be adjusted, basic circles and theoretical profiles are extensible, the cam tuning angle is readable, the motion displacement of the direct-acting followers is readable, the motion rules are displayed, the counter-rotating methods of the cam mechanism of the direct-acting followers and the knowledge point of the conversion frame principle of the transmission ratio calculation of the epicyclic gear train can be demonstrated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to teaching aid field, be specifically related to a kind of cam of rectilinear movement follower-train combined appliance for teaching.
Background technology
" mechanical principle " is the basic course of mechanical major, has stronger theoretical property and practicality, and whether student learns directly impact design and practice from now on well.In the different translating follower characteristics of motion knowledge point of cam mechanism, cam mechanism reversal process, cyclic train, the conversion frame principle of gear ratio calculation is the difficult point in teaching, teacher in teaching process by multimedia means, explain with animation, but most of student can not understand principle and basic knowledge point completely, student has listened and has not quite understood, and teaching efficiency is bad.In the epoch that the modern times impart knowledge to students with high-level efficiency, teaching aid just seems more important.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of cam of rectilinear movement follower-train combined appliance for teaching is provided, this teaching aid can demonstrate the characteristics of motion knowledge point of the different translating follower of cam mechanism, translating follower nose shape can be realized convertible, eccentric throw is adjustable, basic circle and pitch curve easily extensible, cam angle is readable, translating follower moving displacement is readable, the characteristics of motion is shown, Cam Mechanism of Moved Member reversal process knowledge point is demonstrated, cam mechanism reversal process realizes mechanism's (planetary wheel mechanism) can the multiplexing conversion frame theory teaching calculated in demonstration epicyclic gearing ratio.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme.
The present invention includes total support, drive conversion equipment, train mechanism, planetary wheel mechanism and cam pack.
Described driving conversion equipment comprises motor output shaft gear, direct current motor, driving conversion bearing, drives conversion regulating device, handle, handle rolling disc, handle shaft collar, handle output shaft gear and handle axis of rotation.The described installation shaft of conversion regulating device that drives is fixed on adjustment bearing, bearing is regulated to be fixed on total support, driving conversion bearing to fix with driving the regulating arm changing regulating device, driving conversion regulating device can drive between station at hand station and motor and switching; The base of described direct current motor is fixed on the one end driving conversion bearing, and output shaft and the motor output shaft gear of direct current motor are fixed; Described handle axis of rotation is bearing in the other end driving conversion bearing by rolling bearing; Described handle output shaft gear is fixed on handle axis of rotation; Described handle rolling disc and handle axis of rotation interference fit; Handle shaft collar is changed bearing with driving and is fixed; The inner side end of described handle shaft collar is uniformly distributed along the circumference and offers multiple steel ball groove; The inner side end of described handle rolling disc offers steel ball mounting groove, and one end and the steel ball mounting groove of steel ball spring are fixed, and the other end and steel ball are fixed; Handle shaft collar is contacted by steel ball with handle rolling disc, and steel ball can embed in steel ball groove; The outer rim of handle rolling disc is fixed with handle.
Described train mechanism comprises the first input gear, input shaft, the second input gear, the 3rd input gear, speed Control axle, first stud gear, second stud gear, the first output gear, exports main shaft, the second output gear, the 3rd output gear, reversion card plate, reversion dish outer rotor, the first transmission gear, the second transmission gear, transmission shaft, reversion control gear and reversion control axle; The 3rd described input gear engages with motor output shaft gear or handle output shaft gear; The two ends of described input shaft, output main shaft and transmission shaft are all bearing on total support by rolling bearing; Speed Control axle and reversion are controlled axle and are all connected by linear bearing with total support; The first described input gear, the second input gear and the 3rd input gear are all fixed on input shaft; First stud gear and second stud gear are all fixed on speed Control axle; First output gear, the second output gear and the 3rd output gear are all fixed on and export on main shaft; Reversion dish outer rotor is bearing in by rolling bearing and exports on main shaft; Described reversion card plate empty set on output main shaft, and is fixed with reversion dish outer rotor; Described reversion control gear is fixed on reversion and controls on axle; First transmission gear and the second transmission gear are all fixed on transmission shaft; First transmission gear engages with reversion dish outer rotor; When the transmission of cam translating follower or epicyclic gearing demonstration, first stud gear engages with the second input gear and the first output gear simultaneously; When cam reversal process or cyclic train are converted into fixed shaft gear train calculating ratio of gear demonstration, second stud gear engages with the first input gear and the second output gear simultaneously, and reversion control gear engages with the 3rd output gear and the second transmission gear simultaneously.
Described planetary wheel mechanism comprises reversion dish annular wheel, planet wheel, planet hack lever, the 4th output gear and planet axis; Described reversion dish annular wheel empty set on output main shaft, and is fixed with reversion card plate; The 4th described output gear is connected by flat key with the head exporting main shaft; One end of planet hack lever is bearing in by rolling bearing and exports on main shaft; Planet axis is connected by flat key with the other end of planet hack lever; Described planet wheel is bearing in planet axis by rolling bearing, and engages with the 4th output gear and reversion dish annular wheel simultaneously.
Described cam pack comprises panel rack, first panel, second panel, characteristics of motion line chart displaying case, characteristics of motion pointer, guide rod spring, guide bar receiver, set screw, static guide rod, motion guide rod, slide block, slide block adjustment bearing, cam, cam base circle plate, first pinnacle joint, second pinnacle joint, cam profile expansion board, basic circle expansion board, wedge key, cam angle moves pointer, the quiet pointer of cam angle, index dial, scale film, abnormity bearing pin, camshaft, cushion block, slide rail and sliding bar.Described panel rack is nested with outside reversion dish annular wheel, and fixes with total support; Two slide rails are radially fixed on the wheel rim place, outer face of reversion dish annular wheel, and are equipped with cushion block between two slide rails and interior reversion dish annular wheel; Described camshaft is coaxially arranged with output main shaft, and is connected by flat key with planet hack lever; First panel and the second panel are all nested with on camshaft; The first described panel and the inner face of the second panel are all fixed with sliding bar, and two sliding bars are connected by sliding pair with corresponding slide rail respectively; First panel and the faying face of the second panel are mutually chimeric rectangular teeth, and the tooth top place of the first panel, the teeth groove place of the second panel are all fixed with magnet; Described cam is all connected by flat key with camshaft with cam base circle plate, and cam base circle plate is connected by wedge key with camshaft; Cam is arranged on the outside of the first panel and the second panel; The inner face of cam base circle plate and the outer face of cam are fixed, and index dial is bonded on the outer face of cam base circle plate; The contoured surface of described cam and cam base circle plate all offers annular slot, and cam profile expansion board is plugged in the annular slot of cam, and basic circle expansion board is plugged in the annular slot of cam base circle plate; Two pieces of slide block adjustment bearings are vertically fixed on the second panel side by side; Two pieces of slide blocks are adjusted bearing with one piece of slide block respectively and are connected by sliding pair, and are fixed with a guide bar receiver respectively; Described slide block adjustment bearing offers multiple threaded hole, and two guide bar receivers adjust bearing respectively and are connected by screw at a threaded hole place with corresponding slide block; The center of rotation of described static guide rod and motion guide rod all vertically alignment cam, and be all connected by sliding pair with two guide bar receivers; Two guide rod springs are provided with between two guide bar receivers; Two guide rod springs are nested with respectively on static guide rod and motion guide rod, and top compresses a spring pressure bar respectively; Two spring pressure bars are separately fixed on static guide rod and motion guide rod; The bottom of static guide rod is stained with scale film; The top of described first pinnacle joint and the second pinnacle joint all offers jiont treatment hole, and bottom is taper; The jiont treatment hole on the first joint top, pinnacle and the bottom transition of motion guide rod are connected, and bottom is connected by cam pair with cam; The jiont treatment hole on the second joint top, pinnacle and the bottom transition of static guide rod are connected, and bottom is connected by cam pair with cam base circle plate; The afterbody of the quiet pointer of described cam angle is connected with the quiet pointer mounting groove transition fit of the second pinnacle joint sidewall; The afterbody that cam angle moves pointer is provided with the connecting link with syringe needle place plane orthogonal, and connecting link embeds in the center pit of camshaft head; Described special-shaped bearing pin comprises integrated column part and parallelepiped body portion, and parallelepiped body portion is arranged on one end sidewall of column part; Column part and panel rack are fixed, and parallelepiped body portion is horizontally disposed with; Described characteristics of motion line chart displaying case offers the special-shaped slot matched with special-shaped pin shape shaft, and the special-shaped slot of characteristics of motion line chart displaying case is socketed on special-shaped bearing pin; The bottom of described characteristics of motion pointer is connected by sliding pair with the bottom of characteristics of motion line chart displaying case; Characteristics of motion line chart plate inserts in the chart board slot of characteristics of motion line chart displaying case, the upper water truncation line parallel of the abscissa axis on characteristics of motion line chart plate and cam base circle plate; Abscissa axis on characteristics of motion line chart plate is the corner of cam, and ordinate is the displacement of motion guide rod.
Described cam profile expansion board is for offering apertured transparent annular sheet, and inside and outside contoured surface shape is all identical with the contoured surface shape of cam; Described basic circle expansion board is for offering apertured transparent annular sheet.
Initial makeup location, the head cusp of the first pinnacle joint contacts with the lift starting point of cam, and cam angle moves the identical graduation of pointer and the quiet pointed index dial of cam angle.
The material of described characteristics of motion line chart plate is transparent plastic.
Can be the first roller joint by the first pinnacle joint replacing, the second pinnacle joint replacing be the second roller joint; The bottom of the first roller joint and the second roller joint is all hinged with roller; The described jiont treatment hole at the first roller joint top and the bottom transition of motion guide rod are connected, and the roller of bottom is connected by cam pair with cam; The described jiont treatment hole at the second roller joint top and the bottom transition of static guide rod are connected, and the roller of bottom is connected by cam pair with cam base circle plate; The afterbody of the quiet pointer of cam angle is connected with the quiet pointer mounting groove transition fit of the second roller joint sidewall.
Also can be the first flat joint by the first pinnacle joint replacing, the second pinnacle joint replacing be the second flat joint; The described jiont treatment hole at the first flat joint top and the bottom transition of motion guide rod are connected, and bottom is connected by cam pair with cam; The jiont treatment hole at the second flat joint top and the bottom transition of static guide rod are connected, and bottom is connected by cam pair with cam base circle plate; The afterbody of the quiet pointer of cam angle is connected with the quiet pointer mounting groove transition fit of the second flat joint sidewall.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has:
The present invention can demonstrate the characteristics of motion knowledge point of the different translating follower of cam mechanism, can realize that translating follower nose shape is convertible, eccentric throw is adjustable, basic circle and pitch curve easily extensible, cam angle is readable, translating follower moving displacement is readable, the characteristics of motion is shown, the demonstration of Cam Mechanism of Moved Member reversal process knowledge point, cam mechanism reversal process realizes mechanism's (planetary wheel mechanism) can be multiplexing in the conversion frame theory teaching of demonstration epicyclic gearing ratio calculating, greatly deepen the understanding of student, facilitate teaching, improve quality of instruction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is one-piece construction stereographic map of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is one-piece construction cut-open view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a side isometric view of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is another side isometric view of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural perspective of planetary wheel mechanism in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the transmission principle schematic diagram of pinnacle Cam Mechanism of Moved Member in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the transmission principle schematic diagram of roller Cam Mechanism of Moved Member in the present invention;
Fig. 8-1 is the structural perspective of the first pinnacle joint in the present invention;
Fig. 8-2 is the structural perspective of the second pinnacle joint in the present invention;
Fig. 9-1 is the structural perspective of the first roller joint in the present invention;
Fig. 9-2 is the structural perspective of the second roller joint in the present invention;
Figure 10-1 is the structural perspective of the first flat joint in the present invention;
Figure 10-2 is the structural perspective of the second flat joint in the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
As Fig. 1,2,3, shown in 4 and 5, cam of rectilinear movement follower-train combined appliance for teaching, comprises total support 2, drives conversion equipment, train mechanism, planetary wheel mechanism and cam pack; The driving of train mechanism, has manual or electronic two kinds of modes, and the conversion of driving force passes to train mechanism by driving conversion equipment; The motion of cam pack and reversal process are realized by planetary wheel mechanism.
As shown in Fig. 2,3 and 4, drive conversion equipment to comprise motor output shaft gear 27, direct current motor 28, drive conversion bearing 29, drive conversion regulating device 30, handle 31, handle rolling disc 32, handle shaft collar 33, handle output shaft gear 34 and handle axis of rotation.Driving the installation shaft of conversion regulating device 30 to be fixed on regulates on bearing 53, bearing 53 is regulated to be fixed on total support 2, conversion bearing 29 is driven to fix with driving the regulating arm changing regulating device 30, drive conversion regulating device 30 can drive between station at hand station and motor to switch, realize driven by shaking and motor driving respectively.The base of direct current motor 28 is fixed on the one end driving conversion bearing 29, and output shaft and the motor output shaft gear 27 of direct current motor 28 are fixed.Handle axis of rotation is bearing in the other end driving conversion bearing 29 by rolling bearing; Handle output shaft gear 34 is fixed on handle axis of rotation; Handle rolling disc 32 and handle axis of rotation interference fit; Handle shaft collar 33 and driving are changed bearing 29 and are fixed; The inner side end of handle shaft collar 33 is uniformly distributed along the circumference and offers 12 steel ball grooves.The inner side end of handle rolling disc 32 offers steel ball mounting groove, and one end and the steel ball mounting groove of steel ball spring are fixed, and the other end and steel ball are fixed; Handle shaft collar 33 is contacted by steel ball with handle rolling disc 32, and in handle rolling disc 32 rotation process, steel ball can embed in steel ball groove; The outer rim of handle rolling disc 32 is fixed with handle 31.
Train mechanism comprises the first input gear 35, input shaft 36, second input gear 37, the 3rd input gear 38, speed Control axle 39, first stud gear 40, second stud gear 41, first output gear 42, exports main shaft 43, second output gear 44, the 3rd output gear 45, reversion card plate 46, reversion dish outer rotor 47, first transmission gear 48, second transmission gear 49, transmission shaft 50, reversion control gear 51 and reversion control axle 52; 3rd input gear 38 engages with motor output shaft gear 27 or handle output shaft gear 34; The two ends of input shaft 36, output main shaft 43 and transmission shaft 50 are all bearing on total support 2 by rolling bearing; Speed Control axle 39 and reversion are controlled axle 52 and are all connected by linear bearing with total support 2; First input gear 35, second input gear 37 and the 3rd input gear 38 are all fixed on input shaft 36; First stud gear 40 and second stud gear 41 are all fixed on speed Control axle 39; First output gear 42, second output gear 44 and the 3rd output gear 45 are all fixed on and export on main shaft 43; Reversion dish outer rotor 47 is bearing in by rolling bearing and exports on main shaft 43; Reversion card plate 46 empty set on output main shaft 43, and is fixed with reversion dish outer rotor 47; Reversion control gear 51 is fixed on reversion and controls on axle 52; First transmission gear 48 and the second transmission gear 49 are all fixed on transmission shaft 50; First transmission gear 48 engages with reversion dish outer rotor 47.During demonstration cam translating follower transmission, first stud gear 40 engages with the second input gear 37 and the first output gear 42 simultaneously, and the first output gear 42 drives output main shaft 43 to operate; Reversion control gear 51 does not participate in engagement.During cam reversal process demonstration, translation speed Control axle 39 and reversion control axle 52, first stud gear 40 is separated with the second input gear 37 and the first output gear 42, second stud gear 41 engages with the first input gear 35 and the second output gear 44 simultaneously, output main shaft 43 is driven to rotate, reversion control gear 51 engages with the 3rd output gear 45 and the second transmission gear 49 simultaneously, power passes to reversion dish outer rotor 47 through reversion control gear 51, second transmission gear 49, first transmission gear 48, thus drives reversion card plate 46 to rotate.
As Fig. 2,3, shown in 4 and 5, planetary wheel mechanism comprises reversion dish annular wheel 54, planet wheel 55, planet hack lever 56, the 4th output gear 57 and planet axis 58; Reversion dish annular wheel 54 empty set on output main shaft 43, and is fixed with reversion card plate 46; 4th output gear 57 is connected by flat key with the head exporting main shaft 43; One end of planet hack lever 56 is bearing in by rolling bearing and exports on main shaft 43; Planet axis 58 is connected by flat key with the other end of planet hack lever 56; Planet wheel 55 is bearing in planet axis 58 by rolling bearing, and engages with the 4th output gear 57 and reversion dish annular wheel 54 simultaneously.
As Fig. 1, 2, 6, shown in 8-1 and 8-2, cam pack comprises panel rack 5, first panel 6, second panel 7, characteristics of motion line chart displaying case 8, characteristics of motion pointer 8-1, guide rod spring 9, guide bar receiver 10, set screw 11, static guide rod 12, motion guide rod 13, slide block 14, slide block adjustment bearing 15, cam 16, cam base circle plate 17, first pinnacle joint 18, second pinnacle joint 18-1, cam profile expansion board 20, basic circle expansion board 21, wedge key 22, cam angle moves pointer 23, the quiet pointer 24 of cam angle, index dial 25, scale film 26, abnormity bearing pin 59, camshaft 60, cushion block 61, slide rail 62 and sliding bar 63.Panel rack 5 is nested with outside reversion dish annular wheel 54, and fixes with total support 2; Two slide rails 62 are radially fixed on the wheel rim place, outer face of reversion dish annular wheel 54, and are equipped with cushion block 61 between two slide rails 62 and interior reversion dish annular wheel 54; Camshaft 60 is coaxially arranged with output main shaft 43, and is connected by flat key with planet hack lever 56; First panel 6 and the second panel 7 are all nested with on camshaft 60; The inner face of the first panel 6 and the second panel 7 is all fixed with sliding bar 63, and two sliding bars 63 are connected by sliding pair with corresponding slide rail 62 respectively; First panel 6 and the faying face of the second panel 7 are mutually chimeric rectangular teeth, and the tooth top place of the first panel 6, the teeth groove place of the second panel 7 are all fixed with magnet; Cam 16 is all connected by flat key with camshaft 60 with cam base circle plate 17, and cam base circle plate 17 is connected by wedge key 22 with camshaft 60, and wedge key 22 realizes the axial location of cam base circle plate 17; Cam 16 is arranged on the outside of the first panel 6 and the second panel 7; The inner face of cam base circle plate 17 and the outer face of cam 16 are fixed, and index dial 25 is bonded on the outer face of cam base circle plate 17; The contoured surface of cam 16 and cam base circle plate 17 all offers annular slot, and cam profile expansion board 20 is plugged in the annular slot of cam 16; Cam profile expansion board 20 is for offering apertured transparent annular sheet, and inside and outside contoured surface shape is all identical with the contoured surface shape of cam 16; Basic circle expansion board 21, for offering apertured transparent annular sheet, is plugged in the annular slot of cam base circle plate 17; Two pieces of slide block adjustment bearings 15 are vertically fixed on the second panel 7 side by side; Two pieces of slide blocks 14 are adjusted bearing 15 with one piece of slide block respectively and are connected by sliding pair, and are fixed with a guide bar receiver 10 respectively; Slide block adjustment bearing 15 offers six threaded holes, and two guide bar receivers 10 are adjusted bearing 15 respectively and connected by screw 11 at a threaded hole place with corresponding slide block; The center of rotation of static guide rod 12 and motion guide rod 13 all vertically alignment cam 16, and be all connected by sliding pair with two guide bar receivers 10; Guide bar receiver 10 is fixed on the different threaded hole places of slide block adjustment bearing 15 by screw 11, can regulate the eccentric throw between static guide rod 12 and the center of rotation of motion guide rod 13 and cam 16 simultaneously; Two guide rod springs 9 are provided with between two guide bar receivers 10; Two guide rod springs 9 are nested with respectively on static guide rod 12 and motion guide rod 13, and top compresses a spring pressure bar respectively; Two spring pressure bars are separately fixed on static guide rod 12 and motion guide rod 13; The bottom of static guide rod 12 is stained with scale film 26; The top of the first pinnacle joint 18 and the second pinnacle joint 18-1 all offers jiont treatment hole, and bottom is taper; The jiont treatment hole at the first pinnacle joint 18 top and the bottom transition of motion guide rod 13 are connected, and bottom is connected by cam pair with cam 16; The jiont treatment hole on the second joint 18-1 top, pinnacle and the bottom transition of static guide rod 12 are connected, and bottom is connected by cam pair with cam base circle plate 17; The afterbody of the quiet pointer of cam angle 24 is connected with the quiet pointer mounting groove transition fit of the second pinnacle joint 18-1 sidewall; The afterbody that cam angle moves pointer 23 is provided with the connecting link with syringe needle place plane orthogonal, and connecting link embeds in the center pit of camshaft 60 head; Initial makeup location, the head cusp of the first pinnacle joint 18 contacts with the lift starting point of cam 16, cam angle moves the identical graduation that pointer 23 and the quiet pointer 24 of cam angle point to index dial 25, can read from index dial 25 corner that cam angle moves the quiet pointer 24 of pointer 23 opposing cam corner, thus determine the corner of cam base circle plate 17.Abnormity bearing pin 59 comprises integrated column part and parallelepiped body portion, and parallelepiped body portion is arranged on one end sidewall of column part; Column part and panel rack 5 are fixed, and parallelepiped body portion is horizontally disposed with; Characteristics of motion line chart displaying case 8 offers the special-shaped slot with special-shaped bearing pin 59 mating shapes, and the special-shaped slot of characteristics of motion line chart displaying case 8 is socketed on special-shaped bearing pin 59; After characteristics of motion line chart displaying case 8 is finished using, storage can be taken off from special-shaped bearing pin 59 and place; The bottom of characteristics of motion pointer 8-1 is connected by sliding pair with the bottom of characteristics of motion line chart displaying case 8; Characteristics of motion line chart plate inserts in the chart board slot of characteristics of motion line chart displaying case 8, the upper water truncation line parallel of the abscissa axis on characteristics of motion line chart plate and cam base circle plate 17; The material of characteristics of motion line chart plate is transparent plastic, according to different Cam Mechanism of Moved Members, and the characteristics of motion line chart plate of replaceable correspondence; Abscissa axis on characteristics of motion line chart plate is the corner of cam 16, and ordinate is the displacement of motion guide rod 13; According to the motion guide rod displacement that the cam angle that index dial 25 reads and scale film 26 read, characteristics of motion pointer 8-1 indicates the corresponding relation of Cam Motion Principle and cam angle and the displacement of motion guide rod, realize the explanation of cam contour, cam angle, the displacement of cam translating follower, Cam Motion Principle knowledge point, polylith characteristics of motion line chart plate stacks and can contrast under cam contour same case, the similarities and differences of the different translating follower characteristics of motion.
As Fig. 1,7, shown in 9-1 and 9-2, the first pinnacle joint 18 can be replaced by the first roller joint 19, second pinnacle joint 18-1 and be replaced by the second roller joint 19-1; The bottom of the first roller joint 19 and the second roller joint 19-1 is all hinged with roller; The jiont treatment hole at the first roller joint 19 top and the bottom transition of motion guide rod 13 are connected, and the roller of bottom is connected by cam pair with cam 16; The jiont treatment hole at the second roller joint 19-1 top and the bottom transition of static guide rod 12 are connected, and the roller of bottom is connected by cam pair with cam base circle plate 17; The afterbody of the quiet pointer of cam angle 24 is connected with the quiet pointer mounting groove transition fit of the second roller joint 19-1 sidewall.
As shown in Fig. 1,10-1 and 10-2, also the first pinnacle joint 18 can be replaced by the first flat joint 64, second pinnacle joint 18-1 and be replaced by the second flat joint 64-1; The first flat jiont treatment hole at joint 64 top and the bottom transition of motion guide rod 13 are connected, and bottom is connected by cam pair with cam 16; The second flat jiont treatment hole at joint 64-1 top and the bottom transition of static guide rod 12 are connected, and bottom is connected by cam pair with cam base circle plate 17; The afterbody of the quiet pointer of cam angle 24 is connected with the quiet pointer mounting groove transition fit of the second flat joint 64-1 sidewall.
The principle of work of this cam of rectilinear movement follower-train combined appliance for teaching:
Driving conversion equipment can realize manually and electronic two kinds of type of drive: when driving conversion regulating device 30 to be switched to motor driving station, motor output shaft gear 27 engages with the 3rd input gear 38, and direct current motor 28 drives the 3rd input gear 38 to rotate through motor output shaft gear 27; When driving conversion regulating device 30 to be switched to hand station, handle output shaft gear 34 engages with the 3rd input gear 38, and handle 31 rotates through handle rolling disc 32 and handle axis of rotation band fixed handle output shaft gear 34; Handle shaft collar 33 is contacted by steel ball with handle rolling disc 32, and in handle rolling disc 32 rotation process, steel ball relies on the pressure of steel ball spring to embed in the steel ball groove of handle shaft collar 33, realizes calibration and rotates.
Known cam contour of deducing asks characteristics of motion knowledge point:
Drive conversion equipment to drive the 3rd input gear 38 to rotate, the power of the 3rd input gear 38 passes to the second input gear 37 through input shaft 36; Translation speed Control axle 39, makes first stud gear 40 drive with the second input gear 37 and the first output gear 42, first output gear 42 to export main shaft 43 to operate simultaneously; 4th output gear 57 is with the synchronized rotation of output main shaft 43, and planet wheel 55 engages with the 4th output gear 57, drives planet hack lever 56 to rotate, and then is with moving cam 16 and cam base circle plate 17 to rotate; Now, reversion control gear 51 do not participate in engagement, reversion dish annular wheel 54 is static, the first panel 6 and the second panel 7 motionless.Cam 16 rotates promotion first pinnacle joint 18 and makes motion guide rod 13 vertically movement, and motion guide rod 13 compresses cam 16 all the time under the effect of guide rod spring 9; Static guide rod 12 does not move, cam angle quiet pointer 24 transfixion; Cam angle moves pointer 23 and rotates with cam base circle plate 17, can read the corner that cam angle moves the quiet pointer 24 of pointer 23 opposing cam corner, thus determine the corner of cam base circle plate 17 from index dial 25; The scale value of motion guide rod 13 geo-stationary guide rod 12 movement is read, i.e. the displacement of cam translating follower from scale film 26; Guide bar receiver 10 and slide block are adjusted bearing 15 connected by screw 11 at different threaded hole place, the eccentric throw of adjustable pinnacle Cam Mechanism of Moved Member; The head position of cusp of the first pinnacle joint 18 is corresponding with the outline line of cam 16, now, pitch curve overlaps with cam cam profile, the outline line of cam base circle plate 17 is cam base circle, and the pitch curve demonstrating pinnacle Cam Mechanism of Moved Member overlaps with Real Contourline of Cam, pinnacle Cam Mechanism of Moved Member eccentric throw is adjustable and cam base circle knowledge point.
First pinnacle joint 18 is replaced by the first roller joint 19, second pinnacle joint 18-1 is replaced by the second roller joint 19-1, now, the roller centre position of the first roller joint 19 is corresponding with the outline line of cam profile expansion board 20, the outline line of cam profile expansion board 20 is the pitch curve of roller Cam Mechanism of Moved Member, the outline line of cam 16 is the cam profile of roller Cam Mechanism of Moved Member, the outline line of basic circle expansion board 21 is cam base circle, the pitch curve of roller Cam Mechanism of Moved Member and the difference of cam profile can be demonstrated, also pinnacle Cam Mechanism of Moved Member and the pitch curve of roller Cam Mechanism of Moved Member under cam profile same case and the similarities and differences of cam profile can be compared.In like manner, in roller Cam Mechanism of Moved Member, can read from index dial 25 corner that cam angle moves the quiet pointer 24 of pointer 23 opposing cam corner, thus determine the corner of cam base circle plate 17; The scale value of motion guide rod 13 geo-stationary guide rod 12 movement is read, i.e. the angular displacement of cam translating follower from scale film 26.
First pinnacle joint 18 is replaced by the first flat joint 64, second pinnacle joint 18-1 and is replaced by the second flat joint 64-1; The bottom position of the first flat joint 64 is corresponding with the outline line of cam 16, and now, pitch curve overlaps with cam cam profile, and the outline line of cam base circle plate 17 is cam base circle, can demonstrate flat Cam Mechanism of Moved Member.
The reversal process principle of deduction pinnacle Cam Mechanism of Moved Member:
Stir cam angle and move the lift starting point that pointer 23 points to cam 16, the quiet pointer 24 of cam angle moves pointer 23 with cam angle and overlaps; Drive conversion equipment to drive the 3rd input gear 38 to rotate, the power of the 3rd input gear 38 passes to the first input gear 35 through input shaft 36; Translation speed Control axle 39 and reversion control axle 52, and second stud gear 41 is engaged with the first input gear 35 and the second output gear 44 simultaneously, drive export main shaft 43 and the 4th output gear 57 with
speed rotate, the 4th output gear 57 drives planet wheel 55 to rotate, thus drive planet hack lever 56 with
speed rotate; Reversion control gear 51 engages with the 3rd output gear 45 and the second transmission gear 49 simultaneously, the power exporting main shaft 43 passes to reversion dish outer rotor 47 through the 3rd output gear 45, reversion control gear 51, second transmission gear 49, first transmission gear 48, thus drive reversion card plate 46 and reversion dish annular wheel 54 to reverse, reversion dish annular wheel 54 engages with planet wheel 55, drive planet hack lever 56 with
speed reversion, two motion synthesis, planet hack lever 56 is static, thus cam 16 and cam base circle plate 17 static; Reversion dish annular wheel 54 drives the first panel 6, second panel 7 and index dial 25 synchronously to reverse; Static guide rod 12 reverses with the first panel 6, and slides along the contoured surface of cam base circle plate 17; Reverse with the first panel 6 in motion guide rod 13 1 aspect, promoted by cam 16 on the other hand, slide along guide bar receiver 10, the position at the first pinnacle joint 18 place is the point of cam 16; The scale value of motion guide rod 13 geo-stationary guide rod 12 movement can be read, i.e. the displacement of cam translating follower from scale film 26; The quiet pointer of cam angle 24 rotates with static guide rod 12, can read the angle of static guide rod 12 relative motion guide rod 13 rotation, thus determine the corner of cam base circle plate 17 from index dial 25; When introducing knowledge point in detail, manually type of drive realizes the reversion of Cam Mechanism of Moved Member, contrast characteristics of motion line chart plate, in the process that first panel 6 reverses, determine the displacement of translating follower during different cam angle, in known characteristics of motion situation of having deduced, the drawing principle of cam profile.
The reversal process principle of roller Cam Mechanism of Moved Member and flat Cam Mechanism of Moved Member and the reversal process principle of pinnacle Cam Mechanism of Moved Member similar.
Deduction epicyclic gearing principle: cam angle is moved pointer 23, the quiet pointer 24 of cam angle, cam base circle plate 17, cam 16, first panel 6, second panel 7 and camshaft 60 and disassemble; Drive conversion equipment to adopt electronic mode to drive the 3rd input gear 38 to rotate, the power of the 3rd input gear 38 passes to the second input gear 37 through input shaft 36; Translation speed Control axle 39, makes first stud gear 40 engage with the second input gear 37 and the first output gear 42 simultaneously, and the first output gear 42 drives output main shaft 43 to rotate; 4th output gear 57 is with the synchronized rotation of output main shaft 43, and planet wheel 55 engages with the 4th output gear 57, drives planet hack lever 56 to rotate; Now, reversion control gear 51 does not participate in engagement, and reversion dish annular wheel 54 is static, and wheel is cyclic train.
Deduction cyclic train is converted into the complex mechanism principle that fixed shaft gear train calculates ratio of gear: cam angle is moved pointer 23, the quiet pointer 24 of cam angle, cam base circle plate 17, cam 16, first panel 6, second panel 7 and camshaft 60 and disassemble; Drive conversion equipment to adopt electronic mode to drive the 3rd input gear 38 to rotate, the power of the 3rd input gear 38 passes to the first input gear 35 through input shaft 36; Translation speed Control axle 39 and reversion control axle 52, and second stud gear 41 is engaged with the first input gear 35 and the second output gear 44 simultaneously, drive export main shaft 43 and the 4th output gear 57 with
speed rotate, the 4th output gear 57 drives planet wheel 55 to rotate, thus drive planet hack lever 56 with
speed rotate forward; Reversion control gear 51 engages with the 3rd output gear 45 and the second transmission gear 49 simultaneously, the power exporting main shaft 43 passes to reversion dish outer rotor 47 through the 3rd output gear 45, reversion control gear 51, second transmission gear 49, first transmission gear 48, thus drive reversion card plate 46 and reversion dish annular wheel 54 to reverse, reversion dish annular wheel 54 engages with planet wheel 55, drive planet hack lever 56 with
speed reversion, two motion synthesis, planet hack lever 56 is static; Now, the rotation center of the 4th output gear 57, planet wheel 55 and reversion dish annular wheel 54 all maintains static, and cyclic train is converted into fixed shaft gear train, introduces and compares knowledge point according to fixed shaft gear train formulae discovery epicyclic gearing.
In this cam of rectilinear movement follower-train combined appliance for teaching, the motion of cam pack and reversal process are realized by planetary wheel mechanism, and inversion principle is directly perceived; Cover the characteristics of motion knowledge point explanation of pinnacle Cam Mechanism of Moved Member, roller Cam Mechanism of Moved Member and flat Cam Mechanism of Moved Member, achieve basic circle and pitch curve easily extensible, cam angle be readable, translating follower displacement is readable, the corresponding displaying of the characteristics of motion and planetary wheel mechanism multiplexing in demonstration epicyclic gearing than the innovative function of conversion frame principle calculated; When Cam Motion Principle knowledge point details is shown, the driving of train mechanism adopts manual mode; The reversal process principle of deduction cam mechanism, epicyclic gearing principle and cyclic train are converted into fixed shaft gear train when calculating the complex mechanism principle of ratio of gear, and the driving of train mechanism adopts electronic mode, demonstrates easy to operate.
Classmates by the demonstration of viewing this cam of rectilinear movement follower-train combined appliance for teaching, more easily lively, image, understand knowledge point intuitively, arouse the interest in study, alleviate the teaching difficulty of teacher simultaneously, and improve quality of instruction; More energy can be placed on guiding student and observe teaching aid by teacher, training student analysis, thinks deeply, asks a question and problem-solving ability.This cam of rectilinear movement follower-train combined appliance for teaching compact conformation, easy to carry.
Claims (6)
1. cam of rectilinear movement follower-train combined appliance for teaching, comprises total support, drives conversion equipment, train mechanism, planetary wheel mechanism and cam pack, it is characterized in that:
Described driving conversion equipment comprises motor output shaft gear, direct current motor, driving conversion bearing, drives conversion regulating device, handle, handle rolling disc, handle shaft collar, handle output shaft gear and handle axis of rotation; The described installation shaft of conversion regulating device that drives is fixed on adjustment bearing, bearing is regulated to be fixed on total support, driving conversion bearing to fix with driving the regulating arm changing regulating device, driving conversion regulating device can drive between station at hand station and motor and switching; The base of described direct current motor is fixed on the one end driving conversion bearing, and output shaft and the motor output shaft gear of direct current motor are fixed; Described handle axis of rotation is bearing in the other end driving conversion bearing by rolling bearing; Described handle output shaft gear is fixed on handle axis of rotation; Described handle rolling disc and handle axis of rotation interference fit; Handle shaft collar is changed bearing with driving and is fixed; The inner side end of described handle shaft collar is uniformly distributed along the circumference and offers multiple steel ball groove; The inner side end of described handle rolling disc offers steel ball mounting groove, and one end and the steel ball mounting groove of steel ball spring are fixed, and the other end and steel ball are fixed; Handle shaft collar is contacted by steel ball with handle rolling disc, and steel ball can embed in steel ball groove; The outer rim of handle rolling disc is fixed with handle;
Described train mechanism comprises the first input gear, input shaft, the second input gear, the 3rd input gear, speed Control axle, first stud gear, second stud gear, the first output gear, exports main shaft, the second output gear, the 3rd output gear, reversion card plate, reversion dish outer rotor, the first transmission gear, the second transmission gear, transmission shaft, reversion control gear and reversion control axle; The 3rd described input gear engages with motor output shaft gear or handle output shaft gear; The two ends of described input shaft, output main shaft and transmission shaft are all bearing on total support by rolling bearing; Speed Control axle and reversion are controlled axle and are all connected by linear bearing with total support; The first described input gear, the second input gear and the 3rd input gear are all fixed on input shaft; First stud gear and second stud gear are all fixed on speed Control axle; First output gear, the second output gear and the 3rd output gear are all fixed on and export on main shaft; Reversion dish outer rotor is bearing in by rolling bearing and exports on main shaft; Described reversion card plate empty set on output main shaft, and is fixed with reversion dish outer rotor; Described reversion control gear is fixed on reversion and controls on axle; First transmission gear and the second transmission gear are all fixed on transmission shaft; First transmission gear engages with reversion dish outer rotor; When the transmission of cam translating follower or epicyclic gearing demonstration, first stud gear engages with the second input gear and the first output gear simultaneously; When cam reversal process or cyclic train are converted into fixed shaft gear train calculating ratio of gear demonstration, second stud gear engages with the first input gear and the second output gear simultaneously, and reversion control gear engages with the 3rd output gear and the second transmission gear simultaneously;
Described planetary wheel mechanism comprises reversion dish annular wheel, planet wheel, planet hack lever, the 4th output gear and planet axis; Described reversion dish annular wheel empty set on output main shaft, and is fixed with reversion card plate; The 4th described output gear is connected by flat key with the head exporting main shaft; One end of planet hack lever is bearing in by rolling bearing and exports on main shaft; Planet axis is connected by flat key with the other end of planet hack lever; Described planet wheel is bearing in planet axis by rolling bearing, and engages with the 4th output gear and reversion dish annular wheel simultaneously;
Described cam pack comprises panel rack, first panel, second panel, characteristics of motion line chart displaying case, characteristics of motion pointer, guide rod spring, guide bar receiver, set screw, static guide rod, motion guide rod, slide block, slide block adjustment bearing, cam, cam base circle plate, first pinnacle joint, second pinnacle joint, cam profile expansion board, basic circle expansion board, wedge key, cam angle moves pointer, the quiet pointer of cam angle, index dial, scale film, abnormity bearing pin, camshaft, cushion block, slide rail and sliding bar, described panel rack is nested with outside reversion dish annular wheel, and fixes with total support, two slide rails are radially fixed on the wheel rim place, outer face of reversion dish annular wheel, and are equipped with cushion block between two slide rails and interior reversion dish annular wheel, described camshaft is coaxially arranged with output main shaft, and is connected by flat key with planet hack lever, first panel and the second panel are all nested with on camshaft, the first described panel and the inner face of the second panel are all fixed with sliding bar, and two sliding bars are connected by sliding pair with corresponding slide rail respectively, first panel and the faying face of the second panel are mutually chimeric rectangular teeth, and the tooth top place of the first panel, the teeth groove place of the second panel are all fixed with magnet, described cam is all connected by flat key with camshaft with cam base circle plate, and cam base circle plate is connected by wedge key with camshaft, cam is arranged on the outside of the first panel and the second panel, the inner face of cam base circle plate and the outer face of cam are fixed, and index dial is bonded on the outer face of cam base circle plate, the contoured surface of described cam and cam base circle plate all offers annular slot, and cam profile expansion board is plugged in the annular slot of cam, and basic circle expansion board is plugged in the annular slot of cam base circle plate, two pieces of slide block adjustment bearings are vertically fixed on the second panel side by side, two pieces of slide blocks are adjusted bearing with one piece of slide block respectively and are connected by sliding pair, and are fixed with a guide bar receiver respectively, described slide block adjustment bearing offers multiple threaded hole, and two guide bar receivers adjust bearing respectively and are connected by screw at a threaded hole place with corresponding slide block, the center of rotation of described static guide rod and motion guide rod all vertically alignment cam, and be all connected by sliding pair with two guide bar receivers, two guide rod springs are provided with between two guide bar receivers, two guide rod springs are nested with respectively on static guide rod and motion guide rod, and top compresses a spring pressure bar respectively, two spring pressure bars are separately fixed on static guide rod and motion guide rod, the bottom of static guide rod is stained with scale film, the top of described first pinnacle joint and the second pinnacle joint all offers jiont treatment hole, and bottom is taper, the jiont treatment hole on the first joint top, pinnacle and the bottom transition of motion guide rod are connected, and bottom is connected by cam pair with cam, the jiont treatment hole on the second joint top, pinnacle and the bottom transition of static guide rod are connected, and bottom is connected by cam pair with cam base circle plate, the afterbody of the quiet pointer of described cam angle is connected with the quiet pointer mounting groove transition fit of the second pinnacle joint sidewall, the afterbody that cam angle moves pointer is provided with the connecting link with syringe needle place plane orthogonal, and connecting link embeds in the center pit of camshaft head, described special-shaped bearing pin comprises integrated column part and parallelepiped body portion, and parallelepiped body portion is arranged on one end sidewall of column part, column part and panel rack are fixed, and parallelepiped body portion is horizontally disposed with, described characteristics of motion line chart displaying case offers the special-shaped slot matched with special-shaped pin shape shaft, and the special-shaped slot of characteristics of motion line chart displaying case is socketed on special-shaped bearing pin, the bottom of described characteristics of motion pointer is connected by sliding pair with the bottom of characteristics of motion line chart displaying case, characteristics of motion line chart plate inserts in the chart board slot of characteristics of motion line chart displaying case, the upper water truncation line parallel of the abscissa axis on characteristics of motion line chart plate and cam base circle plate, abscissa axis on characteristics of motion line chart plate is the corner of cam, and ordinate is the displacement of motion guide rod.
2. cam of rectilinear movement follower according to claim 1-train combined appliance for teaching, is characterized in that: described cam profile expansion board is for offering apertured transparent annular sheet, and inside and outside contoured surface shape is all identical with the contoured surface shape of cam; Described basic circle expansion board is for offering apertured transparent annular sheet.
3. cam of rectilinear movement follower according to claim 1-train combined appliance for teaching, it is characterized in that: initial makeup location, the head cusp of the first pinnacle joint contacts with the lift starting point of cam, and cam angle moves the identical graduation of pointer and the quiet pointed index dial of cam angle.
4. cam of rectilinear movement follower according to claim 1-train combined appliance for teaching, is characterized in that: the material of described characteristics of motion line chart plate is transparent plastic.
5. cam of rectilinear movement follower according to claim 1-train combined appliance for teaching, is characterized in that: can be the first roller joint by the first pinnacle joint replacing, the second pinnacle joint replacing be the second roller joint; The bottom of the first roller joint and the second roller joint is all hinged with roller; The described jiont treatment hole at the first roller joint top and the bottom transition of motion guide rod are connected, and the roller of bottom is connected by cam pair with cam; The described jiont treatment hole at the second roller joint top and the bottom transition of static guide rod are connected, and the roller of bottom is connected by cam pair with cam base circle plate; The afterbody of the quiet pointer of cam angle is connected with the quiet pointer mounting groove transition fit of the second roller joint sidewall.
6. cam of rectilinear movement follower according to claim 1-train combined appliance for teaching, is characterized in that: can be the first flat joint by the first pinnacle joint replacing, the second pinnacle joint replacing be the second flat joint; The described jiont treatment hole at the first flat joint top and the bottom transition of motion guide rod are connected, and bottom is connected by cam pair with cam; The jiont treatment hole at the second flat joint top and the bottom transition of static guide rod are connected, and bottom is connected by cam pair with cam base circle plate; The afterbody of the quiet pointer of cam angle is connected with the quiet pointer mounting groove transition fit of the second flat joint sidewall.
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| CN111627300A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-04 | 河海大学常州校区 | Lisa looks like presentation device of picture formation principle |
| CN111899626A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-11-06 | 浙大城市学院 | Multifunctional experiment teaching instrument and experiment method for disc-shaped cam mechanism of oscillating follower |
| CN112086003A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-12-15 | 袁昊 | Mechanical transmission demonstration workbench |
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