CN111243418A - Experiment teaching instrument and experiment method for demonstrating design of disc-shaped cam profile by reversal method - Google Patents
Experiment teaching instrument and experiment method for demonstrating design of disc-shaped cam profile by reversal method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111243418A CN111243418A CN202010118406.5A CN202010118406A CN111243418A CN 111243418 A CN111243418 A CN 111243418A CN 202010118406 A CN202010118406 A CN 202010118406A CN 111243418 A CN111243418 A CN 111243418A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
Abstract
The invention provides an experimental teaching instrument and an experimental method for demonstrating the profile of a disc cam designed by a reversal method, which can not only realize the demonstration of the motion relation of a direct-acting type plane cam mechanism, but also realize the conversion of the motion relation between the plane cam and a direct-acting driven member when the profile of the cam is designed by the reversal method, and realize the process demonstration that the cam is static and the push rod performs composite plane motion when the profile of the cam is designed by the reversal method by driving the push rod to rotate around the rotation center of the cam through a push rod bracket. The centering and offset type switching between the driven piece guide path and the cam rotation center can be realized by adjusting the horizontal displacement of the pointer on the push rod support on the guide rail of the frame beam; meanwhile, the device can also realize the replacement of the types of the tip, the roller and the flat-bottom driven piece. The device can realize the demonstration of the design process of the cam profile inversion method in the linear motion push rod disc type cam mechanism.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mechanical principle mechanics, particularly relates to cam mechanism profile design, and particularly relates to a manual plane cam profile design reversal principle experiment teaching device and an experiment method.
Background
The cam mechanism is one of the most commonly used mechanisms in mechanical equipment, and is often applied to the fields of various light industry, textile, food, traffic transportation, mechanical transmission and the like because the cam mechanism has a simple and compact structure and the cam profile can ensure that a driven part of the cam mechanism moves according to a preset motion rule.
The cam profile design in the cam mechanism is very critical, and is often difficult to understand by students when studying and designing the cam profile design, in particular to the design of a cam profile by using a reverse method in a graphical method and an analytical method.
At present, no teaching instrument for demonstrating a cam profile design method is provided in China, a cam profile is designed by combining a reversal method adopted by theoretical teaching, and in order to enable students to have perceptual knowledge on the cam profile design method, a set of experimental teaching device for demonstrating the reversal method to design a disc-shaped cam profile is designed, so that the experimental teaching device has certain help for the students to learn and understand a cam mechanism, particularly the cam profile design method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a brand-new teaching device and experimental method for demonstrating the design principle of a cam contour inversion method aiming at the experimental teaching requirement of cam contour design in the existing cam mechanism and combining the shortcomings of the existing cam mechanism teaching equipment. The device is convenient to use, can flexibly change the type of the driven part and adjust the eccentricity and the like, and can well meet the defects of an experimental teaching instrument of a cam profile curve design method.
According to the first aspect of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:
an experimental teaching instrument for demonstrating a disc-shaped cam profile designed by a reversal method is characterized by comprising a rack assembly, a plane cam assembly and a push rod assembly; the rack assembly comprises a support flat plate, support legs, a support and a fixing bolt and nut combination of the support legs; the plane cam component comprises a cam rotating handle, a rotating crank, a crank locking screw, a cam supporting bearing and a cam; the push rod assembly comprises a left adjusting support, a right adjusting support, a push rod upper guide rail, a push rod lower guide rail, a push rod support, an adjusting bolt, a locking nut, an indicating slide block, a guide rail bearing supporting shaft, an arc-shaped tail end, an eccentric indicating needle, a push rod assembly locking screw, a guide rail bearing retainer ring, a fastening clamp spring, a push rod reset spring and a reset spring limiting pin;
the support flat plate in the rack assembly is supported by support legs, and the support legs and the support flat plate are connected by fixing bolts and fastened by nuts; the panel of the support flat plate is provided with a guide rail concentric with the cam and matched with the guide rail bearing, the guide rail is provided with a mounting hole groove of the guide rail bearing, the guide rail bearing can keep static or roll in the guide rail, the guide rail is an annular sinking groove which is provided with a guide rail seal, the support flat plate is provided with an annular protruding platform concentric with the cam, the top of the protruding platform is provided with a limit structure matched with an arc-shaped tail end, the middle of the back of the support flat plate is provided with a boss, the middle of the support flat plate is provided with a concentric stepped hole for mounting the cam component, and the stepped hole is provided with an annular step for positioning the outer ring of the cam supporting bearing; a scale bar is arranged above the support flat plate and used for calibrating the offset between the cam and the push rod;
a rotating handle of the plane cam assembly is connected with a rotating crank, and the rotating crank and the tail end of the cam shaft are locked with the cam shaft through a fastening screw;
the left adjusting bracket and the right adjusting bracket in the push rod assembly are connected with the upper push rod guide rail and the lower push rod guide rail through connecting structures and are respectively positioned at two sides of the upper push rod guide rail and the lower push rod guide rail; an eccentric pointer is arranged in the center of the upper end of the push rod support and is positioned right behind the push rod, the lower end of the push rod support is an arc-shaped tail end, and the arc-shaped tail end is in high-pair contact with the annular protruding platform; a push rod bracket locking screw is arranged on the push rod bracket;
the push rod is arranged in the guide rails of the upper push rod guide rail and the lower push rod guide rail, the push rod is provided with a return spring, the lower end of the return spring is limited by a return spring limiting pin and is positioned between the upper push rod guide rail and the return spring limiting pin, and the return spring limiting pin is transversely inserted into a pin hole of the push rod and can be detached, so that the push rod can be replaced;
the left adjusting support and the right adjusting support are rectangular frames, the indicating slide block is arranged in the middle of each rectangular frame and can slide in the rectangular frame of each adjusting support, a scale indicating structure is arranged on each indicating slide block, each indicating slide block is supported by a guide rail bearing supporting shaft, a shaft shoulder is arranged at one end of each guide rail supporting shaft and used for positioning a guide rail bearing, the other end of each guide rail bearing is positioned by a guide rail bearing retainer ring, each guide rail bearing retainer ring separates each guide rail bearing from each indicating slide block, a rectangular groove is arranged at the other end of each guide rail bearing supporting shaft, and a fastening clamp spring is arranged in each rectangular groove and used for positioning and clamping the indicating;
the adjusting bolts respectively penetrate through the left adjusting bracket, the right adjusting bracket and the hollow threaded holes of the indicating slide block to form thread pairs, and the relative position of the indicating slide block in the rectangular frame can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting bolts; the adjusting bolt is provided with a locking nut and can be used for locking the adjusting bolt.
Furthermore, when the push rod bracket locking screw is locked, the bracket flat plate is fixed on the push rod bracket, the cam mechanism demonstration can be realized, and when the push rod bracket locking screw is in a non-locking state, the push rod bracket can move relative to the bracket flat plate, and the cam profile principle designed by a reverse method can be demonstrated.
Furthermore, three push rods with different bottom end structures are provided, namely a sharp-top push rod, a flat-bottom push rod and a roller push rod.
Further, when the push rod assembly rotates around the guide rail through the guide rail bearing in a fixed shaft mode, the push rod keeps in high-pair contact with the cam.
Further, the push rod assembly adjusts the relative position of the indicating slide block in the rectangular frame in the left adjusting bracket or the right adjusting bracket to realize the adjustment of the eccentricity of the cam and the push rod.
Furthermore, the type of the push rod is replaced by disassembling the spring positioning pin and the return spring, so that the design demonstration of the inversion method of the disc-shaped cam profiles of different follower types is realized.
Furthermore, the cam assembly is provided with a front cam support bearing and a rear cam support bearing, the rotary crank positions the inner ring of the rear cam support bearing, the outer ring of the rear cam support bearing is positioned by an annular step, the outer ring of the front cam support bearing is positioned by an annular step, the inner ring of the front cam support bearing is positioned by a shoulder on the camshaft, and the cam, the shoulder and the camshaft are the same part.
According to the second aspect of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:
an experimental method for demonstrating the profile of a disc cam designed by a reversal method is characterized in that any one of the experimental teaching instruments is adopted, and a first type of experimental demonstration, a second type of experimental demonstration and a third type of experimental demonstration are realized through the experimental teaching instrument;
the first type of experimental demonstration is the demonstration of the motion relation of a central push rod disc type cam mechanism, the second type of experimental demonstration is the demonstration of the motion relation of a bias linear moving disc type cam mechanism, and the third type of experimental demonstration is the demonstration of the cam profile design reversal principle; the first type of experiment demonstration and the second type of experiment demonstration can be divided into experiment demonstration of different push rods by replacing different push rods;
when the adjusting indication sliding blocks in the left adjusting bracket and the right adjusting bracket are positioned on the same horizontal line and the locking screw of the push rod bracket is in a locking state, the cam is driven to rotate by rotating the handle, so that the experimental demonstration of the motion relation of the centering push rod disk type cam mechanism is realized; different experimental demonstrations can be realized by replacing different push rods;
the eccentric adjustment of the push rod assembly is realized by adjusting the relative positions of the indicating slide blocks in the rectangular frames of the left adjusting bracket and the right adjusting bracket, and the demonstration of the motion relation of the offset push rod disc type cam mechanism is realized; different experimental demonstrations can be realized by replacing different push rods;
when the locking nut of the push rod bracket is in a non-locking state, the push rod assembly can do circular motion on the guide rail through the guide rail bearing, and the push rod keeps high-pair contact with the cam under the action of the reset spring, so that the experimental demonstration of the cam profile design reversal principle is realized.
The experimental instrument for demonstrating the cam profile curve reversal principle provided by the invention is reasonable in configuration, can be disassembled and assembled without professional technology, can realize the replacement of the type of the push rod and the adjustment of the offset distance of the push rod, and meets the teaching requirements and characteristics. And the locking nut is loosened, and the adjusting bolt is rotated to conveniently adjust the position of the sliding block in the rectangular groove, so that the eccentric adjustment of the push rod is realized. The push rod type can be replaced by detaching the spring positioning pin and the reset spring. The device easy operation, parameter adjustment is convenient, can fully demonstrate the demonstration of different push rod types and design cam profile reversal principle under the heart/biasing condition, can demonstrate theoretical content through experimental teaching, helps the student understand more vividly with the relevant teaching content of study.
Drawings
Fig. 1 and 2 are a front view and a left view of an experimental teaching device for demonstrating the design of a disc-shaped cam profile by a reverse method.
Fig. 3 and 4 are left and three-dimensional views, respectively, of the cam assembly.
Fig. 5 and 6 are front and left side views, respectively, of the push rod assembly.
Fig. 7 and 8 are a front view and a cross-sectional view of the bracket plate, respectively.
Detailed Description
The following further describes a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings and technical solutions.
An experimental teaching device for demonstrating a disc-shaped cam profile designed by a reversal method comprises a rack assembly, a plane cam assembly L and a push rod assembly G, wherein the rack assembly comprises a support flat plate J1, 2 supporting legs J2, and 2 pairs of support and supporting leg fixing bolts J3 and nuts J4; the plane cam assembly L comprises a cam rotating handle L1, a rotating crank L2, a crank locking screw L3, cam supporting bearings L4 and L5 and a cam L6; the push rod assembly G comprises adjusting brackets G1 and G5, a push rod upper guide rail G2-1, a push rod lower guide rail G2-2, a push rod G3, a push rod bracket G4, an adjusting bolt G6, a locking nut G7, an indicating slider G8, a guide rail bearing G10, a guide rail bearing supporting shaft G9, a connecting angle iron G11, a fixing bolt G12, an arc-shaped tail end G13, an eccentric indicating needle G14, a push rod assembly locking screw G15, a guide rail bearing retainer ring G16, a fastening clamp spring G17, a push rod return spring G18 and a return spring limiting pin G19. The adjusting brackets G1 and G5 are provided with scales for indicating height corresponding to the indicating slide block G8, and the eccentric indicating needle G14 is arranged in the center of the upper end of the push rod bracket G4 in a threaded connection mode and is positioned right behind the push rod G3.
The support plate J1 is fixed on the support leg J2 through a fixing bolt J3 and a nut J4. The cam assembly L is arranged on a bearing seat hole of a bracket flat plate J1, a cam support bearing L5 is sleeved on a shaft of a cam L6 during installation, then the cam support bearing L5 is arranged on the bearing seat hole of the bracket flat plate J1, then the cam support bearing L4, a rotary crank L2 and a rotary handle L1 are sequentially arranged, two cam support bearing L4 and two cam support bearing L5 are respectively arranged on respective bearing seats, the positions of all parts on a cam shaft are well defined, and finally, the rotary crank L2 is locked on the cam shaft by a crank locking screw L3.
The push rod assembly is installed in a guide rail J1-1 of a bracket flat plate J1 through a guide rail bearing G10, when the guide rail bearing G10 is installed in the guide rail J1-1, whether the push rod assembly is kept still or moves, the requirement that the sharp top of a push rod G3 is in contact with the contour of a cam L6 in a high-pair mode is met, and meanwhile, the arc-shaped tail end G13 of a push rod bracket G4 is in virtual constraint and keeps high-pair contact with an annular protruding platform J1-2 of a bracket flat plate J1.
The guide rail J1-1 is a circular ring-shaped sinking groove, the sinking groove is provided with a guide rail seal J1-5, the top of the protruding platform J1-2 is provided with a limit structure J1-6, the bracket is used for axially limiting the arc-shaped end G13, the back of the bracket flat plate J1 is provided with another circular boss J1-7, and by utilizing the boss J1-7, a concentric stepped hole J1-3 is formed in the middle of the support flat plate J1, the concentric stepped hole J1-3 is used for installing a cam module L, an annular step J1-8 is arranged in the step hole and used for positioning the outer rings of the cam support bearings L4 and L5, the rotary crank L2 can position the inner race of the cam support bearing L4, the inner race of the cam support bearing L5 is positioned by the shoulder L6-1 on the camshaft L6-2, the cam L6 with its shoulder L6-1 and camshaft L6-2 are a unitary component. And a scale bar J1-4 corresponding to the eccentricity is arranged above the support flat plate J1 and is used for calibrating the offset between the cam L6 and the push rod G3.
When in installation, firstly, the adjusting brackets G1 and G5, the push rod bracket G4, the push rod upper guide rail G2-1 and the push rod lower guide rail G2-2 are fastened into a component A through 8 groups of connecting angle irons G11 and fixing bolts G12; then, a guide rail bearing G10, a guide rail bearing retainer ring G16, an indicating slide block G8 and a fastening clamp spring G17 are sequentially arranged on a guide rail bearing supporting shaft G9 to form a guide rail supporting shaft component B; secondly, the guide rail bearings of the two sets of assembled guide rail support shaft assemblies B are sequentially arranged into a guide rail J1-1 through mounting hole grooves J1-9 on a support flat plate J1; next, the member a is assembled to the indicator slide G8 of the two rail support axle assemblies B; and thirdly, two locking nuts G7 are screwed into two adjusting bolts G6 respectively, two adjusting bolts G7 are screwed into the adjusting brackets G1 and G5 respectively, and simultaneously, a threaded hole in the center of the indicating slide block G8 is screwed into a guide hole at the bottom end of the adjusting bracket. The push rod assembly locking screw G15 is then threaded into the threaded hole. Finally, a push rod G3 is inserted into a guide hole of the push rod upper guide rail G2-1, a return spring G18 and a guide hole of the push rod lower guide rail G2-2 from top to bottom in sequence, then, the return spring G18 is compressed, a return spring limiting pin G19 is inserted into a pin hole, and an eccentric pointer G14 is screwed into the upper end of the push rod support G4.
When in use, the concrete implementation steps are as follows:
firstly, loosening a locking nut G7, rotating an adjusting bolt G6 to adjust the relative position of an indicating slide block G8 in a rectangular guide rail, when scale indicating bars on two indicating slide blocks G8 are positioned on the same horizontal line, screwing the locking nut G7, meanwhile, the rotating center of a push rod G3 and a cam L9 is in a centered position relation, the center line of the vertical push rod passes through the rotating center of the cam L9, and an eccentric indicating needle G14 is positioned at the center of a dial of a bracket flat plate J1.
And secondly, after the push rod assembly locking screw G15 is screwed, the push rod assembly G is fixed on the bracket flat plate J1, and at the moment, the tail end of the push rod G3 and the cam L6 form a plane high pair. The rotating handle L1 is manually shaken to drive the cam L6 to rotate, so that the motion demonstration of the central straight-moving pinnacle disk type cam mechanism is realized.
Thirdly, loosening the locking screw G15 and the locking nut G7 of the push rod assembly, rotating the adjusting bolt G6 to enable the relative position of the two indicating sliders G8 in the rectangular guide rail to change, at the moment, offsetting the eccentric indicating needle G14, marking that the push rod G3 is offset relative to the rotation center of the cam L9 at the moment, screwing the locking screw G15 and the locking nut G7 of the push rod assembly, manually shaking the rotating handle L1, driving the cam L6 to rotate, and realizing the motion demonstration of the offset direct-acting disc-type cam mechanism.
And fourthly, after the first step is finished, loosening the locking screw G15 of the push rod assembly, manually pushing the push rod assembly G to rotate along the guide rail J1-1 on the adjusting bracket J1, and demonstrating the inversion principle to design the cam profile curve of the centering and direct-acting cam mechanism, wherein the cam L6) is stopped, and the push rod G3 rotates and moves along the composite plane of the guide path.
And fifthly, after the first step and the third step are finished, loosening the locking screw G15 of the push rod assembly, manually pushing the push rod assembly G to integrally rotate along the guide rail J1-1 on the adjusting bracket J1, and when the cam profile curve of the offset linear cam mechanism is designed by demonstrating the reversal principle, the cam L6 is static, and the push rod G3 rotates and moves along the composite plane of the guide way.
The experimental device can conveniently replace different types of followers (different types of pushrods with different lower end structures) and realize the demonstration of the design process of the cam profile curve inversion method of different pushrods types. And pulling out the reset spring limit pin G19, detaching the original push rod and the original reset spring, installing the push rod and the reset spring of the alternative types into the upper guide rail and the lower guide rail of the push rod, inserting the spring limit pin G19 again, and finishing the replacement.
The adjusting bolt G6 is provided with two sections of threads G6-1 and G6-2, is in a ladder shape, the tail end of the adjusting bolt is a polished rod G6-3, the upper section of threads G6-1 and the adjusting bracket J1 form a first thread pair, the lower section of threads G6-2 and the indicating slide block G8 form a second thread pair, the first thread pair and the second thread pair adopt the structures with the same rotating direction, the rotating directions are right-handed and different thread pitches, the thread pitch of the first thread pair is P1, the thread pitch of the second thread pair is P2, and the corresponding moving relation when the position of the indicating slide block G8 is adjusted through the rotation of the adjusting bolt G6 is as follows:
S＝n(P1-P2)
wherein S represents the descending distance of the sliding block;
n is the number of rotation turns of the adjusting bolt;
when P1> P2, the adjusting bolt S6 rotates clockwise, indicating that the slider G8 is moving downward.
The vertical displacement difference h of the two adjusting bolts G6 and the rotational center offset e of the push rod G3 and the cam L6 also have a geometrical relationship. Assuming that the coordinates of the rotation center of the cam are (0, 0), and the coordinates of the center of the left guide rail bearing are (x)1，y1) The coordinate of the center of the guide rail bearing on the right side is (x)2，y2) Thus:
x2-x1＝L (1)
y1-y2＝h (2)
wherein L is the transverse distance between the two guide rail bearings;
r-guide rail radius;
equations (1) - (5) can be used for deducing an analytical solution of the offset e and the vertical displacement difference h, but because the relationship between the offset e and the vertical displacement difference h is nonlinear, the device performs measurement by using scales, so that theoretical calculation is reduced, and the device is very intuitive and easy to operate.
When the device is introduced in the specification, the self-made parts are taken as examples for description. Other embodiments using common standard components and corresponding combinations to achieve the functions and purposes of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An experimental teaching instrument for demonstrating a disc-shaped cam profile designed by a reversal method is characterized by comprising a rack assembly, a plane cam assembly (L) and a push rod assembly (G); the rack assembly comprises a support flat plate (J1), a support leg (J2), a fixing bolt (J3) and a nut (J4) combination of the support and the support leg; the plane cam assembly (L) comprises a cam rotating handle (L1), a rotating crank (L2), a crank locking screw (L3), a cam supporting bearing (L4, L5) and a cam (L6); the push rod assembly (G) comprises a left adjusting bracket (G1) and a right adjusting bracket (G5), a push rod upper guide rail (G2-1), a push rod lower guide rail (G2-2), a push rod (G3), a push rod bracket (G4), an adjusting bolt (G6), a locking nut (G7), an indicating slider (G8), a guide rail bearing (G10), a guide rail bearing supporting shaft (G9), an arc-shaped tail end (G13), an eccentric indicating needle (G14), a push rod assembly locking screw (G15), a guide rail bearing retainer ring (G16), a fastening clamp spring (G17), a push rod reset spring (G18) and a reset spring limiting pin (G19);
the bracket flat plate (J1) in the rack assembly (J) is supported by a support leg (J2), and the support leg (J2) and the bracket flat plate (J1) are connected by a fixing bolt (J3) and are fastened by a nut (J4); the bracket flat plate (J1) is provided with a guide rail (J1-1) concentric with the cam and matched with a guide rail bearing (G10), the guide rail (J1-1) is provided with a mounting hole groove (J1-9) of the guide rail bearing (G10), the guide rail bearing (G10) can keep static or roll in the guide rail (J1-1), the guide rail (J1-1) is a circular ring-shaped sinking groove which is provided with a guide rail seal (J1-5), the bracket flat plate (J1) is provided with a circular ring-shaped protruding platform (J1-2) concentric with the cam, the top of the protruding platform (J1-2) is provided with a limiting structure (J1-6) matched with an arc-shaped tail end (G13), the middle of the back of the bracket flat plate (J1) is provided with a boss (J1-7), the middle of the bracket flat plate (J1) is provided with a concentric hole (J1-3), the concentric stepped hole (J1-3) is used for mounting the cam module (L), and an annular step (J1-8) is arranged in the stepped hole and used for positioning the outer rings of the cam support bearings (L4 and L5); a scale bar (J1-4) is arranged above the support flat plate (J1) and is used for calibrating the offset between the cam (L6) and the push rod (G3);
the rotary handle (L1) of the plane cam assembly (L) is connected with a rotary crank (L2), and the rotary crank (L2) and the tail end of a cam shaft (L6-2) are locked with the cam shaft through a fastening screw (L3);
a left adjusting bracket (G1) and a right adjusting bracket (G5) in the push rod assembly (G) are connected with a push rod upper guide rail (G2-1) and a push rod lower guide rail (G2-2) through a connecting structure and are respectively positioned at two sides of the push rod upper guide rail (G2-1) and the push rod lower guide rail (G2-2), a push rod bracket (G4) is connected with the push rod upper guide rail (G2-1) and the push rod lower guide rail (G2-2) through a connecting structure, and the left adjusting bracket (G1), the right adjusting bracket (G5), the push rod upper guide rail (G2-1), the push rod lower guide rail (G2-2) and the push rod bracket (G4) are fixed into a component; an eccentric indicator needle (G14) is installed in the center of the upper end of the push rod bracket (G4), the eccentric indicator needle (G14) is located right behind the push rod (G3), the lower end of the push rod bracket (G4) is an arc-shaped tail end (G13), and the arc-shaped tail end (G13) is in high-pair contact with the annular protruding platform (J1-2); a push rod bracket locking screw (G15) is arranged on the push rod bracket (G4);
the push rod (G3) is arranged in the guide rails of the upper push rod guide rail (G2-1) and the lower push rod guide rail (G2-2), a return spring (G18) is arranged on the push rod (G3), the lower end of the return spring (G18) is limited by a return spring limiting pin (G19) and is positioned between the upper push rod guide rail (G2-1) and the return spring limiting pin (G19), and the return spring limiting pin (G19) is transversely inserted into the pin hole of the push rod (G3) and can be detached, so that the push rod can be replaced;
the left adjusting bracket (G1) and the right adjusting bracket (G5) are rectangular frames, the indicating slide block (G8) is arranged in the middle of each rectangular frame, the indicating slide block (G8) can slide in the rectangular frame of the adjusting bracket (G1), a scale indicating structure is arranged on the indicating slide block (G8), the indicating slide block (G8) is supported by a guide rail bearing supporting shaft (G9), one end of the guide rail supporting shaft (G9) is provided with a shaft shoulder for positioning a guide rail bearing (G10), the other end of the guide rail bearing (G10) is positioned by a guide rail bearing retainer ring (G16), the guide rail bearing retainer ring (G16) separates the guide rail bearing (G10) and the indicating slide block (G8), the other end of the guide rail bearing supporting shaft (G9) is provided with a rectangular groove, and a fastening clamp spring (G17) is arranged in the rectangular groove for indicating the positioning and clamping of the slide block (G8;
the adjusting bolt (G6) passes through the left adjusting bracket (G1) and the right adjusting bracket (G5) respectively to form a thread pair with the hollow thread hole of the indicating slide block (G8), and the relative position of the indicating slide block (G8) in the rectangular frame can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting bolt (G6); the adjusting bolt (G6) is provided with a locking nut (G7) which can be used for locking the adjusting bolt (G6).
2. The apparatus for teaching experiments on designing a cam profile according to a reverse method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bracket plate (J1) is adapted to demonstrate the cam mechanism when the push rod bracket locking screw (G15) is locked to fix the push rod bracket (G4) to the bracket plate (J1), and wherein the push rod bracket (G4) is adapted to move relative to the bracket plate (J1) when the push rod bracket locking screw (G15) is unlocked to demonstrate the principle of designing the cam profile according to the reverse method.
3. The apparatus for teaching experiments on designing a profile of a disc cam by a reverse rotation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein three kinds of push rods having different bottom end structures are provided, which are a pointed push rod, a flat push rod and a roller push rod.
4. The apparatus for teaching experiments demonstrating the design of a reverse rotation disk cam profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the push rod (G3) is kept in high pair contact with the cam (L6) while the push rod assembly (G) is pivoted about the guide rail (J1-1) by the guide rail bearing (G10).
5. The instructional laboratory instrument for demonstrating the design of a disc-type cam profile by the reversal method according to claim 1, wherein the tappet assembly (G) allows the adjustment of the eccentricity of the cam and the tappet by adjusting the relative position of the indicating slider (G8) in a rectangular frame in the left (G1) or right (G5) adjusting bracket.
6. The apparatus for teaching experiments on reverse-designed disc-type cam profiles as claimed in claim 1 wherein the reverse-designed demonstration of disc-type cam profiles of different follower types is achieved by removing the spring loaded pin (G19) and the return spring (G18) to replace the push rod type.
7. An experimental teaching instrument for demonstrating the design of a disc-type cam profile by the counter-rotating method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the cam assembly is provided with two cam support bearings (L4, L5) in front and rear, said rotary crank (L2) positions the inner race of the rear cam support bearing (L4), the outer race of said rear cam support bearing (L4) is positioned by the annular step (J1-8), the outer race of the front cam support bearing (L5) is positioned by the annular step (J1-8), the inner race of the front cam support bearing (L5) is positioned by the shoulder (L6-1) on the cam shaft (L6-2), said cam (L6), shoulder (L6-1) and cam shaft (L6-2) are the same part.
8. An experimental method for demonstrating the profile of a disc-shaped cam designed by a reversal method is characterized in that the experimental teaching instrument of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 is adopted, and a first type of experimental demonstration, a second type of experimental demonstration and a third type of experimental demonstration are realized through the experimental teaching instrument;
the first type of experimental demonstration is the demonstration of the motion relation of a central push rod disc type cam mechanism, the second type of experimental demonstration is the demonstration of the motion relation of a bias linear moving disc type cam mechanism, and the third type of experimental demonstration is the demonstration of the cam profile design reversal principle; the first type of experiment demonstration and the second type of experiment demonstration can be divided into experiment demonstration of different push rods by replacing different push rods;
when the adjusting indication sliding blocks (G8) in the left adjusting bracket (G1) and the right adjusting bracket (G5) are positioned at the same horizontal line and the push rod bracket locking screw (G15) is in a locking state, the cam (L6) is driven to rotate by rotating the handle (L1), so that the experimental demonstration of the motion relation of the central push rod disc type cam mechanism is realized; different experimental demonstrations can be realized by replacing different push rods;
the eccentric adjustment of the push rod assembly (G) is realized by adjusting the relative position of the indicating slide block (G8) in the rectangular frames of the left adjusting bracket (G1) and the right adjusting bracket (G5), and the demonstration of the motion relation of the offset push rod disc type cam mechanism is realized; different experimental demonstrations can be realized by replacing different push rods;
when the push rod bracket locking nut (G15) is in a non-locking state, the push rod assembly (G) can do circular motion on the guide rail (J1-1) through the guide rail bearing (G10), and at the moment, the push rod (G3) keeps high-side contact with the cam under the action of the return spring (G18), so that experimental demonstration of the cam profile design reversal principle is realized.
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