CN104327530B - Preparation method of flame-retardant and antistatic wood-plastic composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method of flame-retardant and antistatic wood-plastic composite material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a flame-retardant and antistatic wood-plastic composite material and relates to a wood-plastic composite material and a preparation method thereof. The invention aims at solving the problems of relatively poor flame retardance and relatively high cost of the existing antistatic wood-plastic composite material. The wood-plastic composite material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: a lignocellulosic material, thermoplastic, a lubricant, an antistatic agent, a flame retardant, a coupling agent and an inorganic filler. The method comprises the following steps: 1) performing hot mixing on the lignocellulosic material, the thermoplastic and the lubricant to obtain a hot-mixed material; 2) putting the hot-mixed material into a cold mixing machine for cold mixing, and adding the weighed antistatic agent, the flame retardant, the coupling agent and the inorganic filler into the cold mixing machine for re-mixing when the temperature is lowered to 40-60 DEG C to obtain a premix; 3) putting the premix into a twin-screw extruder to perform melting, mixing and granulation; and 4) performing extrusion molding or thermoforming to prepare the flame-retardant and antistatic wood-plastic composite material. The flame-retardant and antistatic wood-plastic composite material is used in the fields of indoor buildings, decorations, decoration materials and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wood plastic composite and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Wood plastic composite is by molten with thermoplastic polymer resin and various auxiliary agent warp for a certain proportion of lignocellulosic material
Melt a kind of novel environment-friendly composite material that the processing technique such as extrusion, injection or hot pressing are combined are prepared from.It has concurrently timber and
The two-fold advantage of plastics, the wood appearance of existing similar wood has again the water-fast, corrosion-resistant of thermoplastic and resistance to damages by worms
Advantage, and its dimensional stability is better than timber, hardness and modulus higher than thermoplastic, and production technology is flexible,
Secondary operations and recycling can be carried out, there is the prominent feature of environmental protection and unique decorative effect, effectively alleviate simultaneously
Timber resources pressure, solve plastic pollution problem.At present, WPC goods are widely used to automobile inside decoration materials
The fields such as material, construction and decoration, freight pallet, outdoor tables and chairs, packaging material, sleeper and indoor furniture.
Along with the raising of wood plastic composite production technology, the expansion of industry size and himself prominent environmental protection characteristic and solely
Special decorative effect, it gradually expands in the application of indoor field (such as door and window, floor, furniture etc.).But, due to
The thermoplastic of one of the primary raw material of wood plastic composite is good electrical insulator, after being combined with lignocellulosic material
Still fall within the non-conductor of electricity, in use easily gather substantial amounts of electrostatic charge, cause dust suction, discharge, puncture
Danger, even causes burning or blast, there is huge potential safety hazard.Additionally, wood plastic composite belongs to inflammability material
Material, which greatly limits the application of wood plastic composite, therefore at some value segments, such as meter
Calculate the fields such as unit room, Intelligent Building, high-grade office building, operating room, fabrication of electronic components workshop and munition container
Application is all restricted.Therefore, it is carried out fire-retardant and antistatic treatment is the most necessary.
Antistatic research report currently, with respect to wood plastic composite is less, the China of Publication No. CN 102382399A
Patent application discloses a kind of antistatic polyvinyl chloride based wood-plastic composite material and preparation method, uses carbon black and Conductive mica
Powder, as antistatic additive, adds a certain amount of rare-earth stabilizer simultaneously, and prepared wood powder/polyvinyl chloride composite materials has anti-
Electrostatic function and excellent mechanical property；The Chinese patent application of Publication No. CN 102627795A discloses a kind of mildew-resistant
Electrostatic prevention plastic wood composite material and preparation method thereof, the plastic substrate used is polyethylene, and antistatic additive is nylon 12 class
Polyamide elastomer macromolecule antistatic agent, with the addition of a certain amount of antimildew and antibacterial agent dual to obtain mildew-resistant antistatic simultaneously
Effect.
Although existing antistatic wood plastic composite has certain antistatic property, but cannot meet as indoor material institute
The fire resistance requirement that should possess, and have that antistatic additive addition is big, the shortcoming of high expensive, limit actual application.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve that existing antistatic wood plastic composite fire resistance is poor, and the problem of high expensive, it is provided that
A kind of flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite and preparation method thereof.
During indoor or public place use, easily gather a large amount of electrostatic charges for wood plastic composite, cause dust suction, electric discharge
Deng dangerous, simultaneously it is further contemplated that it is readily burned, and the problem that after burning, fire hazard is bigger, by add fire retardant and
Antistatic additive has fire-retardant and antistatic double effects wood plastic composite to obtain, thus expands wood and plastic composite further
The application of material.
Flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite of the present invention is by weight by 20～70 parts of lignocellulosic materials, 30～80 parts of thermoplastics
Property plastics, 1～3 part of lubricant, 2～15 parts of antistatic additive, 5～20 parts of fire retardants, 2～6 parts of coupling agents and 0～5 part are inorganic
Filler is made；Wherein the total amount of lignocellulosic material and thermoplastic is 100 parts, described antistatic additive be conductive black,
One or more in nikel powder, copper powder, graphene oxide, CNT are by arbitrarily than the mixture of composition；Described fire retardant
For expansible graphite or be expansible graphite and APP, microencapsulated powder oil, nano-aluminum hydroxide, nanometer hydroxide
One or more in magnesium, nano organic montmorillonite, nano-zinc borate are by arbitrarily than the mixture of composition.
The preparation method of above-mentioned flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite, sequentially includes the following steps:
One, weigh by weight 20～70 parts of lignocellulosic materials, 30～80 parts of thermoplastics, 1～3 part of lubricant,
2～15 parts of antistatic additive, 5～20 parts of fire retardants, 2～6 parts of coupling agents and 0～5 part of inorganic filler, wherein lignocellulosic material
It it is 100 parts with the total amount of thermoplastic；
Two, by the lignocellulosic material weighed, thermoplastic and lubricant mixed 3～10 minutes of heat in high-speed mixer,
Temperature controls, at 50～120 DEG C, to obtain hot batch mixing；
Three, hot batch mixing step 2 obtained is put to cold mixer and is carried out cold mixing, and when temperature is down to 40～60 DEG C, will weigh
Antistatic additive, fire retardant, coupling agent and inorganic filler add in cold mixer and remix 5～10 minutes, obtain premix material；
Four, premix material being put into barrel temperature is 150～190 DEG C, and die temperature is 165～190 DEG C, and screw speed is
The double screw extruder of 30～150r/min carries out melting mixing pelletize；
Five, the pellet prepared by double screw extruder is extruded into by single screw extrusion machine or conical double screw extruder again
Type, or use hot press by hot-forming, i.e. prepare flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite；
Wherein lignocellulosic material described in step one be wood powder, bamboo powder, powdered rice hulls, powder of straw, shell powder, bagasse,
One or more in flaxen fiber are by the arbitrarily ratio mixture of composition, and its granule mesh number is 40～160 mesh, and moisture content is less than 2%；
Described thermoplastic is in polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene reclaimed materials, polypropylene reclaimed material, polystyrene reclaimed materials
One or more are by arbitrarily than the mixture of composition；Described lubricant is paraffin, Tissuemat E, polypropylene wax, the poly-second of oxidation
One or more in alkene wax, stearic acid, zinc stearate, calcium stearate are by arbitrarily than the mixture of composition；Described antistatic
Agent is that one or more in conductive black, nikel powder, copper powder, graphene oxide, CNT are by arbitrarily than the mixing of composition
Thing；Described fire retardant is expansible graphite or is expansible graphite and APP, microencapsulated powder oil, nanometer hydroxide
One or more in aluminum, nano-sized magnesium hydroxide, nano organic montmorillonite, nano-zinc borate are by arbitrarily than the mixture of composition；
Described coupling agent be titanate esters, Aluminate, silane coupler, modified by maleic acid anhydride graft polyethylene, maleic anhydride grafting change
Property polypropylene, maleic anhydride grafting EP rubbers in one or more by arbitrarily than the mixture formed；Described inorganic filler
For one or more in Paris white, Pulvis Talci, flyash by arbitrarily than the mixture of composition.
The present invention utilizes expansible graphite efficient physical expandable flame retardant effect and has with antistatic additive of the present invention
Collaborative antistatic property, can effectively realize the flame-retardant and anti-static effect to polyvinyl or polypropylene base wood-plastic composite material,
Under conditions of meeting construction material flame-retardant standard requirement, it is only necessary to add a small amount of antistatic additive, i.e. can reach surface resistivity low
In 1.0 × 10-9The Standard of the electronic information system machine rooms design specification of Ω.
The present invention gives, by adding antistatic additive and fire retardant, the fire-retardant and antistatic property that wood plastic composite is good, its resistance
Combustion performance can arrive house decorative material fire-protection rating requirement, and wherein antistatic property reaches GB50174-2008, surface
Resistivity is less than 1.0 × 10-9Ω, the imparting of these performances, not only significantly reduce this kind of composite as indoor floor
Or the fire safety evaluating potential problem that other ornament materials are brought, also reduce simultaneously due to electrostatic brought to the person and other
The potential safety hazard of aspect so that the application of wood plastic composite is expanded.
Flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite prepared by the present invention not only has the most fire-retardant and antistatic property, and keeps
Good mechanical property, the high-grade office building that can be widely applied to have certain requirements fire-retardant and antistatic property, intelligence are done
The key areas such as public building, exchange room, operating room, fabrication of electronic components workshop.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to act detailed description of the invention set forth below, also includes appointing between each detailed description of the invention
Meaning combination.
Detailed description of the invention one: present embodiment flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite is wooden by 20～70 parts by weight
Fibrous material, 30～80 parts of thermoplastics, 1～3 part of lubricant, 2～15 parts of antistatic additive, 5～20 parts of fire retardants, 2～6
Part coupling agent and 0～5 part of inorganic filler are made；Wherein the total amount of lignocellulosic material and thermoplastic is 100 parts, institute
Stating antistatic additive is that one or more in conductive black, nikel powder, copper powder, graphene oxide, CNT are by arbitrarily than group
The mixture become；Described fire retardant be expansible graphite or for expansible graphite and APP, microencapsulated powder oil, receive
One or more in rice aluminium hydroxide, nano-sized magnesium hydroxide, nano organic montmorillonite, nano-zinc borate are by arbitrarily than composition
Mixture.
Detailed description of the invention two: present embodiment is unlike detailed description of the invention one: described lignocellulosic material is wood
One or more in powder, bamboo powder, powdered rice hulls, powder of straw, shell powder, bagasse, flaxen fiber are by arbitrarily mixing than composition
Compound, its granule mesh number is 40～160 mesh, and moisture content is less than 2%.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention three: present embodiment is unlike detailed description of the invention one or two: described thermoplastic is
One or more in polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene reclaimed materials, polypropylene reclaimed material, polystyrene reclaimed materials are by arbitrarily
Mixture than composition.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one or two.
Detailed description of the invention four: present embodiment is unlike one of detailed description of the invention one to three: described lubricant is
One or several in paraffin, Tissuemat E, polypropylene wax, OPE, stearic acid, zinc stearate, calcium stearate
Plant by arbitrarily than the mixture of composition.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to three.
Detailed description of the invention five: present embodiment is unlike one of detailed description of the invention one to four: described coupling agent is
Titanate esters, Aluminate, silane coupler, modified by maleic acid anhydride graft polyethylene, maleic anhydride grafted PP, horse
One or more in maleic anhydride grafted EP rubbers (EPDM-MA) are by arbitrarily than the mixture of composition.Other is with concrete
One of embodiment one to four is identical.
Detailed description of the invention six: present embodiment is unlike one of detailed description of the invention one to five: described inorganic filler
For one or more in Paris white, Pulvis Talci, flyash by arbitrarily than the mixture of composition.Other and specific embodiment party
One of formula one to five is identical.
Detailed description of the invention seven: the preparation method of present embodiment flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite, sequentially includes the following steps:
One, weigh by weight 20～70 parts of lignocellulosic materials, 30～80 parts of thermoplastics, 1～3 part of lubricant,
2～15 parts of antistatic additive, 5～20 parts of fire retardants, 2～6 parts of coupling agents and 0～5 part of inorganic filler, wherein lignocellulosic material
It it is 100 parts with the total amount of thermoplastic；
Two, by the lignocellulosic material weighed, thermoplastic and lubricant mixed 3～10 minutes of heat in high-speed mixer,
Temperature controls, at 50～120 DEG C, to obtain hot batch mixing；
Three, hot batch mixing step 2 obtained is put to cold mixer and is carried out cold mixing, and when temperature is down to 40～60 DEG C, will weigh
Antistatic additive, fire retardant, coupling agent and inorganic filler add in cold mixer and remix 5～10 minutes, obtain premix material；
Four, premix material being put into barrel temperature is 150～190 DEG C, and die temperature is 165～190 DEG C, and screw speed is
The double screw extruder of 30～150r/min carries out melting mixing pelletize；
Five, the pellet prepared by double screw extruder is extruded into by single screw extrusion machine or conical double screw extruder again
Type, or use hot press by hot-forming, i.e. prepare flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite；
Wherein lignocellulosic material described in step one be wood powder, bamboo powder, powdered rice hulls, powder of straw, shell powder, bagasse,
One or more in flaxen fiber are by the arbitrarily ratio mixture of composition, and its granule mesh number is 40～160 mesh, and moisture content is less than 2%；
Described thermoplastic is in polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene reclaimed materials, polypropylene reclaimed material, polystyrene reclaimed materials
One or more are by arbitrarily than the mixture of composition；Described lubricant is paraffin, Tissuemat E, polypropylene wax, the poly-second of oxidation
One or more in alkene wax, stearic acid, zinc stearate, calcium stearate are by arbitrarily than the mixture of composition；Described antistatic
Agent is that one or more in conductive black, nikel powder, copper powder, graphene oxide, CNT are by arbitrarily than the mixing of composition
Thing；Described fire retardant is expansible graphite or is expansible graphite and APP, microencapsulated powder oil, nanometer hydroxide
One or more in aluminum, nano-sized magnesium hydroxide, nano organic montmorillonite, nano-zinc borate are by arbitrarily than the mixture of composition；
Described coupling agent be titanate esters, Aluminate, silane coupler, modified by maleic acid anhydride graft polyethylene, maleic anhydride grafting change
Property polypropylene, maleic anhydride grafting EP rubbers in one or more by arbitrarily than the mixture formed；Described inorganic filler
For one or more in Paris white, Pulvis Talci, flyash by arbitrarily than the mixture of composition.
Detailed description of the invention eight: present embodiment is unlike detailed description of the invention seven: in step 2, temperature controls
80℃.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention seven.
Detailed description of the invention nine: present embodiment is unlike detailed description of the invention seven or eight: treat in step 3 that temperature drops
To 50 DEG C.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention seven or eight.
Detailed description of the invention ten: present embodiment is unlike one of detailed description of the invention seven to nine: will be pre-in step 4
Barrel temperature put into by batch mixing is 155～185 DEG C, and die temperature is 180 DEG C, and screw speed is that the twin screw of 80r/min squeezes
Go out and machine carries out melting mixing pelletize.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention seven to nine.
Embodiment 1:
The preparation method of the present embodiment flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite, sequentially includes the following steps:
One, by 60 parts of wood powders, 40 parts of polypropylene and 1.5 parts of lubricants mixed 8 minutes of heat, temperature controls in high-speed mixer
System, at 80 DEG C, obtains hot batch mixing；Described lubricant is made up of paraffin and stearic acid 2:1 in mass ratio；
Two, hot batch mixing step 2 obtained is put to cold mixer and is carried out cold mixing, and when temperature is down to 50 DEG C, leads 3 parts
Electricity white carbon black, 3 parts of maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylenes, 5 parts of APPs, 15 parts of expansible graphites addition cold mixers remix
10 minutes, obtain premix material；
Three, premix material is put into barrel temperature be 155～185 DEG C, die temperature be 180 DEG C, screw speed is 30r/min
Double screw extruder in carry out melting mixing pelletize；
Four, the pellet obtained is put into temperature be 155～185 DEG C, die temperature be 180 DEG C, screw speed is 30r/min
Single screw extrusion machine in carry out extrusion molding, i.e. prepare flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite.
In step one, the moisture content of wood powder is less than 2%, and the granule mesh number of wood powder is 40～80 mesh.
Embodiment 2:
The preparation method of the present embodiment flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite, sequentially includes the following steps:
One, by 50 parts of wood powders, 50 parts of polypropylene and 1 part of lubricant mixed 8 minute of heat in high-speed mixer, temperature controls
At 80 DEG C, obtain hot batch mixing；Described lubricant is made up of paraffin and stearic acid 1:1 in mass ratio；
Two, hot batch mixing step 2 obtained is put to cold mixer and is carried out cold mixing, and when temperature is down to 50 DEG C, leads 3 parts
Electricity white carbon black, 6 parts of macromolecule permanent antistatic agents, 5 parts of APPs, 10 parts of expansible graphites, 2 parts of maleic anhydrides connect
Branch polypropylene and 1 part of Paris white addition cold mixer remix 10 minutes, obtains premix material；
Three, premix material is put into barrel temperature be 155～185 DEG C, die temperature be 180 DEG C, screw speed is 80r/min
Double screw extruder in carry out melting mixing pelletize；
Four, the pellet obtained is put into temperature be 155～185 DEG C, die temperature be 180 DEG C, screw speed is 30r/min
Single screw extrusion machine in carry out extrusion molding, i.e. prepare flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite.
In step one, the moisture content of wood powder is less than 2%, and the granule mesh number of wood powder is 80～100 mesh.
Embodiment 3:
The preparation method of the present embodiment flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite, sequentially includes the following steps:
One, by 60 parts of wood powders, 40 parts of polypropylene and 1.5 parts of lubricants mixed 10 minutes of heat, temperature controls in high-speed mixer
System, at 80 DEG C, obtains hot batch mixing；Described lubricant is made up of paraffin and stearic acid 2:1 in mass ratio；
Two, hot batch mixing step 2 obtained is put to cold mixer and is carried out cold mixing, and when temperature is down to 50 DEG C, leads 8 parts
Electricity white carbon black, 2 parts of nikel powders, 15 parts of expansible graphites, 4 parts of maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylenes and 1 part of Pulvis Talci add cold mixer
In remix 10 minutes, obtain premix material；
Three, premix material is put into barrel temperature be 155～175 DEG C, die temperature be 180 DEG C, screw speed is 60r/min
Double screw extruder in carry out melting mixing pelletize；
Four, the pellet obtained is put into temperature be 155～185 DEG C, die temperature be 185 DEG C, screw speed is 30r/min
Single screw extrusion machine in carry out extrusion molding, i.e. prepare flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite.
In step one, the moisture content of wood powder is less than 2%, and the granule mesh number of wood powder is 80～100 mesh.
Embodiment 4:
The preparation method of the present embodiment flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite, sequentially includes the following steps:
One, by 60 parts of wood powders, 40 parts of polypropylene and 1.5 parts of lubricants mixed 10 minutes of heat, temperature controls in high-speed mixer
System, at 80 DEG C, obtains hot batch mixing；Described lubricant is made up of paraffin and stearic acid 2:1 in mass ratio；
Two, hot batch mixing step 2 obtained is put to cold mixer and is carried out cold mixing, and when temperature is down to 40 DEG C, leads 4 parts
In electricity white carbon black, 4 parts of microencapsulated powder oil, 12 parts of expansible graphites, 4 parts of maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene addition cold mixers again
Mix 10 minutes, obtain premix material；
Three, premix material is put into barrel temperature be 155～190 DEG C, die temperature be 180 DEG C, screw speed is 80r/min
Double screw extruder in carry out melting mixing pelletize；
Four, the pellet obtained is put into temperature be 155～185 DEG C, die temperature be 185 DEG C, screw speed is 30r/min
Single screw extrusion machine in carry out extrusion molding, i.e. prepare flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite.
In step one, the moisture content of wood powder is less than 2%, and the granule mesh number of wood powder is 40～80 mesh.
Fire-retardant, the antistatic of embodiment 1-4 product and mechanical performance index are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 embodiment 1-4 product related performance indicators
The present invention gives, by adding antistatic additive and fire retardant, the fire-retardant and antistatic property that wood plastic composite is good, its resistance
Combustion performance can arrive house decorative material fire-protection rating requirement, and wherein antistatic property reaches GB50174-2008, surface
Resistivity is less than 1.0 × 10-9Ω, the imparting of these performances, not only significantly reduce this kind of composite as indoor floor
Or the fire safety evaluating potential problem that other ornament materials are brought, also reduce simultaneously due to electrostatic brought to the person and other
The potential safety hazard of aspect so that the application of wood plastic composite is expanded.
Claims (2)
1. the preparation method of flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite, it is characterised in that the method sequentially includes the following steps:
One, by 60 parts of wood powders, 40 parts of polypropylene and 1.5 parts of lubricant mixed 8 minutes of heat in high-speed mixer, temperature controls
At 80 DEG C, obtain hot batch mixing；Described lubricant is made up of paraffin and stearic acid 2:1 in mass ratio；
Two, hot batch mixing step one obtained is put to cold mixer and is carried out cold mixing, when temperature is down to 50 DEG C, by 3 parts of conductions
White carbon black, 3 parts of maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylenes, 5 parts of APPs, 15 parts of expansible graphites addition cold mixers remix 10
Minute, obtain premix material；
Three, premix material is put into barrel temperature be 155～185 DEG C, die temperature be 180 DEG C, screw speed is 30r/min
Double screw extruder in carry out melting mixing pelletize；
Four, the pellet obtained is put into temperature be 155～185 DEG C, die temperature be 180 DEG C, screw speed is 30r/min
Single screw extrusion machine in carry out extrusion molding, i.e. prepare flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite；
In step one, the moisture content of wood powder is less than 2%, and the granule mesh number of wood powder is 40～80 mesh.
2. the preparation method of flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite, it is characterised in that the method sequentially includes the following steps:
One, by 60 parts of wood powders, 40 parts of polypropylene and 1.5 parts of lubricants mixed 10 minutes of heat, temperature controls in high-speed mixer
System, at 80 DEG C, obtains hot batch mixing；Described lubricant is made up of paraffin and stearic acid 2:1 in mass ratio；
Two, hot batch mixing step one obtained is put to cold mixer and is carried out cold mixing, when temperature is down to 40 DEG C, by 4 parts of conductions
White carbon black, 4 parts of microencapsulated powder oil, 12 parts of expansible graphites, 4 parts of maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylenes addition cold mixers mix again
Close 10 minutes, obtain premix material；
Three, premix material is put into barrel temperature be 155～190 DEG C, die temperature be 180 DEG C, screw speed is 80r/min
Double screw extruder in carry out melting mixing pelletize；
Four, the pellet obtained is put into temperature be 155～185 DEG C, die temperature be 185 DEG C, screw speed is 30r/min
Single screw extrusion machine in carry out extrusion molding, i.e. prepare flame-retardant and anti-static wood plastic composite；
In step one, the moisture content of wood powder is less than 2%, and the granule mesh number of wood powder is 40～80 mesh.
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