CN104318853A - Cam reverse rotation principle demonstration instrument - Google Patents
Cam reverse rotation principle demonstration instrument Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104318853A CN104318853A CN201410664486.9A CN201410664486A CN104318853A CN 104318853 A CN104318853 A CN 104318853A CN 201410664486 A CN201410664486 A CN 201410664486A CN 104318853 A CN104318853 A CN 104318853A
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- Prior art keywords
- cam
- push rod
- bearing
- shaft
- installing plate
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
Abstract
The invention discloses a cam reverse rotation principle demonstration instrument. A first support and a second support are arranged side by side. An installation plate is arranged on the outer side of the first support, a displacement line drawing board is fixed to the upper portion of the installation plate, LED lamps are installed on the displacement line drawing board, and a stepping motor is installed on a supporting frame and connected with an axle on the outer side of the first support through a coupler. A first guide plate is installed over the installation plate, a first roller shaft is arranged at one end of a first push rod, a first pointer is fixedly installed at the other end of the first push rod, and a driving gear is in meshing connection with a driven gear. A second guide plate is fixed to a center plate of the driven gear, and the outer circle of a second bearing is attached to the periphery of a right cam. The cam reverse rotation principle demonstration instrument not only can demonstrate the design process of the cam profile curve reverse rotation method but also can reflect the movement rule of the push rod of the cam. The real movement state that the cam rotates forwards while the push rod does not move and the hypothetical movement state that the push rod moves while the cam is fixed are compared, the principle of the cam reverse rotation method can be understood clearly, and the movement track of the push rod is shown again.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical principle teaching equipment, for the apparatus for demonstrating of mechanical principle cam motion, particularly cam inversion principle demonstrator.
Background technology
The ultimate principle of design of cam profile curve institute foundation is reversal process principle.As shown in Figure 1, a biased translation apex throwout lever disk cam organization is provided with.The axis of its push rod and cam turn round between the o of axle center an offset distance e.When cam rotates around axle o with angular velocity omega, push rod realizes the motion expected under the promotion of cam.Now imagine and add a common angles speed-ω to whole cam mechanism, make it rotate around axle center o.At this moment the relative motion between cam and push rod does not change, but now cam is by transfixion, push rod then rotates around axle center o with angular velocity-ω with its guide rail on the one hand, successively through the position of a, b, c, d, does again the to-and-fro movement expected on the other hand in guide rail.Now, push rod is in this compound motion, and its pinnacle movement locus is cam profile curve, then draw according to the heterodromous track of push rod the reversal process principle that cam profile curve is design of cam profile curve.
This cam reversal process principle is that mechanical principle course cam mechanism learns very part and parcel, but can only state from theory in teaching at present, only have simple figure writing on the blackboard, and there is no concrete demonstrating model, so that just the student of contact machinery is difficult to understand, and study has very large difficulty.
Summary of the invention
In order to the method for designing better allowing Students ' Learning understand cam inversion principle, the invention provides a kind of instructional device, can know and understand cam reversal process principle, reproduce the movement locus of push rod simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, the present invention by the following technical solutions.Cam inversion principle demonstrator, comprise: framework, stepper motor, driver displacement line chart board, the below of framework is provided with leg, framework internal fixtion has base plate, base plate is installed with support respectively, Switching Power Supply, driver, PLC, installing plate, first bearing and the second bearing, first bearing and the second bearing arranged side by side, the arranged outside of the first bearing has installing plate, displacement line chart board is fixed with and displacement line chart board is provided with LED above installing plate, the through hole corresponding with the first bearing axis hole is provided with in the middle of installing plate, wheel shaft passes through hole and the first bearing axis hole of installing plate, driving gear and left cam the wheel shaft of installing plate outer end be equipped with from the inside to the outside, the first cam header board is equipped with in the outside of left cam, support is provided with stepper motor, stepper motor connects the wheel shaft of the first support outer by shaft coupling, first guide plate is installed directly over installing plate, the centre of the first guide plate is provided with guide groove, guide groove is built with the first push rod, one end of first push rod is provided with the first Roller Shaft, the other end is fixedly equipped with the first pointer, clutch shaft bearing is loaded in the first Roller Shaft, fit in the cylindrical of clutch shaft bearing and the periphery of left cam, driving gear and follower gear are connected with a joggle, the former of follower gear is fixed with the second guide plate, guide groove in the middle of second guide plate is built with the second push rod, one end of second push rod is provided with the second Roller Shaft, the other end is fixedly equipped with the second pointer, second bearing is loaded in the second Roller Shaft, fit in the cylindrical of the second bearing and the periphery of right cam, right cam is installed on one end of rotating shaft, the second cam header board is equipped with in the outside of right cam, follower gear is arranged on one end of tubular shaft, tubular shaft is fixed on the second bearing, and the other end of rotating shaft to be through in tubular shaft and to be fixed by pin, Switching Power Supply connects driver, and driver connects stepper motor respectively and PLC, PLC connect LED.
The present invention is by PLC and driver control, and control system makes driving gear and follower gear gear motion under specifically arranging.Left cam running on driving gear, make the first guide plate guide groove built with the first push rod move up and down, the displacement of the first push rod is shown by LED bright light on displacement line chart plate; The guide groove of the second guide plate fixing on follower gear former built with the second push rod move up and down with gear, make circumferential movement along right cam profile curve, and right cam maintains static, all devices are stabilized on base plate, and base plate is positioned at again on framework simultaneously.
Cam inversion principle demonstrator of the present invention, wherein said left cam rotates with driving gear, and the first push rod only moves up and down, and this deduces for rotating forward.
Cam inversion principle demonstrator of the present invention, wherein said follower gear and driving gear gear motion, the second push rod moves up and down and rotates along right cam profile curve, and right cam is motionless, and this is reversion deduction.
The present invention is rotated by the left cam on driving gear and push rod, pointer move up and down, and displacement is shown on displacement line chart plate, and principle is explained more thorough by the demonstration of image, makes student understandable.PLC controls, specifically arranging lower drive driving gears, mechanical creative design to be applied in daily teaching in the mode of electric-mechanic control system.By the design of PLC program, make teaching aid have more good observation, the contact between rotating principle can be experienced in slow motion.Fully demonstrate the reversal process principle of design of cam profile curve.Cam profile curve reversal process design process can not only be demonstrated, and its pushrod movement rule can be reflected.By real cam just then push rod is motionless, reverse with the pushrod movement of imagination and cam is fixed two kinds of motion states and put together and contrast, know and understand cam reversal process principle, reproduce the movement locus of push rod simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is cam inversion principle schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the structural front view of cam inversion principle demonstrator of the present invention.
Fig. 3 be in Fig. 2 A-A to schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the left view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the right view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is left and right of the present invention cam mounting structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is electrical equipment functional-block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 8 a is cam inversion principle demonstrator original state schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 8 b is cam inversion principle demonstrator duty rise schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 8 c is that cam inversion principle demonstrator duty of the present invention far stops schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 d is cam inversion principle demonstrator duty backhaul schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 8 e is that cam inversion principle demonstrator duty of the present invention closely stops schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 f is cam inversion principle demonstrator reset condition schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure: 1, framework, 2, leg, 3, base plate, 4, installing plate, 5a, first push rod system, 5b, second push rod system, 6, first bearing, 7, second bearing, 8, follower gear, 9, second cam header board, 10a, clutch shaft bearing, 10b, second bearing, 11a, first guide plate, 11b, second guide plate, 12a, first push rod, 12b, second push rod, 13a, first Roller Shaft, 13b, second Roller Shaft, 14, displacement line chart board, 15, LED, 16a, first pointer, 16b, second pointer, 17, first cam header board, 18, driving gear, 19, Switching Power Supply, 20, stepper motor, 21, support, 22, driver, 23, shaft coupling, 24, left cam, 25, wheel shaft, 26, right cam, 27, rotating shaft, 28, tubular shaft, 29, pin, 30, PLC.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.See Fig. 2 to Fig. 7, cam inversion principle demonstrator, comprise: framework 1, stepper motor 20, driver 22 displacement line chart board 14, the below of framework 1 is provided with leg 2, framework 1 internal fixtion has base plate 3, base plate 3 is installed with support 21 respectively, Switching Power Supply 19, driver 22, PLC30, installing plate 4, first bearing 6 and the second bearing 7, first bearing 6 and the second bearing 7 arranged side by side, the arranged outside of the first bearing 6 has installing plate 4, displacement line chart board 14 is fixed with and displacement line chart board 14 is provided with LED 15 above installing plate 4, the through hole corresponding with the first bearing 6 axis hole is provided with in the middle of installing plate 4, wheel shaft 25 passes through hole and first bearing 6 axis hole of installing plate 4, driving gear 18 and left cam 24 wheel shaft 25 of installing plate 4 outer end be equipped with from the inside to the outside, the first cam header board 17 is equipped with in the outside of left cam 24, support 21 is provided with stepper motor 20, stepper motor 20 connects the wheel shaft 25 outside the first bearing 6 by shaft coupling 23, first guide plate 11a is installed directly over installing plate 4, the centre of the first guide plate 11a is provided with guide groove, guide groove is built with the first push rod 12a, one end of first push rod 12a is provided with the first Roller Shaft 13a, the other end is fixedly equipped with the first pointer 16a, clutch shaft bearing 10a is loaded on the first Roller Shaft 13a, fit in the cylindrical of clutch shaft bearing 10a and the periphery of left cam 24, driving gear 18 and follower gear 8 are connected with a joggle, the former of follower gear 8 is fixed with the second guide plate 11b, guide groove in the middle of second guide plate 11b is built with the second push rod 12b, one end of second push rod 12b is provided with the second Roller Shaft 13b, the other end is fixedly equipped with the second pointer 16b, second bearing 10b is loaded on the second Roller Shaft 13b, fit in the cylindrical of the second bearing 10b and the periphery of right cam 26, right cam 26 is installed on one end of rotating shaft 27, the second cam header board 9 is equipped with in the outside of right cam 26, follower gear 8 is arranged on one end of tubular shaft 28, tubular shaft 28 is fixed on the second bearing 7, the other end of rotating shaft 27 to be through in tubular shaft 28 and to be fixed by pin 29, Switching Power Supply 19 connects driver 22, and driver 22 connects stepper motor 20 respectively and PLC30, PLC30 connect LED 15.
Cam inversion principle demonstrator of the present invention, the motion of PLC30 control step motor 20, stepper motor 20 is connected with wheel shaft 25 by shaft coupling 23, and wheel shaft 25 is through the first bearing 6, and the center of wheel shaft 25 is fixed by shaft coupling 23 and the first bearing 6.Driving gear 18 and left cam 24 are fixed on wheel shaft 25, and the first guide plate 11a, the first push rod 12a, clutch shaft bearing 10a, the first Roller Shaft 13a and the first pointer 16a form the first push rod system 5a, and are fixed on installing plate 4.When driving gear 18 operates, left cam 24 rotates and promotes clutch shaft bearing 10a and the first push rod 12a is moved up and down, and the first pointer 16a also just points out that in first cam header board 17(Fig. 2, ringlet is cam, and great circle is pitch curve) profile.LED 15 on displacement line chart board 14 is lighted successively from right to left, has showed the characteristics of motion of push rod.Above-mentioned part is that cam rotates forward.
Be illustrated in figure 7 the electric control system of cam inversion principle demonstrator of the present invention, comprise Switching Power Supply 19, stepper motor 20, driver 22, PLC30.Switching Power Supply 19 connects driver 22, and driver 22 connects stepper motor 20 respectively and PLC30, PLC30 connect LED 15.The driver 22 that Switching Power Supply 19 is stepper motor 20, PLC30 provide the electric current of suitable size, PLC30 downloads and after having stored program, the signal controlling size and Orientation is sent to driver 22, sent the pulse in instruction speed and direction to stepper motor 20 by driver 22, the speed of control step motor 20 and turning to, thus realize the action of stepper motor 20.The LED 15 of PLC30 simultaneously also on command displacement line chart plate 14, the order bright by the programmed control lamp of write and time.This electric control system combines with mechanical part, ideally illustrates electromechanical integrated product.
Follower gear 8 is connected with tubular shaft 28, and rotating shaft 27 is through tubular shaft 28.Right cam 26 is fixed in rotating shaft 27, and rotating shaft 27 is fixed on base plate 3 by pin 29 again.Driving gear 18 operates, follower gear 8 engages with it, in second cam header board 9(Fig. 2, ringlet is cam base circle, great circle is pitch curve), the second push rod system 5b of forming of the second guide plate 11b, the second push rod 12b, the second bearing 10b, the second Roller Shaft 13b, the second pointer 16b, and to be installed on follower gear 8.Driving gear 18 operates, and follower gear 8 engages with driving gear 18 and does counter motion, and follower gear 8 promotes the second bearing 10b makes the second push rod 12b of the second push rod system 5b move up and down, and does circumference running along right cam 26 contour curve simultaneously.Above-mentioned part is cam reversion.
As shown in Figure 2, first and second guide block 11a, 11b, first and second push rod 12a, 12b, first and second bearing 10a, 10b, first and second Roller Shaft 13a, 13b, first and second pointer 16a, 16b are corresponding respectively forms two push rod systems.First guide plate 11a is fixed on installing plate 4, second guide plate 11b is arranged on follower gear 8, first and second bearing 10a, 10b are arranged on first and second push rod 12a, 12b by first and second Roller Shaft 13a, 13b correspondence, first and second push rod 12a, 12b can be moved up and down in the guide groove of first and second guide plate 11a, 11b, first and second pointer 16a, 16b are arranged on first and second push rod 12a, 12b, along with first and second push rod 12a, 12b motion, indicate the contour curve of cam simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 2, driving gear 18 and follower gear 8 engage composition gear drive, and driving gear 18 and left cam 24 operate with wheel shaft 25, and the first push rod system 5a is arranged on installing plate 4, left cam 24 rotates, and the first push rod 12a of the first push rod system 5a only moves up and down.Follower gear 8 is installed the second push rod system 5b, follower gear 8 operates, and the second push rod system 5b moves up and down along right cam 26, makes circumferential movement along right cam 26 profile simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 2, when left cam 24 rotates, the first push rod 12a of the first push rod system 5a moves up and down, and drives the first pointer 16a to move up and down the position of the motion outline of instruction cam; Because right cam 26 maintains static, when follower gear 8 rotates, be fixedly mounted on the second guide plate 11b on follower gear 8 former, the second push rod 12b in described second guide plate 11b can move up and down because right cam 26 outer promotes the second bearing 10b, second bearing 10b profile along right cam 26 makes circumferential movement, thus make the second pointer 16b move up and down the position of the motion outline of instruction cam.
As shown in Figure 2, driving gear 18 rotates forward, follower gear 8 is engaged with reversion, when turning to certain position, on displacement line chart board 14, the LED 15 of correspondence position brightens from right to left successively, indicates the first push rod system 5a and the corresponding displacement of the second push rod system 5b.
The cam inversion principle demonstrator course of work of the present invention is with reference to sketch 8a to 8f, and be described for the left side first cam mechanism moving situation, the right cam mechanism motion conditions is with reference to described left side cam mechanism motion state.
As shown in Figure 8 a, be the original operating state of cam inversion principle demonstrator of the present invention demonstration, after switching on power, the first lamp bright (can set this as green light) in indication LED lamp 15 on displacement line chart board 14, as power light and rise stage pilot lamp.
As shown in Figure 8 b, be the rise stage that cam inversion principle demonstrator of the present invention is demonstrated.During initial position, left cam 24 contacts with clutch shaft bearing 10a, is now the extreme lower position of the first push rod 12a.Stepper motor 20 drives wheel shaft 25 to rotate, left cam 24 is also along with rotation, clutch shaft bearing 10a moves, owing to being now rise state, first pointer 16a moves up, until the first push rod 12a arrives highest position, now the second lamp bright (from right to left) in rise indication LED lamp 15 on displacement line chart board 14.The process that first push rod 12a is pulled to extreme higher position by extreme lower position is called rise.
As shown in Figure 8 c, be that the far away of cam inversion principle demonstrator of the present invention demonstration stops the stage.After the rise stage terminates, push rod arrives extreme higher position.Left cam 24 is rotated further, and clutch shaft bearing 10a is motionless, and the first push rod 12a is motionless, and displacement is that the zero, first pointer 16a indicates cam displacement, and on displacement line chart board 14, in LED 15, the 3rd lamp and the bright instruction of the 4th lamp are far stopped.Be take cam center as one section of circular arc in the center of circle due to this cam contour, the first push rod 12a will be in extreme higher position transfixion, and this process is called far stops.
As shown in figure 8d, be the backhaul stage that cam inversion principle demonstrator of the present invention is demonstrated.Arrive extreme lower position at the far away final stage first push rod 12a of stopping, left cam 24 is rotated further, and the first push rod 12a moves from top to bottom, and the first pointer 16a indicates cam displacement, on displacement line chart board 14 in backhaul indication LED lamp 15 the 5th lamp and the 6th lamp bright.First push rod 12a gets back to extreme lower position from extreme higher position, and this process is called backhaul.
As figure 8 e shows, be that the near of cam inversion principle demonstrator of the present invention demonstration stops the stage.Extreme lower position is arrived at backhaul stage first push rod 12a, left cam 24 is rotated further, clutch shaft bearing 10a is motionless, first push rod 12a is motionless, displacement is that the zero, first pointer 16a indicates cam displacement, and near on displacement line chart board 14 to stop the 7th lamp, the 8th lamp and the 9th lamp in indication LED lamp 15 bright. be take cam center as one section of circular arc in the center of circle due to this cam contour, first push rod 12a will in extreme lower position transfixion, and this process is called closely stops.
As illustrated in fig. 8f, be the whole motion completion status figure of cam inversion principle demonstrator of the present invention.After nearly process of stopping terminates, on displacement line chart board 14, in indication LED lamp 15, all lamps are all shinny, until EOP (end of program) or cut off the electricity supply.
In the present invention, control assembly model is as follows:
1, controller: adopt programmable controller PLC/CPU224XP transistor-type;
2, stepper motor: adopt 57H56 stepper motor;
3, driver: adopt CY-6560-A6L stepper motor driver;
4, Switching Power Supply model is: NES-150-24.
In the present invention, mechanical part material is as follows:
1, mechanical part: cam, gear (m=1, z=120), wheel shaft, rotating shaft, tubular shaft, Roller Shaft, base plate, installing plate, push rod are nylon material;
2, shaft coupling, the support of SK35 vertical shaft, rectangular parallelepiped aluminum section bar frame are aluminium alloy;
3, displacement line chart board is organic glass; Screw, nut, pin are Q235;
4, guide plate, cam header board, pointer adopt iron plate or aluminium sheet to make.
Claims (1)
1. cam inversion principle demonstrator, comprise: framework, stepper motor, driver, displacement line chart board, it is being characterised in that, the below of framework is provided with leg, framework internal fixtion has base plate, base plate is installed with support respectively, Switching Power Supply, driver, PLC, installing plate, first bearing and the second bearing, first bearing and the second bearing arranged side by side, the arranged outside of the first bearing has installing plate, displacement line chart board is fixed with and displacement line chart board is provided with LED above installing plate, the through hole corresponding with the first bearing axis hole is provided with in the middle of installing plate, wheel shaft passes through hole and the first bearing axis hole of installing plate, driving gear and left cam the wheel shaft of installing plate outer end be equipped with from the inside to the outside, the first cam header board is equipped with in the outside of left cam, support is provided with stepper motor, stepper motor connects the wheel shaft of the first support outer by shaft coupling, first guide plate is installed directly over installing plate, the centre of the first guide plate is provided with guide groove, guide groove is built with the first push rod, one end of first push rod is provided with the first Roller Shaft, the other end is fixedly equipped with the first pointer, clutch shaft bearing is loaded in the first Roller Shaft, fit in the cylindrical of clutch shaft bearing and the periphery of left cam, driving gear and follower gear are connected with a joggle, the former of follower gear is fixed with the second guide plate, guide groove in the middle of second guide plate is built with the second push rod, one end of second push rod is provided with the second Roller Shaft, the other end is fixedly equipped with the second pointer, second bearing is loaded in the second Roller Shaft, fit in the cylindrical of the second bearing and the periphery of right cam, right cam is installed on one end of rotating shaft, the second cam header board is equipped with in the outside of right cam, follower gear is arranged on one end of tubular shaft, tubular shaft is fixed on the second bearing, and the other end of rotating shaft to be through in tubular shaft and to be fixed by pin, Switching Power Supply connects driver, and driver connects stepper motor respectively and PLC, PLC connect LED.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410664486.9A CN104318853B (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2014-11-20 | Cam inversion principle demonstrator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410664486.9A CN104318853B (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2014-11-20 | Cam inversion principle demonstrator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104318853A true CN104318853A (en) | 2015-01-28 |
| CN104318853B CN104318853B (en) | 2016-05-04 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410664486.9A Expired - Fee Related CN104318853B (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2014-11-20 | Cam inversion principle demonstrator |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN104318853B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104732866A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-06-24 | 武汉科技大学 | Disc cam profile design teaching demonstration and motion characteristic measuring instrument |
| CN111627300A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-04 | 河海大学常州校区 | Lisa looks like presentation device of picture formation principle |
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| CN103680286A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-03-26 | 周帅 | Multifunctional cam mechanism teaching tool |
| CN103943022A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-07-23 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Combined teaching aid for simulating reversal |
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| CN204130070U (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-01-28 | 南昌航空大学 | Cam inversion principle demonstrator |
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2014
- 2014-11-20 CN CN201410664486.9A patent/CN104318853B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| KR20100137703A (en) * | 2009-06-23 | 2010-12-31 | 김인옥 | One touch clamping apparatus for practical training materials |
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| CN104732866A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-06-24 | 武汉科技大学 | Disc cam profile design teaching demonstration and motion characteristic measuring instrument |
| CN104732866B (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2017-05-10 | 武汉科技大学 | Disc cam profile design teaching demonstration and motion characteristic measuring instrument |
| CN111627300A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-04 | 河海大学常州校区 | Lisa looks like presentation device of picture formation principle |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104318853B (en) | 2016-05-04 |
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