CN104314974B - 一种基于磁流变效应的具有集成阻尼器的圆柱滚子轴承 - Google Patents

一种基于磁流变效应的具有集成阻尼器的圆柱滚子轴承 Download PDF

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CN104314974B
CN104314974B CN201410564410.9A CN201410564410A CN104314974B CN 104314974 B CN104314974 B CN 104314974B CN 201410564410 A CN201410564410 A CN 201410564410A CN 104314974 B CN104314974 B CN 104314974B
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CN104314974A (zh
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张广
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Ningbo Shenhe Bearing Co., Ltd.
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张广
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C27/00—Elastic or yielding bearings or bearing supports, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C27/04—Ball or roller bearings, e.g. with resilient rolling bodies
    • F16C27/045—Ball or roller bearings, e.g. with resilient rolling bodies with a fluid film, e.g. squeeze film damping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/24—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/26—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly with a single row of rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
    • F16C2300/02—General use or purpose, i.e. no use, purpose, special adaptation or modification indicated or a wide variety of uses mentioned
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
    • F16C41/001—Integrated brakes or clutches for stopping or coupling the relatively movable parts

Abstract

本发明涉及一种基于磁流变效应的具有集成阻尼器的圆柱滚子轴承，该装置是由外圈、内圈、励磁线圈、密封轴套、磁流变液、隔离圈、圆柱滚子、保持架组成。所述的内圈、外圈、密封轴套以及隔离圈组成一个活动的密封室，磁流变液密封在密封室里面。所述的内圈对称开有凹槽，励磁线圈绕在凹槽里面，并且有隔离圈将磁流变液与励磁线圈隔离。所述的内圈、外圈、密封轴套组成另一个活动密封室，圆柱滚子以及保持架安装在此密封室里面。当励磁线圈通电时，在内圈、外圈、磁流变液之间产生封闭磁路，使磁流变液由原来低粘度、高流动性的牛顿流体转变为高粘度、低流动性的宾汉流体，轴承内圈不断地做切割磁场运动，起到了阻碍内圈运动的作用。

Description

一种基于磁流变效应的具有集成阻尼器的圆柱滚子轴承
技术领域
本发明涉及一种圆柱滚子轴承，尤其是涉及一种基于磁流变效应的具有集成阻尼器的圆柱滚子轴承。
背景技术
圆柱滚子轴承是当代机械设备中一种举足轻重的零部件，它是由内圈、外圈、保持架、圆柱滚子组成，主要功能是支撑机械旋转体，用以降低设备在传动过程中的机械载荷摩擦系数。在大型机器、汽车、机床等需要靠轴承来支撑运转的设备中，需要另外增设刹车装置，这样不仅使得机械结构更加复杂，成本上升，而且整个系统的可靠性降低，由刹车力度不够或者错按开关所引起意外事故比比皆是。此外，还要时不时地去更换刹车系统中的零部件而显得非常麻烦。因此，研究出一种具有集成阻尼器的轴承意义重大。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种结构紧凑、可靠性高且成本低，从而能替代传统的刹车系统，集刹车和支撑运转功能为一身的基于磁流变效应的圆柱滚子轴承。
为了有效地得到一种基于磁流变效应的具有集成阻尼器的圆柱滚子球轴承，本发明是按如下方式来实现的：该装置是由外圈，内圈，励磁线圈，密封轴套，磁流变液，隔离圈，圆柱滚子，保持架组成。所述的内圈、外圈、密封轴套以及隔离圈组成一个活动的密封室，磁流变液密封在密封室里面。所述的内圈对称开有凹槽，励磁线圈绕在凹槽里面，并且有隔离圈将磁流变液与励磁线圈隔离。所述的内圈、外圈、密封轴套组成另一个活动密封室，圆柱滚子以及保持架安装在此密封室里面。所述的圆柱滚子表面涂有强隔磁材料，磁流变液采用宁波杉工结构监测与控制工程中心有限公司所研制的型号为SG-MRF2035的磁流变液。
当励磁线圈通电时，在内圈、外圈、磁流变液之间产生封闭磁路，使磁流变液由原来低粘度、高流动性的牛顿流体转变为高粘度、低流动性的宾汉流体，当轴承工作时，内圈不断地做切割磁场运动，起到了阻碍内圈运动的作用。另外，根据轴承工作的环境的变化，通过调节励磁线圈电流的大小，从而改变磁流变液发生流变现象的强度来实时控制阻尼力。因此，该不仅集成了阻尼器和支撑轴承的功能，而且还可以对阻尼力进行智能控制。
本发明所述的一种基于磁流变效应的具有集成阻尼器的圆柱滚子轴承的积极效果在于：利用磁流变液在外加磁场下会发生流变现象，其流变特性会在瞬间(毫秒量级)发生改变，使磁流变液由原来低粘度、高流动性的New ton流体转变为高粘度、低流动性的Bingham流体，且这是一个连续、可逆的过程的特性。将磁流变液以及用以触发磁流变液发生流变现象的装置集成在圆柱滚子轴承里面，从而达到了集阻尼器和支撑功能为一身的新型圆柱滚子轴承。并且可以通过改变励磁线圈电流的大小对阻尼力进行智能化控制，从而满足不同场所的工作要求。在整个装置中视轴承的大小而定，所需的磁流变液体积只有5-8mL，整个装置的结构非常紧凑，响应迅速，可靠性高，造价便宜。
附图说明
图为本发明一种基于磁流变效应的具有集成阻尼器的圆柱滚子轴承的内部结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步详细说明。
在图中，本发明一种基于磁流变效应的具有集成阻尼器的圆柱滚子轴承，其内部结构是由外圈1、内圈2、励磁线圈3、密封轴套4、磁流变液5、隔离圈6、圆柱滚子7、保持架8组成。该装置的内圈2、外圈1、密封轴套4以及隔离圈6组成一个活动的密封室，磁流变液5密封在密封室里面；内圈2对称开有凹槽，励磁线圈3绕在凹槽里面，并且有隔离圈6将磁流变液5与励磁线圈3隔离；内圈2、外圈1、密封轴套4组成另一个活动密封室，圆柱滚子7以及保持架8安装在此密封室里面。当励磁线圈3通电时，在内圈2、外圈1、磁流变液5之间产生封闭磁路9，使磁流变液5由原来低粘度、高流动性的牛顿流体转变为高粘度、低流动性的宾汉流体，当轴承工作时，内圈2不断地做切割封闭磁场9运动，起到了阻碍内圈2运动的作用。另外，根据轴承工作的环境的变化，通过调节励磁线圈3电流的大小，从而改变磁流变液5发生流变现象的强度来实时控制阻尼力。因此，该不仅集成了阻尼器和支撑轴承的功能，而且还可以对阻尼力进行智能控制。
当轴承工作时，将励磁线圈3通电，在内圈2、外圈1、磁流变液5之间产生封闭磁路9，使磁流变液5由原来低粘度、高流动性的牛顿流体转变为高粘度、低流动性的宾汉流体，磁流变液5中的铁磁性颗粒沿着磁场方向排列成链，由于内圈2在工作时不断地做切割磁场运动，因此，这些排列成链的铁磁性颗粒不断地阻碍内圈2的转动，起到了刹车的作用。内圈2停止转动，励磁线圈3断电，磁流变液5又恢复为低粘度、高流动性的牛顿流体。

Claims (1)

1.一种基于磁流变效应的具有集成阻尼器的圆柱滚子轴承，该装置是由外圈、内圈、励磁线圈、密封轴套、磁流变液、隔离圈、圆柱滚子、保持架组成；其特征在于：所述的内圈(2)、外圈(1)、密封轴套(4)以及隔离圈(6)组成一个活动的密封室，磁流变液(5)密封在密封室里面；整个装置中所需的磁流变液体积只有5-8mL；所述的内圈(2)对称开有凹槽，励磁线圈(3)绕在凹槽里面，并且由隔离圈(6)将磁流变液(5)与励磁线圈(3)隔离；所述的内圈(2)、外圈(1)、密封轴套(4)组成另一个活动密封室，圆柱滚子(7)以及保持架(8)安装在此密封室里面；所述的圆柱滚子(7)表面涂有强隔磁材料；磁流变液(5)采用宁波杉工结构监测与控制工程中心有限公司所研制的型号为SG-MRF2035的磁流变液；位于圆柱滚子两端的励磁线圈通电时，产生的磁场方向相反。
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CN105545947A (zh) * 2016-02-17 2016-05-04 张广 一种兼有位移补偿功能和减振功能的双列深沟球轴承
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