CN104310708A - Application method of drop aeration-high depth composite undercurrent constructed wetland technology in rural domestic sewage treatment - Google Patents
Application method of drop aeration-high depth composite undercurrent constructed wetland technology in rural domestic sewage treatment Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to an application method of a drop aeration-high depth composite undercurrent constructed wetland technology in rural domestic sewage treatment. The problems that the rural domestic sewage is treated and the environmental pollution is reduced are effectively solved. The method is as follows: rural domestic raw water is treated by a grating and then is fed to a regulating reservoir so as to be treated, sludge is fed to a sludge tank, and is treated so as to be transported out, sewage treated by the regulating reservoir flows into a drop landscape facility so as to be treated, and then flows into a drop aeration-high depth composite undercurrent constructed wetland system, and the treated sewage meets the drainage requirement and is drained or recycled. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the method is novel and unique, equipment is easily manufactured, the treatment efficiency is high, the quality is good, the land occupation area is reduced, the sewage treatment load is improved, the method is effectively used for treating the sewage including rural sewage and industrial waste water, the investment is low, the management and maintenance are simple, the wastewater treatment effect is good, the energy consumption is low, and the environment pollution caused by wastewater is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sewage disposal, particularly the application method of a kind of drop oxygenation-high depth composite under-current artificial wetland technology in rural domestic sewage treatment.
Background technology
Along with the development of rural development and the raising of life, correspondingly also create increasing sanitary wastewater, these sanitary wastewaters drastically influence the ecotope in rural area, both the health of people had been affected, affect again the soil property in farmland and the good growth of plant, therefore, showing great attention to of people is more and more caused to the process of rural domestic waste.
Artificial swamp system with manually build and supervision and control, with the similar ground of swampland, acted synergistically by the physics in natural ecosystems, chemistry and biological 3 to reach dirty water purification.This kind of wet land system is in certain length and width when bottom surface gradient depression, mixed by soil and filler and form bed of packings, waste water flows in the filler gap of bed body or in bed surface, and have that handling property is good, surviving rate is high, water resisting property is strong, growth cycle is long in the plantation of bed surface, attractive in appearance and there is the waterplant of economic worth, form a unique animal and plant ecosystem, waste water is processed.In actual design, the pre-treatment, the reprocessing facility that often wetland are carried out plural serial stage or additional necessity are formed.
Traditional Man wetland technology is divided into surface current artificial wetland's (being called for short FWS) and drowned flow artificial wet land (being called for short SFS) by sewage flow pattern wherein.SFS system sewage, in wetland bed surperficial current downflow, makes full use of on the one hand the effects such as the microbial film of filling surface growth, abundant root system of plant and veneer of soil and filler retain, improves treatment effect and processing power; On the other hand because current flow under the surface, good heat preservation performance, the impact for the treatment of effect climate is less.OHSFS system in this project is by the reasonable water distribution uniformity of water force, at the barricade that wetland portion rational height differs, streamflow regime combines surface-flow and current wetland characteristic, simultaneously exclusive high depth design utilizes the nitrated of upper interval, denitrification between lower region can make the removal efficiency of nitrogen higher, therefore is referred to as composite under-current artificial wetland.Compared with the biochemical process that traditional countryside sewage disposal is conventional, have investment low, management maintenance is simple, the advantages such as outlet effect is excellent.Compared with conventional manual's wet land system, wetland area occupied greatly reduces, energy consumption is low, sanitary condition is good, outlet effect especially still has higher clearance under influent ammonia nitrogen low consistency conditions, the overall control of ammonia nitrogen index and concentration are controlled all there is good synergism, solves the eutrophication problem of external venting to water body from source.Can so Artificial Wetland Techniques is applied to the problem solving rural domestic waste process, be that technician is in the technical problem of making great efforts to solve always.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned situation, for overcoming the defect of prior art, the object of the present invention is just to provide the application method of a kind of drop oxygenation-high depth composite under-current artificial wetland technology in rural domestic sewage treatment, effectively can solve the process of domestic sewage in rural areas, reduces the problem of environmental pollution.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves is, by former for life in the countryside water after grid process, send into equalizing tank, after equalizing tank process, mud enters sludge sump, and transport outward disposal after treatment, the sewage after equalizing tank enters drop Landscape Facilities, after the process of drop Landscape Facilities, enter drop oxygenation-high depth composite under-current artificial wetland system and (be called for short wetland, OHSFS), the sewage after process reaches emission request, is discharged or recycles;
Described former water is sanitary sewage after biochemical treatment or trade effluent, or septic tank effluent; Described grid is artificial grid or machinery rotation formula grid; Described equalizing tank is underground type skeleton construction;
Described drop Landscape Facilities is that artificial hillock formula forms multi-step shape;
Artificial swamp is the border of brick one-tenth, and the process structure be made up of grating in border.
The inventive method is novel unique, and its equipment is easily prepared, and processing efficiency is high, quality is good, not only decreases land seizure area, improves sewage treatment load, be effective to the process of sewage, comprise domestic sewage in rural areas and trade effluent, invest low, management maintenance is simple, good waste water treatment effect, energy consumption is low, and greatly reduce the pollution of waste water to environment, economic and social benefit is huge.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is monolithic artificial swamp pipeline plane arrangement structure figure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is monolithic artificial swamp sectional front view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is monolithic artificial wetland combination graded stuffing structure iron of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is drop Landscape Facilities sectional front view of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is drop Landscape Facilities vertical view of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.
Provided by Fig. 1-6, the present invention in the specific implementation, is provide by with under type:
1, grid process: former water enters grid, through grid isolation, before suspended substance larger for volume in former water or floating matter being placed in the water entering surface of grid, and removes in time, avoids blocking follow-up structures pipeline;
Described grid, when the grid quantity of slag is little, adopts artificial grid periodic cleaning, when the grid quantity of slag is more than 0.2m
3during/d, adopt the machinery rotation formula grid (be currently available products, have suite of equipment to sell) of grid gap 10mm;
2, equalizing tank process: enter equalizing tank through the grid sewage handled well placed separately, because sanitary sewage is according to the difference of living habit, in 24 hours, present fluctuation, cause the instability of the water yield and water quality, affect the stability for the treatment of effect, therefore to arrange equalizing tank to regulate water quality and quantity, improve the surge capability to organic loading, equalizing tank adopts underground type Steel Concrete to build, and planeform is square, inside arranges many curved surfaces agitator according to water quality situation, and agitator can by 5w/m
3choose, material is stainless steel or glass reinforced plastic, sewage residence time in equalizing tank is 6-8 hour, available depth 3-4 rice, superelevation 0.3 meter, after equalizing tank process, the mud being deposited in equalizing tank bottom drains into sludge sump, carries out, after processed, regularly being transported outward through plate-and-frame filter press, sewage after removing mud enters drop Landscape Facilities, is further processed;
3, drop Landscape Facilities process: described drop Landscape Facilities is by the artificial hillock of the multi-step shape manually made, as Fig. 5, shown in 6, it is the artificial hillock structure be made up of the inclined-plane 12 of massif face vertical on ground 15 and multi-step shape, water collecting basin 13 is had in the bottom on inclined-plane, as catchmenting, eliminate water hammer effect, vertical massif face is as marble by the mountain stone 11(on the concrete body 14 of bottom and top) build by laying bricks or stones and form, multi-step is set to 5-8 layer, every layer of drop is highly 0.1-0.15 rice, vertical massif face is provided with sewage lifting pipeline 10, the inclined-plane upper top being placed in multi-step shape suitable for reading of sewage lifting pipeline 10, the end opening of sewage lifting pipeline 10 connects the water outlet of sewage pump, by sewage lifting to drop Landscape Facilities eminence, to be dropped ladder by multilayer, increase liquid gas contact area, improve oxygen molecule enters liquid film amount from air film, thus improve former water reoxygenation ability, increase former oxygen content in water, improve follow-up wetland mesophytization processing efficiency (because the general oxygen level of contaminated water is not enough),
4, artificial wetland treatment: although after the sewage after the process of drop Landscape Facilities enters water collecting basin, enter artificial swamp by water port and process, described artificial swamp is brick mix structure, sees Fig. 2, 3, shown in 4, artificial swamp structure is, in the wetland face be made up of border 9, horizontal water inlet main 2 is housed, water intaking valve 1 is equipped with in water inlet main the keeps to the side one end on boundary 9, and be connected with outer water source by water intaking valve, for supplying water to wetland, water inlet main 2 being equipped with and being in conplane arm 3, arm 3 is equipped with arm at same plane, and the water distributing pipe 4 vertical with arm 3, impervious barrier 8 in bottom the wetland of the other side corresponding with water inlet main 2 is equipped with the rising pipe 6 parallel with impervious barrier above, be provided with the air arm 5 vertically stretching out top, wetland face in wetland face, impervious barrier 8 is disposed with one-level smalt hardcore layer 7-1 above, secondary cobble-stone packing layer 7-2, three grades of bird's-eye gravel packing layer 7-3, level Four Weathered Sand packing layer 7-4, the combination grating filling-material structure 7 that Pyatyi medium sand packing layer 7-5 is formed, form water distribution uniformity structure and treatment system, and form drop oxygenation-high depth composite under-current artificial wetland treatment system (OHSFS system) with drop Landscape Facilities, when the sewage after the process of drop Landscape Facilities enters artificial swamp, through arm 3 by water collecting basin 13 through water inlet main 2, water distributing pipe 4 is uniformly distributed in artificial swamp, enters wetland with exit branch hole flow velocity 1.5m/s-2.5m/s, and processes through combination grating filling-material structure 7, and sewage, by OHSFS system, realizes physical sedimentation, filter, chemical precipitation, absorption, microbiological deterioration and plant absorption, except the BOD in decontaminated water, SS, N, P, metal, grease and pathogenic agent multiple pollutant matter, make sewage reach emission request.In actual use, polylith artificial wetland combination can be adopted to use.
In order to ensure result of use, below described Pyatyi medium sand packing layer 7-5, be provided with waste pipe 10;
All be laid with outside described water inlet main 2, arm 3, water distributing pipe 4, air arm 5 for antifreeze adiabator layer, to solve frozen pipe problem in winter;
Described impervious barrier 8 is the sandwich structure being made up of cloth one film or two cloth one films the thick HDPE film of 1.5mm and 1-2 layer geotextile, ensures quality and the barrier performance of impervious material, prevents groundwater pollution;
Longitudinal barricade that the height perpendicular to artificial swamp bottom surface differs also can be provided with, better to improve wastewater treatment efficiency in described artificial swamp; If desired, planting plants on all right artificial swamp, or apply useful microorganism, be beneficial to the biochemical treatment to sewage.
When wetland is as advanced treatment object, grid, equalizing tank, sludge sump all do not need, and only need drop Landscape Facilities and artificial swamp.
When being used as advanced treatment, former water is sanitary sewage after biochemical treatment or trade effluent, and when with dealing with domestic sewage in rural areas, former water is septic tank effluent.Its influent quality of former water requires: COD≤350, SS≤150, NH
3-N≤40mg/L.
Its function of grid is mainly used for removing the suspended substance or floating matter that in former water, volume is larger, is positioned at advanced treatment system front end, avoids blocking follow-up structures pipeline, Rural areas due to the water yield little, the grid quantity of slag is little, conventional artificial grid periodic cleaning.The grid quantity of slag is more than 0.2m
3during/d, should adopt machinery rotation formula grid, grid gap 10mm(is domestic has suite of equipment available).
Its function of equalizing tank is mainly, sanitary sewage is according to the difference of living habit, in 24 hours, present fluctuation, cause the instability of the water yield and water quality, affect the stability for the treatment of effect, therefore need to arrange equalizing tank to regulate water quality and quantity, improve the surge capability to organic loading, the normal underground type Steel Concrete that adopts is built, and planeform is square, inside can arrange many curved surfaces agitator according to water quality situation, and agitator can by 5w/m
3choose, material is stainless steel or glass reinforced plastic.
Its function of drop Landscape Facilities is, by the reasonable discrepancy in elevation, utilize natural physical features or with sewage pump by sewage lifting to drop Landscape Facilities eminence, by setting up multilayer drop ladder, increase liquid gas contact area, according to two-film theory, improve oxygen molecule enters liquid film amount from air film, thus improve former water reoxygenation ability, increase former oxygen content in water (because the general oxygen level of contaminated water is not enough, and increase oxygen level and can improve follow-up wetland mesophytization processing efficiency), in order to beautify the environment, drop Landscape Facilities can make artificial hillock formula, drop part surface marble (unaffected words also can with brick masonry) makes multi-step shape, every layer of drop height is at 0.1-0.15m, according to process water yield scale, 5-8 layer is set, after drop, bottom arranges a water collecting basin, catchment, eliminate the use of water hammer effect.This facility has sewage treatment function and landscape effect function concurrently.
Artificial wet land system, its function is, artificial swamp be by sewage controlledly dosing on the wetland through manual construction, mainly utilize soil, plant and microorganism etc. to act on a kind of sewage natural treatment system of disposing of sewage.In Man-made wetland treatment system, by processes such as physical sedimentation, filtration, chemical precipitation, absorption, microbiological deterioration and plant absorption, the multiple pollutant matter such as the BOD in sewage, SS, N, P, metal, grease and pathogenic agent can be removed.
Drop oxygenation-high depth composite under-current artificial wetland the system of the innovation realizes reasonable water distribution uniformity, at the barricade (not indicating in figure) that wetland portion rational height differs, streamflow regime combines surface-flow and current wetland characteristic, simultaneously exclusive high depth design utilizes the nitrated of upper interval, denitrification between lower region can make the removal efficiency of nitrogen higher, therefore is referred to as composite under-current artificial wetland.Compared with the biochemical process that traditional countryside sewage disposal is conventional, have investment low, management maintenance is simple, the advantages such as outlet effect is excellent.Compared with conventional manual's wet land system, wetland area occupied greatly reduces, and energy consumption is low, and sanitary condition is good, outlet effect especially still has higher clearance under influent ammonia nitrogen low consistency conditions, controls all there is good synergism for the overall control of ammonia nitrogen index and concentration.
Wetland entirety can adopt brick mix structure to build, and bottom arranges impervious barrier according to soil moisture monitoring.
Sludge sump: be used for temporary storage equalizing tank produce a small amount of mud, when being used as rural domestic sewage treatment, because general sewage load is less, its sludge quantity produced is also little, is transported to local refuse landfill outside regular after small-sized plate-and-frame filter press can be adopted to carry out processed.Therefore structurally adopt underground type Reinforced Concrete Structure, significant depth at 3-4m, superelevation 0.3m-0.5m.Planar dimension is square or circle.
Reduced investment of the present invention, energy consumption is low, management maintenance is simple, be very suitable for rural domestic sewage treatment, also can combine with other biological, physical and chemical process, for second-stage treatment and the advanced treatment of trade effluent, effectively meet rural area, that town sewage treatment technology should have is efficient, low consumption, the requirement such as low cost, applicant through scientific research, test and the creative work crystallization made practice summary, and achieve very satisfied Advantageous Effects through experiment, pertinent data is as follows:
Artificial swamp system with manually build and supervision and control, with the similar ground of swampland, acted synergistically by the physics in natural ecosystems, chemistry and biological 3 to reach dirty water purification.This kind of wet land system is in certain length and width when bottom surface gradient depression, mixed by soil and filler and form bed of packings, waste water flows in the filler gap of bed body or in bed surface, and have that handling property is good, surviving rate is high, water resisting property is strong, growth cycle is long in the plantation of bed surface, attractive in appearance and there is the waterplant of economic worth, form a unique animal and plant ecosystem, waste water is processed.In actual design, the pre-treatment, the reprocessing facility that often wetland are carried out plural serial stage or additional necessity are formed.
Traditional Man wetland technology is divided into surface current artificial wetland's (being called for short FWS) and drowned flow artificial wet land (being called for short SFS) by sewage flow pattern wherein.SFS system sewage, in wetland bed surperficial current downflow, makes full use of on the one hand the effects such as the microbial film of filling surface growth, abundant root system of plant and veneer of soil and filler retain, improves treatment effect and processing power; On the other hand because current flow under the surface, good heat preservation performance, the impact for the treatment of effect climate is less.OHSFS system in this project is by the reasonable water distribution uniformity of water force, at the barricade that wetland portion rational height differs, streamflow regime combines surface-flow and current wetland characteristic, simultaneously exclusive high depth design utilizes the nitrated of upper interval, denitrification between lower region can make the removal efficiency of nitrogen higher, therefore is referred to as composite under-current artificial wetland.Compared with the biochemical process that traditional countryside sewage disposal is conventional, have investment low, management maintenance is simple, the advantages such as outlet effect is excellent.Compared with conventional manual's wet land system, wetland area occupied greatly reduces, energy consumption is low, sanitary condition is good, outlet effect especially still has higher clearance under influent ammonia nitrogen low consistency conditions, the overall control of ammonia nitrogen index and concentration are controlled all there is good synergism, solves the eutrophication problem of external venting to water body from source.
Drop oxygenation-high depth composite under-current artificial wetland technology is that applicant started to ferment from 2004 in engineering practice, and design and operation experience in building in conjunction with multiple artificial wet land treating system engineering is actual and the innovative constructed wetland waste water treatment technology of gradual perfection.This technology is suited measures to local conditions, and is very suitable for the less energy-consumption process of sanitary sewage, trade effluent.
This technology is very suitable for samll cities and towns' rural domestic sewage treatment, and can combine with other Typical physical biochemical processing process, is widely used in advanced treatment of industrial waste water and water remediation field, basin.
Compare with common rural domestic sewage treatment facility with Traditional Man wet land system, this system defines oneself exclusive a set of system method in technological design, especially at the drop oxygenation of system, water system design received by cloth, filler level grating arranges selection aspect, has larger difference with Traditional Man Wetland Design.
Drop system and wetland water distribution system are suited measures to local conditions, the Appropriate application discrepancy in elevation, realize adopting no-power way process as far as possible.Drop facility and wetland water distribution system are considered design, pass through elevation computation, from engineering economics angle, drop facility and wetland water-in difference of elevation are remained on zone of reasonableness, control water distribution system water outlet and prop up hole flow velocity 1.5m/s-2.5m/s, the blockage that may occur after both having avoided long-play, also avoids the situation of filling-material structure around the excessive erosion damage water distributor of flow velocity to occur.
Filler level grating is selected, in development, because Wastewater Treatment by Constructed Wetlands mechanism is comparatively complicated, embodiment be to dirty water purification by the realization of the physics of the ecosystem, chemistry and biological coordinative role.Therefore wetland inner stuffing level grating selects (leading indicator is particle diameter and voidage) to seem very important.Shown by engineering experience in the past, according to raw water quality, in guarantee wet land filler bed height situation, 3-5 level is selected to join comparatively suitable, graded stuffing is emphasized to suit measures to local conditions, strengthen the sewage quality monitoring record to end under wet land filler different distributions height and before wetland and analysis, grasp the time dependent flow condition of sewage and Regular of Water Quality Variation, thus optimisation technique parameter.
About impervious barrier operating technique and quality, through to examine or check on the spot and study, for samll cities and towns' domestic sewage in rural areas, artificial swamp often adopts brickwork construction, bottom adopts HDPE anti seepage membrane to completely cut off sewage and underground water, selection and the construction of carrying out anti seepage membrane are also ensure that process runs, and avoid the necessary means of groundwater pollution; Therefore, adopt technically and be not less than the thick HDPE film of 1.5mm, increase 1-2 layer geotextile if desired, adopt cloth one film or two cloth one films, ensure quality and the barrier performance of impervious material.
For avoiding HDPE film to be poked by the filler scuffing bottom pond, the thick coarse sand of 150-200mm can be laid between bottom filling and HDPE film.
Strengthen the management of on-the-spot HDPE film construction quality and technical director, use the workmen of specialty, ensure the hot weld welding quality of film.
Because Wastewater Treatment by Constructed Wetlands mechanism is comparatively comprehensive complicated; what much have employed Artificial Wetland Techniques taking cost into account adopts surface low formula artificial swamp substantially; summer, sanitary condition was poor, winter operation difficulty, and grating selects the unreasonable normalizing that have impact on artificial swamp to run simultaneously.For a lot of enviromental protection enterprise when adopting Artificial Wetland Techniques only with reference to specification, grating important in design is selected random large, lacks enough engineering experiences and valid data support, for this reason, applicant, in triturating, to carry out brand-new in following 4:
1. that recommends according to " constructed wetland waste water treatment technology specification " (HJ2005-2010) should establish aerating apparatus mode (during DO≤1.0mg/L), designed by the rational discrepancy in elevation, and in conjunction with follow-up wetland water distribution system, realize natural reaeration completely, increase sewage and air contact surfaces amass greatly, non-power consumption.From generally build into staged and drop different, in conjunction with surrounding environment, its oxygenation stage can be made the facility with landscape effect, form reoxygenation section, there is good environmental benefit.
2. high depth and water distribution system: the artificial swamp height that Traditional Man wetland technology adopts is generally in 0.4m-1.6m scope, and this technology artificial swamp height is generally 1.7-2.2m.Found by engineering practice, the artificial swamp of high depth is by selecting suitable voidage and grating, make the contact flow of sewage between multilayer filtrate, and in conjunction with the gradient and bottom water-out manners, the nitrated denitrogenation of aerobic part and anoxic part is at well developed root system, under the synergy of the wetland serike that oxygen carrying capacity is strong, can more fully react, Chinese effluent effectively avoids " stagnant water " situation simultaneously.Optimize according to the design of front end reoxygenation section and water distribution system water force, the materials consumption of water distribution system is only tradition establishes the wetland water distribution system of perforated pipe 1/3-1/2.Water inlet realizes water distribution uniformity by water distribution system, effectively alleviates front-end processing load, optimizes waterpower flow condition, add the contact area of sewage and wet land filler, avoid wetland front end blockage problem, be beneficial to plant homoepitaxial and later stage nitrated denitrogenation.
3. filler level grating: at present national project technical specifications there is no introduction for grating, applicant is calculated by engineering practice monitoring and Analysis on Mechanism, for sewage dissolved oxygen distribution situation under Percolation Law and different heights in compound wetland, aspect function (anaerobism at different levels is determined in exploration, facultative, aerobic), and select 3-5 level to join, greatly improve processing efficiency, monolithic wetland hydraulic detention time is much better than HJ2005-2010 and recommends numerical value, decrease land seizure area, improve sewage treatment load.
For domestic sewage in rural areas, through OHSFS system, under conventional sanitary sewage influent quality, principal pollutant index reaches or is better than " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard " (GB18918-2002), and main technical details and treatment effect are as following table:
OHSFS main technical details table
| Technical parameter | Drop oxygenation-high depth composite under-current artificial wetland system |
| Waterpower surface load | 0.5-0.7m 3/m 2.d |
| Hydraulic detention time | 8-24h |
| Water distribution system | Be only traditional water distribution 1/2-1/3 |
| Water-out manners | Descending water outlet, without short circuit phenomenon |
| Winter protection problem | Part solves |
| To intake low ammonia nitrogen removal frank | 60-70% |
| Influent quality requirement | COD≦350，SS《150，NH 3-N≦40 |
| Wetland height | 1.7m-2.2m |
| Matrix grating | Strictly divide to 3-5 layer, grating is distinguished obviously, has Insulation to water distributor |
Domestic sewage in rural areas main treatment technology Inlet and outlet water water-quality guideline contrast unit: mg/L
| Water-quality guideline | COD | BOD | SS | NH 3-N | Total P |
| Conventional sanitary sewage water quality | 300 | 110 | 250 | 40 | 8 |
| The requirement of HJ2005-2010 influent quality | ≦200 | ≦80 | ≦60 | ≦25 | ≦5 |
| GB18918 one-level A standard | 50 | 10 | 10 | 5 | 0.5 |
| This Project Technical | 30 | 10 | 10 | 3 | 0.5 |
Note: conventional water-quality guideline is with reference to " Code for design of outdoor sewerage engineering " (GB50014-2006) and " town water supply Drainage Design handbook " the 5th typical sanitary sewage water quality intermediate concentration example and formulate in conjunction with country practical situation.
Along with Rural Plane Source Pollution is day by day serious in recent years, governments at all levels have successively carried out the activities such as the beautiful China of construction, the comparation and assessment of ecological small towns, and provide central rural household biogas special fund, and require the corresponding implement in proportion of cities and counties of province, thus ensure that source of fund and the market requirement.Popularize along with 12 planning environmental pollutions administer the construction proposing requirements at the higher level and sewage work at county level, we judge that especially the Sewage advanced treatment of enterprise's sewage treatment facility upgrading and Small Urban market of sewage treatment can expand Environmental Protection Market further.Therefore, this technical market is positioned the advanced treatment of rural domestic sewage treatment and part trade effluent.
Meanwhile, along with China's water environment pollution is day by day serious, effectively the social cry of containment water environment degradation grows to even greater heights, and this technology can combine with other Physiochemical and biochemical treatment technologies, as the reliable process of sanitary sewage advanced treatment of industrial waste water, reuse.
In rural domestic sewage treatment field, Artificial Wetland Techniques has one-time investment and economizes, the advantages such as working cost is low, and management maintenance is simple.Compared with Traditional Man wetland technology, the features such as it is excellent that OHSFS of the present invention has treatment effect, and the residence time is short, and processing load is high, and area occupied is little.Contrast as shown in the table with the competitiveness indicator of similar technique:
The competitiveness indicator of OHSFS and similar technique contrasts
| ? | Tradition drowned flow artificial wet land | Drop oxygenation-high depth composite under-current artificial wetland system |
| Waterpower surface load | 0.2-0.5m 3/m 2.d | 0.5-0.7m 3/m 2.d |
| Hydraulic detention time | 24h-72h | 8-24h |
| Water distribution system | Half cloth or full cloth | Be only traditional water distribution 1/2-1/3 |
| Water-out manners | , easily there is short circuit phenomenon in up water outlet | Descending water outlet, without short circuit phenomenon |
| Winter protection problem | Cannot solve | Part solves |
| To intake low ammonia nitrogen removal frank | 50%-60% | 60%-70% |
| Influent quality requirement | COD≦200，SS《80，NH 3-N≦25 | COD≦350，SS《150，NH 3-N≦40 |
| Wetland height | 0.2m-1.6m | 1.7m-2.2m |
| The investment of ton water | 200-600 unit/m 3 | 160-350 unit/m 3 |
| Working cost | 0.1-0.4 unit/m 3 | 0.06-0.3 unit/m 3 |
| Matrix grating | Generally use gravel, coarse sand, granite rubbles, select random large, specification is fuzzy | Strictly divide to 3-5 layer, grating is distinguished obviously, has Insulation to water distributor |
Drop reoxygenation-the application of high depth composite under-current artificial wetland technology in advanced treatment, has and suits measures to local conditions, simple to operate, and management maintenance is convenient, the features such as working cost is low, and floor space is little, and sanitary condition is good.Under the spiritual guidance that country vigorously advocates construction " beautiful China ", " ecological small towns " and strengthens Rural Plane Source Pollution improvement, there is comparatively significantly advantage, technically reliable to the southern and northern area countryside Pollution abatement of China, remarkably productive.Adopt this technology can be excessive in the floor space avoiding Traditional Man wetland technology to exist, north of china in winter runs on the problem basis of difficulty, can build into artificial hillock park formula Sewage treatment systems, effectively promotes economic development and the building of spiritual civilization coordinated development.
For conventional domestic sewage in rural areas, through OHSFS system, under conventional sanitary sewage influent quality, principal pollutant index reaches or is better than " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard " (GB18918-2002) one-level A standard, and main technical details is as follows:
OHSFS main technical details table
| Technical parameter | Drop oxygenation-high depth composite under-current artificial wetland system |
| Waterpower surface load | 0.5-0.7m 3/m 2.d |
| Hydraulic detention time | 8-24h |
| To intake low ammonia nitrogen removal frank | 60-70% |
| Influent quality requirement | COD≦350，SS《150，NH 3-N≦40 |
| Wetland height | 1.7m-2.2m |
| The investment of ton water | 160-350 unit/m 2 |
| Working cost | 0.06-0.3 unit/m 3 |
Can clearly be found out by above-mentioned data, the present invention processes rural area biology sewage or trade effluent or deepens one in process to innovate greatly, it is applicant's scientific research, experiment and the creative work crystallization that practice summary is made, cost is low, treatment effect is good, there is easy construction, reduced investment, energy consumption is low, management maintenance is simple, be very suitable for rural domestic sewage treatment, also can with other biological, physical and chemical process combines, for second-stage treatment and the advanced treatment of trade effluent, efficiently, low consumption, greatly reduce the pollution that sewage causes ecotope, economic and social benefit is huge.
Claims (6)
1. the application method of drop oxygenation-high depth composite under-current artificial wetland technology in rural domestic sewage treatment, is characterized in that, provide by with under type:
1., grid process: former water enters grid, through grid isolation, before suspended substance larger for volume in former water or floating matter being placed in the water entering surface of grid, and removes in time, avoids blocking follow-up structures pipeline;
Described grid, when the grid quantity of slag is little, adopts artificial grid periodic cleaning, when the grid quantity of slag is more than 0.2m
3during/d, adopt the machinery rotation formula grid of grid gap 10mm;
2., equalizing tank process: enter equalizing tank through the grid sewage handled well placed separately, because sanitary sewage is according to the difference of living habit, in 24 hours, present fluctuation, cause the instability of the water yield and water quality, affect the stability for the treatment of effect, therefore to arrange equalizing tank to regulate water quality and quantity, improve the surge capability to organic loading, equalizing tank adopts underground type Steel Concrete to build, and planeform is square, inside arranges many curved surfaces agitator according to water quality situation, and agitator can by 5w/m
3choose, material is stainless steel or glass reinforced plastic, sewage residence time in equalizing tank is 6-8 hour, available depth 3-4 rice, superelevation 0.3 meter, after equalizing tank process, the mud being deposited in equalizing tank bottom drains into sludge sump, carries out, after processed, regularly being transported outward through plate-and-frame filter press, sewage after removing mud enters drop Landscape Facilities, is further processed;
3., drop Landscape Facilities process: described drop Landscape Facilities is by the artificial hillock of the multi-step shape manually made, the artificial hillock structure that the inclined-plane (12) going up vertical massif face and multi-step shape by ground (15) is formed, water collecting basin (13) is had in the bottom on inclined-plane, as catchmenting, eliminate water hammer effect, vertical massif face is built by laying bricks or stones by the concrete body (14) of bottom and the mountain stone (11) on top to form, multi-step is set to 5-8 layer, every layer of drop is highly 0.1-0.15 rice, vertical massif face is provided with sewage lifting pipeline (10), the inclined-plane upper top being placed in multi-step shape suitable for reading of sewage lifting pipeline (10), the end opening of sewage lifting pipeline (10) connects the water outlet of sewage pump, by sewage lifting to drop Landscape Facilities eminence, to be dropped ladder by multilayer, increase liquid gas contact area, improve oxygen molecule enters liquid film amount from air film, thus improve former water reoxygenation ability, increase former oxygen content in water, improve follow-up wetland mesophytization processing efficiency,
4., artificial wetland treatment: although after the sewage after the process of drop Landscape Facilities enters water collecting basin, enter artificial swamp by water port to process, described artificial swamp is brick mix structure, artificial swamp structure is, horizontal water inlet main (2) is housed in the wetland face be made up of border (9), water intaking valve (1) is equipped with in water inlet main the keeps to the side one end on boundary (9), and be connected with outer water source by water intaking valve, for supplying water to wetland, water inlet main (2) is equipped with and is in conplane arm (3), arm is equipped with arm at same plane by (3), and the water distributing pipe (4) vertical with arm (3), impervious barrier (8) in bottom the wetland of the other side corresponding with water inlet main (2) is equipped with the rising pipe (6) parallel with impervious barrier above, the air arm (5) vertically stretching out top, wetland face is provided with in wetland face, impervious barrier (8) is disposed with one-level smalt hardcore layer (7-1) above, secondary cobble-stone packing layer (7-2), three grades of bird's-eye gravel packing layers (7-3), level Four Weathered Sand packing layer (7-4), the combination grating filling-material structure (7) that Pyatyi medium sand packing layer (7-5) is formed, form water distribution uniformity structure and treatment system, and form drop oxygenation-high depth composite under-current artificial wetland treatment system with drop Landscape Facilities, when the sewage after the process of drop Landscape Facilities enters artificial swamp by water collecting basin (13) through water inlet main (2), through arm (3), water distributing pipe (4) is uniformly distributed in artificial swamp, wetland is entered with exit branch hole flow velocity 1.5m/s-2.5m/s, and through combination grating filling-material structure (7) process, sewage is by OHSFS system, realize physical sedimentation, filter, chemical precipitation, absorption, microbiological deterioration and plant absorption, except the BOD in decontaminated water, SS, N, P, metal, grease and pathogenic agent multiple pollutant matter, sewage is made to reach emission request.
2. the application method of drop oxygenation-high depth composite under-current artificial wetland technology according to claim 1 in rural domestic sewage treatment, is characterized in that, described Pyatyi medium sand packing layer (7-5) below is provided with waste pipe (10).
3. the application method of drop oxygenation-high depth composite under-current artificial wetland technology according to claim 1 in rural domestic sewage treatment, it is characterized in that, described water inlet main (2), arm (3), water distributing pipe (4), air arm (5) outside is all laid with for antifreeze adiabator layer.
4. the application method of drop oxygenation-high depth composite under-current artificial wetland technology according to claim 1 in rural domestic sewage treatment, it is characterized in that, described impervious barrier (8) is the sandwich structure being made up of cloth one film or two cloth one films the thick HDPE film of 1.5mm and 1-2 layer geotextile, ensure quality and the barrier performance of impervious material, prevent groundwater pollution.
5. the application method of drop oxygenation-high depth composite under-current artificial wetland technology according to claim 1 in rural domestic sewage treatment, it is characterized in that, longitudinal barricade that the height perpendicular to artificial swamp bottom surface differs is provided with, better to improve wastewater treatment efficiency in described artificial swamp.
6. the application method of drop oxygenation-high depth composite under-current artificial wetland technology according to claim 1 in rural domestic sewage treatment, it is characterized in that, planting plants on described artificial swamp, or apply useful microorganism, be beneficial to the biochemical treatment to sewage.
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