CN104306741A - 治疗脑出血的中药配方 - Google Patents

治疗脑出血的中药配方 Download PDF

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CN104306741A
CN104306741A CN201410502550.3A CN201410502550A CN104306741A CN 104306741 A CN104306741 A CN 104306741A CN 201410502550 A CN201410502550 A CN 201410502550A CN 104306741 A CN104306741 A CN 104306741A
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朱晓岩
修晓光
侯荣耀
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗脑出血的中药配方，由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：水蛭12份、石菖蒲11份、天麻10份、地稔根14份、大蓟11份、丹参9份、毛冬青13份、虎杖11份、银杏叶15份、石决明16份、龙骨9份、全蝎6份、蜈蚣6份、白术12份、半夏10份、当归11份、紫参8份、忍冬藤11份、鸡树条8份和牛膝8份，通过中药调理，补气益精，益气活血，止血散瘀，醒脑开窍，降低颅内压，缩小脑内血肿之效，从而达到有效治疗脑出血的目的，标本兼治，疗效好，见效快。

Description

治疗脑出血的中药配方
技术领域
本发明属于中医中药技术领域，特别涉及一种治疗脑出血的中药配方。
背景技术
脑出血，俗称脑溢血，属于“脑中风”的一种，是中老年高血压患者一种常见的严重脑部并发症。脑出血是指非外伤性脑实质内血管破裂引起的出血，最常见的病因是高血压、脑动脉硬化、颅内血管畸形等，常因用力、情绪激动等因素诱发，故大多在活动中突然发病，临床上脑出血发病十分迅速，主要表现为意识障碍、肢体偏瘫、失语等神经系统的损害。它起病急骤、病情凶险、死亡率非常高，是目前中老年人致死性疾病之一。
脑出血治疗方法有两种，一种是手术，另一种是服药。目前认为，患者无意识障碍时多无需手术；有明显意识障碍、脑疝尚不明是，外科治疗明显优于内科；深昏迷患者、双瞳扩大、生命体征趋于衰竭者，内外科治疗方法均不理想。手术开颅，存在医疗费用大，后遗症较严重，死亡率较高的问题，有的患者虽然保住了性命，但是约90％的患者会出现不同程度的脑神经损伤，造成生活不能自理或成了植物人。当患者脑内积血5～40ml时，通常采用静脉给药，约30％的患者能够治愈，约50％的患者无法治愈，约20％的患者反而病情会加重，甚至导致死亡，其疗效低。此外，脑内积血的患者通过服用现有中成药或西药等，其服药时间长，病情好转缓慢，治愈率只有10～20％，其疗效同样低。
发明内容
本发明提供一种治疗脑出血的中药配方，通过中药调理，补气益精，益气活血，止血散瘀，醒脑开窍，降低颅内压，缩小脑内血肿之效，从而达到有效治疗脑出血的目的，标本兼治，疗效好，见效快。
本发明的治疗脑出血的中药配方，其特征在于由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：水蛭10-13份、石菖蒲10-13份、天麻9-12份、地稔根12-18份、大蓟10-12份、丹参8-12份、毛冬青10-13份、虎杖10-12份、银杏叶12-18份、石决明14-17份、龙骨8-11份、全蝎5-8份、蜈蚣5-8份、白术6-12份、半夏8-10份、当归11-13份、紫参6-9份、忍冬藤10-13份、鸡树条7-10份和牛膝7-10份。
作为优选，按如下重量份数配制：水蛭12份、石菖蒲11份、天麻10份、地稔根14份、大蓟11份、丹参9份、毛冬青13份、虎杖11份、银杏叶15份、石决明16份、龙骨9份、全蝎6份、蜈蚣6份、白术12份、半夏10份、当归11份、紫参8份、忍冬藤11份、鸡树条8份和牛膝8份。
制备方法是按上述重量份数称取原料，放入砂锅里，然后加入5-6倍量的饮用水，武火煮开后，改用文火煎煮40分钟后，提取；再加入3-4倍量的饮用水，武火煮开后，改用文火煎煮30分钟后，提取；合并两次提取液，过滤，每次温服200-300ml，每日早、晚两次饭后温服，14天为一个疗程。
药理分析：
水蛭：俗名蚂蟥，是中国传统的特种药用水生动物，其干制品泡制后中医入药，具有治疗中风、高血压、清瘀、闭经、跌打损伤等功效。近年新发现水蛭制剂在防治心脑血管疾病和抗癌方面具有特效。
石菖蒲：化湿开胃，开窍豁痰，醒神益智。用于脘痞不饥，噤口下痢，神昏癫痫，健忘耳聋。理气，活血，散风，去湿。治癫痫，痰厥，热病神昏，健忘，气闭耳聋，心胸烦闷，胃痛，腹痛，风寒湿痹，痈疽肿毒，跌打损伤。
天麻：甘，平；入肝经；息风，定惊。治眩晕眼黑，头风头痛，肢体麻木，半身不遂，语言蹇涩，小儿惊痫动风。
地稔根：甘、微酸，平。活血，止血，利湿，通络。治痛经，产后腹痛，崩漏，白带，痢疾，黄疸，风湿骨痛，瘰疬，牙痛。
大蓟：性凉，味甘，苦，无毒。归心、肝经。可以凉血止血，行瘀消肿。
丹参：根入药，含丹参酮，为强壮性通经剂，有祛瘀、生新、活血、调经等效用，为妇科要药，主治子宫出血，月经不调，血瘀，腹痛，经痛，经闭，庙痛。对治疗冠心病有良好效果。此外亦治神经性衰弱失眠，关节痛，贫血，乳腺炎，淋巴腺炎，关节炎，疮疖痛肿，丹毒，急慢性肝炎，肾孟肾炎，跌打损伤，晚期血吸虫病肝脾肿大，癫癎。外用又可洗漆疮。
毛冬青：活血通脉。治血栓闭塞性脉管炎，冠心病，脑血管意外所致的偏瘫。
虎杖：祛风，利湿，破瘀，通经。治风湿筋骨疼痛，湿热黄疸，淋浊带下，妇女经闭，产后恶露不下，症瘕积聚，痔漏下血。跌扑损伤，烫伤，恶疮癣疾。抗心律失常和抗心肌失血活血化瘀。
银杏叶：甘、苦、涩，平。归心、肺经。敛肺，平喘，活血化瘀，止痛。用于肺虚咳喘；冠心病，心绞痛，高血脂，抗凝固，有一定概率提高记忆力。
石决明：有清热、镇静、降血压、拟交感神经的作用。
龙骨：性味：甘涩；平；无毒；归经：心；肝；肾；大肠经；功能主治：镇惊安神；平肝潜阳；固涩；收敛。主惊痫癫狂；心悸怔忡；失眠健忘；头晕目眩；自汗盗汗；遗精遗尿；崩漏带下；久泻久痢；溃疡久不收口及湿疮
全蝎：主要药用成分为蝎毒素，据《本草纲目》和《中国药典》载，全蝎具有“熄风镇痉、消炎攻毒、通络止痛”功能；主治“小儿惊风、抽搐痉挛、皮肤病、心脑血管病、炎症、乙肝、肿瘤”等病。
蜈蚣：为陆生节肢动物，身体由许多体节组成，每一节上均长有步足，故为多足生物。可做中药，有败毒、抗结核、消瘤抗癌。
白术：白术具有健脾益气，燥湿利水，止汗，安胎的功效，用于脾虚食少，腹胀泄泻，痰饮眩悸，水肿，自汗，胎动不安。《医学启源》记载：“除湿益燥，和中益气，温中，去脾胃中湿，除胃热，强脾胃，进饮食，安胎。
半夏：抗溃疡作用：半夏水煎醇沉液能减少胃液分泌，降低胃液游离酸度和总酸度，抑制胃蛋白酶活性，保护胃黏膜，促进胃黏膜的修复，具有抗大鼠幽门结扎性溃疡、消炎痛性溃疡及应激性溃疡的作用。
当归：性温，味甘、辛；归心、肺、胃经；功能：补血活血；延长血浆凝血时间，可使血栓减少，血栓增长速度减慢，有明显的抗血栓作用。
紫参：性味：性平，味苦、辛。功能主治：清热解毒，活血理气止痛。用于急慢性肝炎、脘胁胀痛、湿热带下、乳腺炎、疔肿。
忍冬藤：甘，温，无毒。具有清热解毒，疏风通络的疗效。可用于温病发热，疮痈肿毒，热毒血痢，风湿热痹。
鸡树条：又称天目琼花，忍冬科荚蒾属植物，其嫩枝、叶及果实可入药。其枝叶可通经活络，解毒止痒，枝可用于风湿性关节炎，腰酸腿痛，跌打损伤。叶子可外用治疮疖，癣，皮肤瘙痒。鸡树条的果实能够止咳，常用于急、慢性气管炎，咳嗽。
牛膝：苦；酸；性平，入肝、肾经；祛风，活血祛瘀。
本发明的中药配方，选用水蛭、毛冬青、银杏叶、全蝎、牛膝等，活血化瘀、散结；配伍石菖蒲、石决明、龙骨、忍冬藤，镇静安神，清热醒脑；，地稔根、半夏、大蓟凉血止血；白术、紫参，益气养阴、补气益精，醒脑开窍，治疗脑出血，降低颅内压，缩小脑内血肿，标本兼治，疗效好，见效快。
疗效判断：
脑出血的主要临床症状有：运动或语言障碍，呕吐，意识障碍，颅内压增高、偏盲和眼球活动障碍，头痛头晕。
痊愈：运动或语言障碍消除，意识清楚，颅内压正常，面部活动正常。
好转：运动或语言障碍好转，意识障碍恢复，颅内压降低，偏盲或眼球活动趋于正常。
无效：诸症无改善。
治疗结果：脑出血患者179例，服用本发明的药物，放入砂锅里，然后加入5-6倍量的饮用水，武火煮开后，改用文火煎煮40分钟后，提取；再加入3-4倍量的饮用水，武火煮开后，改用文火煎煮30分钟后，提取；合并两次提取液，过滤，每次温服200-300ml，每日早、晚两次饭后温服。痊愈143例，占80％，好转12例，占7％，有效率为87％。
附几例病例作进一步说明：
病例1：王某，男，55岁，2013年7月来诊，因高血压引发脑出血入院治疗，服用本发明的药物，20天后手可动，继续服药14天可使用辅助器械下床活动，继续服用14天后，可独立行走，生活基本可以自理，继续服用一个疗程后行动自如、生活完全自理，痊愈。随访一年无复发。
病例2：严某，男，53岁，患脑出血半年，可借助助行器行走，语言表达不流利，生活半自理，服用本发明的药物，28天后手脚活动自如，无需使用助行器独立行走，21天后生活完全自理，语言表达无困难，痊愈。随访半年无复发。
具体实施方式
实施例1
水蛭12份、石菖蒲11份、天麻10份、地稔根14份、大蓟11份、丹参9份、毛冬青13份、虎杖11份、银杏叶15份、石决明16份、龙骨9份、全蝎6份、蜈蚣6份、白术12份、半夏10份、当归11份、紫参8份、忍冬藤11份、鸡树条8份和牛膝8份。
制备方法是按上述重量份数称取原料，放入砂锅里，然后加入5-6倍量的饮用水，武火煮开后，改用文火煎煮40分钟后，提取；再加入3-4倍量的饮用水，武火煮开后，改用文火煎煮30分钟后，提取；合并两次提取液，过滤，每次温服200-300ml，每日早、晚两次饭后温服，14天为一个疗程。

Claims (2)

1.一种治疗脑出血的中药配方，其特征在于由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：水蛭10-13份、石菖蒲10-13份、天麻9-12份、地稔根12-18份、大蓟10-12份、丹参8-12份、毛冬青10-13份、虎杖10-12份、银杏叶12-18份、石决明14-17份、龙骨8-11份、全蝎5-8份、蜈蚣5-8份、白术6-12份、半夏8-10份、当归11-13份、紫参6-9份、忍冬藤10-13份、鸡树条7-10份和牛膝7-10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗脑出血的中药配方，其特征在于由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：水蛭12份、石菖蒲11份、天麻10份、地稔根14份、大蓟11份、丹参9份、毛冬青13份、虎杖11份、银杏叶15份、石决明16份、龙骨9份、全蝎6份、蜈蚣6份、白术12份、半夏10份、当归11份、紫参8份、忍冬藤11份、鸡树条8份和牛膝8份。
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