CN104297936A - Free space 90-degree optical mixer - Google Patents
Free space 90-degree optical mixer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104297936A CN104297936A CN201410363768.5A CN201410363768A CN104297936A CN 104297936 A CN104297936 A CN 104297936A CN 201410363768 A CN201410363768 A CN 201410363768A CN 104297936 A CN104297936 A CN 104297936A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- free space
- wave plate
- optical mixer
- phase shift
- light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
Abstract
The invention relates to a free space 90-degree optical mixer, which comprises a beam combining unit, an in-phase balance receiving channel, an orthogonal balance receiving channel and a receiving unit, wherein the combining unit combines a signal beam and a local oscillator beam, the in-phase balance receiving channel generates 0-degree and 180-degree relative phase shift combination beams, the orthogonal balance receiving channel generates 90-degree and 270-degree relative phase shift combination beams, and the receiving unit receives the 0-degree, 90-degree, 180-degree and 270-degree relative phase shift combination beams. The free space 90-degree optical mixer provided by the invention improves the accuracy and is convenient to adjust and install.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser space communication field, relate to optical mixer unit, particularly relate to a kind of free space 90 ° of optical mixer units.
Background technology
Free space 90 ° of optical mixer units are optical cores devices of free space coherent light communication terminal, it carries out conjunction bundle to signal beams and local beam, and resolve into 4 bundle beam combinations, there are between them relative 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° relative phase shifts, produce a homophase balance reception passage (0 ° and 180 ° of two-way) and an orthogonal balanced receiving cable (90 ° and 270 ° of two-way) in other words.
The balance receiver photosurface of free space coherent light communication terminal generally only has tens microns, the two-way light (I of balance receiver
+and I
-two-way or Q
+and Q
-two-way) reception photosurface between spacing fix.Spacing between the two-way light of therefore balance receiver must accurately control, and its precision often requires several micron.There are following three shortcomings in existing free space optical mixer unit:
1. be difficult to the spacing accurately controlled between the two-way light of balance receiver;
2. device volume is limited to balance receiver two photosurface spacing, makes device volume too small, is difficult to debug;
3. four branch roads are separated from each other, and be difficult to control four branch road equivalent optical paths, easy generation time departs from.
4. ordinary lens focusing quality is difficult to control, and processing, resetting difficulty is large.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve technical matters existing in background technology, the present invention proposes a kind of free space optical mixer unit, this frequency mixer utilizes modified lateral shearing interferometer to be difficult to limited and four tunnels of accurate control, volume with the spacing solved in background technology between balance receiver two-way light and exports the unmanageable technical matters of optical path difference.
This frequency mixer is by λ/2 wave plate HWP1, λ/2 wave plate HWP2, λ/4 wave plate QWP, polarization splitting prism PBS, λ/2 wave plate HWP3, λ/2 wave plate HWP4, lateral shearing interferometer SAG1, lateral shearing interferometer SAG2, GRIN Lens AFL1, GRIN Lens AFL2, GRIN Lens AFL3, GRIN Lens AFL4 form.
Flashlight and local oscillator light are all polarized light, and two-way light becomes the linearly polarized light at 45 ° with XZ face respectively through after the wave plate HWP2 of wave plate HWP1 and λ/2, λ/2.Then, local oscillator light is through λ/4 wave plate QWP, and fast axle and the local oscillator light polarization direction of λ/4 wave plate are at 45 °, and the local oscillator light of outgoing becomes circularly polarized light, its P ripple (parallel component) and S ripple (vertical component) phase 90 °.
Polarization splitting prism PBS effect is reflection S ripple, transmission P ripple.Enter the flashlight S ripple of I branch road and local oscillator light P ripple after 1/2 wave plate HWP3, its polarization direction rotates 45° angle, and flashlight becomes-45 ° with XZ face, local oscillator light and XZ face at 45 °.Cause the P wave component of flashlight identical with local oscillator light P wave component direction like this, the S wave component of flashlight is contrary with local oscillator light S wave component direction.
Lateral shearing interferometer is glued together by half pentagonal prism that two pieces of thickness is different and forms, cemented surface part plating polarization beam splitter, another part plating anti-reflection film.Through lateral shearing interferometer, P wave component and the local oscillator light P wave component of flashlight enter I
+branch road is added, and S wave component and the local oscillator light S wave component of flashlight enter I
-branch road subtracts each other, and is so just equivalent to I
+branch road and I
-the phase differential of 180 ° is there is between branch road.Lateral shearing interferometer is by I simultaneously
+branch road and I
-branch road two-beam is sheared and is opened a segment distance, and this distance accurately can control when debuging interferometer.Due to the character of lateral shearing interferometer, I
+with I
-the equivalent optical path of branch road in interferometer.In like manner, Q
+branch road and Q
-branch road also meets above character.
I
+branch road, I
-branch road, Q
+branch road, Q
-the outgoing beam of branch road is focused on the detector by GRIN Lens respectively.GRIN Lens bore generally only has several millimeter, focused beam disc of confusion and detector photosurface sizableness.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of free space 90 ° of optical mixer units, comprise the conjunction Shu Danyuan carrying out closing bundle to signal beams and local beam, produce the homophase balance reception passage of 0 ° and 180 ° relative phase shift two-way beam combination, produce the orthogonal balanced receiving cable of 90 ° and 270 ° relative phase shift two-way beam combinations, receive the receiving element of 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° relative phase shift beam combination;
Its special character is:
Above-mentioned homophase balance reception passage and orthogonal balanced receiving cable are respectively arranged with a lateral shearing interferometer; The half pentagonal prism gummed that above-mentioned lateral shearing interferometer comprises two pieces of thickness different forms, ECDC Shu Danyuan close bundle after light beam be cut into two light beams through lateral shearing interferometer again, when debuging by two and half pentagonal prisms in cemented surface translation to control the spacing of two light beams emergent light;
The cemented surface incidence zone of above-mentioned lateral shearing interferometer is coated with polarizing beam splitting film, regional transmission is coated with anti-reflection film;
Above-mentioned homophase balance reception passage is identical with orthogonal balanced receiving cable structure;
Above-mentioned receiving element focuses on reception 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° relative phase shift beam combinations by the second GRIN Lens, the 3rd GRIN Lens, the first GRIN Lens, the 4th GRIN Lens respectively;
Above-mentioned beam splitting unit be included in local oscillator light path sets gradually the second wave plate, the 5th wave plate, the 3rd wave plate and the first wave plate set gradually in signal light path, the 4th wave plate; Described local oscillator light path and signal light path intersection are also provided with polarization splitting prism.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1. the spacing that the present invention adopts the lateral shearing interferometer of improvement to achieve between balance receiver two-way light accurately controls.
2. light channel structure size of the present invention is no longer limited to balance receiver two channel pitch, and device volume can suitably increase to facilitate to be debug.
3. the two-way light of same balance reception passage shears equivalent optical path through lateral shearing interferometer, thus makes control four road equivalent optical path be reduced to equivalent optical path between control two balance reception passage.Namely the present invention more easily makes four branch road equivalent optical paths.The requirement of laser space communication system transfer rate Yue Gaoduige road optical path difference is higher, and this advantage of the present invention is more important.
4. GRIN Lens is two-sided is all plane, is convenient to install, and focusing quality is outstanding.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is principle schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is optical system diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is polarization lateral shear interferometer schematic diagram in the present invention;
Wherein 1-first wave plate, 2-second wave plate, 3-the 3rd wave plate, 4-the 4th wave plate, 5-polarization splitting prism, 6-first GRIN Lens, 7-second GRIN Lens, 8-the 3rd GRIN Lens, 9-the 4th GRIN Lens, 10-lateral shearing interferometer, 11-the 5th wave plate.
Specific implementation process
See Fig. 1-2, a kind of free space 90 ° of optical mixer units, comprise the conjunction Shu Danyuan carrying out closing bundle to signal beams and local beam, produce the homophase balance reception passage of 0 ° and 180 ° relative phase shift two-way beam combination, produce the orthogonal balanced receiving cable of 90 ° and 270 ° relative phase shift two-way beam combinations, receive the receiving element of 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° relative phase shift beam combination; Homophase balance reception passage and orthogonal balanced receiving cable are respectively arranged with a lateral shearing interferometer 10; The half pentagonal prism gummed that lateral shearing interferometer 10 comprises two pieces of thickness different forms, ECDC Shu Danyuan close bundle after light beam be cut into two light beams through lateral shearing interferometer 10 again, when debuging by two and half pentagonal prisms in cemented surface translation to control the spacing of two light beams emergent light; Incidence zone is coated with polarizing beam splitting film to lateral shearing interferometer 10 cemented surface, and regional transmission is coated with anti-reflection film; Homophase balance reception passage is identical with orthogonal balanced receiving cable structure; Receiving element focuses on reception 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° relative phase shift beam combinations by the second GRIN Lens 7, the 3rd GRIN Lens 8, first GRIN Lens 6, the 4th GRIN Lens 9 respectively; Beam splitting unit be included in local oscillator light path sets gradually the second wave plate 2, the 5th wave plate 11, the 3rd wave plate 3 and the first wave plate 1 set gradually in signal light path, the 4th wave plate 4; Local oscillator light path and signal light path intersection are also provided with polarization splitting prism 5.
When local oscillator laser enters system, its polarization direction should be parallel to XZ face, allows certain angle deviation.By regulating 1/2 wave plate HWP2, make its fast axle become 22.5 ° with local oscillator laser polarization direction, local oscillator light is its polarization direction XZ angle at 45 ° after HWP2.The quick shaft direction of quarter wave plate QWP is parallel with XZ plane, namely the quick shaft direction of QWP and local oscillator light polarization direction at 45 °.Local oscillator light becomes circularly polarized light after quarter wave plate QWP, and its P ripple differs 90 ° with S wave phase.Thereafter local oscillator light is through polarization splitting prism, and the transmission of P ripple enters I branch road, and S wave reflection enters Q branch road.Between such I branch road and Q branch road, local oscillator light just creates the phase differential of 90 degree.
Same by adjustment 1/2 wave plate HWP1, make the fast axle of HWP1 become 22.5 ° with the polarization direction of flashlight, flashlight is its polarization direction XZ angle at 45 ° after HWP1, and namely P wave component is equal with S wave component.Thereafter flashlight is through polarization splitting prism, and the transmission of P ripple enters Q branch road, and S wave reflection enters I branch road.
Enter the flashlight S ripple of I branch road and local oscillator light P ripple after 1/2 wave plate HWP3, its polarization direction rotates 45° angle, and flashlight becomes-45 ° with XZ face, local oscillator light and XZ face at 45 °.Cause the P wave component of flashlight identical with local oscillator light P wave component direction like this, the S wave component of flashlight is contrary with local oscillator light S wave component direction.Through lateral shearing interferometer, enter I at the P wave component of flashlight thereafter and local oscillator light P wave component
+branch road is added, and S wave component and the local oscillator light S wave component of flashlight enter I
-branch road subtracts each other, and is so just equivalent to I
+branch road and I
-between branch road there is the phase differential of 180 ° in difference frequency component.In like manner Q
+branch road and Q
-also the phase differential of 180 ° is there is between branch road.
I
+branch road and I
-the spacing of branch road two light beam, the i.e. shearing displacement of interferometer, accurately control by debuging interferometer.Interferometer two prisms adopts light-sensitive emulsion gummed.Adopt the laser of a branch of 45 ° of polarization directions incident lateral shearing interferometer when debuging, add analyzer (at 45 ° with XZ face) at the exit end of lateral shearing interferometer, after analyzer, a segment distance places digital camera.Then lateral shearing interferometer shears the two-beam and I opened
+with I
-two-way light will interfere on digital camera focal plane.With its interference fringe picture of Real time vision.Theory calculate N
0individual interference fringe accounts for the CCD pixel number M of digital camera
0:
Wherein,
λ is the optical maser wavelength that laser instrument exports,
F is the focal length of digital camera,
D is CCD pixel dimension,
Δ is the horizontal shear capacity of designing requirement.
Make by glue together, the two prisms of not yet solidifying does micro-relative movement, reads N
0individual interference fringe accounts for the CCD pixel number M of digital camera.Until CCD pixel number M is M
0time, stop mobile, illumination curing is carried out to cemented surface, two prisms is located.Interferometric method debugs lateral shearing interferometer, I
+branch road and I
-branch road distance theory precision can reach 1 wavelength of adopted laser instrument.
I
+branch road, I
-branch road, Q
+branch road, Q
-the outgoing beam of branch road focuses on the detector by GRIN Lens respectively, and it is suitable with photosurface that light beam focuses on disc of confusion size.
Claims (5)
1. a free space 90 ° of optical mixer units, comprise the conjunction Shu Danyuan carrying out closing bundle to signal beams and local beam, produce the homophase balance reception passage of 0 ° and 180 ° relative phase shift two-way beam combination, produce the orthogonal balanced receiving cable of 90 ° and 270 ° relative phase shift two-way beam combinations, receive the receiving element of 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° relative phase shift beam combination;
It is characterized in that:
Described homophase balance reception passage and orthogonal balanced receiving cable are respectively arranged with a lateral shearing interferometer; The half pentagonal prism gummed that described lateral shearing interferometer comprises two pieces of thickness different forms, ECDC Shu Danyuan close bundle after light beam be cut into two light beams through lateral shearing interferometer again, when debuging by two and half pentagonal prisms in cemented surface translation to control the spacing of two light beams emergent light.
2. a kind of free space according to claim 1 90 ° of optical mixer units: it is characterized in that: described lateral shearing interferometer moral cemented surface incidence zone is coated with polarizing beam splitting film, regional transmission is coated with anti-reflection film.
3. a kind of free space according to claim 2 90 ° of optical mixer units: it is characterized in that: described homophase balance reception passage is identical with orthogonal balanced receiving cable structure.
4. a kind of free space according to claim 3 90 ° of optical mixer units: it is characterized in that: described receiving element focuses on reception 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° relative phase shift beam combinations by the second GRIN Lens, the 3rd GRIN Lens, the first GRIN Lens, the 4th GRIN Lens respectively.
5. a kind of free space according to claim 4 90 ° of optical mixer units: it is characterized in that: described beam splitting unit be included in local oscillator light path sets gradually the second wave plate, the 5th wave plate, the 3rd wave plate and the first wave plate set gradually in signal light path, the 4th wave plate; Described local oscillator light path and signal light path intersection are also provided with polarization splitting prism.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410363768.5A CN104297936A (en) | 2014-07-28 | 2014-07-28 | Free space 90-degree optical mixer |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410363768.5A CN104297936A (en) | 2014-07-28 | 2014-07-28 | Free space 90-degree optical mixer |
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| CN104297936A true CN104297936A (en) | 2015-01-21 |
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ID=52317729
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Cited By (5)
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| CN105005150A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-10-28 | 长春理工大学 | Folding type 90-degree spatial optical hybrid |
| CN105030202A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-11-11 | 武汉理工大学 | OCT imaging method based on partial core polarization-maintaining optical fiber interference enhancement |
| CN106773098A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of discrete Fourier transform optical interference system of hybrid coding |
| CN107979462A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-01 | 中南大学 | Quantum key dispatching system and its implementation based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing |
| CN109459072A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-12 | 电子科技大学 | It is a kind of based on the coherent light time domain reflection of local oscillator light orthogonal phase modulation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106773098A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of discrete Fourier transform optical interference system of hybrid coding |
| CN107979462A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-01 | 中南大学 | Quantum key dispatching system and its implementation based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing |
| CN107979462B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-07-14 | 中南大学 | Quantum key distribution system based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing and implementation method thereof |
| CN109459072A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-12 | 电子科技大学 | It is a kind of based on the coherent light time domain reflection of local oscillator light orthogonal phase modulation |
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