CN104293338A - 超深井压裂用陶粒及其制备方法 - Google Patents

超深井压裂用陶粒及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104293338A
CN104293338A CN201410513890.6A CN201410513890A CN104293338A CN 104293338 A CN104293338 A CN 104293338A CN 201410513890 A CN201410513890 A CN 201410513890A CN 104293338 A CN104293338 A CN 104293338A
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deep well
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ceramsite
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周丽
牛成杰
杨晓平
陈俊
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Anton New Material (suining) Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种超深井压裂用陶粒及其制备方法，其中陶粒的原料由主组分和外加组分组成，其中所述主组分及其质量百分比为：轻烧铝矾土90～94％；铁红3～5％；变性粘土2～6％；所述外加组分的添加量为主组分总质量的1～3％，所述外加组分为结合剂。本发明的陶粒成本低、抗破碎能力强。

Description

超深井压裂用陶粒及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及石油支撑剂技术领域，尤其涉及一种超深井压裂用陶粒及其制备方法。
背景技术
石油天然气深井开采时，经常进行压裂处理，使含油气岩层裂开，油气从裂缝形成的通道中汇集而出。用石油支撑剂随同压裂液进入地层充填在岩层裂隙中，起到支撑裂隙不因应力释放而闭合的作用，从而保持高导流能力，使油气畅通，增加产量。
目前常用的石油支撑剂主要有以下几种：1、中密中强陶粒砂，在油气井的开采中深度大于4000米以上的多用中密中强的陶粒砂，但是当深度大于6000米时，其抗破碎能力衰减严重，不适于在超深井中应用；2、覆膜砂，覆膜砂是指在加热的基体(如陶粒、石英砂、坚果壳、玻璃球等)上覆膜一层或多层热固性树脂(如酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、呋喃树脂、聚氨酯等)，并同时固化形成三维网状结构的增强支撑剂，具有表面光滑、破碎率下降等优点，但是成本高；3、人造超深井专用陶粒砂，因其原料要求苛刻，90％以上原料依赖进口，原料成本高且资源有限；同时适用于生产超深井专用陶粒砂的工艺要比其它石油支撑剂复杂，国内传统的工艺流程是无法满足，因此超深井专用陶粒砂的成本在8000元/吨以上，而且产量少。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明实施例提供一种超深井压裂用陶粒及其制备方法，主要目的在于提供一种成本低、支撑效果好的压裂用陶粒。
为达到上述目的，本发明主要提供如下技术方案：
一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种超深井压裂用陶粒，其原料由主组分和外加组分组成，其中
所述主组分及其质量百分比为：
轻烧铝矾土    90～94％
铁红          3～5％
变性粘土      2～6％；
所述外加组分的添加量为主组分总质量的1～3％，所述外加组分为结合剂。
作为优选，所述超深井压裂用陶粒的主组分质量百分比为：
轻烧铝矾土    93％
铁红          4％
变性粘土      2％；
所述结合剂的添加量为主组分总质量的1％。作为优选，所述轻烧铝矾土中铝的质量百分含量大于84％。
作为优选，所述铁红中三氧化二铁的质量百分含量至少为95％。
作为优选，所述结合剂为变性淀粉。
另一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种上述任一种超深井压裂用陶粒的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
将原料按比例配好后，经球磨机研磨使粉料细度达到600目通过率在90％以上；
造粒后，在150-220℃下烘干得陶粒半成品；
筛分得到合格的陶粒半成品，在1420-1450℃高温下烧制得到成品的陶粒。
作为优选，得到的所述成品的陶粒满足30/50目的体积密度不小于1.80g/cm3，视密度不低于3.24，103MPa破碎率不大于5％，酸溶解度不大于5％。
本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点：
本发明实施例提出的一种超深井压裂用陶粒及其制备方法提供了一种低成本、支撑效果好、抗破碎能力强的陶粒。原料价格低，且易于得到。采用该种原料制备陶粒的工艺简单，易于实施，可进行大量生产。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述，但不作为对本发明的限定。
实施例1
超深井压裂用陶粒，其原料组成如下：
轻烧铝矾土(铝的质量百分含量为85％)92kg，铁红5kg，变性粘土3kg，变性淀粉(外加组分)2kg。
制备步骤如下：
将原料按比例配好后，经球磨机研磨使粉料细度达到600目通过率在90％以上；
造粒后，在150℃下烘干得陶粒半成品；
筛分得到合格的半成品，在1430℃高温下烧制得到成品的陶粒。
得到的成品的陶粒30/50目的体积密度为1.92g/cm3，视密度为3.34，103MPa破碎率为4.74％，酸溶解度为4.89％。实施例2
超深井压裂用陶粒，其原料组成如下：
轻烧铝矾土(铝的质量百分含量为85％)94kg，铁红4kg，变性粘土2kg，变性淀粉1kg。
制备步骤如下：
将原料按比例配好后，经球磨机研磨使粉料细度达到600目通过率在90％以上；
造粒后，在180℃下烘干得陶粒半成品；
筛分得到合格的陶粒半成品，在1450℃高温下烧制得到成品的陶粒。
得到的所述成品的陶粒30/50目的体积密度为1.90，视密度为3.34，103MPa破碎率为4.74％，酸溶解度为4.95％。
实施例3
超深井压裂用陶粒，其原料组成如下：
轻烧铝矾土(铝的质量百分含量为85％)94kg，铁红4kg，变性粘土2kg，变性淀粉1kg。
制备步骤如下：
将原料按比例配好后，经球磨机研磨使粉料细度达到600目通过率在90％以上；
造粒后，在220℃下烘干得陶粒半成品；
筛分得到合格的陶粒半成品，在1420℃高温下烧制得到成品的陶粒。
得到的所述成品的陶粒30/50目的体积密度为1.83g/cm3，视密度为3.34，103MPa破碎率为3.79％，酸溶解度为4.85％。
本发明实施例的陶粒的原料采用轻烧铝矾土，控制铝矾土的“烧失量”(LOI)在0～1％之间，既有利于造粒又有利于烧成。铁红以Fe2O3成分为主，含量高达95％以上，细度很细，400目水洗通过率100％，分散性好；三氧化二铁活性较好，铁红以较少量的添加即有利于烧结过程中莫来石的形成，又能降低烧成温度，进而增强陶粒的抗破碎能力，具有良好的支撑效果。本发明实施例的陶粒的生产成本为3800元/吨左右。
以上实施例仅为本发明的示例性实施例，不用于限制本发明，本发明的保护范围由权利要求书限定。本领域技术人员可以在本发明的实质和保护范围内，对本发明做出各种修改或等同替换，这种修改或等同替换也应视为落在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (7)

1.超深井压裂用陶粒，其特征在于，其原料由主组分和外加组分组成，其中
所述主组分及其质量百分比为：
轻烧铝矾土    90～94％
铁红          3～5％
变性粘土      2～6％；
所述外加组分的添加量为主组分总质量的1～3％，所述外加组分为结合剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的超深井压裂用陶粒，其特征在于，所述主组分质量百分比为：
轻烧铝矾土    93％
铁红          4％
变性粘土      3％；
所述结合剂的添加量为主组分总质量的1％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的超深井压裂用陶粒，其特征在于，所述轻烧铝矾土中铝的质量百分含量大于84％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的超深井压裂用陶粒，其特征在于，所述铁红中三氧化二铁的质量百分含量至少为95％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的超深井压裂用陶粒，其特征在于，所述结合剂为变性淀粉。
6.权利要求1-5任一项所述的超深井压裂用陶粒的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
将原料按比例配好后，经球磨机研磨使粉料细度达到600目通过率在90％以上；
造粒后，在150-220℃下烘干得陶粒半成品；
筛分得到合格的陶粒半成品，在1420-1450℃高温下烧制得到成品的陶粒。
7.根据权利要求6所述的超深井压裂用陶粒，其特征在于，得到的所述成品的陶粒满足30/50目的体积密度不小于1.80g/cm3，视密度不低于3.24，103MPa破碎率不大于5％，酸溶解度不大于5％。
CN201410513890.6A 2014-09-29 2014-09-29 超深井压裂用陶粒及其制备方法 Pending CN104293338A (zh)

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