CN1042926C - 新型泡沫轻质承重砖的制作方法 - Google Patents

新型泡沫轻质承重砖的制作方法 Download PDF

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CN1042926C
CN1042926C CN92102484A CN92102484A CN1042926C CN 1042926 C CN1042926 C CN 1042926C CN 92102484 A CN92102484 A CN 92102484A CN 92102484 A CN92102484 A CN 92102484A CN 1042926 C CN1042926 C CN 1042926C
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load bearing
rock
novel foam
building material
mica
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陈中岩
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/06Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
    • C04B38/063Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B38/0635Compounding ingredients
    • C04B38/0645Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
    • C04B38/068Carbonaceous materials, e.g. coal, carbon, graphite, hydrocarbons

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明是一种新型泡沫轻质承重建筑材料。它是将含有SiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3,FeO,K2O,Na2O,CaO,MgO,H2O等的云母型片岩,经熔烧而制成承重砖。本发明在熔烧过程中形成大量封闭的气泡,分子结构重新排列,层状岩石矿物消失,转化为石英、尖晶石的密实立方堆积。因此本发明具有良好的强度,硬度和耐火,保温,抗冻、耐腐蚀等性能,容重承重级可达400-900kg/M3,吸水率小于1%。此外,还可进行切割、锯、钻等再加工。本发明可以在高层建筑,化工,制冷等领域广泛应用。

Description

新型泡沫轻质承重砖的制作方法
本发明涉及一种建筑材料,尤其是一种新型泡沫轻质承重砖的制作方法。
承重墙体材料是重要的建筑材料。它不仅要求具有相当的抗压强度,耐火度、保温性等,同时还要求限制其吸水率,以保证建筑物的抗冻性,安全性及寿命。在今天,随着市场高层建筑建设的发展,对承重轻质墙体材料又增加了容重指标。然而,现有技术中用于高层建筑的轻质承重砖,虽然它们的抗压强度、导热系数、容重等指标均满足设计要求,但其吸水率仍偏高,当在北方寒冷地带使用时,将会因冻融而影响建筑物寿命。此外、一些承重砖如:陶粒空心大砖砌材,还存在着生产成本高等缺陷。
本发明的目的是提供一种以二氧化硅(中性)云母型片岩为原料,经熔烧而制成新型泡沫轻质承重砖的制作方法,以满足建筑业对承重砖的高强、轻质、抗冻、耐火、保温等要求。
本发明的目的是通过下述技术方案实现的。
新型泡沫轻质承重砖的制作方法,采用云母型片岩经过熔烧而制成。它的特征在于云母型片岩的分子构型界于链状与架状之间;二氧化硅含量为中性部分;硅氧比在2-3之间,并且含有氧化铝、助熔剂R2O和RO、水及杂质;助熔剂R2O可以是K2O或Na2O中的至少一种,助熔剂RO可以是MgO,CaO,FeO,或MnO中的至少一种;云母型片岩中难熔物与助熔剂符合如下的比例关系、即:
Figure C9210248400031
将以上成分用如下熔烧工艺步骤制成成品:
(1)进行石料粗碎;
(2)配入1%发泡剂炭粉;
(3)石料预热至1200℃;
(4)石料熔烧至1400-1700℃,形成封闭的气孔;
(5)控制温度在1280-1350时人型模,并刮平、整形;
(6)脱模;
(7)以0.75-30℃(cm,min的冷却速度,进行增强结晶退火;
(8)出料,温度低于200℃。
以下结合实施例对本发明及其原理予以详细叙述。
本发明所用岩石出于区域变质地带,是一种不同于粘土,高岭石型,滑石--叶腊石型的岩石,而属于绢云母型和混入绿泥石型等的云母型片岩。其分子构型界于链状与架状构型之间的层状构型。按SiO2含量高低而分,是界于酸岩和基性岩之间的中性岩部分,为52-65%,最佳范围在55-65%。硅氧比在2-3之间选用。当Si∶O=2.5时,岩石均为层状结构。
选用的云母型片岩中各成分的含量的重量百分比可以在以下范围:
(1)SiO2                   52~65;
(2)Al2O3                 15~22;
(3)Fe2O3+FeO             2.0~8;
(4)R2O                    2.5~8;
(5)RO                      2.5~6;
(6)水                      0.2~0.75;
(7)杂质                     其余。
选用的岩石,可以是下述层状岩石,如:千枚岩、云母片岩,二云母片岩等,它们的化学成分含量为(%):
           千枚岩       云母片岩      二云母片岩(1)SiO2       60.0         64.3          67.7(2)Al2O3     20.7         17.5          16.6(3)Fe2O3      3.0          2.4           1.9(4)FeO          4.8          4.6           3.4(5)K2O         4.0          3.7           3.5(6)Na2O        2.0          1.9           3.1(7)CaO          1.2          1.9           2.0(8)MgO          2.0          2.7           1.8(9)H2O         0.4          0.4           0.4(10)杂质        其余         其余          其余
新型泡沫轻质承重砖的熔烧工艺可以按以下步骤进行:(1)将石料粗碎(大约φ8cm);(2)配入1%的发泡剂炭粉;(3)通过提升机将块状云母片岩送入旋转炉一端,预热至1200℃;(4)当岩石运行到烧成端时,石料熔烧至1400-1700℃;(5)在空气中冷却,并控制温度在1280℃-1350℃时入型模,并刮平或碾压整型;(6)脱模;(7)进入退入炉以0.75-30℃/cm.min的冷却速度,进行增强结晶退火;出料,温度小于200℃。
本发明因高温熔触和膨胀而形成特有的性能,这是由于选用的绝缘、保温、熔点高,强度大的绢云母,黑云母,石英等层状结构明显的硅酸盐岩石,在预热中层间开裂,缝隙增大,在达到熔点时,薄层边缘首先封闭,形成封闭气泡,随着温度继续升高,内部空气也逐步熔合封闭,形成大量气孔(约φ1-10mm),层状岩石矿物消失,分子结构重新排列,转化为石英、尖晶石密实立方堆积。因此本发明具有良好的强度,硬度和耐火、保温、抗冻、耐腐蚀等性能。经实测,本发明的承重级的容重可达400-900Kg/M3;抗压强度为0.3-12MPa;耐火度1270℃;吸水率在1%以下。此外,本发明制成的承重砖还可以进行切割、锯、钻等再加工、以适应工程设计的特殊需要、它也可以制成粒状,或将制成的承重砖破碎成小块,再制成多孔异型混凝土砖(泡沫石空心大砖砌材),可以取代原多孔混凝土砖内的陶粒。本发明可以在高层建筑、化工、制冷等领域广泛应用。

Claims (2)

1、一种新型泡沫轻质承重砖的制作方法,采用云母型片岩经过熔烧而制成,它的特征在于云母型片岩的分子构型界于链状与架状之间;二氧化硅含量为中性岩部分,硅氧比在2-3之间,并且含有氧化铝、助熔剂R2O和RO、水及杂质;助熔剂R2O可以是K2O或Na2O中的至少一种,助熔剂RO可以是MgO,CaO,FeO或MaO中的至少一种;云母型片岩中难熔物与助熔剂符合如下的比例关系,即:
将以上成分用如下熔烧工艺步骤制成成品:
(1)进行石料粗碎;
(2 )配入1%发泡剂炭粉;
(3)石料预热至1200℃;
(4)石料熔烧至1400-1700℃,形成封闭的气孔;
(5)控制温度在1280-1350℃时人型模,并刮平、整形;
(6)脱模;
(7)以0.75-30℃/cm,min的冷却速度,进行增强结晶退火;
(8)出料,温度低于200℃。
2、按照权利要求1所述的承重砖的制作方法:其云母型片岩中各成分的含量的重量百分比的特征在于:
(1)SiO2             52~65;
(2)Al2O3           15~22;
(3)Fe2O3+FeO       2.0~8;
(4)R2O              2.5~8;
(5)RO                2.5~6;
(6)水                0.2~0.75,
(7)杂质              其余。
CN92102484A 1992-04-10 1992-04-10 新型泡沫轻质承重砖的制作方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1042926C (zh)

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CN100393655C (zh) * 2005-11-26 2008-06-11 十堰钰源烽建材有限公司 渣土烧结砖
CN103435363A (zh) * 2013-08-23 2013-12-11 宜兴市华嘉耐火电瓷材料有限公司 石灰窑用高强轻质粘土砖
CN105924191B (zh) * 2016-04-28 2018-09-04 郑州瑞泰耐火科技有限公司 一种耐火砖的铝酸钾制备原料及耐火砖的制备方法
CN112408830B (zh) * 2020-11-27 2022-07-15 华新水泥股份有限公司 一种陶粒及其制备方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5669272A (en) * 1979-10-31 1981-06-10 Ngk Spark Plug Co Manufacture of fluorine mica ceramic sintered body
US4828926A (en) * 1987-12-04 1989-05-09 Inotel Inc. Aluminum phosphate bonded micas and composite thereof

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5669272A (en) * 1979-10-31 1981-06-10 Ngk Spark Plug Co Manufacture of fluorine mica ceramic sintered body
US4828926A (en) * 1987-12-04 1989-05-09 Inotel Inc. Aluminum phosphate bonded micas and composite thereof

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
硅酸盐辞典 1984.6.1 中国建筑工业出版社;中国硅酸盐学会 *

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