CN104267408A - Navigation constellation inter-satellite link transceiver device time delay calibration method - Google Patents
Navigation constellation inter-satellite link transceiver device time delay calibration method Download PDFInfo
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
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Abstract
The invention provides a navigation constellation inter-satellite link transceiver device time delay calibration method. The method comprises the steps of adding a bidirectional calibration channel, a medium-frequency switch matrix and a radio-frequency switch matrix on a transceiver device, conducting time-sharing control on the radio-frequency switch matrix and the medium-frequency switch matrix, sequentially enabling every two of a transmitting channel, a receiving channel and the bidirectional calibration channel to be communicated, performing closed loop time delay testing to obtain three time delay values, and finally calculating an absolute time delay Tt of the transmitting channel and an absolute time delay Tr of the receiving channel according to the three time delay values, wherein the time delay amount serves as a transceiver device time delay zero value to be substituted into inter-satellite link time delay measurement data for time delay calibration, and transceiver device time delay calibration is achieved. By means of the navigation constellation inter-satellite link transceiver device time delay calibration method, on-orbit real-time measurement of a transceiver can be achieved, and transceiver device delay calibration can be completed in a single satellite, namely the defect of static testing is avoided. In addition, compared with other dynamic methods, multi-satellite or multi-antenna participated time delay measurement work is not needed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of time delay calibrating method, particularly a kind of method of demarcating for navigation constellation inter-satellite link transceiver equipment time delay.
Background technology
Navigation constellation independent navigation refers to that navigation constellation satellite is when to can not get ground system for a long time and support, by bidirectional ranging, exchanges data and satellite-borne processor filtering process between star, the satellite Long-term forecasting ephemeris that continuous correction land station injects and timing parameter, and autonomous generation navigation message and the basic configuration of maintenance constellation, meet the process of user's high precision navigator fix application demand.Realizing precise distance measurement and time synchronized between star is determine navigation constellation inter-satellite link finally one of gordian technique realizing level.The functions such as the precise distance measurement between star and time synchronized are all realized by transceiver on star, and in the change of transceiver equipment time delay null value and passband, the fluctuation of group delay directly has influence on the precision of bidirectional ranging between star.Therefore, the accurate measurement of transceiver time delay and calibration for improving inter-satellite link signal measurement precision, realize navigation constellation high precision orbit determination and time synchronized significant.
Inter-satellite link transceiver is the specific implementation of precise distance measurement and the communication technology between star, be made up of digital baseband platform, precise distance measurement and communication of algorithms software, route test software, reception/transmission channel, carry inter-satellite link networking and measure the major functions such as communication, is the core intelligent units of inter-satellite link.
When inter-satellite link uses two-way radio distance-finding method to complete precise distance measurement and time synchronized, because the equipment such as frequency converter, power amplifier, LNA of transceiver is all non-linear phase system (dispersive channel), spread-spectrum signal can produce group delay fluctuation and phase distortion through these non-ideal transmission channels.The error introduced by equipment delay is the maximum error source in two-way radio range measurement system, controls this error may reach several ns magnitude if do not add.Therefore, range finding and the precision of time synchronized are limited by accurate measurement to transceiver time delay null value and Group Delay Ripple and calibration largely.
Current time-delay measuring method mainly comprises two large classes, the first kind is static method, also the static measurement test macro connected namely is built, by instrument and equipment as the various testing tools such as phasometer, oscillograph, time interval measuring instrucment, VSA and network analyzer are accurately measured time delay.Equations of The Second Kind is dynamic measuring method, and these class methods are according to signal time delay estimation principle, by after carrier modulation by measured device, after output terminal carries out demodulation to signal by with reference signal than carrying out estimation time delay mutually.
Transceiver is under operation on orbit state, the duty of each device can change along with external factor such as time, temperature, vibration, irradiation doses, thus transceiver transmit passage and the receiving cable absolute time delay value under different external environment condition is inconsistent, traditional static measurement method is not suitable with the demand that equipment delay is accurately measured in real time, online gradually, can accurately not characterize the real-time time delay value of satellite each equipment under operation, dynamic approach then can meet the application demand of this respect.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of demarcating for navigation constellation inter-satellite link transceiver equipment time delay.The method belongs to dynamic measuring method, adopt this method can meet measuring in real time in-orbit of transceiver, and the calibration of transceiver time delay can be completed single inside satellite, namely the defect of static test is avoided, simultaneously compared with other dynamic approaches, many stars or multiple antennas is not needed to participate in latency measurement work.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
For the method that navigation constellation inter-satellite link transceiver equipment time delay is demarcated, it is characterized in that,
Step one, in the transceiver comprising transmission channel, receiving cable and baseband board card, add two-way calibrated channel, intermediate frequency switch matrix and radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix; Transmission channel, receiving cable and two-way calibrated channel are parallel between intermediate frequency switch matrix and radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix, and make baseband board card be connected with intermediate frequency switch matrix;
Step 2, Time-sharing control radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix and intermediate frequency switch matrix, transmission channel, receiving cable is made to be communicated with between two with two-way calibrated channel successively, produce modulated intermediate frequency signal by baseband board card, closed loop delay testing is carried out to the path that three are communicated with, obtains three time delay values;
Step 3, calculate the absolute time delay Tt of transmission channel according to described three time delay values, the absolute time delay Tr of receiving cable, bring this delay volume into inter-satellite link latency measurement data as transceiver equipment time delay null value and carry out time-delay calibration, from inter-satellite link overall delay, eliminate the absolute time delay of transmission channel and the absolute time delay of receiving cable, namely complete the demarcation of transceiver equipment time delay.
Further, in order to make under identical working environment, the time delay that radiofrequency signal is transformed to intermediate-freuqncy signal by two-way calibrated channel is consistent with time delay intermediate-freuqncy signal being transformed to radiofrequency signal, and the two-way calibrated channel of the present invention adopts passive frequency conversion device.
Further, in order to make intermediate frequency switch matrix and radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix under identical time delay environment, the time delay that signal produces from the input end of switch to each output terminal is consistent, or its time delay inconsistency is much smaller than the measuring accuracy (nanosecond order) required by system, intermediate frequency switch matrix of the present invention and radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix adopt the semi-conductor chip with single pole multiple throw function to realize as Core Feature device, and chip is equal to the distance of each port, connects, assembling mode is identical.
Further, closed loop delay testing of the present invention is: baseband board card generating strap stabs the modulated intermediate frequency signal of information if having time, this signal can produce certain time delay after entering transmission channel, receiving cable or two-way calibrated channel, this signal is made to form loop and return baseband board card through intermediate frequency switch matrix and radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix gating, baseband board card, by processing the modulated intermediate frequency signal returned, estimates the time delay value that modulated intermediate frequency signal produces after tested passage.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention adds two-way calibrated channel, intermediate frequency switch matrix and radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix on transceiver equipment, and Time-sharing control measures the time delay value of three communication paths, finally calculate the absolute time delay Tt of transmission channel and the absolute time delay Tr of receiving cable according to described time delay value, realize transceiver equipment time delay and demarcate; Therefore this method can meet measuring in real time in-orbit of transceiver, and the calibration of transceiver time delay can be completed single inside satellite, namely avoid the defect of static test, simultaneously compared with other dynamic approaches, do not need many stars or multiple antennas to participate in latency measurement work.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of navigation constellation inter-satellite link transceiver equipment time delay scaling method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the composition schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is for carrying out transmission channel to receiving cable closed loop latency measurement link composition diagram.
Fig. 4 is for carrying out transmission channel to two-way calibrated channel closed loop latency measurement link composition diagram.
Fig. 5 is for carrying out two-way calibrated channel to receiving cable closed loop latency measurement link composition diagram.
Embodiment
To develop simultaneously embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of for navigation constellation inter-satellite link transceiver equipment time delay scaling method, concrete implementation step as shown in Figure 1, comprising:
Step one, the calibration system adding two-way calibrated channel, intermediate frequency switch matrix and radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix formation transceiver equipment time delay in the transceiver comprising transmission channel, receiving cable and baseband board card and demarcation environment, transmission channel, receiving cable and two-way calibrated channel is made to be parallel between intermediate frequency switch matrix and radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix, and make baseband board card be connected with intermediate frequency switch matrix, as shown in Figure 2.
Step 2, Time-sharing control radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix and intermediate frequency switch matrix, transmission channel, receiving cable is made to be communicated with between two with two-way calibrated channel successively, modulated intermediate frequency signal is produced by baseband board card, closed loop delay testing is carried out to the path that three are communicated with, obtain three time delay values, detailed process is as follows:
(1), as shown in Figure 3, by intermediate frequency switch matrix Z4, Z1 two-port gating, the modulated intermediate frequency signal that baseband board card generating strap stabs information is if having time exported by S1 port, through the intermediate frequency end (A1) of intermediate frequency switch Input matrix transmission channel, modulated intermediate frequency signal enters transmission channel and up-conversion and power amplification form rf modulated signal in transmission channel, export from transmission channel radio-frequency head (A2), by radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix X1, X2 two-port gating, rf modulated signal enters the radio-frequency head (B2) of receiving cable through radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix, and in receiving cable, carry out low noise amplification and down-converted obtain echo signal of intermediate frequency (modulated intermediate frequency signal namely returned) and exported by receiving cable intermediate frequency end (B1), by intermediate frequency switch Z5, Z2 two-port gating, B1 is made to hold the echo signal of intermediate frequency exported after intermediate frequency switch matrix, input the intermediate-freuqncy signal receiving end (S2) of baseband board card, after board acquisition process, the propagation delay that can calculate modulation signal is T1,
Equation can be obtained: T1=Ts11+Tt+Ts21+Tr+Ts12;
Wherein, Ts11 is the Signal transmissions time delay that intermediate frequency switch matrix realizes baseband board card and is connected with transmission channel, Tt is transmission channel Signal transmissions time delay, Ts21 is the Signal transmissions time delay that radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix realizes transmission channel and is connected with receiving cable, Tr is receiving cable Signal transmissions time delay, and Ts12 is the Signal transmissions time delay that intermediate frequency switch matrix realizes receiving cable and is connected with baseband board card.
(2), as shown in Figure 4, by intermediate frequency switch matrix Z4, Z1 two-port gating, the modulated intermediate frequency signal that baseband board card generating strap stabs information is if having time exported by S1 port, through the intermediate frequency end (A1) of intermediate frequency switch Input matrix transmission channel, modulated intermediate frequency signal enters transmission channel and up-conversion and power amplification form rf modulated signal in transmission channel, export from transmission channel radio-frequency head (A2), by radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix X1, X3 two-port gating, rf modulated signal enters the radio-frequency head (C2) of two-way calibrated channel through radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix, and in two-way calibrated channel, carry out down-converted obtain echo signal of intermediate frequency and exported by two-way calibrated channel intermediate frequency end (C1), by intermediate frequency switch Z5, Z3 two-port gating, C1 is made to hold the echo signal of intermediate frequency exported after intermediate frequency switch matrix, input baseband board card intermediate-freuqncy signal receiving end (S2), after board acquisition process, the propagation delay that can clear out modulation signal is T2,
Equation can be obtained: T2=Ts11+Tt+Ts22+Tx+Ts13;
Wherein, Ts22 is the Signal transmissions time delay that radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix realizes transmission channel and is connected with two-way calibrated channel, Tx is two-way calibrated channel Signal transmissions time delay, and Ts13 is the Signal transmissions time delay that intermediate frequency switch matrix realizes two-way calibrated channel and is connected with baseband board card.
(3), as shown in Figure 5, by intermediate frequency switch matrix Z4, Z3 two-port gating, the modulated intermediate frequency signal with timestamp information that baseband board card produces is exported by S1 port, through the intermediate frequency end (C1) of the two-way calibrated channel of intermediate frequency switch Input matrix, modulated intermediate frequency signal enters two-way calibrated channel and form rf modulated signal after up-conversion in two-way calibrated channel, export from two-way calibrated channel radio-frequency head (C2), by the X2 of radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix, X3 two-port gating, rf modulated signal enters receiving cable radio-frequency head (B2) through radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix and in receiving cable, carries out low noise amplification and down-converted and obtains echo signal of intermediate frequency and export by receiving passage intermediate frequency end (B1), by the Z2 of intermediate frequency switch, Z5 two-port gating, B1 is made to hold the echo signal of intermediate frequency exported after intermediate frequency switch matrix, input baseband board card intermediate-freuqncy signal receiving end (S2), after board acquisition process, the propagation delay that can clear out modulation signal is T3,
Equation can be obtained: T3=Ts13+Tx+Ts23+Tr+Ts12;
Wherein, Ts23 is the Signal transmissions time delay that radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix realizes when two-way calibrated channel is connected with receiving cable.
Step 3, calculate the absolute time delay Tt of transmission channel according to described three time delay values, the absolute time delay Tr of receiving cable, bring this delay volume into inter-satellite link latency measurement data as transceiver equipment time delay null value and carry out time-delay calibration, from inter-satellite link overall delay, eliminate the absolute time delay of transmission channel and the absolute time delay of receiving cable, namely complete the demarcation of transceiver equipment time delay.Detailed process is as follows:
Can system of equations be obtained as follows by (1), (2) and (3) in step 2:
T1＝Ts1+Tt+Ts2+Tr+Ts1； (1)
T2＝Ts1+Tt+Ts2+Tx+Ts1； (2)
T3＝Ts1+Tx+Ts2+Tr+Ts1； (3)
Characteristic according to intermediate frequency switch matrix possesses: it is consistent with the propagation delay time Ts13 three of being transmitted by Z2 to Z5 between time delay TS12 used and Z5 and Z3 two-port that modulated intermediate frequency signal transmits time delay Ts11 used by Z4 to Z1, or its time delay inconsistency is much smaller than the measuring accuracy (nanosecond) required by system, therefore can obtain:
Ts11＝Ts12＝Ts13； (4)
In like manner for radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix, can obtain:
Ts21＝Ts22＝Ts23； (5)
Simultaneous formula (1) ~ formula (5) can obtain
The absolute time delay of transceiver transmit passage: Tt=(T1+T2-T3)/2, namely calculates the absolute time delay value of transceiver transmit passage by (1), (2) and (3) in step 2.
The absolute time delay of transceiver receiving cable; Tr=(T2+T3-T1)/2, namely calculates the absolute time delay value of transceiver receiving cable by (1), (2) and (3) in step 2.
Transmission channel of the present invention possesses function intermediate-freuqncy signal being converted into radiofrequency signal; And certain power amplification can be carried out to signal; Signal input end of intermediate frequency mouth is designated as A1, and RF signal output mouth is designated as A2; Its time delay value is designated as Tt.
Receiving cable of the present invention possesses the low-noise reception of radio frequency signal and is converted into the function of intermediate-freuqncy signal; Signal input end of intermediate frequency mouth is designated as B1, and RF signal output mouth is designated as B2; Its time delay value is designated as Tr.
Two-way calibrated channel of the present invention possesses the function of frequency transformation, radiofrequency signal can be transformed to intermediate-freuqncy signal, also intermediate-freuqncy signal can be transformed to radiofrequency signal, intermediate frequency signal port is designated as C1, radiofrequency signal port is designated as C2, namely namely signal can be exported by C2 mouth after frequency transformation from C1 input, also can be exported by C1 mouth after frequency transformation from the input of C2 mouth, unidirectional device and passive device is not adopted in design, and only adopt passive device such as passive frequency mixer, cavity body filters etc. are to ensure (to comprise temperature under identical experiment environment, humidity, vibration level, air pressure, irradiation dose etc.), radiofrequency signal is transformed to that the time delay of intermediate-freuqncy signal is consistent with time delay intermediate-freuqncy signal being transformed to radiofrequency signal is designated as Tx by two-way calibrated channel.
Radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix of the present invention has the function of radiofrequency signal gating, after transceiver transmit passage, receiving cable, two-way calibrated channel are connected with switch matrix, by receiving the respective switch steering order that baseband board card sends, radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix can realize the gating of transmission channel RF signal output and receiving cable radio-frequency (RF) signal input end, also can realize the gating of transmission channel RF signal output and two-way calibrated channel radiofrequency signal end, also can realize the gating of two-way calibrated channel radiofrequency signal end and receiving cable radio-frequency (RF) signal input end.Radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix comprises X1, X2, X3, X4, X5 totally 5 external interfaces, wherein X1 connects with transmission channel radio-frequency head A2, and X2 connects with receiving cable radio-frequency head B2, and X3 connects with two-way calibrated channel radio-frequency head C2, X4 connects with external emission antenna, and X5 then connects with external reception antenna.
Intermediate frequency switch matrix of the present invention has the function of intermediate-freuqncy signal gating, after transceiver transmit passage, receiving cable, two-way calibrated channel are connected with intermediate frequency switch matrix, by receiving the respective switch steering order that baseband board card sends, radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix can realize transmission channel signal input end of intermediate frequency or two-way calibrated channel intermediate-freuqncy signal end is connected with the intermediate-freuqncy signal output terminal of baseband board card, also can realize the signal gating of receiving cable medium frequency output end or two-way calibrated channel intermediate frequency end and baseband board card intermediate-freuqncy signal receiving end.Intermediate frequency switch matrix comprises Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5 totally 5 external interfaces, wherein Z1 is connected with transmission channel intermediate frequency end A1, Z2 is connected with receiving cable intermediate frequency end B1, Z3 is connected with two-way calibrated channel intermediate frequency end C1, Z4 is connected with baseband board card intermediate-freuqncy signal transmitting terminal S1, and Z5 is connected with baseband board card intermediate-freuqncy signal receiving end S2.
For the intermediate frequency switch matrix described in this programme and radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix, it is under identical time delay environment, the time delay that signal produces from the input end of switch to each output terminal is consistent, or its time delay inconsistency is much smaller than the measuring accuracy (nanosecond order) required by system.For realizing this function, the semi-conductor chip with single pole multiple throw function can be adopted to realize as Core Feature device, and chip is equal to the position of each port, connects, assembling mode is identical.
Baseband board card of the present invention has modulated intermediate frequency signal and produces and processing capacity, baseband board card adopts the modes such as such as spread-spectrum modulation technique to produce modulated intermediate frequency signal, this modulated intermediate frequency signal is after the conditionings such as transceiver transmit passage, receiving cable, two-way calibrated channel, return baseband board card, the propagation delay of modulated intermediate frequency signal can be calculated after board sampling and processing, it comprises two ports, wherein modulated intermediate frequency signal output port is designated as S1, and modulated intermediate frequency signal receiving end is designated as S2.
Closed loop delay testing of the present invention, refers to and adopts time delay dynamic measurement method, as utilized the closed loop time delay of the principle Measurement channel of spread spectrum pseudo range measurement.Be specially the modulated intermediate frequency signal that baseband board card generating strap stabs information if having time, this signal produces certain time delay after entering transmission channel, receiving cable or two-way calibrated channel, this signal is made to form loop and return baseband board card through intermediate frequency switch matrix and radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix gating, baseband board card, by processing the modulated intermediate frequency signal returned, can estimate the time delay value that modulated intermediate frequency signal produces after tested passage.
In sum, these are only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1., for the method that navigation constellation inter-satellite link transceiver equipment time delay is demarcated, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step one, in the transceiver comprising transmission channel, receiving cable and baseband board card, add two-way calibrated channel, intermediate frequency switch matrix and radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix; Transmission channel, receiving cable and two-way calibrated channel are parallel between intermediate frequency switch matrix and radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix, and make baseband board card be connected with intermediate frequency switch matrix;
Step 2, Time-sharing control radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix and intermediate frequency switch matrix, transmission channel, receiving cable is made to be communicated with between two with two-way calibrated channel successively, produce modulated intermediate frequency signal by baseband board card, closed loop delay testing is carried out to the path that three are communicated with, obtains three time delay values;
Step 3, calculate the absolute time delay Tt of transmission channel and the absolute time delay Tr of receiving cable according to described three time delay values, bring Tt and Tr into inter-satellite link latency measurement data as transceiver equipment time delay null value and carry out time-delay calibration, from inter-satellite link overall delay, eliminate the absolute time delay of transmission channel and the absolute time delay of receiving cable, namely complete the demarcation of transceiver equipment time delay.
2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of for navigation constellation inter-satellite link transceiver equipment time delay demarcate method, it is characterized in that, described two-way calibrated channel adopts passive frequency conversion device.
3. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of for navigation constellation inter-satellite link transceiver equipment time delay demarcate method, it is characterized in that, intermediate frequency switch matrix and radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix adopt the semi-conductor chip with single pole multiple throw function to realize, and chip is equal to the distance of each port.
4. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of for navigation constellation inter-satellite link transceiver equipment time delay demarcate method, it is characterized in that, described closed loop delay testing is: baseband board card generating strap stabs the modulated intermediate frequency signal of information if having time, this signal enters transmission channel, certain time delay is produced after receiving cable or two-way calibrated channel, this signal is made to form loop and return baseband board card through intermediate frequency switch matrix and radio-frequency (RF) switch matrix gating, baseband board card is by processing the modulated intermediate frequency signal returned, estimate the time delay value that modulated intermediate frequency signal produces after tested passage.
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