CN104267407B - Initiative imaging method and system based on compressed sampling - Google Patents
Initiative imaging method and system based on compressed sampling Download PDFInfo
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- CN104267407B CN104267407B CN201410464799.XA CN201410464799A CN104267407B CN 104267407 B CN104267407 B CN 104267407B CN 201410464799 A CN201410464799 A CN 201410464799A CN 104267407 B CN104267407 B CN 104267407B
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
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- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 78
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 41
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
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- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of initiative imaging, and provides an initiative imaging system based on compressed sampling. The initiative imaging system comprises a pulsed light signal generating device used for generating pulsed light signals, a light imaging device used for imaging the pulsed light signals generated by the pulsed light signal generating device, a light collecting device used for collecting reflected light formed by a pulsed light signal irradiation target scene processed by the light imaging device, a first light modulator used for carrying out first spectrum modulation on the reflected light collected by the light collecting device, and an image reconstructing device used for carrying out image reconstruction on the pulsed light signals modulated by the first light modulator. According to the initiative imaging system, a digital micromirror array and other mechanical structures in a traditional single-pixel imaging system are removed, and the imaging speed is greatly increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Active Imaging field, in particular it relates to the Active Imaging method and apparatus based on compression sampling.
Background technology
In imaging systems, according to lighting source is whether there is, it is divided into two kinds of imaging modes of Active Imaging and imaging and passive imaging.Passively
The characteristics of imaging is maximum is that itself is radiated without light source, the dependence natural light such as target or the Ambient sun or target itself, is made
These small-signals are detected with imaging device and is ultimately imaged.Active Imaging is referred to using artificially lighting mode, using one
Artificial optical radiation source irradiates target, and is collected using receiver and detect partial radiation of the object scene directly or after reflection simultaneously
Finally it is imaged.There is high intensity, high collimation due to laser, monochromaticity is good, be easy to synchronous, thus in Active Imaging system
In system usually using laser instrument as lighting source irradiating target, exploring laser light pulse echo signal obtains the high score of target
Resolution image.Combined with advanced image processing techniquess detection target using Laser active illuminated imaging technology, can be in zero illumination
Under the conditions of, target acquisition is carried out in regions of interest at any time.
Compression sampling technology is a kind of new Signal Collection Technology, and its essence is useful information to be acquired and is abandoned
Garbage so that the collecting efficiency of signal is higher, overcomes the restriction of Nyquist law, signal sampling and Signal Compression
Carry out simultaneously.Single pixel imaging is important application of the compression sampling technology in imaging field, using compression sampling principle, it is only necessary to
The detector of single pixel can just realize the acquisition of entire image, greatly reduce storage and the transmitted data amount of image, carry
High imaging motility.The basic structure of traditional single pixel imaging is to include optical lenses, digital micromirror array (DMD) and single picture
Plain detector etc..Imaging beam is mapped on digital micromirror array using optical lenses, by the eyeglass of digital micromirror array
Adjustment, obtains random measurement matrix.Then the light that digital micromirror array reflects is focused on Jiao by an optical lenses again again
On point, placing a single pixel detector in focal position carries out the detection of signal, constitutes an image measurement.Through repeatedly this
The measurement process of sample, obtains enough data, then the recovery that image is carried out by corresponding compression sampling algorithm.Generally measurement time
Number is the 20% of the image slices vegetarian refreshments recovery that can just realize most of image.It follows that using the single pixel of compression sampling
Imaging system can reduce an order of magnitude the data volume of image, and compression and two processes of sampling are combined together,
Simplify imaging system.But, this method has a very big defect, that is, digital micromirror array is typically micro mechanical structure
Or liquid-crystal apparatus, this causes, and micro mirror array speed when random matrix is adjusted is excessively slow, and image taking speed is substantially reduced, and is not surpassed
100 frames/second is spent, this causes single pixel imaging system for shooting static or accurate static image, and can only can not obtain height
Fast image and video, seriously limit the range of application of single pixel imaging.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above of prior art presence, the invention provides a kind of Active Imaging based on compression sampling
The imaging method of system, including：Pulsed optical signals are produced using pulse optical signal generating device；The pulsed optical signals are occurred
The pulsed optical signals that device is produced carry out the first spectral modulation；Pulsed optical signals after the first spectral modulation are input to into light
Imaging device；Using the pulsed optical signals irradiation target scene exported from the photoimaging equipment；Gathered using optical acquisition device
The reflected light of the target scene；Image reconstruction is carried out to the reflected light using image reconstruction device.
Alternatively, it is described that the pulsed optical signals that the pulse optical signal generating device is produced are carried out into the first spectral modulation
Step includes：Pseudo noise code is produced according to the resolution of desired image；Pscudo-random codc modulation is arrived into pulsed optical signals
Spectrally.
Alternatively, the pixel number of the desired image is N, then the pseudo noise code includes the sequence of M, each
The sequence includes N number of chip.
Alternatively, M is the 20%-40% of N.
Alternatively, it is described that the pulsed optical signals that the pulse optical signal generating device is produced are carried out into the first spectral modulation
Before step, also include：The frequency spectrum of the pulsed optical signals is launched in time domain.
Alternatively, the pulse optical signal generating device includes：The light source for having pulse to export.
Alternatively, the pulse optical signal generating device includes：Ultrashort light pulse source.
Alternatively, the photoimaging equipment includes：Scattered grating and the first lens；It is described will be after the first spectral modulation
Pulsed optical signals include the step of be input to photoimaging equipment：Pulsed optical signals after modulation are input to scattered grating is carried out
The scattering of spectrum；Pulsed optical signals after scattering are focused by the first lens.
Alternatively, the photoimaging equipment also includes：Polarization adjusting device；The arteries and veins by after the first spectral modulation
The step of pulsed light signal is input to photoimaging equipment includes：Pulsed optical signals after modulation are input to polarization adjusting device is carried out
Polarization adjustment；The pulsed optical signals carried out after polarization adjustment are input to scattered grating carries out the scattering of spectrum；After scattering
Pulsed optical signals are focused by the first lens.
Alternatively, the photoimaging equipment includes：First lens；Using the pulsed light letter exported from the photoimaging equipment
Number irradiation target scene the step of include：The target scene is placed on the focal point of first lens；Using from described first
The pulsed optical signals that lens are appeared irradiate the target scene.
Alternatively, the optical acquisition device includes：Second lens；The anti-of the target scene is gathered using optical acquisition device
The step for penetrating light includes：Second lens are placed on into a fixed position, in the fixed position, the target scene to described
The distance of two lens is the focal length of second lens.
Alternatively, the step of carrying out image reconstruction to the reflected light using image reconstruction device includes：To what is collected
Pulsed optical signals carry out single pixel compression；Optical signal after single pixel is compressed is converted into into the signal of telecommunication；To the signal of telecommunication
Carry out image reconstruction.
Alternatively, it is described that the pulsed optical signals that the pulse optical signal generating device is produced are carried out into the first spectral modulation
Step includes：Pseudo noise code is produced according to the resolution of desired image；Pscudo-random codc modulation is arrived into pulsed optical signals
Spectrally；The step of image reconstruction is carried out to the signal of telecommunication includes：Figure is carried out to the signal of telecommunication using the pseudo noise code
As reconstruct.
Alternatively, the pulsed optical signals to collecting carry out the step of single pixel is compressed also includes：Collect to described
Pulsed optical signals are compressed in time domain；Single pixel pressure is carried out to the pulsed optical signals after compression using the pseudo noise code
Contracting.
Alternatively, the imaging system includes：First Dispersive Devices；Described image reconstruct device includes：Second dispersor
Part；Before the step of pulsed optical signals by pulse optical signal generating device generation carry out the first spectral modulation, also
Including：The frequency spectrum of the pulsed optical signals is launched in time domain using first Dispersive Devices；To the pulsed light for collecting
Signal carries out the step of single pixel is compressed to be included：Using the second Dispersive Devices to the pulsed optical signals for collecting in time domain
It is compressed；Using the pseudo noise code modulated in first spectral modulation on the pulsed optical signals to compression after
Pulsed optical signals carry out single pixel compression；The dispersion values of first Dispersive Devices are D1, and the dispersion values of second device are
D2, D1=-D2.
Alternatively, the pulse optical signal generating device includes：Optical signal generator, the second pattern generator and second
Photomodulator；The step of use pulse optical signal generating device produces pulsed optical signals, including：The optical signal generator
The optical signal of no pulse output is produced, and is input to the second photomodulator；Second pattern generator produces pulse signal, and
It is input to second photomodulator；Second photomodulator is by the pulse signal modulation to the optical signal.
Alternatively, the pulse signal that second pattern generator is produced occurs according to imaging rate and the optical signal
The spectral width of device is produced.
Alternatively, the imaging system includes：First pattern generator；It is described that the pulse optical signal generating device is produced
The step of raw pulsed optical signals carry out the first spectral modulation includes：Pseudo noise code is produced using the first pattern generator；By puppet
Random code modulation arrives pulsed optical signals spectrally；The clock of first pattern generator and second pattern generator is believed
Number synchronization.
Alternatively, the imaging system also includes, clock source；The clock source produces synchronizing clock signals, is input to the
One waveform or pattern generator and the second waveform or pattern generator.
Alternatively, the optical signal generator includes：Noncoherent broadband light source.
According to another aspect of the present invention, additionally provide a kind of imaging side of the active imaging system based on compression sampling
Method, including：Pulsed optical signals are produced using pulse optical signal generating device；The arteries and veins that the pulse optical signal generating device is produced
Pulsed light signal is input to photoimaging equipment；Using the pulsed optical signals irradiation target scene exported from the photoimaging equipment；Make
The reflected light of the target scene is gathered with optical acquisition device；First spectrum is carried out to the reflected light of optical acquisition device collection
Modulation；The pulsed optical signals after the first spectral modulation are carried out into image reconstruction using image reconstruction device.
Alternatively, the step of reflected light to optical acquisition device collection carries out the first spectral modulation includes：Root
Pseudo noise code is produced according to the resolution of desired image；By the spectrum of the pulsed optical signals of pscudo-random codc modulation to reflected light
On.
Alternatively, the pixel number of the desired image is N, then the pseudo noise code includes the sequence of M, each
The sequence includes N number of chip.
Alternatively, M is the 20%-40% of N.
Alternatively, it is described to the light signal acquisition device collection reflected light carry out the first spectral modulation the step of it
Before, also include：The frequency spectrum of the pulsed optical signals of the reflected light is launched in time domain.
Alternatively, the pulse optical signal generating device includes：The light source for having pulse to export.
Alternatively, the pulse optical signal generating device includes：Ultrashort light pulse source.
Alternatively, the photoimaging equipment includes：Scattered grating and the first lens；It is described that the pulsed optical signals are occurred
The step of pulsed optical signals that device is produced are input to photoimaging equipment includes：Pulsed optical signals are input to scattered grating is carried out
The scattering of spectrum；Pulsed optical signals after scattering are focused by the first lens.
Alternatively, the photoimaging equipment also includes：Polarization adjusting device；It is described by the pulse optical signal generating device
The step of pulsed optical signals of generation are input to photoimaging equipment includes：Pulsed optical signals after modulation are input to into polarization adjustment
Device carries out polarization adjustment；The pulsed optical signals carried out after polarization adjustment are input to scattered grating carries out the scattering of spectrum；Will
Pulsed optical signals after scattering are focused by the first lens.
Alternatively, the photoimaging equipment includes：First lens；Using the pulsed light letter exported from the photoimaging equipment
Number irradiation target scene the step of include：The target scene is placed on the focal point of first lens；Using from described first
The pulsed optical signals that lens are appeared irradiate the target scene.
Alternatively, the optical acquisition device includes：Second lens；The anti-of the target scene is gathered using optical acquisition device
The step for penetrating light includes：Second lens are placed on into a fixed position, in the fixed position, the target scene to described
The distance of two lens is the focal length of second lens.
Alternatively, image reconstruction is carried out to the pulsed optical signals after the first spectral modulation using image reconstruction device
Step includes：Single pixel compression is carried out to the pulsed optical signals after the first spectral modulation；By after single pixel is compressed
Optical signal is converted into the signal of telecommunication；Image reconstruction is carried out to the signal of telecommunication.
Alternatively, the step of reflected light to optical acquisition device collection carries out the first spectral modulation includes：Root
Pseudo noise code is produced according to the resolution of desired image；By the spectrum of the pulsed optical signals of pscudo-random codc modulation to reflected light
On；The step of image reconstruction is carried out to the signal of telecommunication includes：Image weight is carried out to the signal of telecommunication using the pseudo noise code
Structure.
Alternatively, carrying out the step of single pixel is compressed to the pulsed optical signals after the first spectral modulation also includes：It is right
The pulsed optical signals after the first spectral modulation are compressed in time domain；Using the pseudo noise code to compression after
Pulsed optical signals carry out single pixel compression.
Alternatively, the imaging system includes：First Dispersive Devices；Described image reconstruct device includes：Second dispersor
Part；Before the step of reflected light to optical acquisition device collection carries out the first spectral modulation, also include：Using described
The frequency spectrum of the pulsed optical signals of the reflected light is launched in time domain by the first Dispersive Devices；To after the first spectral modulation
Pulsed optical signals carry out the step of single pixel is compressed to be included：Using the second Dispersive Devices to described after the first spectral modulation
Pulsed optical signals are compressed in time domain；The pulsed light after compression is believed using the pseudo noise code in first spectral modulation
Number carry out single pixel compression；The dispersion values of first Dispersive Devices are D1, and the dispersion values of second device are D2, D1=-
D2。
Alternatively, the pulse optical signal generating device includes：Optical signal generator, the second pattern generator and second
Photomodulator；The step of use pulse optical signal generating device produces pulsed optical signals, including：The optical signal generator
The optical signal of no pulse output is produced, and is input to the second photomodulator；Second pattern generator produces pulse signal, and
It is input to second photomodulator；Second photomodulator is by the pulse signal modulation to the optical signal.
Alternatively, the pulse signal that second pattern generator is produced occurs according to imaging rate and the optical signal
The spectral width of device is produced.
Alternatively, the imaging system includes：First pattern generator；The reflected light to optical acquisition device collection is entered
The step of the first spectral modulation of row, includes：Pseudo noise code is produced using the first pattern generator；By pscudo-random codc modulation to described
The pulsed optical signals of reflected light are spectrally；First pattern generator is same with the clock signal of second pattern generator
Step.
Alternatively, the imaging system also includes, clock source；The clock source produces synchronizing clock signals, is input to the
One pattern generator and the second pattern generator.
Alternatively, the optical signal generator includes：Noncoherent broadband light source.
According to another aspect of the invention, a kind of active imaging system based on compression sampling is additionally provided, including：Pulsed light
Signal generation apparatus, for producing pulsed optical signals；First photomodulator, for producing to the pulse optical signal generating device
Pulsed optical signals carry out the first spectral modulation；Photoimaging equipment, for the pulsed optical signals after the first light modulator modulates
It is imaged；Optical acquisition device, for the reflection that the pulsed optical signals irradiation target scene after processing to photoimaging equipment is formed
Light is acquired；Image reconstruction device, the reflected light for collecting to the optical acquisition device carry out image reconstruction.
Alternatively, the imaging system also includes：First pattern generator, for the resolution according to desired image
Rate produces pseudo noise code, and the pseudo noise code for producing is input in first photomodulator；First light modulation
Device is by the pscudo-random codc modulation to the pulsed optical signals.
Alternatively, the pixel number of the desired image is N, then the puppet that first pattern generator is produced with
Machine code includes M sequence, and each described sequence includes N number of chip.
Alternatively, M is the 20%-40% of N.
Alternatively, the imaging system also includes：First Dispersive Devices；First Dispersive Devices are for by the pulse
The frequency spectrum of optical signal launches in time domain；First photomodulator is by the pscudo-random codc modulation to the first Dispersive Devices of Jing
On pulsed optical signals after reason.
Alternatively, the pulse optical signal generating device includes：The light source for having pulse to export.
Alternatively, the pulse optical signal generating device includes：Ultrashort light pulse source.
Alternatively, the photoimaging equipment includes：Scattered grating and the first lens；The scattered grating is for by pulsed light
The spectrum of signal is scattered；First lens are for the spectrum after scattering is focused.
Alternatively, the photoimaging equipment also includes：Polarization adjusting device；The polarization adjusting device is for by pulsed light
Signal carries out polarization adjustment；The scattered grating is scattered for the spectrum of the pulsed optical signals after polarization is adjusted；It is described
First lens are for the spectrum after scattering is focused.
Alternatively, the target scene of pre-imaging is placed on the focal point of first lens；Using saturating from described first
The pulsed optical signals that mirror is appeared irradiate the target scene.
Alternatively, the optical acquisition device includes：Second lens；Second lens are located at a fixed position, solid at this
Positioning is put, and the target scene is to the focal length that the distance of second lens is second lens.
Alternatively, described image reconstruct device includes：Optical-electrical converter, believes for the pulsed light by the reflected light for collecting
Number it is converted into the signal of telecommunication；Processor, for carrying out calculating process to the signal of telecommunication；Display, for carrying out to the image after reconstruct
Show.
Alternatively, described image reconstruct device also includes：Second Dispersive Devices；Second Dispersive Devices are for described
The pulsed optical signals of reflected light are compressed in time domain.
Alternatively, the imaging system also includes：First Dispersive Devices；First Dispersive Devices are for by the pulse
The frequency spectrum of optical signal launches in time domain；First photomodulator is by the pscudo-random codc modulation to the first Dispersive Devices of Jing
On pulsed optical signals after reason；The dispersion values of first Dispersive Devices are D1, and the dispersion values of second device are D2, D1
=-D2.
Alternatively, the imaging system also includes：First pattern generator, for the resolution according to desired image
Rate produces pseudo noise code, and the pseudo noise code for producing is input in first photomodulator；First light modulation
Device is by the pscudo-random codc modulation to the pulsed optical signals；The processor using the first pattern generator produce puppet with
Machine code carries out single pixel compression to the signal of telecommunication after conversion.
Alternatively, the pulse optical signal generating device includes：Optical signal generator, the second pattern generator, the second light
Manipulator；The optical signal generator is used for the optical signal for producing no pulse output；Second pattern generator is used to produce
Pulse signal；Second photomodulator is for the pulse signal modulation that second pattern generator is produced is believed to the light
On the optical signal that number generator is produced.
Alternatively, the optical signal generator includes：Noncoherent broadband light source.
Alternatively, second pattern generator is produced according to the spectral width of imaging rate and the optical signal generator
Raw pulse signal.
Alternatively, the imaging system also includes：First pattern generator, for the resolution according to desired image
Rate produces pseudo noise code, and the pseudo noise code for producing is input in first photomodulator；First light modulation
Device is by the pscudo-random codc modulation to the pulsed optical signals；First pattern generator and second pattern generator
Reference clock synchronization.
Alternatively, the system also includes：Clock source；The clock source produces synchronizing clock signals, is input to first yard
In shape generator and the second pattern generator.
According to a further aspect of the invention, a kind of active imaging system based on compression sampling is additionally provided, including：Arteries and veins
Pulsed light signal generating meanss, for producing pulsed optical signals；Photoimaging equipment, for producing to the pulse optical signal generating device
Raw pulsed optical signals are imaged；Optical acquisition device, for the pulsed optical signals irradiation target after processing to photoimaging equipment
The reflected light that scene is formed is acquired；First photomodulator, the reflected light for collecting to the optical acquisition device are carried out
First spectral modulation；Image reconstruction device, for carrying out image reconstruction to the pulsed optical signals after the first light modulator modulates.
Alternatively, the imaging system also includes：First pattern generator, for the resolution according to desired image
Rate produces pseudo noise code, and the pseudo noise code for producing is input in first photomodulator；First light modulation
On the pulsed optical signals of the reflected light that the pscudo-random codc modulation is gathered by device to the optical acquisition device.
Alternatively, the pixel number of the desired image is N, then the puppet that first pattern generator is produced with
Machine code includes M sequence, and each described sequence includes N number of chip.
Alternatively, M is the 20%-40% of N.
Alternatively, the imaging system also includes：First Dispersive Devices；First Dispersive Devices are for by the reflection
The frequency spectrum of the pulsed optical signals of light launches in time domain；First photomodulator is by the pscudo-random codc modulation to the first colors of Jing
On pulsed optical signals after scattered device process.
Alternatively, the pulse optical signal generating device includes：The light source for having pulse to export.
Alternatively, the pulse optical signal generating device includes：Ultrashort light pulse source.
Alternatively, the photoimaging equipment includes：Scattered grating and the first lens；The scattered grating is for by the arteries and veins
The spectrum of the pulsed optical signals that pulsed light signal generating meanss are produced is scattered；First lens are for by the spectrum after scattering
It is focused.
Alternatively, the photoimaging equipment also includes：Polarization adjusting device；The polarization adjusting device is for by pulsed light
Signal carries out polarization adjustment；The scattered grating is scattered for the spectrum of the pulsed optical signals after polarization is adjusted；It is described
First lens are for the spectrum after scattering is focused.
Alternatively, the target scene of pre-imaging is placed on the focal point of first lens；Using saturating from described first
The pulsed optical signals that mirror is appeared irradiate the target scene.
Alternatively, the optical acquisition device includes：Second lens；Second lens are located at a fixed position, solid at this
Positioning is put, and the target scene is to the focal length that the distance of second lens is second lens.
Alternatively, described image reconstruct device includes：Optical-electrical converter, for will modulate through the first optical spectral modulator
Pulsed optical signals are converted into the signal of telecommunication；Processor, for carrying out calculating process to the signal of telecommunication；Display, after to reconstruct
Image is shown.
Alternatively, described image reconstruct device also includes：Second Dispersive Devices；Second Dispersive Devices are for described
It is compressed in time domain through the pulsed optical signals of the first optical spectral modulator modulation.
Alternatively, the imaging system also includes：First Dispersive Devices；First Dispersive Devices are for by the pulse
The frequency spectrum of the pulsed optical signals that optical signal generator is produced launches in time domain；First photomodulator is by the pseudo noise code
Modulate on the pulsed optical signals Jing after the process of the first Dispersive Devices；The dispersion values of first Dispersive Devices are D1, described the
The dispersion values of two devices are D2, D1=-D2.
Alternatively, the imaging system also includes：First pattern generator, for the resolution according to desired image
Rate produces pseudo noise code, and the pseudo noise code for producing is input in first photomodulator；First light modulation
Device is by the pulsed optical signals of the pscudo-random codc modulation to the reflected light；The processor is produced using the first pattern generator
Raw pseudo noise code carries out single pixel compression to the signal of telecommunication after conversion.
Alternatively, the pulse optical signal generating device includes：Optical signal generator, the second pattern generator, the second light
Manipulator；The optical signal generator is used for the optical signal for producing no pulse output；Second pattern generator is used to produce
Pulse signal；Second photomodulator is for the pulse signal modulation that second pattern generator is produced is believed to the light
On the optical signal that number generator is produced.
Alternatively, the optical signal generator includes：Noncoherent broadband light source.
Alternatively, second pattern generator is produced according to the spectral width of imaging rate and the optical signal generator
Raw pulse signal.
Alternatively, the imaging system also includes：First pattern generator, for the resolution according to desired image
Rate produces pseudo noise code, and the pseudo noise code for producing is input in first photomodulator；First light modulation
Device is by the pulsed optical signals of the pscudo-random codc modulation to the reflected light；First pattern generator and the second code
The reference clock synchronization of shape generator.
Alternatively, the system also includes：Clock source；The clock source produces synchronizing clock signals, is input to first yard
In shape generator and the second pattern generator.
The Active Imaging method based on compression sampling of the present invention, is superimposed stochastic signal, in optical signal time domain using height
Fast electrooptic modulator applies the time domain measurement of high speed, and carries out area of light squeeze operation, whole processing procedure using Dispersive Devices
Make use of photoelectric effect or physical effect, it is not necessary to machinery adjustment structure, it is to avoid the number in the middle of traditional single pixel imaging system
The frame for movements such as word micro mirror array, substantially increase image taking speed.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 a are the imaging system Organization Charts of embodiment one；
Fig. 1 b are the imaging system Organization Charts of embodiment one；
Fig. 2 a are the imaging system Organization Charts of embodiment two；
Fig. 2 b are the imaging system Organization Charts of embodiment two；
Fig. 3 a are the imaging system Organization Charts of embodiment three；
Fig. 3 b are the imaging system Organization Charts of embodiment three；
Fig. 4 a are the imaging system Organization Charts of example IV；
Fig. 4 b are the imaging system Organization Charts of example IV.
Specific embodiment
The Active Imaging method and apparatus based on compression sampling is embodiments provided, changes in the past micro- using numeral
The pattern matrix that lens array is detected as single pixel, using time domain impulse modulated signal as compression sampling measurement module square
Battle array.
Optical signal generator in the embodiment of the present invention can be any laser light for directly or indirectly sending pulse signal
Source, i.e. include the LASER Light Source of pulse output, for example：Short optical pulse source, ultrashort light pulse source；And it is modulated continuous
The LASER Light Source of ripple output, for example：Noncoherent broadband light source.Ultrashort light pulse source can adopt active mode locking laser instrument or quilt
Dynamic mode-locked laser is realized；Noncoherent broadband light source can adopt multiple-wavelength laser, multi-wavelength laser array, wide range noise
Light source etc. is realizing.The effect of light source is to provide a spectrum for irradiating target scene to be imaged, target scene
Information is mapped to spectrally by effects such as reflection, scattering, absorptions.
Embodiment one
According to one embodiment of present invention, Active Imaging process is as described below.
Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b are the imaging system Organization Charts of embodiment 1, participate in Fig. 1, first, to pulse optical signal generating device
The pulsed optical signals of generation carry out spectral modulation, make optical signal that the calculation matrix sequence of compression sampling is modulated with time domain.
In embodiments of the present invention, using pulse optical signal generating device as imaging system light source, different pulses
Signal generator produces the optical signal with different spectrum width B.Pulse optical signal generating device 101 in working order under, produce
Pulsed optical signals, the pulsed optical signals can be expressed as f (ω) in frequency domain, wherein, ω is the angular frequency of light.By pulsed optical signals
The pulsed optical signals f (ω) of the output of generating meanss 101 first passes around first Dispersive Devices 102, makes the frequency of optical signal f (ω)
Spectrum is launched in time domain, and the dispersion values of first Dispersive Devices 102 are D1.Then, the pulsed optical signals f after launch frequency spectrum
(ω) spectral modulation is carried out in being input to the first optical spectral modulator 103, so as to modulate as the pulse-modulated signal of calculation matrix
In optical signal spectrally.Alternatively, calculation matrix is produced by any waveform generator for producing pulse or pattern generator,
Show a case that to be produced by the first pattern generator 104 in Fig. 1.First, the first pattern generator 104 is according to final desired
The imaging resolution of image producing pseudo noise code pulse signal p (t), wherein, t is the time.The pseudo noise code pulse is believed
Number equivalent to the measured value in the calculation matrix of compression sampling, different pseudo-random code sequences are converted, multiple differences can be obtained
Measured value, the resolution of desired image is higher, that is, the pixel number of image is more, it is necessary to which generation is got over
Many different pseudo-random code sequences take multiple measurements.For example, if the pixel number of image is N, need what is produced
Each pseudo noise code has N number of chip, M measurement, and generally, M is less than N, and alternatively, M is the 20%-40% of N.M time
Measurement will produce M row pseudo-random code sequences, so as in modulated process constitute a M × N calculation matrix Φ, i.e.,
In this calculation matrix Φ, every a line is exactly a pseudo noise code, and expression carries out one-shot measurement to image, carries out M altogether
Secondary measurement, measures for this M time and to recover a sub-picture (two field picture) for follow-up, and so, frame imaging is using a calculation matrix.
Alternatively, when needing to carry out dynamic video typing to target scene, can convert different calculation matrix is carried out repeatedly quickly
Imaging, to form dynamic video data.
In embodiments of the present invention, with low duty ratio, dutycycle is Δ t/T to pseudo noise code pulse signal p (t), wherein
Δ t is pulse width, and T is the optical signal that the ratio of pulse repetition period, Δ t and T is produced by pulse optical signal generating device 101
Spectrum width B and the dispersion values D1 of the first Dispersive Devices 102 determine that low duty ratio ensure that light pulse signal through the first dispersor
After part 102, the light pulse signal of broadening is not overlapped.
The first optical spectral modulator 103 is driven using pseudo noise code pulse signal p (t), modulation formula is as follows：
Wherein s (t) is the signal after modulation, and p (t) is pseudo-random code sequence, F-1[] represents inverse Fourier transform, f
(ω) pulsed optical signals are represented, j is imaginary unit, angular frequencies of the ω for pulsed optical signals, β2It is the color of the first Dispersive Devices 102
Scattered parameter, β2Relation with dispersion values D1 is：
Wherein λ is the centre wavelength of pulsed optical signals f (ω) pulse, and c is the light velocity.
After the completion of modulation, the pulsed optical signals after modulation are input to into photoimaging equipment.
Pulsed optical signals Jing pseudo noise code p (t) modulation after, equivalent to the arteries and veins exported to pulse optical signal generating device 101
Pulsed light signal f (ω) is provided with the calculation matrix of a M × N in time domain, by the light after the first optical spectral modulator 103 is modulated
Signal s (t) is imaged in being input to photoimaging systems 105, and photoimaging systems generally comprise scattered grating 1051 and lens
1052, alternatively, polarization adjustor 1053 etc. can also be included, wherein, scattered grating 1051 is for entering to the frequency spectrum of light pulse
Row scattering, polarizing adjustor 1053 for the pulse interval distribution to pulsed optical signals s (t) carries out polarization adjustment, lens 1052
For light beam convergence.Scattered grating 1051 can also change other periodicity light scatterings into；Lens can be microcobjective, gather
Focus objective lens；Polarization adjusting device can be half-wave plate, quarter-wave plate etc..
In imaging process, first, pulsed optical signals s (t) allowed after modulating make optical signal frequency into scattered grating 1051
Spectrum is spatially scattered, and then focuses on through lens 1052 again, and the optical signal appeared from lens forms one at lens focus
There is the hot spot of size, parameter and the groove with scattered grating 1051 such as the spot size and 1052 size of lens, focal length, aperture
The parameter such as number and size is related.The hot spot of different size or varying strength is needed, can be by adjusting lens and scattered light
The parameter of grid is adjusted.If necessary to carry out polarization adjustment to the pulsed optical signals after modulation, then the pulsed light after modulation
Signal s (t) can first pass through polarization adjusting device 1053, subsequently into scattered grating 1051, finally enter in the middle of lens 1052.
Using the target illuminated scene exported from photoimaging equipment.
So, the pulsed optical signals after imaging device, define a hot spot in 1052 focal point of lens, it would be desirable to
The target scene S of imaging is placed on the near focal point of the lens 1052 of imaging system, the light of hot spot is irradiated on target scene.
Generally, target scene can be placed on focal length of lens focal point, and target scene is smaller in size than or is equal to spot size.
Target scene can be plane scene, or 3 D stereo scene.
The reflected light of target scene is acquired using optical acquisition device.
Optical acquisition device 106 can realize using the second lens 1061 that as needed, the every of the second lens 1061 joins
Number can be identical with the first lens 1052, it is also possible to different.As shown in figure 1, the second lens 1061 are placed on into a fixed position,
In the position, the second lens 1061 to target scene apart from length be the second lens 1061 focal length, can so make
Preferably, the information major part of target scene can be reflexed on the second lens 1061 effect that reflected light is converged.Collect
Pulsed optical signals d (t) contain the information of pulsed optical signals s (t) and target scene k (ωs) information, i.e.,
D (t)=s (t) × k (ωs)
Wherein ωsIt is the spatial frequency of target scene.
After collecting reflected light, reflected light d (t) to collecting carries out image reconstruction.
After collecting reflected light, image reconstruction can be carried out by the target scene of 108 pairs of imagings of image reconstruction device.
Optical signal d (t) collected from the second lens 1061 first passes around the second Dispersive Devices 107 so that the pulsed light for collecting
Signal is compressed in time domain, so that its time domain width narrows.The dispersion values of second Dispersive Devices 107 be D2, D2 with
The dispersion values D1 symbols of the first Dispersive Devices 102 are conversely, i.e. D2=-D1.Due to processing procedure of the optical signal on above-mentioned device
Physical treatment course is, the numerical calculation of complexity is not related to, therefore, greatly accelerate the speed of imaging.
Then, received using the light pulse signal after the 1081 pairs of compressions of an optical-electrical converter, by converting optical signals
Into the signal of telecommunication.Alternatively, optical-electrical converter 1081 can receive the total power of pulsed optical signals, it is also possible to only receive light pulse letter
Number peak power.The optical-electrical converter 1081 can be using devices such as photodetector, photodiode, photomultiplier tubes
Part is realizing.Wherein, the bandwidth of photodetector is more than or equal to 1/T, wherein, cycles of the T for light pulse.
The signal of telecommunication after conversion is admitted in the digital processing unit 1082 of rear end, is produced using pattern generator 103 above
Raw pseudo noise code p (t), the image to being imaged are reconstructed, and reconstructed image can be shown using display 1083.Through
Signal after compression is as follows：
Wherein Y is the signal of telecommunication matrix being admitted in digital processing system, and Φ is calculation matrix, and each of which row is represented
It is the pseudo-random sequence in one-shot measurement, has M rows, i.e., measure for M time, X is image information to be recovered, and N is image
Pixel number.
The purpose of restructing algorithm is exactly, from the middle of measured value Y, to recover original image X according to calculation matrix Φ.Reconstruct is calculated
Method is specific as follows.
Input：Primary signal X ∈ RN, degree of rarefication is K；(each symbol will with above corresponding on)
Observing matrix Φ ∈ RM*N
Observation vector Y ∈ RM, R is rational real number collection.
Output：Reconstruction signal
1st, initialize each parameter：Reconstruction signalResidual error r0=Y,
Indexed set ∧0=Φ, matches matrix D0=Φ, iterationses t=1；
2nd, find index λtSo as to meet
3rd, indexed set, matching matrix are updated：∧t=∧t-1∪{λt},Dt=Dt-1,
4th, update residual error：Here,ForPseudo inverse matrix：
5th, nonzero element corresponding in solution X：
6th, iterationses add 1, check iteration stopping condition.If t≤k, return to step 2；Otherwise execution step 7；
7th, export reconstruction signal：ByIn the signal produced by correspondence positionSignal exactly to be reconstructed.
Or, it would however also be possible to employ algorithm below is carrying out image reconstruction.
Input：Primary signal X ∈ RN, degree of rarefication is K；
Observing matrix Φ ∈ RM*N
Observation vector Y ∈ RM,
Output：Reconstruction signal
1st, initialize each parameter：Reconstruction signalResidual error r0=Y, indexed set ∧0=Φ, iterationses t=1；
2nd, find index λtSo as to meet
3rd, update indexed set：∧t=∧t-1∪{λt}；
4th, signal indexed set screening：
5th, update residual error：Here,ForPseudo inverse matrix：
6th, check iteration stopping condition：Judge whether to meet ‖ rt‖2≥‖rt-1‖2If meeting, stopping iteration, calculateIf being unsatisfactory for, t=t+1, return to step 2.
7th, export reconstruction signal：ByIn the signal produced by correspondence positionSignal exactly to be reconstructed.
To sum up, the Active Imaging method based on compression sampling of the embodiment of the present invention, is superimposed in optical signal time domain random
Signal, applies the time domain measurement of high speed using high speed optoelectronic manipulator, and carries out area of light squeeze operation using Dispersive Devices, whole
Individual processing procedure make use of photoelectric effect or physical effect, it is not necessary to machinery adjustment structure, it is to avoid traditional single pixel imaging system
The frame for movements such as the digital micromirror array in the middle of system, substantially increase image taking speed.The single picture realized using digital micromirror array
, in below 100Hz, the frame per second of the single pixel imaging realized using this technology is in more than 100kHz, image taking speed for the frame per second of element imaging
It is faster 1000 times than the compression sampling imaging technique based on digital micromirror array.
Embodiment two
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the Active Imaging process based on compression sampling is as follows.
Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b are the imaging system Organization Charts of embodiment two, referring to Fig. 2, first, pulsed optical signals are input to
Photoimaging equipment carries out imaging processing；
In embodiments of the present invention, using pulse optical signal generating device as imaging system light source, different pulses
Signal generator produces the optical signal of different spectrum width B.Pulse optical signal generating device 201 in working order under, produce pulse
Optical signal, the pulsed optical signals can be expressed as f (ω) in frequency domain, wherein, ω is the angular frequency of light.By pulsed optical signals f
(ω) it is imaged in being input to photoimaging systems 205, photoimaging systems generally comprise scattered grating 2051 and lens 2052, can
Selection of land, can also include polarization adjustor 2053 etc., wherein, scattered grating 2051 for being scattered to the frequency spectrum of light pulse,
Polarization adjustor 2053 carries out polarization adjustment for the pulse interval distribution to pulsed optical signals f (ω), and lens 2052 are used for light
Beam convergence.Scattered grating 2051 can also change other periodicity light scatterings into；Lens can be microcobjective, conglomeration
Mirror；Polarization adjusting device can be half-wave plate, quarter-wave plate etc..
In imaging process, first, allow pulsed optical signals f (ω) into scattered grating 2051, optical signal spectrum is made in sky
Between on scatter, then focus on through the first lens 2052 again, the optical signal appeared from the first lens forms one at lens focus
The parameters such as the individual hot spot for having size, the spot size and 2052 size of the first lens, focal length, aperture and with scattered grating 2051
Groove number and the parameter such as size it is related.The hot spot of different size or varying strength is needed, can be by adjusting the first lens
And the parameter of scattered grating is adjusted.If also needing to carry out polarization adjustment to pulsed optical signals, then pulsed optical signals f
(ω) polarization adjusting device 2053 can be first passed through, subsequently into scattered grating 2051, is finally entered in the middle of the first lens 2052.
Using the target illuminated scene exported from photoimaging equipment；
Through the pulsed optical signals of imaging system, a hot spot is defined in 2052 focal point of lens, it would be desirable to imaging
Target scene S is placed on the near focal point of the lens 2052 of imaging system, the light of hot spot is irradiated on target scene S.Typically
In the case of, target scene can be placed on focal length of lens focal point, and target scene is smaller in size than or is equal to spot size.Target
Scene can be plane scene, or 3 D stereo scene.
The reflected light of target scene reflection is gathered using optical acquisition device；
Optical acquisition device 206 can using the second lens 2061 realizing, as needed, the parameter of the second lens 2061 with
First lens 2052 are identical, it is also possible to different.As illustrated, lens 2061 are placed on a fixed position, in the position, second
Lens 2061 to target scene apart from length be the second lens 2061 focal length, can so make reflected light converge effect
Preferably, the information major part of target scene can be reflexed on the second lens 2061 fruit.Pulsed optical signals d (t) for collecting
Contain the information and target scene k (ω of pulsed optical signals f (ω)s) information, i.e.,
D (t)=F-1[f(ω)×k(ωs)]
Wherein t is the time parameter of the pulsed optical signals for collecting, ωsIt is the spatial frequency of target scene.
The reflected light signal is carried out into spectral modulation.
Pulsed optical signals d (t) for collecting are first passed around into first Dispersive Devices 202, the frequency of optical signal d (t) is made
Spectrum is launched in time domain, and the dispersion values of first Dispersive Devices 202 are D1.Then, the pulsed optical signals d after launch frequency spectrum
T () carries out spectral modulation in being input to the first optical spectral modulator 203, so as to be modulated at as the pulse-modulated signal of calculation matrix
Optical signal d (t) is spectrally.Alternatively, calculation matrix is by any waveform generator or pattern generator that can produce pulse
Produce, show a case that to be produced by pattern generator 204 in figure.First, pattern generator 204 is according to final desired imaging
The imaging resolution of image producing pseudo noise code pulse signal p (t), wherein, t is the time.The pseudo noise code pulse signal phase
When the measured value in the calculation matrix of compression sampling, different pseudo-random code sequences are converted, multiple different surveys can be obtained
Value, the resolution of desired image are higher, that is, the pixel number of image is more, it is necessary to produce more
Different pseudo-random code sequences take multiple measurements.For example, if the vegetarian refreshments number of image is N, need each puppet for producing
Random code has N number of chip, M measurement, and generally, M is less than N, and alternatively, M is the 20%-40% of N.M measurement will
Produce M row pseudo-random code sequences, so as in modulated process constitute a M × N calculation matrix Φ, i.e.,
In this calculation matrix Φ, every a line is exactly a pseudo noise code, and expression carries out one-shot measurement to image, carries out M altogether
Secondary measurement, measures for this M time and to recover a sub-picture (two field picture) for follow-up, and so, frame imaging is using a calculation matrix.
Alternatively, when needing to carry out dynamic video typing to target scene, can convert different calculation matrix is carried out repeatedly quickly
Imaging, to form dynamic video data.
In embodiments of the present invention, with low duty ratio, dutycycle is Δ t/T to pseudo noise code pulse signal p (t), wherein
Δ t is pulse width, and T is the optical signal that the ratio of pulse repetition period, Δ t and T is produced by pulse optical signal generating device 201
Spectrum width B and the dispersion values D1 of the first Dispersive Devices 202 determine that low duty ratio ensure that light pulse signal through the first dispersor
After part 202, the light pulse signal of broadening is not overlapped.
The first optical spectral modulator 203 is driven using pseudo noise code pulse signal p (t), modulation formula is as follows：
Wherein s (t) is the signal after modulation, and d (t) is the pulsed optical signals for collecting, and p (t) is pseudo noise code sequence
Row, F-1[] represents inverse Fourier transform, and j is imaginary unit, angular frequencies of the ω for pulsed optical signals, β2It is the first Dispersive Devices
202 dispersion parameters, β2Relation with dispersion values D1 is：
Wherein λ is the centre wavelength of pulsed optical signals, and c is the light velocity.
Image reconstruction is carried out to the optical signal after modulation.
Optical signal after modulation can pass through image reconstruction device 208 carries out the reconstruct of image.Pulsed optical signals d
(t) Jing pseudo noise code p (t) modulation after, equivalent to the calculation matrix that pulsed optical signals d (t) are provided with a M × N in time domain.
Afterwards, pulsed optical signals s (t) after modulation first pass around the second dispersive medium 207, are allowed to be compressed in time domain, so as to
Its time domain width is made to narrow.Dispersion values D1 of the dispersion values of second Dispersive Devices 207 for D2, D2 and the first Dispersive Devices 202
Symbol is conversely, i.e. D2=-D1.As processing procedure of the optical signal on above-mentioned device is physical treatment course, it is not related to multiple
Miscellaneous numerical calculation, therefore, greatly accelerate the speed of imaging.
Then, received using the light pulse signal after the 2081 pairs of compressions of an optical-electrical converter, by converting optical signals
Into the signal of telecommunication.Alternatively, optical-electrical converter 2081 can receive the total power of pulsed optical signals, it is also possible to only receive light pulse letter
Number peak power.The optical-electrical converter 2081 can be using devices such as photodetector, photodiode, photomultiplier tubes
Part is realizing.Wherein, the bandwidth of photodetector is more than or equal to 1/T, wherein, cycles of the T for light pulse.
The signal of telecommunication after conversion is admitted in the digital processing unit 2082 of rear end, is produced using pattern generator 203 above
Raw pseudo noise code p (t), the image to being imaged are reconstructed, and the image obtained after reconstruct can be carried out by display 2083
Show.Signal after compression is as follows：
Wherein Y is the signal of telecommunication matrix being admitted in digital processing system, and Φ is calculation matrix, and each of which row is represented
It is the pseudo-random sequence in one-shot measurement, has M rows, i.e., measure for M time, X is image information to be recovered, and N is image
Pixel number.
The purpose of restructing algorithm is exactly, from the middle of measured value Y, to recover original image X according to calculation matrix Φ.Concrete weight
Structure algorithm is identical with two kinds of algorithms in embodiment one, will not be described here.
To sum up, the Active Imaging method based on compression sampling of the embodiment of the present invention, is superimposed in optical signal time domain random
Signal, applies the time domain measurement of high speed using high speed optoelectronic manipulator, and carries out area of light squeeze operation using Dispersive Devices, whole
Individual processing procedure make use of photoelectric effect or physical effect, it is not necessary to machinery adjustment structure, it is to avoid traditional single pixel imaging system
The frame for movements such as the digital micromirror array in the middle of system, substantially increase image taking speed.The single picture realized using digital micromirror array
, in below 100Hz, the frame per second of the single pixel imaging realized using this technology is in more than 100kHz, image taking speed for the frame per second of element imaging
It is faster 1000 times than the compression sampling imaging technique based on digital micromirror array.
Embodiment three
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the Active Imaging process based on compression sampling is as follows.
Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b are the imaging system Organization Charts of embodiment three, referring to Fig. 3, the optical signal generator in the present embodiment
Using the light source of no pulse, for example, incoherent light source, the phase place between each bar spectral line of incoherent light source are unrelated, therefore can be with
Effectively on the light source modulated optical signal amplitude.It is alternatively possible to noncoherent broadband light source is adopted, noncoherent broadband light source
Including multiple-wavelength laser, multi-wavelength laser array, broadband noise light source etc..
First time spectral modulation is carried out to the optical signal that optical signal generator 301 is produced；
First, optical signal generator 301 in working order under, produce optical signal, the optical signal can be expressed as g in frequency domain
(ω), wherein, ω is the angular frequency of light.The optical signal g (ω) that optical signal generator 301 is exported is input to the second spectral modulation
Spectral modulation is carried out in device 310, so that pulse signal a (t) modulation makes the optical signal produce in time domain on optical signal g (ω)
A raw pulse.Alternatively, pulse signal a (t) of modulation is occurred by any pattern generator for producing pulse or waveform
Device is produced, and what is figure 3 illustrates is produced by the second pattern generator 304.First, the second pattern generator 304 is according to final
Desired image taking speed v is producing sequences of pulsed signalsWherein, b () represents single arteries and veins
The shape of punching, t are the time, and M is pendulous frequency, i.e. the line number of calculation matrix.Cycles of the T for pulse, image taking speed v=1/ (M ×
T)。
The second optical spectral modulator 310, modulation are driven using modulated pulse signal a (t) that the second pattern generator 309 is produced
Formula is as follows：
C (t)=a (t) × F-1[g(ω)]
Wherein c (t) is the signal after modulation, F-1[] represents inverse Fourier transform, and g (ω) represents the light of optical signal
Spectrum, ω are optical signal angular frequency.
In embodiments of the present invention, with low duty ratio, dutycycle is Δ t/T to pulse signal a (t), and wherein Δ t is pulse
Width, T is the pulse repetition period, the spectrum width B of the optical signal that the ratio of Δ t and T is produced by optical signal generator 301 and below
That what is used realizes that the dispersion values D1 of the first Dispersive Devices 302 that optical signal spectrum launches determines that low duty ratio ensure that light pulse
After the first Dispersive Devices 302, the light pulse signal of broadening is not overlapped signal.
Alternatively, the second pattern generator 309 can be driven by a clock source 308, and clock source 308 sends the cycle
Clock signal, the cycle T of the clock source 308, as the reference clock of the second pattern generator 309.
Optical signal after modulation is input to into photoimaging equipment；
After optical signal pulsed signal a (t) modulation, exist equivalent to the optical signal g (ω) exported to optical signal generator 301
A pulse is generated in time domain, becomes pulsed optical signals c (t).Optical signal c (t) after this is modulated is input to photoimaging dress
It is imaged in putting 305, photoimaging equipment 305 generally comprises scattered grating 3051 and the first lens 3052, alternatively, can be with
Including polarization adjustor 3053 etc., wherein, scattered grating 3051 polarizes adjustor for being scattered to the frequency spectrum of light pulse
3053 carry out polarization adjustment for the pulse interval distribution to pulsed optical signals c (t), and the first lens 3052 are used for light beam convergence.
Scattered grating 3051 can also change other periodicity light scatterings into；Lens can be microcobjective, focusing objective len；Polarization is adjusted
Whole device 3053 can be half-wave plate, quarter-wave plate etc..
In imaging process, first, allow pulsed optical signals c (t) obtained after modulating into scattered grating 3051, believe light
Number frequency spectrum spatially scatters, and then focuses on through the first lens 3052 again, and the optical signal appeared from lens is at lens focus
Form parameter and and the scattered lights such as a hot spot for having size, the spot size and 3052 size of the first lens, focal length, aperture
The parameter such as the groove number of grid 3051 and size is related.The hot spot of different size or varying strength is needed, can be saturating by adjusting
The parameter of mirror and scattered grating is adjusted.If also needing to carry out polarization adjustment to pulsed optical signals, then after modulation
To pulsed optical signals c (t) polarization adjusting device 3053 can be first passed through, subsequently into scattered grating 3051, finally enter the
In the middle of one lens 3052.
Using the target illuminated scene exported from the photoimaging equipment；
Pulsed optical signals c (t) after imaging device process, define a light in 3052 focal point of the first lens
Speckle, it would be desirable to which the target scene S of imaging is placed on the near focal point of the first lens 3052 of imaging system, makes the light of hot spot complete
It is irradiated on target scene.Generally, target scene can be placed on focal length of lens focal point, and target scene is smaller in size than
Or it is equal to spot size.Target scene can be plane scene, or 3 D stereo scene.
The reflected light of target scene reflection is gathered using optical acquisition device；
Optical acquisition device 306 can realize using the second lens 3061 that as needed, the parameter of the second lens 3061 can
With identical with the first lens 3052, it is also possible to different.As shown in figure 3, lens 3061 are placed on into a fixed position, in the position
Put, the second lens 3061 to target scene apart from length be the second lens 3061 focal length, can so make reflected light
Preferably, the information major part of target scene can be reflexed on the second lens 3061 effect of convergence.The pulsed light for collecting
Signal d (t) contains the information of pulsed optical signals c (t) and target scene k (ωs) information, i.e.,
D (t)=c (t) × k (ωs)
Wherein ωsIt is the spatial frequency of target scene.
The reflected light signal for collecting is carried out into second spectral modulation.
First, the spectrum of optical signal d (t) for collecting is launched in time domain, it is possible to use Dispersive Devices are realized.Will collection
To optical signal d (t) be input in the middle of the first Dispersive Devices 302, the dispersion values of the Dispersive Devices 302 are D1, different frequencies
Occupy the different moment.
Then, optical signal d (t) after time domain is launched is carried out into second spectral modulation, so that as calculation matrix
Pulse-modulated signal is modulated at optical signal d (t) spectrally.Alternatively, calculation matrix is produced by the first pattern generator 304.The
The reference clock of one pattern generator 304 and the second pattern generator 309 is synchronous, it is alternatively possible to pass through a synchronization
Signal makes the clock synchronization of the first pattern generator 304 and the second pattern generator 309；Can also be touched by same clock source
The first pattern generator 304 and the second pattern generator 309 are sent out, to ensure the synchronization of two modulated processs.
In modulated process, first, pulsed optical signals d (t) after time domain is launched are input into the first optical spectral modulator 303.
The manipulator is driven by the first pattern generator 304, drive signal be pseudo noise code (PRBS), pseudo noise code pulse signal week
Phase is T.First pattern generator 304 produces pseudo noise code pulse letter according to the imaging resolution of final desired image
Number p (t), wherein, t is the time.The pseudo noise code pulse signal is equivalent to the measured value in the calculation matrix of compression sampling, conversion
Different pseudo-random code sequences, can obtain multiple different measured values, and the resolution of desired image is higher, that is,
The pixel number of image is more, it is necessary to produces more different pseudo-random code sequences and takes multiple measurements.For example, if
The vegetarian refreshments number of image is N, then need each pseudo noise code for producing to have N number of chip, is measured for M time, generally, M
Less than N, alternatively, M is the 20%-40% of N.M measurement will produce M row pseudo-random code sequences, so as to the structure in modulated process
Into the calculation matrix Φ of a M × N, i.e.,
In this calculation matrix Φ, every a line is exactly a pseudo noise code, and expression carries out one-shot measurement to image, carries out M altogether
Secondary measurement, is measured for this M time and to recover a sub-picture for follow-up, so carried out using a calculation matrix Polaroid.It is optional
Ground, when needing to carry out dynamic video typing to target scene, can convert different calculation matrix carries out multiple fast imaging.
In embodiments of the present invention, with low duty ratio, dutycycle is Δ t/T to pseudo noise code pulse signal p (t), wherein
Δ t is pulse width, and T is the spectrum width of the optical signal that the ratio of pulse repetition period, Δ t and T is produced by optical signal generator 301
The dispersion values D1 of B and the first Dispersive Devices 302 determines that low duty ratio ensure that light pulse signal through the first Dispersive Devices 302
Afterwards, the light pulse signal of broadening is not overlapped.
The first optical spectral modulator 303 is driven using pseudo noise code pulse signal p (t), modulation formula is as follows：
Wherein s (t) is the signal after modulation, and p (t) is pseudo-random code sequence, F-1[] represents inverse Fourier transform, F
Fourier transformation is represented, d (t) represents the pulsed optical signals for collecting, and j is imaginary unit, and ω is the angle of pulsed optical signals d (t)
Frequency, β2It is the dispersion parameters of the first Dispersive Devices 302, β2Relation with dispersion values D1 is：
Wherein λ is the centre wavelength of pulsed optical signals, and c is the light velocity.
Image reconstruction is carried out to the optical signal after second spectral modulation.
Optical signal after modulation can pass through image reconstruction device 311 carries out the reconstruct of image.Modulate through twice
Optical signal s (t) for obtaining afterwards first passes around the second dispersive medium 307, pulsed optical signals s (t) is compressed in time domain,
So that its time domain width narrows.The dispersion values of second Dispersive Devices 307 be D2, the dispersion of D2 and the first Dispersive Devices 302
Value D1 symbol is conversely, i.e. D2=-D1.As processing procedure of the optical signal on above-mentioned device is physical treatment course, do not relate to
And the numerical calculation of complexity, therefore, greatly accelerate the speed of imaging.
Then, received using light pulse signal s (t) after the 3111 pairs of compressions of an optical-electrical converter, by optical signal
It is transformed into the signal of telecommunication.Alternatively, optical-electrical converter 3111 can receive the total power of pulsed optical signals, it is also possible to a receiving light arteries and veins
Rush the peak power of signal.The optical-electrical converter 3111 can use photodetector, photodiode, photomultiplier tube
Realize Deng device.Wherein, the bandwidth of photodetector is more than or equal to 1/T, wherein, cycles of the T for light pulse.
The signal of telecommunication after conversion is admitted in the digital processing unit 3112 of rear end, using the first pattern generator above
304 pseudo noise codes p (t) for producing, the image to being imaged are reconstructed, and reconstructed image is shown by display 3113.Jing
Signal after overcompression is as follows：
Wherein Y is the signal of telecommunication matrix being admitted in digital processing system, and Φ is calculation matrix, and each of which row is represented
It is the pseudo-random sequence in one-shot measurement, has M rows, i.e., measure for M time, X is image information to be recovered, and N is image
Pixel number.
The purpose of restructing algorithm is exactly, from the middle of measured value Y, to recover original image X according to calculation matrix Φ.Concrete weight
Structure algorithm with it is identical in embodiment one, will not be described here.
To sum up, the Active Imaging method based on compression sampling of the embodiment of the present invention, is superimposed in optical signal time domain random
Signal, applies the time domain measurement of high speed using high speed optoelectronic manipulator, and carries out area of light squeeze operation using Dispersive Devices, whole
Individual processing procedure make use of photoelectric effect or physical effect, it is not necessary to machinery adjustment structure, it is to avoid traditional single pixel imaging system
The frame for movements such as the digital micromirror array in the middle of system, substantially increase image taking speed.And light source is the incoherent width of external modulation
Band light source, structure more have universality.Using digital micromirror array realize single pixel imaging frame per second in below 100Hz,
The frame per second of the single pixel imaging realized using this technology is in more than 100kHz, compression of the image taking speed ratio based on digital micromirror array
Sampling imaging technology is fast 1000 times.
Example IV
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the Active Imaging process based on compression sampling is as follows.
The optical signal produced from optical signal generator is carried out into first time spectral modulation.
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are the imaging system Organization Charts of embodiment 4, and referring to Fig. 4, first, optical signal generator 401 is in work
Make under state, produce optical signal, the optical signal can be expressed as g (ω) in frequency domain, wherein, ω is the angular frequency of light.Light is believed
The optical signal g (ω) of number generator 401 output carries out spectral modulation in being input to the second optical spectral modulator 407, so that pulse letter
Number a (t) modulation makes the optical signal that a pulse is produced in time domain on optical signal g (ω).Alternatively, the pulse of modulation
Signal a (t) is produced by any pattern generator that can produce pulse or waveform generator, and what is figure 4 illustrates is by second
Pattern generator 409 is produced.Second pattern generator 409 produces sequences of pulsed signals according to final desired image taking speed v Wherein, b () represents the shape of individual pulse, and t is the time, and M is pendulous frequency, that is, survey
The line number of moment matrix.Cycles of the T for pulse, image taking speed v=1/ (M × T).
The second optical spectral modulator 407, modulation are driven using modulated pulse signal a (t) that the second pattern generator 409 is produced
Formula is as follows：
C (t)=a (t) × F-1[g(ω)]
Wherein c (t) is the signal after modulation, F-1[] represents inverse Fourier transform, and g (ω) represents the light of optical signal
Spectrum, ω are optical signal angular frequency.
In embodiments of the present invention, with low duty ratio, dutycycle is Δ t/T to pulse signal a (t), and wherein Δ t is pulse
Width, T is the pulse repetition period, the spectrum width B of the optical signal that the ratio of Δ t and T is produced by optical signal generator 401 and below
That what is used realizes that the dispersion values D1 of the first Dispersive Devices 402 that optical signal spectrum launches determines that low duty ratio ensure that light pulse
After the first Dispersive Devices 402, the light pulse signal of broadening is not overlapped signal.
Alternatively, the second pattern generator 409 can be driven by a clock source 408, and clock source 408 sends the cycle
Clock signal, the cycle T of the clock source 408, as the reference clock of the second pattern generator 409.
The optical signal of process first time spectral modulation is carried out into second spectral modulation.
After optical signal pulsed signal a (t) modulation, exist equivalent to the optical signal g (ω) exported to optical signal generator 401
A pulse is generated in time domain, becomes pulsed optical signals c (t).Afterwards, then to which carry out second modulation.First, by pulse
The spectrum of optical signal c (t) launches in time domain, it is possible to use Dispersive Devices realization, and optical signal c (t) is input to the first dispersor
In the middle of part 402, the dispersion values of the Dispersive Devices 402 are D1, the different frequency captures different moment.
Then, pulsed optical signals c (t) are carried out into second spectral modulation, so that the impulse modulation as calculation matrix is believed
Number it is modulated at optical signal c (t) spectrally.Alternatively, calculation matrix is produced by the first pattern generator 404.First yard of shape occurs
The reference clock of device 404 and the second pattern generator 409 is synchronous, it is alternatively possible to passing through a synchronizing signal makes first
The signal synchronization of pattern generator 404 and the second pattern generator 409；First is triggered simultaneously can also by same clock source
Pattern generator 404 and the second pattern generator 409 are identical with the reference clock for ensureing two generators.
In modulated process, first, pulsed optical signals c (t) after the expansion of pulsed optical signals time domain are input into into the first spectrum
Manipulator 403.The manipulator is driven by the first pattern generator 404, and drive signal is pseudo noise code (PRBS), pseudo noise code
Pulse signal cycle is T.First pattern generator 404 produced according to the imaging resolution of final desired image it is pseudo- with
Machine code pulse signal p (t), wherein, t is the time.The pseudo noise code pulse signal is equivalent in the calculation matrix of compression sampling
Measured value, converts different pseudo-random code sequences, can obtain multiple different measured values, the resolution of desired image
It is higher, that is, the pixel number of image is more, it is necessary to produce more different pseudo-random code sequences and repeatedly surveyed
Amount.For example, if the vegetarian refreshments number of image is N, need each pseudo noise code for producing that there is N number of chip, measure for M time,
Generally, M is less than N, and alternatively, M is the 20%-40% of N.M time measurement will produce M row pseudo-random code sequences, so as to
The calculation matrix Φ of a M × N is constituted in modulated process, i.e.,
In this calculation matrix Φ, every a line is exactly a pseudo noise code, and expression carries out one-shot measurement to image, carries out M altogether
Secondary measurement, is measured for this M time and to recover a sub-picture for follow-up, so carried out using a calculation matrix Polaroid.It is optional
Ground, when needing to carry out dynamic video typing to target scene, can convert different calculation matrix carries out multiple fast imaging.
In embodiments of the present invention, with low duty ratio, dutycycle is Δ t/T to pseudo noise code pulse signal p (t), wherein
Δ t is pulse width, and T is the spectrum width of the optical signal that the ratio of pulse repetition period, Δ t and T is produced by optical signal generator 401
The dispersion values D1 of B and the first Dispersive Devices 402 determines that low duty ratio ensure that light pulse signal through the first Dispersive Devices 402
Afterwards, the light pulse signal of broadening is not overlapped.
The first optical spectral modulator 403 is driven using pseudo noise code pulse signal p (t), modulation formula is as follows：
Wherein s (t) is the signal after modulation, and p (t) is pseudo-random code sequence, F-1[] represents inverse Fourier transform, F
Fourier transformation is represented, c (t) represents the pulsed optical signals after primary modulation, and j is imaginary unit, and ω is pulsed optical signals c (t)
Angular frequency, β2It is the dispersion parameters of the first Dispersive Devices 402, β2Relation with dispersion values D1 is：
Wherein λ is the centre wavelength of pulsed optical signals, and c is the light velocity.
Optical signal after modulation is input to into photoimaging equipment；
Pulsed optical signals Jing after pseudo noise code p (t) modulation, equivalent to being provided with to pulsed optical signals c (t) one in time domain
The calculation matrix of M × N, will be optical signal s (t) after the second optical spectral modulator 407 and the first optical spectral modulator 403 are modulated defeated
Enter in photoimaging systems 405 and be imaged, photoimaging systems generally comprise scattered grating 4051 and lens 4052, alternatively,
Polarization adjustor 4053 etc. can also be included, wherein, scattered grating 4051 for being scattered to the frequency spectrum of light pulse, adjust by polarization
Whole device 4053 carries out polarization adjustment for the pulse interval distribution to pulsed optical signals s (t), and lens 4052 are used for light beam convergence.
Scattered grating 4051 can also change other periodicity light scatterings into；Lens can be microcobjective, focusing objective len；Polarization is adjusted
Whole device 4053 can be half-wave plate, quarter-wave plate etc..
In imaging process, first, pulsed optical signals s (t) allowed after modulating make optical signal frequency into scattered grating 4051
Spectrum is spatially scattered, and then focuses on through lens 4052 again, and the optical signal appeared from lens forms one at lens focus
There is the hot spot of size, parameter and the groove with scattered grating 4051 such as the spot size and 4052 size of lens, focal length, aperture
The parameter such as number and size is related.The hot spot of different size or varying strength is needed, can be by adjusting lens and scattered light
The parameter of grid is adjusted.If also needing to carry out polarization adjustment to the pulsed optical signals after modulation, then the pulse after modulation
Optical signal s (t) can first pass through polarization adjusting device 4053, subsequently into scattered grating 4051, finally enter lens 4052 and work as
In.
Using the target illuminated scene exported from the photoimaging equipment；
Pulsed optical signals s (t) after imaged device process, define a hot spot in 4052 focal point of lens, need to
Target scene S to be imaged is placed on the near focal point of the lens 4052 of imaging system, makes the light of hot spot be irradiated to target completely
In scene.Generally, target scene can be placed on focal length of lens focal point, and target scene is smaller in size than or is equal to light
Spot size.Target scene can be plane scene, or 3 D stereo scene.
The reflected light of target scene reflection is gathered using optical acquisition device；
Optical acquisition device 406 can realize using the second lens 4061 that as needed, the parameter of the second lens 4061 can
With identical with the first lens 4052, it is also possible to different.As illustrated, lens 4061 are placed on into a fixed position, in the position,
Second lens 4061 to target scene apart from length be the second lens 4061 focal length, reflected light can so converged
Effect preferably, the information major part of target scene can be reflexed on the second lens 4061.The pulsed optical signals d for collecting
T () contains the information of pulsed optical signals s (t) and target scene k (ωs) information, i.e.,
D (t)=s (t) × k (ωs)
Wherein ωsIt is the spatial frequency of target scene.
Reflected light to gathering carries out image reconstruction.
The reflected light for collecting can pass through image reconstruction device 410 carries out the reconstruct of image.The pulse for collecting
Optical signal d (t) first passes around the second dispersive medium 411, pulsed optical signals d (t) is compressed in time domain, so that its
Time domain width narrows.Dispersion values D1 symbol of the dispersion values of second Dispersive Devices 411 for D2, D2 and the first Dispersive Devices 402
Conversely, i.e. D2=-D1.As processing procedure of the optical signal on above-mentioned device is physical treatment course, complexity is not related to
Numerical calculation, therefore, greatly accelerate the speed of imaging.
Then, received using light pulse signal d (t) after the 4101 pairs of compressions of an optical-electrical converter, by optical signal
It is transformed into the signal of telecommunication.Alternatively, optical-electrical converter 4101 can receive the total power of pulsed optical signals, it is also possible to a receiving light arteries and veins
Rush the peak power of signal.The optical-electrical converter 4101 can use photodetector, photodiode, photomultiplier tube
Realize Deng device.Wherein, the bandwidth of photodetector is more than or equal to 1/T, wherein, cycles of the T for light pulse.
The signal of telecommunication after conversion is admitted in the digital processing unit 4102 of rear end, using the second pattern generator above
409 pseudo noise codes p (t) for producing, the image to being imaged are reconstructed, and reconstructing the image for obtaining can be entered by display 4103
Row shows.Signal after compression is as follows：
Wherein Y is the signal of telecommunication matrix being admitted in digital processing system, and Φ is calculation matrix, and each of which row is represented
It is the pseudo-random sequence in one-shot measurement, has M rows, i.e., measure for M time, X is image information to be recovered, and N is image
Pixel number.
The purpose of restructing algorithm is exactly, from the middle of measured value Y, to recover original image X according to calculation matrix Φ.Concrete weight
Structure algorithm is identical with embodiment one, will not be described here.
To sum up, the Active Imaging method based on compression sampling of the embodiment of the present invention, is superimposed in optical signal time domain random
Signal, applies the time domain measurement of high speed using high speed optoelectronic manipulator, and carries out area of light squeeze operation using Dispersive Devices, whole
Individual processing procedure make use of photoelectric effect or physical effect, it is not necessary to machinery adjustment structure, it is to avoid traditional single pixel imaging system
The frame for movements such as the digital micromirror array in the middle of system, substantially increase image taking speed.And light source is the incoherent width of external modulation
Band light source, structure more have universality.Using digital micromirror array realize single pixel imaging frame per second in below 100Hz,
The frame per second of the single pixel imaging realized using this technology is in more than 100kHz, compression of the image taking speed ratio based on digital micromirror array
Sampling imaging technology is fast 1000 times.
Claims (78)
1. a kind of imaging method of the active imaging system based on compression sampling,
Characterized in that,
Including：
Pulsed optical signals are produced using pulse optical signal generating device；
The pulsed optical signals that the pulse optical signal generating device is produced are carried out into the first spectral modulation；
Pulsed optical signals after the first spectral modulation are input to into photoimaging equipment；
Using the pulsed optical signals irradiation target scene exported from the photoimaging equipment；
The reflected light of the target scene is gathered using optical acquisition device；
Image reconstruction is carried out to the reflected light using image reconstruction device；
Before the step of pulsed optical signals by pulse optical signal generating device generation carry out the first spectral modulation,
Methods described also includes：
The frequency spectrum of the pulsed optical signals is launched in time domain.
2. method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that,
The step of pulsed optical signals by pulse optical signal generating device generation carry out the first spectral modulation includes：
Pseudo noise code is produced according to the resolution of desired image；
By pscudo-random codc modulation to pulsed optical signals spectrally.
3. method according to claim 2,
Characterized in that,
The pixel number of the desired image is N, then the pseudo noise code includes the sequence of M, each described sequence bag
Include N number of chip.
4. method according to claim 3,
Characterized in that,
M is the 20%-40% of N.
5. method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that,
The pulse optical signal generating device includes：The light source for having pulse to export.
6. method according to claim 5,
Characterized in that,
The pulse optical signal generating device includes：Ultrashort light pulse source.
7. method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that,
The photoimaging equipment includes：Scattered grating and the first lens；
The step of pulsed optical signals by after the first spectral modulation are input to photoimaging equipment includes：
Pulsed optical signals after modulation are input to scattered grating carries out the scattering of spectrum；
Pulsed optical signals after scattering are focused by the first lens.
8. method according to claim 7,
Characterized in that,
The photoimaging equipment also includes：Polarization adjusting device；
The step of pulsed optical signals by after the first spectral modulation are input to photoimaging equipment includes：
Pulsed optical signals after modulation are input to polarization adjusting device carries out polarization adjustment；
The pulsed optical signals carried out after polarization adjustment are input to scattered grating carries out the scattering of spectrum；
Pulsed optical signals after scattering are focused by the first lens.
9. method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that,
The photoimaging equipment includes：First lens；
The step of using the pulsed optical signals irradiation target scene exported from the photoimaging equipment, includes：
The target scene is placed on the focal point of first lens；
The target scene is irradiated using the pulsed optical signals appeared from first lens.
10. method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that,
The optical acquisition device includes：Second lens；
The step of reflected light of the target scene is gathered using optical acquisition device includes：
Second lens are placed on into a fixed position, in the fixed position, the target scene to second lens away from
From the focal length for second lens.
11. methods according to claim 1,
Characterized in that,
The step of image reconstruction is carried out to the reflected light using image reconstruction device includes：
Pulsed optical signals to collecting carry out single pixel compression；
Optical signal after single pixel is compressed is converted into into the signal of telecommunication；
Image reconstruction is carried out to the signal of telecommunication.
12. methods according to claim 11,
Characterized in that,
The step of pulsed optical signals by pulse optical signal generating device generation carry out the first spectral modulation includes：
Pseudo noise code is produced according to the resolution of desired image；
By pscudo-random codc modulation to pulsed optical signals spectrally；
The step of image reconstruction is carried out to the signal of telecommunication includes：
Image reconstruction is carried out to the signal of telecommunication using the pseudo noise code.
13. methods according to claim 12,
Characterized in that,
Pulsed optical signals to collecting carry out the step of single pixel is compressed also to be included：
The pulsed optical signals for collecting are compressed in time domain；
Single pixel compression is carried out to the pulsed optical signals after compression using the pseudo noise code.
14. methods according to claim 12,
Characterized in that,
The imaging system includes：First Dispersive Devices；
Described image reconstruct device includes：Second Dispersive Devices；
Before the step of pulsed optical signals by pulse optical signal generating device generation carry out the first spectral modulation, also
Including：
The frequency spectrum of the pulsed optical signals is launched in time domain using first Dispersive Devices；
Pulsed optical signals to collecting carry out the step of single pixel is compressed to be included：
The pulsed optical signals for collecting are compressed in time domain using the second Dispersive Devices；
Using the pseudo noise code modulated in first spectral modulation on the pulsed optical signals to the pulse after compression
Optical signal carries out single pixel compression；
The dispersion values of first Dispersive Devices are D1, and the dispersion values of second Dispersive Devices are D2, D1=-D2.
15. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-14,
Characterized in that,
The pulse optical signal generating device includes：
Optical signal generator, the second pattern generator and the second photomodulator；
The step of use pulse optical signal generating device produces pulsed optical signals, including：
The optical signal generator produces the optical signal of no pulse output, and is input to the second photomodulator；
Second pattern generator produces pulse signal, and is input to second photomodulator；Second photomodulator
By in the pulse signal modulation to the optical signal.
16. methods according to claim 15,
Characterized in that,
The pulse signal that second pattern generator is produced is according to imaging rate and the spectral width of the optical signal generator
Degree is produced.
17. methods according to claim 15,
Characterized in that,
The imaging system includes：First pattern generator；
The step of pulsed optical signals by pulse optical signal generating device generation carry out the first spectral modulation includes：
Pseudo noise code is produced using the first pattern generator；
By pscudo-random codc modulation to pulsed optical signals spectrally；
The clock signal synchronization of first pattern generator and second pattern generator.
18. methods according to claim 17,
Characterized in that,
The imaging system also includes, clock source；
The clock source produces synchronizing clock signals, is input to first waveform or pattern generator and the second waveform or code shape is sent out
Raw device.
19. methods according to claim 15,
Characterized in that,
The optical signal generator includes：Noncoherent broadband light source.
A kind of 20. imaging methods of the active imaging system based on compression sampling,
Characterized in that,
Including：
Pulsed optical signals are produced using pulse optical signal generating device；
The pulsed optical signals that the pulse optical signal generating device is produced are input to into photoimaging equipment；
Using the pulsed optical signals irradiation target scene exported from the photoimaging equipment；
The reflected light of the target scene is gathered using optical acquisition device；
First spectral modulation is carried out to the reflected light of optical acquisition device collection；
The pulsed optical signals after the first spectral modulation are carried out into image reconstruction using image reconstruction device；
Before the step of reflected light to light signal acquisition device collection carries out the first spectral modulation, also include：
The frequency spectrum of the pulsed optical signals of the reflected light is launched in time domain.
21. methods according to claim 20,
Characterized in that,
The step of reflected light to optical acquisition device collection carries out the first spectral modulation includes：
Pseudo noise code is produced according to the resolution of desired image；
By the pulsed optical signals of pscudo-random codc modulation to reflected light spectrally.
22. methods according to claim 21,
Characterized in that,
The pixel number of the desired image is N, then the pseudo noise code includes the sequence of M, each described sequence bag
Include N number of chip.
23. methods according to claim 22,
Characterized in that,
M is the 20%-40% of N.
24. methods according to claim 20,
Characterized in that,
The pulse optical signal generating device includes：The light source for having pulse to export.
25. methods according to claim 24,
Characterized in that,
The pulse optical signal generating device includes：Ultrashort light pulse source.
26. methods according to claim 20,
Characterized in that,
The photoimaging equipment includes：Scattered grating and the first lens；
The step of pulsed optical signals by pulse optical signal generating device generation are input to photoimaging equipment includes：
Pulsed optical signals are input to scattered grating carries out the scattering of spectrum；
Pulsed optical signals after scattering are focused by the first lens.
27. methods according to claim 26,
Characterized in that,
The photoimaging equipment also includes：Polarization adjusting device；
The step of pulsed optical signals by pulse optical signal generating device generation are input to photoimaging equipment includes：
Pulsed optical signals after modulation are input to polarization adjusting device carries out polarization adjustment；
The pulsed optical signals carried out after polarization adjustment are input to scattered grating carries out the scattering of spectrum；
Pulsed optical signals after scattering are focused by the first lens.
28. methods according to claim 20,
Characterized in that,
The photoimaging equipment includes：First lens；
The step of using the pulsed optical signals irradiation target scene exported from the photoimaging equipment, includes：
The target scene is placed on the focal point of first lens；
The target scene is irradiated using the pulsed optical signals appeared from first lens.
29. methods according to claim 20,
Characterized in that,
The optical acquisition device includes：Second lens；
The step of reflected light of the target scene is gathered using optical acquisition device includes：
Second lens are placed on into a fixed position, in the fixed position, the target scene to second lens away from
From the focal length for second lens.
30. methods according to claim 20,
Characterized in that,
The step of image reconstruction is carried out to the pulsed optical signals after the first spectral modulation using image reconstruction device includes：
Single pixel compression is carried out to the pulsed optical signals after the first spectral modulation；
Optical signal after single pixel is compressed is converted into into the signal of telecommunication；
Image reconstruction is carried out to the signal of telecommunication.
31. methods according to claim 30,
Characterized in that,
The step of reflected light to optical acquisition device collection carries out the first spectral modulation includes：
Pseudo noise code is produced according to the resolution of desired image；
By the pulsed optical signals of pscudo-random codc modulation to reflected light spectrally；
The step of image reconstruction is carried out to the signal of telecommunication includes：
Image reconstruction is carried out to the signal of telecommunication using the pseudo noise code.
32. methods according to claim 31,
Characterized in that,
The step of single pixel is compressed is carried out to the pulsed optical signals after the first spectral modulation also includes：
The pulsed optical signals after the first spectral modulation are compressed in time domain；
Single pixel compression is carried out to the pulsed optical signals after compression using the pseudo noise code.
33. methods according to claim 31,
Characterized in that,
The imaging system includes：First Dispersive Devices；
Described image reconstruct device includes：Second Dispersive Devices；
Before the step of reflected light to optical acquisition device collection carries out the first spectral modulation, also include：
The frequency spectrum of the pulsed optical signals of the reflected light is launched in time domain using first Dispersive Devices；
The step of single pixel is compressed is carried out to the pulsed optical signals after the first spectral modulation includes：
The pulsed optical signals after the first spectral modulation are compressed in time domain using the second Dispersive Devices；
Single pixel compression is carried out to the pulsed optical signals after compression using the pseudo noise code in first spectral modulation；
The dispersion values of first Dispersive Devices are D1, and the dispersion values of second Dispersive Devices are D2, D1=-D2.
34. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 20-33,
Characterized in that,
The pulse optical signal generating device includes：
Optical signal generator, the second pattern generator and the second photomodulator；
The step of use pulse optical signal generating device produces pulsed optical signals, including：
The optical signal generator produces the optical signal of no pulse output, and is input to the second photomodulator；
Second pattern generator produces pulse signal, and is input to second photomodulator；Second photomodulator
By in the pulse signal modulation to the optical signal.
35. methods according to claim 34,
Characterized in that,
The pulse signal that second pattern generator is produced is according to imaging rate and the spectral width of the optical signal generator
Degree is produced.
36. methods according to claim 34,
Characterized in that,
The imaging system includes：First pattern generator；
The step of reflected light to optical acquisition device collection carries out the first spectral modulation includes：
Pseudo noise code is produced using the first pattern generator；
By the pulsed optical signals of pscudo-random codc modulation to the reflected light spectrally；
The clock signal synchronization of first pattern generator and second pattern generator.
37. methods according to claim 36,
Characterized in that,
The imaging system also includes, clock source；
The clock source produces synchronizing clock signals, is input to the first pattern generator and the second pattern generator.
38. methods according to claim 34,
Characterized in that,
The optical signal generator includes：Noncoherent broadband light source.
A kind of 39. active imaging systems based on compression sampling,
Characterized in that,
Including：
Pulse optical signal generating device, for producing pulsed optical signals；
First photomodulator, for carrying out the first spectrum tune to the pulsed optical signals that the pulse optical signal generating device is produced
System；
Photoimaging equipment, for being imaged to the pulsed optical signals after the first light modulator modulates；
Optical acquisition device, the reflected light formed for the pulsed optical signals irradiation target scene after processing to photoimaging equipment are carried out
Collection；
Image reconstruction device, the reflected light for collecting to the optical acquisition device carry out image reconstruction；
The imaging system also includes：First Dispersive Devices；
First Dispersive Devices are for the frequency spectrum of the pulsed optical signals is launched in time domain；
First photomodulator carries out first spectral modulation to the pulsed optical signals after the expansion.
40. systems according to claim 39,
Characterized in that,
The imaging system also includes：
First pattern generator, for producing pseudo noise code according to the resolution of desired image, and described in producing
Pseudo noise code is input in first photomodulator；
First photomodulator is by the pscudo-random codc modulation to the pulsed optical signals.
41. systems according to claim 40,
Characterized in that,
The pixel number of the desired image is N, then the pseudo noise code that first pattern generator is produced includes M
Sequence, each described sequence include N number of chip.
42. systems according to claim 41,
Characterized in that,
M is the 20%-40% of N.
43. systems according to claim 39,
Characterized in that,
The pulse optical signal generating device includes：The light source for having pulse to export.
44. systems according to claim 43,
Characterized in that,
The pulse optical signal generating device includes：Ultrashort light pulse source.
45. systems according to claim 39,
Characterized in that,
The photoimaging equipment includes：Scattered grating and the first lens；
The scattered grating is for the spectrum of pulsed optical signals is scattered；
First lens are for the spectrum after scattering is focused.
46. systems according to claim 45,
Characterized in that,
The photoimaging equipment also includes：Polarization adjusting device；
The adjusting device that polarizes is for carrying out polarization adjustment by pulsed optical signals；
The scattered grating is scattered for the spectrum of the pulsed optical signals after polarization is adjusted；First lens are used for will
Spectrum after scattering is focused.
47. according to the arbitrary described system of claim 45-46,
Characterized in that,
The target scene of pre-imaging is placed on the focal point of first lens；
The target scene is irradiated using the pulsed optical signals appeared from first lens.
48. systems according to claim 39,
Characterized in that,
The optical acquisition device includes：Second lens；
Second lens are located at a fixed position, in the fixed position, distance of the target scene to second lens
For the focal length of second lens.
49. systems according to claim 39,
Characterized in that,
Described image reconstruct device includes：
Optical-electrical converter, for the pulsed optical signals of the reflected light for collecting are converted into the signal of telecommunication；
Processor, for carrying out calculating process to the signal of telecommunication；
Display, for showing to the image after reconstruct.
50. systems according to claim 49,
Characterized in that,
Described image reconstruct device also includes：
Second Dispersive Devices；
Second Dispersive Devices are for being compressed in time domain to the pulsed optical signals of the reflected light.
51. systems according to claim 50,
Characterized in that,
First photomodulator is by pscudo-random codc modulation to the pulsed optical signals Jing after the process of the first Dispersive Devices；
The dispersion values of first Dispersive Devices are D1, and the dispersion values of second Dispersive Devices are D2, D1=-D2.
52. systems according to claim 49,
Characterized in that,
The imaging system also includes：
First pattern generator, for producing pseudo noise code according to the resolution of desired image, and described in producing
Pseudo noise code is input in first photomodulator；
First photomodulator is by the pscudo-random codc modulation to the pulsed optical signals；
The processor carries out single pixel compression to the signal of telecommunication after conversion using the pseudo noise code that the first pattern generator is produced.
53. according to claim 39-46, the arbitrary described systems of 48-52,
Characterized in that,
The pulse optical signal generating device includes：
Optical signal generator, the second pattern generator, the second photomodulator；
The optical signal generator is used for the optical signal for producing no pulse output；
Second pattern generator is used to produce pulse signal；
Second photomodulator is sent out to the optical signal for the pulse signal modulation for producing second pattern generator
On the optical signal that raw device is produced.
54. systems according to claim 47,
Characterized in that,
The pulse optical signal generating device includes：
Optical signal generator, the second pattern generator, the second photomodulator；
The optical signal generator is used for the optical signal for producing no pulse output；
Second pattern generator is used to produce pulse signal；
Second photomodulator is sent out to the optical signal for the pulse signal modulation for producing second pattern generator
On the optical signal that raw device is produced.
55. systems according to claim 54,
Characterized in that,
The optical signal generator includes：Noncoherent broadband light source.
56. systems according to claim 54,
Characterized in that,
Second pattern generator produces pulse signal according to the spectral width of imaging rate and the optical signal generator.
57. systems according to claim 54,
Characterized in that,
The imaging system also includes：
First pattern generator, for producing pseudo noise code according to the resolution of desired image, and described in producing
Pseudo noise code is input in first photomodulator；
First photomodulator is by the pscudo-random codc modulation to the pulsed optical signals；
First pattern generator is synchronous with the reference clock of second pattern generator.
58. systems according to claim 57,
Characterized in that,
The system also includes：Clock source；
The clock source produces synchronizing clock signals, is input in the first pattern generator and the second pattern generator.
A kind of 59. active imaging systems based on compression sampling,
Characterized in that,
Including：
Pulse optical signal generating device, for producing pulsed optical signals；
Photoimaging equipment, for being imaged to the pulsed optical signals that the pulse optical signal generating device is produced；
Optical acquisition device, the reflected light formed for the pulsed optical signals irradiation target scene after processing to photoimaging equipment are carried out
Collection；
First photomodulator, the reflected light for collecting to the optical acquisition device carry out the first spectral modulation；
Image reconstruction device, for carrying out image reconstruction to the pulsed optical signals after the first light modulator modulates；
The imaging system is also：First Dispersive Devices；
First Dispersive Devices are for the frequency spectrum of the pulsed optical signals of the reflected light is launched in time domain；
First photomodulator carries out the first spectral modulation to the pulsed optical signals after the expansion.
60. systems according to claim 59,
Characterized in that,
The imaging system also includes：
First pattern generator, for producing pseudo noise code according to the resolution of desired image, and described in producing
Pseudo noise code is input in first photomodulator；
The pulsed light letter of the reflected light that the pscudo-random codc modulation is gathered by first photomodulator to the optical acquisition device
On number.
61. systems according to claim 60,
Characterized in that,
The pixel number of the desired image is N, then the pseudo noise code that first pattern generator is produced includes M
Sequence, each described sequence include N number of chip.
62. systems according to claim 61,
Characterized in that,
M is the 20%-40% of N.
63. systems according to claim 59,
Characterized in that,
The pulse optical signal generating device includes：The light source for having pulse to export.
64. systems according to claim 63,
Characterized in that,
The pulse optical signal generating device includes：Ultrashort light pulse source.
65. systems according to claim 59,
Characterized in that,
The photoimaging equipment includes：Scattered grating and the first lens；
The spectrum of pulsed optical signals of the scattered grating for the pulse optical signal generating device is produced is scattered；
First lens are for the spectrum after scattering is focused.
66. systems according to claim 65,
Characterized in that,
The photoimaging equipment also includes：Polarization adjusting device；
The adjusting device that polarizes is for carrying out polarization adjustment by pulsed optical signals；
The scattered grating is scattered for the spectrum of the pulsed optical signals after polarization is adjusted；
First lens are for the spectrum after scattering is focused.
67. according to the arbitrary described system of claim 65-66,
Characterized in that,
The target scene of pre-imaging is placed on the focal point of first lens；
The target scene is irradiated using the pulsed optical signals appeared from first lens.
68. systems according to claim 59,
Characterized in that,
The optical acquisition device includes：Second lens；
Second lens are located at a fixed position, in the fixed position, distance of the target scene to second lens
For the focal length of second lens.
69. systems according to claim 59,
Characterized in that,
Described image reconstruct device includes：
Optical-electrical converter, for the pulsed optical signals modulated through the first optical spectral modulator are converted into the signal of telecommunication；
Processor, for carrying out calculating process to the signal of telecommunication；
Display, for showing to the image after reconstruct.
70. systems according to claim 69,
Characterized in that,
Described image reconstruct device also includes：
Second Dispersive Devices；
Second Dispersive Devices for it is described through the first optical spectral modulator modulation pulsed optical signals carry out in time domain
Compression.
71. systems according to claim 70,
Characterized in that,
First photomodulator is by pscudo-random codc modulation to the pulsed optical signals Jing after the process of the first Dispersive Devices；
The dispersion values of first Dispersive Devices are D1, and the dispersion values of second Dispersive Devices are D2, D1=-D2.
72. systems according to claim 69,
Characterized in that,
The imaging system also includes：
First pattern generator, for producing pseudo noise code according to the resolution of desired image, and described in producing
Pseudo noise code is input in first photomodulator；
First photomodulator is by the pulsed optical signals of the pscudo-random codc modulation to the reflected light；
The processor carries out single pixel compression to the signal of telecommunication after conversion using the pseudo noise code that the first pattern generator is produced.
73. according to claim 59-66, the arbitrary described systems of 68-72,
Characterized in that,
The pulse optical signal generating device includes：
Optical signal generator, the second pattern generator, the second photomodulator；
The optical signal generator is used for the optical signal for producing no pulse output；
Second pattern generator is used to produce pulse signal；
Second photomodulator is sent out to the optical signal for the pulse signal modulation for producing second pattern generator
On the optical signal that raw device is produced.
74. systems according to claim 67,
Characterized in that,
The pulse optical signal generating device includes：
Optical signal generator, the second pattern generator, the second photomodulator；
The optical signal generator is used for the optical signal for producing no pulse output；
Second pattern generator is used to produce pulse signal；
Second photomodulator is sent out to the optical signal for the pulse signal modulation for producing second pattern generator
On the optical signal that raw device is produced.
75. systems according to claim 73,
Characterized in that,
The optical signal generator includes：Noncoherent broadband light source.
76. systems according to claim 73,
Characterized in that,
Second pattern generator produces pulse signal according to the spectral width of imaging rate and the optical signal generator.
77. systems according to claim 73,
Characterized in that,
The imaging system also includes：
First pattern generator, for producing pseudo noise code according to the resolution of desired image, and described in producing
Pseudo noise code is input in first photomodulator；
First photomodulator is by the pulsed optical signals of the pscudo-random codc modulation to the reflected light；
First pattern generator is synchronous with the reference clock of second pattern generator.
78. systems according to claim 77,
Characterized in that,
The system also includes：Clock source；
The clock source produces synchronizing clock signals, is input in the first pattern generator and the second pattern generator.
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