CN104263415A - Dry pulverized coal gasification device - Google Patents
Dry pulverized coal gasification device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104263415A CN104263415A CN201410506578.4A CN201410506578A CN104263415A CN 104263415 A CN104263415 A CN 104263415A CN 201410506578 A CN201410506578 A CN 201410506578A CN 104263415 A CN104263415 A CN 104263415A
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- water wall
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/86—Other features combined with waste-heat boilers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/09—Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a dry pulverized coal gasification device. The device comprises a pulverized coal silo, pulverized coal lock hoppers, a pulverized coal distributing tank, a gasifier gasification chamber, a coal gasification waste heat recovery device, a cyclone separator, a Venturi scrubber and a scrubbing tower, wherein the pulverized coal silo is used for storing ground and dried pulverized coal; the pulverized coal lock hoppers supplement materials in good time according to the material level of the pulverized coal distributing tank, are installed below the pulverized coal silo and are used for receiving pulverized coal; the pulverized coal distributing tank conveys pulverized coal to the gasifier gasification chamber via a carrier gas; the coal gasification waste heat recovery device is connected at the bottom of the gasifier gasification chamber; the cyclone separator is connected on the coal gasification waste heat recovery device via a pipeline; the Venturi scrubber is connected on the cyclone separator via a pipeline; the scrubbing tower is connected on the Venturi scrubber via a pipeline. Combining a quenching chamber with a convective waste heat boiler into a whole, the device has the advantages that the device fully recovers high-temperature raw coal gases and slag sensible heat, removes fly ash, reduces the investment and improves the heat efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal gasification apparatus, particularly relate to a kind of device of dry coal powder gasification.
Background technology
The entrained flow bed gasification technology of existing main flow is mainly divided into coal water slurry gasification and dry coal powder gasification.Wherein, the Typical Representative of coal water slurry gasification is GE gasification technology, and vaporizer generally adopts lining of fire brick structure, is subject to the restriction of pulping technique and refractory brick tolerable temperature, this gasification technology is mainly applicable to ature of coal better and the lower coal of ash fusion point, and gasification temperature is many at about 1300 ~ 1400 DEG C.The Typical Representative of dry coal powder gasification has Shell gasification technology and GSP gasification technology, two kinds of technology do not claim to ature of coal in dry pulverized coal transfer mechanism, vaporizer all adopts water wall structure, therefore, this gasification technology scope of application is wider, can be used for the coal of low-quality, high ash melting point, gasification temperature can reach more than 1500 DEG C.
Principal organ's flow process of Shell gasification technology is: broken coal fully grinds in coal pulverizer, and meanwhile, the high-temperature gas that hotblast stove is sent here heats coal dust, and granularity and water content meet the requirements of coal dust and go out coal pulverizer, arrives normal pressure pulverized coal bunker after filtration.Under sequence of control effect, coal dust comes downwards to coal dust feed hopper through transformation lock hopper, then relies on strength to enter burner along coal chute line, and oxygen enters burner through another road pipeline.Both are in vaporizer mixing afterfire, after the raw gas of generation being advanced into waste heat boiler heat exchange, enter fly-ash filter successively, Venturi scrubber, washing tower complete thin ash and remove operation.Finally, the synthetic gas be cleaned enters follow-up workshop section.
Shell Coal Gasification Technology has himself deficiency: (1) vapourizing furnace and waste heat boiler are split-type design, and both are connected by an angled transition pipeline section, and in-site installation difficulty is larger; (2) waste heat boiler is bulky, and equipment one-time investment is high; (3) filter assemblies of fly-ash filter is ceramic material, can not bear elevated pressures, and easily damaged in actual motion, replacement cost is high.
GSP gasification technology is similar to Shell in coal-grinding with transfer mechanism, then different in gasification and purification mechanism, be in particular in: coal dust generates after raw gas through gasification reaction, under be advanced into shock chamber, after spray Quench, raw gas enters secondary Venturi scrubber, fractional distillating tube, washing tower purification successively, finally delivers to downstream section.
The deficiency of GSP Coal Gasification Technology is: the heat of (1) high temperature rough gas cannot again utilize after chilled water reclaims, and mechanism's thermo-efficiency is not high; (2) do not use the water-bath Quench of band downtake, the raw gas ash content going out vapourizing furnace is comparatively large, and follow-up deliming device overload operation, can not reach original design requirement.
In addition, the flow process of Quench and useless pot conbined usage is also had.If Authorization Notice No. is CN2937134Y, authorized announcement date is that the Chinese utility model patent on August 22nd, 2007 discloses a kind of half waste pot type gas fluid-bed gasification furnace group, mainly in order to improve the efficiency of existing airflow bed gasification furnace group recovery of heat, make energy utilization more reasonable.It comprises slag, gas also flows airflow bed gasification furnace, radiation waste-heat boiler, end entrance on airflow bed gasification furnace lower end outlet serial connection radiation waste-heat boiler, gas, the slag outlet of radiation waste-heat boiler are connected with gas, slag downstream unit respectively.This utility model is reasonably combined with the useless pot vapourizing furnace group and Quench vapourizing furnace group that use at present, useless pot vapourizing furnace group has the shortcomings such as investment is large, device fabrication is complicated, not easy to operate, and Quench vapourizing furnace group well can not utilize the high level heat reclaimed in slag and heating gas; The advantage of this utility model comprehensively both them, can reclaim the high level heat in slag and heating gas, invests simultaneously and also economizes much than useless pot vapourizing furnace group, and flexible to operation.But this utility model is vaporizer and radiation waste pot to be integrated, convection current is given up the external two part arrangement of pot and shock chamber, and equipment one-time investment is high, and vapourizing furnace and the convection current pot that gives up is arranged separately, take up room large, the reliability of system cloud gray model is also affected due to the complexity of equipment.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect that above-mentioned prior art exists, the invention provides a kind of dry coal powder gasification device, shock chamber and convection current are given up pot in conjunction with as a whole by this device, simultaneously in raw gas purifying process, add cyclonic separator as one-level ash handling equipment, it has, and gasification product Exposure degree is abundant, equipment one-time investment is little, flying dust decreasing ratio advantages of higher, effectively can improve comprehensive energy efficiency.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of dry coal powder gasification device, comprise coal dust bunker, coal dust lock hopper, coal dust issuance of materials tank, vapourizing furnace vaporizer, gasification waste heat recovery unit, cyclonic separator, Venturi scrubber and washing tower, described coal dust bunker is for storing through grinding and dried coal dust, described coal dust lock hopper carries out feed supplement according to the material level of coal dust issuance of materials tank in good time, coal dust lock hopper is arranged on below coal dust bunker, for receiving coal dust, described coal dust issuance of materials tank by carrier gas to vapourizing furnace vaporizer pulverized coal conveying, described gasification waste heat recovery unit is connected to bottom vapourizing furnace vaporizer, described cyclonic separator is connected on gasification waste heat recovery unit by pipeline, described Venturi scrubber is connected on cyclonic separator by pipeline, described washing tower is connected on Venturi scrubber by pipeline.
Described gasification waste heat recovery unit comprises tank body, be disposed with opening for feed from tank body top to bottom, pot and pneumatic outlet are given up in shock chamber, pulp water pond, convection current, coal gas runs downwards from the opening for feed of tank body, through shock chamber's Quench, gas temperature after Quench is 800 ~ 900 DEG C, and waste water enters in pulp water pond, and coal gas continues to come downwards to convection current gives up in pot and cool, cooled temperature is 200 ~ 300 DEG C, and cooled coal gas is discharged from pneumatic outlet.
Described opening for feed place is provided with lower cinder notch coil water wall, lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber and lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall lower header, described lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above lower cinder notch coil water wall, and one end is communicated with lower cinder notch coil water wall, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall lower header is positioned at below lower cinder notch coil water wall, and one end is communicated with lower cinder notch coil water wall, the other end stretches out outside tank body.
Described shock chamber is provided with Quench shower nozzle, has pressurization chilled water in Quench shower nozzle, and Quench shower nozzle has multiple, is arranged in inner tank wall, and Quench shower nozzle is towards having a down dip installation.
Described pulp water pond is positioned at below Quench shower nozzle, is connected on tank body outside pulp water pond by web plate, and the lower end in pulp water pond connects scum pipe, and scum pipe is tilted to lower setting.
The described convection current pot that gives up comprises high temperature convection zone, middle temperature convection zone and low temperature convection zone, and described high temperature convection zone is arranged in above warm convection zone, and middle temperature convection zone is positioned at above low temperature convection zone.
Described high temperature convection zone comprises high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, high temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber, high temperature vertical tube water wall lower header, high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall, high-temperature spiral coil wall upper collecting chamber and high-temperature spiral coil wall lower header, described high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at tank body center, and axially extend along tank body, described high temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall and one end and high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described high temperature vertical tube water wall lower header is positioned at below high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, and one end and high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall is positioned at and is close in inner tank wall, described high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at the hollow position of high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall, described high-temperature spiral coil wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall, and one end and high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described high-temperature spiral coil wall lower header is positioned at below high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall, and one end and high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body.
Described middle temperature convection zone comprises middle temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, middle temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber, middle temperature vertical tube water wall lower header, middle temperature coil water wall, middle temperature spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber and middle temperature spiral pipe water wall lower header, described middle temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at tank body center, and axially extend along tank body, described middle temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber is arranged in above warm fin vertical tube membrane wall and one end and warm fin vertical tube membrane wall is connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described middle temperature vertical tube water wall lower header is arranged in below warm fin vertical tube membrane wall, and one end and middle temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described middle temperature coil water wall is positioned at and is close in inner tank wall, described middle temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is arranged in the hollow position of warm coil water wall, described middle temperature spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber is arranged in above warm coil water wall, and one end and middle temperature coil water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described middle temperature spiral pipe water wall lower header is arranged in below warm coil water wall, and one end and middle temperature coil water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body.
Described low temperature convection zone comprises low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, low temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber, low temperature vertical tube water wall lower header, low temperature coil water wall, low temperature spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber and low temperature spiral pipe water wall lower header, described low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at the low heart of tank body, and axially extend along tank body, described low temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall and one end and low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described low temperature vertical tube water wall lower header is positioned at below low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, and one end and low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described low temperature coil water wall is positioned at and is close in inner tank wall, described low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at the hollow position of low temperature coil water wall, described low temperature spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above low temperature coil water wall, and one end and low temperature coil water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described low temperature spiral pipe water wall lower header is positioned at below low temperature coil water wall, and one end and low temperature coil water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body.
The give up ingress of pot of convection current is provided with gas distributor, gas distributor is provided with multiple pore.
The top of described tank body is connected with flange.
Described carrier gas is the gas mixture of pure nitrogen gas, pure carbon dioxide or nitrogen and carbonic acid gas.
The coal dust burner of described vapourizing furnace vaporizer is connected with high pressure oxygen pipeline, and high pressure oxygen pipeline passes into oxygen, and coal dust burner is connected with coal dust issuance of materials tank by pipeline simultaneously, and coal dust and oxygen are passed in coal dust burner simultaneously.
Described Unitary coal gasification installation also comprises dregs breaker and dreg-locking hopper, and described dregs breaker is connected with described scum pipe, and described dreg-locking hopper is connected with dregs breaker.
The present invention, relative to prior art, has the following advantages:
1, the present invention includes coal dust bunker, coal dust lock hopper, coal dust issuance of materials tank, vapourizing furnace vaporizer, gasification waste heat recovery unit, cyclonic separator, Venturi scrubber and washing tower, described coal dust bunker is for storing through grinding and dried coal dust, described coal dust lock hopper carries out feed supplement according to the material level of coal dust issuance of materials tank in good time, coal dust lock hopper is arranged on below coal dust bunker, for receiving coal dust, described coal dust issuance of materials tank by carrier gas to vapourizing furnace vaporizer pulverized coal conveying, described gasification waste heat recovery unit is connected to bottom vapourizing furnace vaporizer, described cyclonic separator is connected on gasification waste heat recovery unit by pipeline, described Venturi scrubber is connected on cyclonic separator by pipeline, described washing tower is connected on Venturi scrubber by pipeline.The present invention makes full use of the sensible heat by-product high pressure steam of raw gas, and total energy approach rate is higher; Vaporizer collocation gasification waste heat recovery unit uses, and can not only reduce intermediate heat loss, can also save facility investment; For the feature that spray Quench ash content is larger, use cyclonic separator to carry out dry method dust, advantage is as follows: easy and simple to handle, good separating effect, life cycle are long, facility investment is little; Cyclonic separator is separated thin ash and can be used as industrial raw material, improves the economic benefit of system.
2, gasification waste heat recovery unit of the present invention comprises tank body, be disposed with opening for feed from tank body top to bottom, pot and pneumatic outlet are given up in shock chamber, pulp water pond, convection current, coal gas runs downwards from the opening for feed of tank body, through shock chamber's Quench, gas temperature after Quench is 800 ~ 900 DEG C, and waste water enters in pulp water pond, and coal gas continues to come downwards to convection current gives up in pot and cool, cooled temperature is 200 ~ 300 DEG C, and cooled coal gas is discharged from pneumatic outlet.Coal gas enters in tank body, first in Quench to 800 ~ 900 DEG C, shock chamber, after Quench, waste water takes away impurity wherein, waste water is discharged from pulp water pond, be advanced into the convection current pot that gives up under coal gas after Quench to cool, cooled gas temperature is at 200 ~ 300 DEG C, and convection current gives up heat that pot produces by recycling again, avoid the waste of heat energy, reclaim the high level heat in slag and heating gas.Make full use of the heat produced in gasification, by-product high pressure steam, total energy approach rate is higher.And shock chamber of the present invention and the convection current pot that gives up is structure as a whole, and not only reduces intermediate heat loss, also greatly saves facility investment; Compare the full pot destroying process of tradition, in raw gas, fly ash content also significantly reduces.
3, opening for feed place of the present invention is provided with lower cinder notch coil water wall, lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber and lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall lower header, described lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above lower cinder notch coil water wall, and one end is communicated with lower cinder notch coil water wall, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall lower header is positioned at below lower cinder notch coil water wall, and one end is communicated with lower cinder notch coil water wall, the other end stretches out outside tank body.The lower cinder notch coil water wall arranged is used for carrying out cooling down to the raw gas entered, reduce Quench load, lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber and lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber are used for the circulation of recirculated water, are fresh water coolant that lower cinder notch coil water wall provides at any time.
4, shock chamber of the present invention is provided with Quench shower nozzle, has pressurization chilled water in Quench shower nozzle, and Quench shower nozzle has multiple, is arranged in inner tank wall, and Quench shower nozzle is towards having a down dip installation.Quench shower nozzle ceaselessly sprays pressurization chilled water and carries out cooling down to raw gas, and the impurity after pressurization chilled water takes away Quench also reduces the temperature of raw gas simultaneously.
5, pulp water pond of the present invention is positioned at below Quench shower nozzle, is connected on tank body outside pulp water pond by web plate, and the lower end in pulp water pond connects scum pipe, and scum pipe is tilted to lower setting.The effect in pulp water pond is for collecting the waste water after Quench, then discharges waste residue wherein by scum pipe.
6, the convection current of the present invention pot that gives up comprises high temperature convection zone, middle temperature convection zone and low temperature convection zone, and described high temperature convection zone is arranged in above warm convection zone, and middle temperature convection zone is positioned at above low temperature convection zone.The convection current of the present invention pot that gives up is set to high temperature convection zone, middle temperature convection zone and low temperature convection zone, and each stage completes the cooling of differing temps, and progressively cool raw gas, cooling is more thorough, and the energy of consumption is relative with refrigerant to be reduced.
7, high temperature convection zone of the present invention comprises high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, high temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber, high temperature vertical tube water wall lower header, high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall, high-temperature spiral coil wall upper collecting chamber and high-temperature spiral coil wall lower header, described high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at tank body center, and axially extend along tank body, described high temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall and one end and high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described high temperature vertical tube water wall lower header is positioned at below high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, and one end and high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall is positioned at and is close in inner tank wall, described high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at the hollow position of high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall, described high-temperature spiral coil wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall, and one end and high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described high-temperature spiral coil wall lower header is positioned at below high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall, and one end and high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body.High temperature convection zone of the present invention relies on high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall and high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall, and two kinds of water wall complete whole cooling action, good cooling results, and is easy to install, and takes up room little.
8, in the present invention, warm convection zone comprises middle temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, middle temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber, middle temperature vertical tube water wall lower header, middle temperature coil water wall, middle temperature spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber and middle temperature spiral pipe water wall lower header, described middle temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at tank body center, and axially extend along tank body, described middle temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber is arranged in above warm fin vertical tube membrane wall and one end and warm fin vertical tube membrane wall is connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described middle temperature vertical tube water wall lower header is arranged in below warm fin vertical tube membrane wall, and one end and middle temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described middle temperature coil water wall is positioned at and is close in inner tank wall, described middle temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is arranged in the hollow position of warm coil water wall, described middle temperature spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber is arranged in above warm coil water wall, and one end and middle temperature coil water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described middle temperature spiral pipe water wall lower header is arranged in below warm coil water wall, and one end and middle temperature coil water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body.During middle temperature convection zone of the present invention relies on, warm fin vertical tube membrane wall and middle temperature coil water wall have come, and two kinds of water wall complete whole cooling action, good cooling results, and are easy to install, and take up room little.
9, low temperature convection zone of the present invention comprises low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, low temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber, low temperature vertical tube water wall lower header, low temperature coil water wall, low temperature spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber and low temperature spiral pipe water wall lower header, described low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at the low heart of tank body, and axially extend along tank body, described low temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall and one end and low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described low temperature vertical tube water wall lower header is positioned at below low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, and one end and low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described low temperature coil water wall is positioned at and is close in inner tank wall, described low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at the hollow position of low temperature coil water wall, described low temperature spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above low temperature coil water wall, and one end and low temperature coil water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described low temperature spiral pipe water wall lower header is positioned at below low temperature coil water wall, and one end and low temperature coil water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body.Low temperature convection zone of the present invention relies on low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall and low temperature coil water wall, and two kinds of water wall complete whole cooling action, good cooling results, and is easy to install, and takes up room little.
10, the present invention is provided with gas distributor in the give up ingress of pot of convection current, gas distributor is provided with multiple pore.Through the effect of gas distributor, air-flow is after forcibly changing flows to, and uniform stream is distributed in space, whole flow field.
11, the top of tank body of the present invention is connected with flange.The effect arranging flange is convenient to gasification waste heat recovery unit and dry coal powder airflow bed gasification furnace to link together.
12, the present invention also comprises dregs breaker and dreg-locking hopper, and described dregs breaker is connected with described scum pipe, and described dreg-locking hopper is connected with dregs breaker.The effect of dregs breaker and dreg-locking hopper processes waste residue.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is one-piece construction schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is gasification waste heat recovery unit structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 be in Fig. 2 A-A to structural representation;
Fig. 4 be in Fig. 2 B-B to structural representation
Fig. 5 is the longitudinal sectional view of high temperature, middle temperature or low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall.
1 is marked in figure, pneumatic outlet, 2, tank body, 3, low temperature convection zone, 3-1, low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, 3-2, low temperature coil water wall, 3-3, low temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber, 3-4, low temperature to vertical tube water wall lower header, 3-5, low temperature spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber, 3-6, low temperature spiral pipe water wall lower header, 4, middle temperature convection zone, 4-1, middle temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, 4-2, middle temperature coil water wall, 4-3, middle temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber, 4-4, middle temperature vertical tube water wall lower header, 4-5, middle temperature spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber, 4-6, middle temperature spiral pipe water wall lower header, 5, high temperature convection zone, 5-1, high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, 5-2, high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall, 5-3, high temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber, 5-4, high temperature vertical tube water wall lower header, 5-5, high-temperature spiral coil wall upper collecting chamber, 5-6, high-temperature spiral coil wall lower header, 6, scum pipe, 7, pulp water pond, 8, Quench shower nozzle, 9, lower cinder notch coil water wall, 9-1, lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber, 9-2, lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall lower header, 10, flange, 11, shock chamber, 12, gas distributor, 13, coal dust bunker, 14, coal dust lock hopper, 15, coal dust issuance of materials tank, 16, coal dust burner, 17, vapourizing furnace vaporizer, 18, gasification waste heat recovery unit, 19, cyclonic separator, 20, Venturi scrubber, 21, washing tower, 22, dregs breaker, 23, dreg-locking hopper.
Embodiment
Coal powder conveyer structure, pressurized gasification mechanism, gas purification mechanism and slagging device are the present invention includes.Wherein, coal powder conveyer structure is made up of coal dust bunker 13, coal dust lock hopper 14, coal dust issuance of materials tank 15, and pressurized gasification mechanism is made up of coal dust burner 16, vapourizing furnace vaporizer 17, gasification waste heat recovery unit 18; Gas purification mechanism is made up of cyclonic separator 19, Venturi scrubber 20, washing tower 21; Slagging device is then made up of dregs breaker 22, dreg-locking hopper 23.
Flow process of the present invention is as follows:
(1) raw coal enters the storage of coal dust bunker after grinding and drying, then relies on self gravitation to fall into be arranged in the coal dust lock hopper of bunker bottom, and lock hopper carries out feed supplement according to the material level of coal dust issuance of materials tank in good time.Issuance of materials tank adopts the mode of bottom discharge to carry out coal dust conveying by pipeline, delivery of carrier gas selects the gas mixture of pure nitrogen gas, pure carbon dioxide or nitrogen and carbonic acid gas according to institution requests, finally, the coal dust in issuance of materials tank enters the outer annular space of coal dust burner together in company with carrier gas;
(2) coal dust burner is positioned at top of gasification furnace, direct-connected vaporizer, and vaporizer and waste heat recovery unit pass through Flange joint.
High pressure oxygen pipeline connects coal dust burner, and oxygen enters annular space in burner.Coal dust and oxygen spray straight down through burner, and both fully mix the reaction of rear generation anoxycausis, generate raw gas.After raw gas enters waste heat recovery unit downwards, first through Quench removing slag and part lime-ash, then to give up pot recovery part sensible heat through convection current, final raw gas flows out from convection current pot bottom outlet of giving up with lesser temps.
(3) raw gas flowed out through useless pot enters cyclonic separator, and the thin ash be removed is discharged bottom cyclonic separator, and the coal gas after purification then flows out from top, subsequently successively by Venturi scrubber, the further ash disposal of washing tower, cooling.Finally, the coal gas meeting institution requests is sent to follow-up workshop section as unstripped gas.
(4) after the raw gas that vaporizer is obtained by reacting enters waste heat recovery unit, a large amount of lime-ash falls into pulp water pond in company with chilled water, Controlling System is according to the regular deslagging of the quantity of slag, slag goes out useless pot afterwards first by dregs breaker disintegrating slag, then enter dreg-locking hopper, slag storage tank (not shown) successively, and finally fall into slag chute (not shown).
Gasification waste heat recovery unit provided by the invention comprises a tank body 2, flange 10 is connected with at tank body top, be disposed with cinder notch 9 water wall from tank body top to bottom, in 11(shock chamber of shock chamber 11, Quench shower nozzle 8 be installed), pulp water pond 7, gas distributor 12, convection current give up pot and pneumatic outlet 1.
Flange 10 upper end connects vapourizing furnace, and vapourizing furnace is breeze airflow bed gasification furnace, in vapourizing furnace, carry out gasification reaction, generates the coal gas carrying a large amount of lime-ash secretly, after lower cinder notch coil water wall 9 cools, enters shock chamber 11.Quench shower nozzle 8 sprays into pressurization chilled water and gas is cooled to 800 ~ 900 DEG C further, part flying dust in gas together falls into pulp water pond 7 with chilled water, the slag of gas directly falls into pulp water pond because of inertia, and coal gas enters convection current downwards along the annular space of pulp water pond and device case and to give up pot.For preventing gas flow short circuit, convection current pot ingress of giving up is provided with gas distributor 12, is uniformly distributed in space, whole flow field and enters convection type downwards and to give up pot after raw gas flows through.The convection current pot that gives up is followed successively by from top to bottom: high temperature convection zone 5, middle temperature convection zone 4 and low temperature convection zone 3.Coal gas sequentially passes through convection current and to give up pot, heat is passed to water wall water coolant, and own temperature reduces.Finally, after coal gas is cooled to 200 ~ 300 DEG C, discharges through pneumatic outlet, enter follow-up mechanism flow process.
The present invention is provided with lower cinder notch coil water wall 9, lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber 9-1 and lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall lower header 9-2 at opening for feed place, described lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above lower cinder notch coil water wall, and one end is communicated with lower cinder notch coil water wall, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall lower header is positioned at below lower cinder notch coil water wall, and one end is communicated with lower cinder notch coil water wall, the other end stretches out outside tank body.
Quench shower nozzle 8 circumferentially hoop is arranged, injection direction is towards device axis, and obliquely, and horizontal by certain angle, injection direction obliquely makes chilled water can not be sprayed onto pulp water pond and body clearance, effectively avoids pneumatic outlet moisture content in gas too high;
Pulp water pond 7 is positioned at below Quench shower nozzle 8, is connected and fix outside pulp water pond 7 by web plate, and the lower end of slag bath connects scum pipe 6, and fall slag for convenience, and scum pipe 6 is tilted to down.
High temperature convection zone 5 comprises high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall 5-1, high temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber 5-3, high temperature vertical tube water wall lower header 5-4, high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall 5-2, high-temperature spiral coil wall upper collecting chamber 5-5 and high-temperature spiral coil wall lower header 5-6, described high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall 5-1 is positioned at tank body 2 center, and axially extend along tank body, described high temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall and one end and high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described high temperature vertical tube water wall lower header is positioned at below high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, and one end and high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall is positioned at and is close in inner tank wall, described high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at the hollow position of high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall, described high-temperature spiral coil wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall, and one end and high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described high-temperature spiral coil wall lower header is positioned at below high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall, and one end and high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body.
Middle temperature convection zone 4 comprises middle temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall 4-1, middle temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber 4-3, middle temperature vertical tube water wall lower header 4-4, middle temperature coil water wall 4-2, middle temperature spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber 4-5 and middle temperature spiral pipe water wall lower header 4-6, described middle temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at tank body center, and axially extend along tank body, described middle temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber is arranged in above warm fin vertical tube membrane wall and one end and warm fin vertical tube membrane wall is connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described middle temperature vertical tube water wall lower header is arranged in below warm fin vertical tube membrane wall, and one end and middle temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described middle temperature coil water wall is positioned at and is close in inner tank wall, described middle temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is arranged in the hollow position of warm coil water wall, described middle temperature spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber is arranged in above warm coil water wall, and one end and middle temperature coil water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described middle temperature spiral pipe water wall lower header is arranged in below warm coil water wall, and one end and middle temperature coil water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body.
Low temperature convection zone 3 comprises low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall 3-1, low temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber 3-3, low temperature vertical tube water wall lower header 3-4, low temperature coil water wall 3-2, low temperature spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber 3-5 and low temperature spiral pipe water wall lower header 3-6, described low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at tank body 2 center, and axially extend along tank body, described low temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall and one end and low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described low temperature vertical tube water wall lower header is positioned at below low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, and one end and low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described low temperature coil water wall is positioned at and is close in inner tank wall, described low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at the hollow position of low temperature coil water wall, described low temperature spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above low temperature coil water wall, and one end and low temperature coil water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described low temperature spiral pipe water wall lower header is positioned at below low temperature coil water wall, and one end and low temperature coil water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body.
Claims (10)
1. a dry coal powder gasification device, it is characterized in that: comprise coal dust bunker, coal dust lock hopper, coal dust issuance of materials tank, vapourizing furnace vaporizer, gasification waste heat recovery unit, cyclonic separator, Venturi scrubber and washing tower, described coal dust bunker is for storing through grinding and dried coal dust, described coal dust lock hopper carries out feed supplement according to the material level of coal dust issuance of materials tank in good time, coal dust lock hopper is arranged on below coal dust bunker, for receiving coal dust, described coal dust issuance of materials tank by carrier gas to vapourizing furnace vaporizer pulverized coal conveying, described gasification waste heat recovery unit is connected to bottom vapourizing furnace vaporizer, described cyclonic separator is connected on gasification waste heat recovery unit by pipeline, described Venturi scrubber is connected on cyclonic separator by pipeline, described washing tower is connected on Venturi scrubber by pipeline.
2. a kind of dry coal powder gasification device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described gasification waste heat recovery unit comprises tank body, be disposed with opening for feed from tank body top to bottom, pot and pneumatic outlet are given up in shock chamber, pulp water pond, convection current, coal gas runs downwards from the opening for feed of tank body, through shock chamber's Quench, gas temperature after Quench is 800 ~ 900 DEG C, waste water enters in pulp water pond, and coal gas continues to come downwards to convection current gives up in pot and cool, cooled temperature is 200 ~ 300 DEG C, and cooled coal gas is discharged from pneumatic outlet.
3. a kind of dry coal powder gasification device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described opening for feed place is provided with lower cinder notch coil water wall, lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber and lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall lower header, described lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above lower cinder notch coil water wall, and one end is communicated with lower cinder notch coil water wall, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described lower cinder notch spiral pipe water wall lower header is positioned at below lower cinder notch coil water wall, and one end is communicated with lower cinder notch coil water wall, the other end stretches out outside tank body.
4. a kind of dry coal powder gasification device according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described pulp water pond is positioned at below Quench shower nozzle, is connected on tank body outside pulp water pond by web plate, and the lower end in pulp water pond connects scum pipe, and scum pipe is tilted to lower setting.
5. a kind of dry coal powder gasification device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the described convection current pot that gives up comprises high temperature convection zone, middle temperature convection zone and low temperature convection zone, described high temperature convection zone is arranged in above warm convection zone, and middle temperature convection zone is positioned at above low temperature convection zone.
6. a kind of dry coal powder gasification device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described high temperature convection zone comprises high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, high temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber, high temperature vertical tube water wall lower header, high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall, high-temperature spiral coil wall upper collecting chamber and high-temperature spiral coil wall lower header, described high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at tank body center, and axially extend along tank body, described high temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall and one end and high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described high temperature vertical tube water wall lower header is positioned at below high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, and one end and high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall is positioned at and is close in inner tank wall, described high temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at the hollow position of high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall, described high-temperature spiral coil wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall, and one end and high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described high-temperature spiral coil wall lower header is positioned at below high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall, and one end and high-temperature spiral coil tube type water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described middle temperature convection zone comprises middle temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, middle temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber, middle temperature vertical tube water wall lower header, middle temperature coil water wall, middle temperature spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber and middle temperature spiral pipe water wall lower header, described middle temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at tank body center, and axially extend along tank body, described middle temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber is arranged in above warm fin vertical tube membrane wall and one end and warm fin vertical tube membrane wall is connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described middle temperature vertical tube water wall lower header is arranged in below warm fin vertical tube membrane wall, and one end and middle temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described middle temperature coil water wall is positioned at and is close in inner tank wall, described middle temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is arranged in the hollow position of warm coil water wall, described middle temperature spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber is arranged in above warm coil water wall, and one end and middle temperature coil water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described middle temperature spiral pipe water wall lower header is arranged in below warm coil water wall, and one end and middle temperature coil water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described low temperature convection zone comprises low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, low temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber, low temperature vertical tube water wall lower header, low temperature coil water wall, low temperature spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber and low temperature spiral pipe water wall lower header, described low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at the low heart of tank body, and axially extend along tank body, described low temperature vertical tube water wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall and one end and low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described low temperature vertical tube water wall lower header is positioned at below low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall, and one end and low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described low temperature coil water wall is positioned at and is close in inner tank wall, described low temperature fin vertical tube membrane wall is positioned at the hollow position of low temperature coil water wall, described low temperature spiral pipe water wall upper collecting chamber is positioned at above low temperature coil water wall, and one end and low temperature coil water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body, described low temperature spiral pipe water wall lower header is positioned at below low temperature coil water wall, and one end and low temperature coil water wall are connected, the other end stretches out outside tank body.
7. a kind of dry coal powder gasification device according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the give up ingress of pot of convection current is provided with gas distributor, gas distributor is provided with multiple pore.
8. a kind of dry coal powder gasification device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described carrier gas is the gas mixture of pure nitrogen gas, pure carbon dioxide or nitrogen and carbonic acid gas.
9. a kind of dry coal powder gasification device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the coal dust burner of described vapourizing furnace vaporizer is connected with high pressure oxygen pipeline, high pressure oxygen pipeline passes into oxygen, coal dust burner is connected with coal dust issuance of materials tank by pipeline simultaneously, and coal dust and oxygen are passed in coal dust burner simultaneously.
10. a kind of dry coal powder gasification device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise dregs breaker and dreg-locking hopper, described dregs breaker is connected with described scum pipe, and described dreg-locking hopper is connected with dregs breaker.
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Application publication date: 20150107 |