CN104258594A - Method for extracting plant effective constituents efficiently - Google Patents
Method for extracting plant effective constituents efficiently Download PDFInfo
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- CN104258594A CN104258594A CN201410590363.5A CN201410590363A CN104258594A CN 104258594 A CN104258594 A CN 104258594A CN 201410590363 A CN201410590363 A CN 201410590363A CN 104258594 A CN104258594 A CN 104258594A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting plant effective constituents efficiently. The method comprises the following steps: taking plant seeds or rhizomes as a raw material, drying, coarsely crushing or crushing, and screening, performing multistage different-temperature-gradient extraction by an extraction tank assembly comprising a plurality of extraction tanks, and obtaining the plant effective constituents. Compared with the conventional extraction method, the multistage different-temperature-gradient extraction method is adopted, so that the extraction yield is obviously increased while the extraction quality of the effective constituents of the plant seeds and rhizomes is ensured, and the effective constituents of the plant seeds and rhizomes are extracted to the greatest extent, therefore, the effects of improving the extraction efficiency, and reducing the extraction cost are achieved, and meanwhile, the plant seeds and the rhizomes are used fully, so that the purpose of fully using the resources is realized. Meanwhile, in order to save energy and lower energy consumption, a heat recovery method is adopted to recover the waste heat generated in the extraction process, and the waste heat is fully utilized as much as possible, so as to lower the energy consumption and the production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to abstraction technique field, be specifically related to a kind of method of efficient extraction effective ingredients in plant.
Background technology
Containing plurality of active ingredients in plant, be the important sources of medicine, food and feeds through extracting and developing, purifying and the extract that obtains, can be applicable to the industries such as nutritious supplementary pharmaceutical, health product, beverage products, cosmetics.
At present, to the extraction of effective ingredients in plant in industry, traditional method mainly contains infusion process, decocting method, osmosis, steam distillation, milling process etc., extract to produce and generally adopt traditional pot type extraction process, use extensively, but produce equipment to fall behind, extraction time is long, recovery rate is low, production efficiency is low.And the new technology of natural product extraction application, as technology such as ultrasonic wave, microwave, overcritical, enzyme engineerings, due to the restriction of technology self-condition, at present also cannot on a large scale, industrial applications is in production.In addition, natural products organic solvent extraction technology, affect product safety and the production safety problem such as organic solvent is poisonous, inflammable and explosive owing to relating to organic solvent residual, range of application is also greatly limited.
The seed of plant and rhizome need because of processing and are convenient to long-term preservation, usually need in rough machined process through airing or high-temperature baking, and airing and baking drying can make the spatial configuration of molecules of vegetable seeds and rhizome become compacter.Meanwhile, the seed of plant compares the leaf of plant, flower position with rhizome, even if having seed and the rhizome of broken plant, the thickness of unit Extraction medium is also relatively thick, and the diffusion rate of leaching process active ingredient can be slower.Extract the active ingredient of vegetable seeds and rhizome by traditional pot type extracting method, compare the Ye Hehua of plant, because of the relation of vegetable seeds and rhizome molecule and surface texture, extract that required time is long, temperature is high, energy consumption is large, and extraction yield is low, production efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
Order of the present invention is that providing a kind of adopts multistage, that different temperatures gradient extracts the efficient extraction effective ingredients in plant to improve extraction efficiency method, and the method technique is simple, with low cost.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A method for efficient extraction effective ingredients in plant, adopt multistage, that different temperatures gradient extracts vegetable seeds or rhizome active ingredient, it comprises the following steps:
1) Feedstock treating: raw material through the laggard row coarse crushing of super-dry or pulverizing, sieve;
2) extract: extractor is connected into extractor row, each extractor has at least one extractant import and at least one liquid outlet, each extractor has a liquid outlet to be connected with the inlet of next extractor, the liquid outlet arranging a last extractor is connected to the inlet of the extractor being arranged in first, form a circulation, above-mentioned raw materials is placed in the material storage tube above extractor, sequentially through vacuumizing, charging, pre-wetted leaves standstill, one-level extracts, secondary extracts, decatize, deslagging, be extracted liquid or sequentially pass through and vacuumize, charging, pre-wetted leaves standstill, secondary extracts, three grades of extractions, decatize, deslagging, be extracted liquid or sequentially pass through and vacuumize, charging, pre-wetted leaves standstill, one-level extracts, secondary extracts, three grades of extractions, decatize, deslagging, be extracted liquid,
Described one-level extraction refers to that extraction temperature is the extraction of 85 ~ 95 DEG C, and secondary extraction refers to that extraction temperature is the extraction of 125 ~ 135 DEG C, and three grades of extractions refer to that extraction temperature is the extraction of 165 ~ 185 DEG C.
Described extractant enters extractor from the top inlet of extractor, enters extractor, export from extractor top inlet from the output of extractor bottom inlet or described extractant from the bottom inlet of extractor.
Described extraction process, the extraction fluid adopting plate-type heat-exchange to reclaim steam waste heat in tapping process slag and three grades of extractions is used for pre-wetted and adds water heating, and the extractant that the extraction fluid of described secondary extraction extracts to one-level heats.
Described extractor row, have heating-up temperature compensator, for extraction process, enter into next tank after heating to a upper tank fluid, ensure extraction temperature between each extractor.
Described extractor row, the pressure in each extractor is less than 2.0MPa.
The inlet amount of described raw material is drop into 250 ~ 400kg raw material in every cubic metre of extractor.
Described extractor row crosscurrent extraction tank number is at least 7, namely at least than one, two, three 3 grades always through many 1 tanks of extractor number.
Described raw material is vegetable seeds or plant roots and stems.
Described vegetable seeds is the one in pea seed, barley seed, soya seeds or mung bean seed, and described plant roots and stems is the plant roots and stems that the fibre-bearing composition such as endive or Radix Glycyrrhizae rhizome is higher.
For ensureing extraction process, there is not stopping state in extractor and keep certain pressure, the plug pipe mesh form that extractor top and bottom liquid outlet adopt has poroid, strip, shape of threads, cross-like etc., plug pipe filter screen size and form can carry out designing and selecting according to property of raw material, and plug pipe filter area designs according to extractor size and feed liquid pipe size.
For ensureing the continuity of producing, extractor row crosscurrent extraction tank number is at least 7, namely at least than one, two, three 3 grades always through many 1 tanks of extractor number, thus guarantee production process, at deslagging after 1st tank extraction terminates, last 1 tank charging complete, start extraction, maintain the extractor number that is in every grade of extraction process all the time constant.
The present invention adopts above technical scheme, with vegetable seeds or rhizome for raw material, through super-dry, pulverize, sieve after, by having the extractor row of multiple extractor, the extraction of multistage, different temperatures gradient is adopted to obtain effective ingredients in plant, both the active ingredient of easily molten, high temperature destructible can to have been extracted in vegetable seeds or rhizome at relatively low temperature, obtain high-quality, high-quality extract, also HTHP can be adopted to extract the active ingredient of indissoluble in vegetable seeds or rhizome at back segment, improve extraction yield.
Compared with conventional extraction process, the present invention is directed to the special construction of vegetable seeds or rhizome, HTHP is utilized to extract the diffusion rate accelerating active ingredient, while the active ingredient ensureing vegetable seeds or rhizome and extraction quality, significant raising extracts yield, farthest extracts the active ingredient of vegetable seeds or rhizome, thus reach raising extraction efficiency, reduce the effect of extraction cost, take full advantage of vegetable seeds or rhizome simultaneously, reach the object making full use of resource.Meanwhile, for economize energy, reduce energy consumption, the waste heat that the present invention adopts energy recovery to reclaim as much as possible in extraction process is made full use of, thus reduces energy consumption and production cost.
Detailed description of the invention
A method for efficient extraction effective ingredients in plant, adopt multistage, that different temperatures gradient extracts vegetable seeds or rhizome active ingredient, it comprises the following steps:
1) Feedstock treating: raw material through the laggard row coarse crushing of super-dry or pulverizing, sieve;
2) extract: extractor is connected into extractor row, each extractor has at least one extractant import and at least one liquid outlet, each extractor has a liquid outlet to be connected with the inlet of next extractor, the liquid outlet arranging a last extractor is connected to the inlet of the extractor being arranged in first, form a circulation, above-mentioned raw materials is placed in the material storage tube above extractor, sequentially through vacuumizing, charging, pre-wetted leaves standstill, one-level extracts, secondary extracts, decatize, deslagging, be extracted liquid or sequentially pass through and vacuumize, charging, pre-wetted leaves standstill, secondary extracts, three grades of extractions, decatize, deslagging, be extracted liquid or sequentially pass through and vacuumize, charging, pre-wetted leaves standstill, one-level extracts, secondary extracts, three grades of extractions, decatize, deslagging, be extracted liquid,
Described one-level extraction refers to that extraction temperature is the extraction of 85 ~ 95 DEG C, and secondary extraction refers to that extraction temperature is the extraction of 125 ~ 135 DEG C, and three grades of extractions refer to that extraction temperature is the extraction of 165 ~ 185 DEG C.
Described extractant enters extractor from the top inlet of extractor, enters extractor, export from extractor top inlet from the output of extractor bottom inlet or described extractant from the bottom inlet of extractor.
Described extraction process, the extraction fluid adopting plate-type heat-exchange to reclaim steam waste heat in tapping process slag and three grades of extractions is used for pre-wetted and adds water heating, and the extractant that the extraction fluid of described secondary extraction extracts to one-level heats.
Described extractor row, have heating-up temperature compensator, for extraction process, enter into next tank after heating to a upper tank fluid, ensure extraction temperature between each extractor.
Described extractor row, the pressure in each extractor is less than 2.0MPa.
The inlet amount of described raw material is drop into 250 ~ 400kg raw material in every cubic metre of extractor.
Described extractor row crosscurrent extraction tank number is at least 7, namely at least than one, two, three 3 grades always through many 1 tanks of extractor number.
Described raw material is vegetable seeds or plant roots and stems.
Described vegetable seeds is the one in pea seed, barley seed, soya seeds or mung bean seed, and described plant roots and stems is the plant roots and stems that the fibre-bearing composition such as endive or Radix Glycyrrhizae rhizome is higher.
Embodiment 1
The extraction of active ingredient in endive:
In the present embodiment, extraction process adopts: without one-level extraction, and secondary extraction is through 2 extractors; Three grades of extractions are through 4 extractors.
Raw material endive through super-dry, pulverize, sieve and be placed on above each HTHP extractor storage vat, open charging vavuum pump, extractor is vacuumized, inlet valve is opened above extractor by endive powder suction extractor when pressure drops to 0.03MPa in extractor, add water pre-wetted, and leave standstill 5min, the object of pre-wetted is mainly in order to make material fully soak into, prevent extraction process dry material from luming, block, yield reduces, 1st extractor secondary extraction process, the 2nd extractor starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, and the 1st extractor secondary extraction terminates, and the 1st, 2 extractor series connection start secondary extraction, direct fluid, and the 3rd tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, and the 1st, after 2 extractor secondary extractions terminate, the 1st tank starts three grades of extractions, the 2nd, 3 extractor series connection start secondary extraction, and the 4th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, and the 2nd, after the extraction of 3 extractor series connection secondarys terminates, the 1st, 2 tank series connection beginning three grades extractions, the 3rd, 4 extractor series connection start secondary extraction, and the 5th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, and the 3rd, after the extraction of 4 extractor series connection secondarys terminates, the 1st, 2, 3 tank series connection beginning three grades extractions, the 4th, 5 extractor series connection start secondary extraction, and the 6th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, and the 4th, after the extraction of 5 extractor series connection secondarys terminates, the 1st, 2, 3, 4 tank series connection beginning three grades extractions, the 5th, 6 extractor series connection start secondary extraction, and the 7th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, and the 5th, after the extraction of 6 extractor series connection secondarys terminates, the 2nd, 3, 4, 5 tank series connection beginning three grades extractions, the 6th, 7 extractor series connection start secondary extraction, the 1st tank decatize, deslagging, washing, charging, starts the production of next circulation.
Described extractor has 3 extractant imports, 2 liquid outlets and 1 slag-drip opening, each extractor has a liquid outlet to be connected with the inlet of next extractor, the liquid outlet arranging a last extractor is connected to the inlet of the extractor being arranged in first, forms a circulation; Described extractant enters extractor from the top inlet of extractor, exports from extractor bottom inlet; The extractant of described secondary extraction, three grades of extractions enters extractor from different extractant imports respectively; Described secondary extraction, three grades of extractions export extract from different liquid outlets respectively; Described extraction process, the extraction fluid adopting plate-type heat-exchange to reclaim steam waste heat in tapping process slag and three grades of extractions is used for pre-wetted and adds water heating;
Described extractor row, have heating-up temperature compensator between each extractor, for extraction process, a upper tank fluid is entered into the extract heating of next tank, ensure the extraction temperature of next tank, thus ensure extraction yield;
Endive powder footpath after described pulverizing is 20 orders, feedstock amount is drop into 250kg raw material in every cubic metre of extractor, it is 85 DEG C that described pre-wetted adds coolant-temperature gage, the weight ratio that raw material and pre-wetted add water is 1:3, adding discharge is 3T/h, described secondary extraction extraction temperature is 135 DEG C, the weight ratio of raw material and extractant water is 1:5, adding discharge is 1.67T/h, described three grades of extraction extraction temperature are 175 DEG C, the weight ratio of raw material and extractant water is 1:10, adding discharge is 1.67T/h, whole extraction process, pressure in extractor is less than 2.0MPa, final total extraction yield 63.1%.
Embodiment 2
The extraction of active ingredient in Radix Glycyrrhizae rhizome:
In the present embodiment, extraction process adopts: one-level extraction is through 1 extractor; Secondary extraction is through 3 extractors; Three grades of extractions are through 3 extractors.
Raw material Radix Glycyrrhizae rhizome through dry, pulverize, sieve after be placed in storage vat above each HTHP extractor respectively, open charging vavuum pump, 1st extractor is vacuumized, inlet valve is opened above extractor by Radix Glycyrrhizae rhizome powder suction extractor when pressure drops to 0.03MPa in extractor, add water pre-wetted, and leave standstill 10min, the object of pre-wetted is mainly in order to make material fully soak into, prevent extraction process dry material from luming, block, yield reduces, 1st extractor one-level extraction process, 2nd extractor starts to vacuumize charging, the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, 1st extractor one-level extraction terminates, 1st extractor proceeds to secondary extraction, 2nd extractor starts one-level extraction, direct fluid, 3rd tank starts to vacuumize charging, the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after 2nd extractor one-level extraction terminates, 1st extractor is connected with the 2nd extractor and is started secondary and extract that (the 1st extractor second is taken turns secondary and extracted, 2nd the tank first round), 3rd extractor starts one-level extraction, 4th tank starts to vacuumize charging, the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after 3rd extractor one-level extraction terminates, with the 1st, 2 extractor series connection start secondary extraction, 4th tank starts one-level extraction, 1st, after 2,3 extractor secondary extractions terminate, 1st tank starts three grades of extractions, 2nd, secondary extraction is carried out in 3,4 extractor series connection, the like, after until the 1st, 2,3 extractor is connected, three grades of extractions terminate, the 1st tank gets final product decatize, deslagging, and three grades of extractions are carried out in the 2nd, 3,4 extractor series connection, below the like, ensure carrying out continuously of production,
Described extractor has 4 extractant imports, 3 liquid outlets and 1 slag-drip opening, each extractor has a liquid outlet to be connected with the inlet of next extractor, the liquid outlet arranging a last extractor is connected to the inlet of the extractor being arranged in first, forms a circulation; Described extractant enters extractor from the bottom inlet of extractor, exports from extractor top inlet; The extractant of described one-level extraction, secondary extraction, three grades of extractions enters extractor from different extractant imports respectively; Described one-level extraction, secondary extraction, three grades of extractions export extract from different liquid outlets respectively; Described extraction process, the extraction fluid adopting plate-type heat-exchange to reclaim steam waste heat in tapping process slag and three grades of extractions is used for pre-wetted and adds water heating, and the extractant that the extraction fluid of described secondary extraction extracts to one-level heats;
Described extractor row, have heating-up temperature compensator between each extractor, for extraction process, a upper tank fluid is entered into the extract heating of next tank, ensure the extraction temperature of next tank, thus ensure extraction yield;
Radix Glycyrrhizae rhizome powder footpath after described pulverizing is 25 orders, feedstock amount is drop into 325kg raw material in every cubic metre of extractor, it is 85 DEG C that described pre-wetted adds coolant-temperature gage, pre-wetted water addition ratio 1:2, one-level extraction extraction temperature is 90 DEG C, the weight ratio of raw material and extractant water is 1:3, adding discharge is 3T/h, described secondary extraction extraction temperature is 130 DEG C, the weight ratio of raw material and extractant water is 1:4, adding discharge is 1.68T/h, described three grades of extraction extraction temperature are 165 DEG C, the weight ratio of raw material and extractant water is 1:5, adding discharge is 1.5T/h, whole extraction process, pressure in extractor is less than 2.0MPa, final total extraction yield 54.2%.
Embodiment 3
The extraction of active ingredient in pea seed:
In the present embodiment, extraction process adopts: one-level extraction is through 1 extractor; Secondary extracts through 6 extractors, without three grades of extractions;
Raw material pea seed through super-dry, coarse crushing, sieve after be placed in storage vat above each HTHP extractor respectively, open charging vavuum pump, 1st extractor is vacuumized, inlet valve is opened above extractor by peameal suction extractor when pressure drops to 0.03MPa in extractor, add water pre-wetted, and leave standstill 7min, the object of pre-wetted is mainly in order to make material fully soak into, prevent extraction process dry material from luming, block, yield reduces, 1st extractor one-level extraction process, 2nd extractor starts to vacuumize charging, the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, and the 1st extractor one-level extraction terminates, and starts secondary extraction, direct fluid, 2nd extractor starts one-level extraction, and the 3rd tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after 2nd extractor one-level extraction terminates, the 1st, 2 tank series connection start secondary extraction, and the 3rd extractor starts one-level extraction, and the 4th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after the extraction of the 3rd extractor series connection one-level terminates, and the 1st, 2, 3 tank series connection start secondary extraction, and the 4th extractor starts one-level extraction, and the 5th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after the 4th extractor one-level extraction terminates, and the 1st, 2, 3, 4 tank series connection start secondary extraction, and the 5th extractor series connection starts one-level extraction, and the 6th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after the 5th extractor one-level extraction terminates, and the 1st, 2, 3, 4, 5 tank series connection start secondary extraction, and the 6th extractor series connection starts one-level extraction, and the 7th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after the 6th extractor one-level extraction terminates, and the 1st, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 tank series connection start secondary extraction, and the 7th extractor starts one-level extraction, and the 8th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after the 7th extractor one-level extraction terminates, and the 2nd, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 tank series connection start secondary extraction, and the 8th tank starts one-level extraction, the 1st tank decatize, deslagging, washing, charging, starts the production of next circulation.
Described extractor has 3 extractant imports, 2 liquid outlets and 1 slag-drip opening, each extractor has a liquid outlet to be connected with the inlet of next extractor, the liquid outlet arranging a last extractor is connected to the inlet of the extractor being arranged in first, forms a circulation; Described extractant enters extractor from the top inlet of extractor, exports from extractor bottom inlet; The extractant of described one-level extraction, secondary extraction, three grades of extractions enters extractor from different extractant imports respectively; Described one-level extraction, secondary extraction, three grades of extractions export extract from different liquid outlets respectively; Described extraction process, adopt the plate-type heat-exchange steam waste heat reclaimed in tapping process slag to be used for pre-wetted and to add water heating, the extractant that the extraction fluid of described secondary extraction extracts to one-level heats;
Described extractor row, have heating-up temperature compensator between each extractor, for extraction process, a upper tank fluid is entered into the extract heating of next tank, ensure the extraction temperature of next tank, thus ensure extraction yield;
Peameal particle diameter after described pulverizing is 30 orders, feedstock amount is drop into 400kg raw material in every cubic metre of extractor, it is 85 DEG C that described pre-wetted adds coolant-temperature gage, pre-wetted water addition ratio 1:2, one-level extraction extraction temperature is 95 DEG C, the weight ratio of raw material and extractant water is 1:3, adding discharge is 3T/h, described secondary extraction extraction temperature is 125 DEG C, the weight ratio of raw material and extractant water is 1:4, adding discharge is 1.68T/h, described three grades of extraction extraction temperature are 185 DEG C, the weight ratio of raw material and extractant water is 1:5, adding discharge is 1.5T/h, whole extraction process, pressure in extractor is less than 2.0MPa, final total extraction yield 54.2%.
Embodiment 4
The extraction of active ingredient in barley seed:
In the present embodiment, extraction process adopts: without one-level extraction, and secondary extraction is through 2 extractors; Three grades of extractions are through 4 extractors.
Raw material barley is in super-dry, coarse crushing, sieving and be placed on above each HTHP extractor storage vat, open charging vavuum pump, extractor is vacuumized, inlet valve is opened above extractor by pearling cone meal suction extractor when pressure drops to 0.03MPa in extractor, add water pre-wetted, and leave standstill 5min, the object of pre-wetted is mainly in order to make material fully soak into, prevent extraction process dry material from luming, block, yield reduces, 1st extractor secondary extraction process, the 2nd extractor starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, and the 1st extractor secondary extraction terminates, and the 1st, 2 extractor series connection start secondary extraction, direct fluid, and the 3rd tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, and the 1st, after 2 extractor secondary extractions terminate, the 1st tank starts three grades of extractions, the 2nd, 3 extractor series connection start secondary extraction, and the 4th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, and the 2nd, after the extraction of 3 extractor series connection secondarys terminates, the 1st, 2 tank series connection beginning three grades extractions, the 3rd, 4 extractor series connection start secondary extraction, and the 5th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, and the 3rd, after the extraction of 4 extractor series connection secondarys terminates, the 1st, 2, 3 tank series connection beginning three grades extractions, the 4th, 5 extractor series connection start secondary extraction, and the 6th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, and the 4th, after the extraction of 5 extractor series connection secondarys terminates, the 1st, 2, 3, 4 tank series connection beginning three grades extractions, the 5th, 6 extractor series connection start secondary extraction, and the 7th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, and the 5th, after the extraction of 6 extractor series connection secondarys terminates, the 2nd, 3, 4, 5 tank series connection beginning three grades extractions, the 6th, 7 extractor series connection start secondary extraction, the 1st tank decatize, deslagging, washing, charging, starts the production of next circulation.
Described extractor has 3 extractant imports, 2 liquid outlets and 1 slag-drip opening, each extractor has a liquid outlet to be connected with the inlet of next extractor, the liquid outlet arranging a last extractor is connected to the inlet of the extractor being arranged in first, form a circulation, described extractant enters extractor from the top inlet of extractor, exports from extractor bottom inlet; The extractant of described secondary extraction, three grades of extractions enters extractor from different extractant imports respectively; Described secondary extraction, three grades of extractions export extract from different liquid outlets respectively; Described extraction process, the extraction fluid adopting plate-type heat-exchange to reclaim steam waste heat in tapping process slag and three grades of extractions is used for pre-wetted and adds water heating;
Described extractor row, have heating-up temperature compensator between each extractor, for extraction process, a upper tank fluid is entered into the extract heating of next tank, ensure the extraction temperature of next tank, thus ensure extraction yield;
Pearling cone meal particle diameter after described pulverizing is 20 orders, feedstock amount is drop into 350kg raw material in every cubic metre of extractor, it is 85 DEG C that described pre-wetted adds coolant-temperature gage, the weight ratio that raw material and pre-wetted add water is 1:3, adding discharge is 3T/h, described secondary extraction extraction temperature is 135 DEG C, the weight ratio of raw material and extractant water is 1:5, adding discharge is 1.67T/h, described three grades of extraction extraction temperature are 175 DEG C, the weight ratio of raw material and extractant water is 1:10, adding discharge is 1.67T/h, whole extraction process, pressure in extractor is less than 2.0MPa, final total extraction yield 59.6%.
Embodiment 5
The extraction of active ingredient in soya seeds:
In the present embodiment, extraction process adopts: one-level extraction is through 1 extractor; Secondary extracts through 6 extractors, without three grades of extractions.
Raw soybeans seed through super-dry, coarse crushing, sieve after be placed in storage vat above each HTHP extractor respectively, open charging vavuum pump, 1st extractor is vacuumized, inlet valve is opened above extractor by soy meal suction extractor when pressure drops to 0.03MPa in extractor, add water pre-wetted, and leave standstill 7min, the object of pre-wetted is mainly in order to make material fully soak into, prevent extraction process dry material from luming, block, yield reduces, 1st extractor one-level extraction process, 2nd extractor starts to vacuumize charging, the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, and the 1st extractor one-level extraction terminates, and starts secondary extraction, direct fluid, 2nd extractor starts one-level extraction, and the 3rd tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after 2nd extractor one-level extraction terminates, the 1st, 2 tank series connection start secondary extraction, and the 3rd extractor starts one-level extraction, and the 4th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after the extraction of the 3rd extractor series connection one-level terminates, and the 1st, 2, 3 tank series connection start secondary extraction, and the 4th extractor starts one-level extraction, and the 5th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after the 4th extractor one-level extraction terminates, and the 1st, 2, 3, 4 tank series connection start secondary extraction, and the 5th extractor series connection starts one-level extraction, and the 6th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after the 5th extractor one-level extraction terminates, and the 1st, 2, 3, 4, 5 tank series connection start secondary extraction, and the 6th extractor series connection starts one-level extraction, and the 7th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after the 6th extractor one-level extraction terminates, and the 1st, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 tank series connection start secondary extraction, and the 7th extractor starts one-level extraction, and the 8th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after the 7th extractor one-level extraction terminates, and the 2nd, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 tank series connection start secondary extraction, and the 8th tank starts one-level extraction, the 1st tank decatize, deslagging, washing, charging, starts the production of next circulation.
Each extractor has 3 extractant imports and 2 liquid outlets and 1 slag-drip opening, each extractor has a liquid outlet to be connected with the inlet of next extractor, the liquid outlet arranging a last extractor is connected to the inlet of the extractor being arranged in first, forms a circulation; Described extractant enters extractor from the top inlet of extractor, exports from extractor bottom inlet; The extractant of described one-level extraction, secondary extraction, three grades of extractions enters extractor from different extractant imports respectively; Described one-level extraction, secondary extraction, three grades of extractions export extract from different liquid outlets respectively; Described extraction process, adopt the plate-type heat-exchange steam waste heat reclaimed in tapping process slag to be used for pre-wetted and to add water heating, the extractant that the extraction fluid of described secondary extraction extracts to one-level heats;
Described extractor row, have heating-up temperature compensator between each extractor, for extraction process, a upper tank fluid is entered into the extract heating of next tank, ensure the extraction temperature of next tank, thus ensure extraction yield;
Soy meal particle diameter after described pulverizing is 30 orders, feedstock amount is drop into 375kg raw material in every cubic metre of extractor, it is 85 DEG C that described pre-wetted adds coolant-temperature gage, pre-wetted water addition ratio 1:2, one-level extraction extraction temperature is 95 DEG C, the weight ratio of raw material and extractant water is 1:3, adding discharge is 3T/h, described secondary extraction extraction temperature is 125 DEG C, the weight ratio of raw material and extractant water is 1:4, adding discharge is 1.68T/h, described three grades of extraction extraction temperature are 185 DEG C, the weight ratio of raw material and extractant water is 1:5, adding discharge is 1.5T/h, whole extraction process, pressure in extractor is less than 2.0MPa, final total extraction yield 55.0%.
Embodiment 6
The extraction of active ingredient in mung bean seed:
In the present embodiment, extraction process adopts: one-level extraction is through 1 extractor; Secondary extracts through 6 extractors, without three grades of extractions.
Raw material mung bean seed through super-dry, coarse crushing, sieve after be placed in storage vat above each HTHP extractor respectively, open charging vavuum pump, 1st extractor is vacuumized, inlet valve is opened above extractor by mung bean flour suction extractor when pressure drops to 0.03MPa in extractor, add water pre-wetted, and leave standstill 7min, the object of pre-wetted is mainly in order to make material fully soak into, prevent extraction process dry material from luming, block, yield reduces, 1st extractor one-level extraction process, 2nd extractor starts to vacuumize charging, the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, and the 1st extractor one-level extraction terminates, and starts secondary extraction, direct fluid, 2nd extractor starts one-level extraction, and the 3rd tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after 2nd extractor one-level extraction terminates, the 1st, 2 tank series connection start secondary extraction, and the 3rd extractor starts one-level extraction, and the 4th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after the extraction of the 3rd extractor series connection one-level terminates, and the 1st, 2, 3 tank series connection start secondary extraction, and the 4th extractor starts one-level extraction, and the 5th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after the 4th extractor one-level extraction terminates, and the 1st, 2, 3, 4 tank series connection start secondary extraction, and the 5th extractor series connection starts one-level extraction, and the 6th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after the 5th extractor one-level extraction terminates, and the 1st, 2, 3, 4, 5 tank series connection start secondary extraction, and the 6th extractor series connection starts one-level extraction, and the 7th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after the 6th extractor one-level extraction terminates, and the 1st, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 tank series connection start secondary extraction, and the 7th extractor starts one-level extraction, and the 8th tank starts to vacuumize charging, and the pre-wetted that adds water leaves standstill, after the 7th extractor one-level extraction terminates, and the 2nd, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 tank series connection start secondary extraction, and the 8th tank starts one-level extraction, the 1st tank decatize, deslagging, washing, charging, starts the production of next circulation,
Each extractor has at least one extractant import and at least one liquid outlet, each extractor has a liquid outlet to be connected with the inlet of next extractor, the liquid outlet arranging a last extractor is connected to the inlet of the extractor being arranged in first, forms a circulation; Described extractant enters extractor from the top inlet of extractor, exports from extractor bottom inlet; The extractant of described one-level extraction, secondary extraction, three grades of extractions enters extractor from different extractant imports respectively; Described one-level extraction, secondary extraction, three grades of extractions export extract from different liquid outlets respectively; Described extraction process, adopt the plate-type heat-exchange steam waste heat reclaimed in tapping process slag to be used for pre-wetted and to add water heating, the extractant that the extraction fluid of described secondary extraction extracts to one-level heats;
Described extractor row, have heating-up temperature compensator between each extractor, for extraction process, a upper tank fluid is entered into the extract heating of next tank, ensure the extraction temperature of next tank, thus ensure extraction yield;
Mung bean flour particle diameter after described pulverizing is 30 orders, feedstock amount is drop into 350kg raw material in every cubic metre of extractor, it is 85 DEG C that described pre-wetted adds coolant-temperature gage, pre-wetted water addition ratio 1:2, one-level extraction extraction temperature is 95 DEG C, the weight ratio of raw material and extractant water is 1:3, adding discharge is 3T/h, described secondary extraction extraction temperature is 125 DEG C, the weight ratio of raw material and extractant water is 1:4, adding discharge is 1.68T/h, described three grades of extraction extraction temperature are 185 DEG C, the weight ratio of raw material and extractant water is 1:5, adding discharge is 1.5T/h, whole extraction process, pressure in extractor is less than 2.0MPa, final total extraction yield 56.2%.
Claims (9)
1. a method for efficient extraction effective ingredients in plant, is characterized in that: adopt multistage, that different temperatures gradient extracts vegetable seeds or rhizome active ingredient, it comprises the following steps:
1) Feedstock treating: raw material through crushed after being dried, sieve;
2) extract: extractor is connected into extractor row, each extractor has at least one extractant import and at least one liquid outlet, each extractor has a liquid outlet to be connected with the inlet of next extractor, the liquid outlet arranging a last extractor is connected to the inlet of the extractor being arranged in first, form a circulation, above-mentioned raw materials is placed in the material storage tube above extractor, sequentially through vacuumizing, charging, pre-wetted leaves standstill, one-level extracts, secondary extracts, decatize, deslagging, be extracted liquid or sequentially pass through and vacuumize, charging, pre-wetted leaves standstill, secondary extracts, three grades of extractions, decatize, deslagging, be extracted liquid or sequentially pass through and vacuumize, charging, pre-wetted leaves standstill, one-level extracts, secondary extracts, three grades of extractions, decatize, deslagging, be extracted liquid,
Described one-level extraction refers to that extraction temperature is the extraction of 85 ~ 95 DEG C, and secondary extraction refers to that extraction temperature is the extraction of 125 ~ 135 DEG C, and three grades of extractions refer to that extraction temperature is the extraction of 165 ~ 185 DEG C.
2. the method for a kind of efficient extraction effective ingredients in plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described extractant enters extractor from the top inlet of extractor, enter extractor from the output of extractor bottom inlet or described extractant from the bottom inlet of extractor, export from extractor top inlet.
3. the method for a kind of efficient extraction effective ingredients in plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described extraction process, the extraction fluid adopting plate-type heat-exchange to reclaim steam waste heat in tapping process slag and three grades of extractions is used for pre-wetted and adds water heating, and the extractant that the extraction fluid of described secondary extraction extracts to one-level heats.
4. the method for a kind of efficient extraction effective ingredients in plant according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described extractor row, have heating-up temperature compensator, for extraction process between each extractor, enter into next tank after a upper tank fluid is heated, ensure extraction temperature.
5. the method for a kind of efficient extraction effective ingredients in plant according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described extractor row, the pressure in each extractor is less than 2.0MPa.
6. the method for a kind of efficient extraction effective ingredients in plant according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the inlet amount of described raw material is drop into 250 ~ 400kg raw material in every cubic metre of extractor.
7. the method for a kind of efficient extraction effective ingredients in plant according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the extractor number of described extractor row series connection is more than 7.
8. the method for a kind of efficient extraction effective ingredients in plant according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described raw material is vegetable seeds or plant roots and stems.
9. the method for a kind of efficient extraction effective ingredients in plant according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described vegetable seeds is the one in pea seed, barley seed, soya seeds or mung bean seed, and described plant roots and stems is endive or Radix Glycyrrhizae rhizome.
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