CN104258508B - Exact dose distributed modulation system and method in a kind of radiotherapy - Google Patents

Exact dose distributed modulation system and method in a kind of radiotherapy Download PDF

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CN104258508B
CN104258508B CN201410549658.8A CN201410549658A CN104258508B CN 104258508 B CN104258508 B CN 104258508B CN 201410549658 A CN201410549658 A CN 201410549658A CN 104258508 B CN104258508 B CN 104258508B
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target area
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positioning system
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CN104258508A (en
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任强
贾婧
王玉
裴曦
吴宜灿
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Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of CAS
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Abstract

The present invention relates to exact dose distributed modulation method and system in a kind of radiotherapy, when interval procedure puts position, obtains the four-dimensional conical beam CT image (4D CBCT) of patient, builds target area motion model in conjunction with respiratory movement signal;In interval procedure, by optical positioning system monitor in real time patient respiration motor message and patient's nonautonomy movable signal, by target area motion model fast prediction tumour shift position, real-time adjustment multi-diaphragm collimator leaf position, beam tightly tracking of knub is made precisely to be treated.Whole therapeutic process patient freely breathes, accelerator uninterruptedly goes out beam, reduces treatment time, while overcoming the dose error that patient respiration motion and nonautonomy movement bring in treatment, improves radiotherapy precision.

Description

Exact dose distributed modulation system and method in a kind of radiotherapy
Technical field
The present invention relates to radiotherapy equipment technical field of improvement, and in particular to exact dose distribution in a kind of radiotherapy Modulating system and method.
Background technology
In radiation therapy process, the respiratory movement of patient and nonautonomy movement can cause the change of knub position, cause to swell Knurl target area acceptable dose is not enough or normal structure organ crosses irradiation, increased tumor recurrence rate and irradiation complication incidence.For Reduce and the uncertainty that brings, the side for clinically generally adopting are thrown in target dose due to respiratory movement and nonautonomy movement Method one is that target area extends out method, fully covers patient respiration motion and non-autonomous motion band by delineating sufficiently large target area border The tumour displacement range that comes, but this can make patient's normal structure receive more radiation exposures, and then it is bad to increase patient's appearance The possibility of reaction;Two is respiratory gating technology, be hold one's breath in patient, breathing end or during certain specific respiratory cycle Wait, radiotherapy is carried out to tumor region, as the motion of now tumour is less, therefore can effectively reduce the border of target area. its Have the disadvantage that the breathing to patient and state there are strict requirements, a lot of cancer patients are unable to reach this requirement, meanwhile, this side Method needs accelerator constantly to stop beam and go out beam, increased accelerator and goes out beam error, also increases the radiocurable time.At present State-of-the-art dynamic radiotherapy technology, such as ejected wave knife, are that the tumor motion dynamic adjustment according to real-time detection in Patients During Radiotherapy is penetrated Beam or the position of patient, make beam substantially aligned with tumour, thus can efficiently reduce the border of target area, greatly reduce to normal The injury of tissue.However, being transported to tumour using interplantation label and X ray real time imagery method more than existing dynamic radiotherapy technology Moving and being tracked, extra imaging dosage and intrusive mood injury is caused to patient.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention be in existing radiation therapy technology cannot by quick, the noninvasive mode of one kind solve by In the patient respiration motion problem inaccurate with the tumor target dose delivery that nonautonomy motion is caused, there is provided a kind of radiation Exact dose distributed modulation system and method in treatment.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
Exact dose distributed modulation system in a kind of radiotherapy, its are held to levy and are to include:Medical accelerator target source, leafy Collimater, therapeutic bed, pulsed KV level X-ray production apparatus, X-ray flat panel detector, optical positioning system, PC server;Medical plus Fast device target source is the x-ray photon source that high energy electron target practice is produced by bremsstrahlung effect;Multi-diaphragm collimator is accurate as beam Straight device, forms predetermined beam direction by the position of real-time adjustment multi-leaf raster leaf sequence and the motion mode of whole machine displacement Beam is treated with beam shape;Pulsed KV level X-ray production apparatus and X-ray flat panel detector project shadow as patient's two-dimensional x-ray As harvester, continuous acquisition image in 360 ° of revolution spaces of accelerator;Optical positioning system, goes forward installed in accelerator Side, for monitoring the respiratory movement signal and nonautonomy motor message of patient;Match somebody with somebody image collecting module, image in PC server Processing module, target area motion real-time monitoring module, X-ray production apparatus driving interface, X ray image collection driving card, optical alignment letter Number collection driving card, therapeutic bed driving interface, multi-diaphragm collimator driving interface, wherein image collecting module and X-ray production apparatus drive Interface, X ray image collection driving card, optical alignment signals collecting driving card, image processing module connection, are responsible for four-dimension taper Beam CT image collections and reconstruction;Image processing module is driven with image collecting module, target area motion real-time monitoring module, therapeutic bed Interface connects, and is responsible for the correction of pendulum position and target area motion model builds;Target area motion real-time monitoring module and image processing module, light Framing signal collection driving card, the connection of multi-diaphragm collimator driving interface is learned, is responsible for the monitor in real time of target area motion and leafy collimation The real time location tracking of device;X-ray production apparatus interface is connected with image collecting module, pulsed KV level X-ray production apparatus, is responsible for image collection Signal conversion between module and pulsed KV level X-ray production apparatus;X ray image collection driving card is put down with image collecting module, X ray Partitioned detector connects, the signal conversion being responsible between image collecting module and X-ray flat panel detector;Optical alignment signals collecting is driven Dynamic card is connected with image collecting module, target area motion real-time monitoring module, optical positioning system, is responsible for optical positioning system and shadow As the signal conversion between acquisition module, target area motion real-time monitoring module;Therapeutic bed driving interface and image processing module, control Bed connection is treated, the signal conversion being responsible between image processing module and therapeutic bed;Multi-diaphragm collimator driving interface is real with target area motion When monitoring module, multi-diaphragm collimator connection, be responsible between target area motion real-time monitoring module and multi-diaphragm collimator signal conversion.
The optical positioning system is laser scanning alignment system, infrared laser alignment system or other optical alignment systems System.The four-dimensional conical beam CT image gathered when image processing module is according to pendulum position and the respiratory movement letter of optical positioning system detection Number building target area motion model, mathematic(al) representation is as follows:
Wherein,
TM(x,y,z,t,ISO):In radiotherapy, isocentric motion is treated relative to medical accelerator in tumor target center Side-play amount;
NI(t):Patient's nonautonomy motion excursion amount;
A, b:Target area motion model initiation parameter;
Recorded during pendulum position is shared a common fate optical positioning system coordinate under phase with plan CT, is reference coordinate;
In treatment, share a common fate optical positioning system coordinate under phase with plan CT;
△t:System responds delay time, and the overall response including optical positioning system positioning and multi-diaphragm collimator displacement is prolonged When;
The revised optical positioning system of system response time delay predicts respiratory movement signal;
R(t):The respiratory movement signal of optical positioning system real-time monitoring;
R(△t):System responds delay time internal respiration motor message variable quantity.
The target area motion model using with plan CT share a common fate optical positioning system under phase origin coordinates as reference Coordinate, in radiotherapy, is calculated by the coordinate value of contrast optical positioning system Real-time Feedback under the specific respiratory phase The tumor target side-play amount that the motion of patient's nonautonomy is caused.
Exact dose distributed modulation system in radiotherapy, the process of realization is:When carrying out pendulum position to patient in therapeutic bed, Image collecting module sets rational acquisition parameter for different tumor locus, by pulsed X-ray production apparatus, X ray flat board Detector and optical positioning system are gathered and rebuild four-dimensional conical beam CT image;Image processing module first by plan CT with Phase four-dimension conical beam CT Image registration, calculates patient's pendulum position side-play amount, and is converted to therapeutic bed drive by therapeutic bed driving interface Dynamic signal drives therapeutic bed adjustment patient location, at the same record now optical positioning system coordinate as start reference coordinate;So The respiratory movement signal that is monitored according to four-dimensional conical beam CT image and optical positioning system afterwards builds target area respiratory movement model;? Go out in beam treatment, motion real-time monitoring module in target area is breathed in conjunction with target area by optical positioning system real-time detection motor message Motion model and optical positioning system start reference coordinate, calculate tumor target displacement in real time and the motion of patient's nonautonomy is inclined Shifting amount, and these side-play amounts are converted to multi-diaphragm collimator amount of movement, control multi-diaphragm collimator is quickly made corresponding displacement and is rung Should, realize that beam is irradiated to the real-time tracking of tumor target.
Present invention advantage compared with prior art is:
(1) exact dose distributed modulation method and system in a kind of radiotherapy of the invention, can be simultaneously to radiotherapy In due to patient respiratory movement and nonautonomy move the tumor target motion excursion amount that causes and carry out monitor in real time, and plus System response time delay correction is entered, it is achieved that multi-diaphragm collimator is irradiated to the real-time tracking of tumor target.
(2) after using the present invention, without the need for extending out to patient target region border, without the need for implantable marker thing, without the need in radiotherapy During carry out the X ray real time imagery extra to patient, whole therapeutic process patient freely can breathe, and accelerator is uninterrupted Go out beam, improve patient comfort, reduce treatment time.
(3) present invention not only can monitor in real time due to tumor target change in location caused by respiratory movement, while may be used also The tumour displacement that Quantitative Monitoring compensation is brought due to the movement of patient's nonautonomy, the motion excursion amount according to tumor target are controlled in real time Multi-diaphragm collimator processed adjusts beam direction, and the tumor motion of patient is compensated, so as to realize accurate dosage distribution.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is exact dose distributed modulation system configuration schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that exact dose distributed modulation method realizes schematic flow sheet
Fig. 3 is exact dose distributed modulation system and method operation principle schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description the present invention is described further:
As shown in figure 1, exact dose distributed modulation system in the radiotherapy of the present invention, including medical accelerator target source 1, Multi-diaphragm collimator 2, pulsed KV level X-ray production apparatus 3, X-ray flat panel detector 4, optical positioning system 5, therapeutic bed 6, high-performance PC server 7;Wherein medical accelerator target source 1 is the x-ray photon source that high energy electron target practice is produced by bremsstrahlung effect; Multi-diaphragm collimator 2 is shifted as beam collimation device, the position and whole machine that can pass through real-time adjustment multi-leaf raster leaf sequence Motion mode forms predetermined beam direction and beam shape treatment beam;Pulsed KV level X-ray production apparatus 3 and the detection of X ray flat board Device 4, can be in continuous acquisition image in 360 ° of revolution spaces of accelerator used as patient's two-dimensional x-ray projection image harvester;Light It can be laser scanning alignment system, infrared laser alignment system or other optical positioning systems to learn alignment system 5, installed in plus Fast device front upper place, for monitoring the respiratory movement signal and nonautonomy motor message of patient;Therapeutic bed 6 is manual, automatically double Control therapeutic bed;Penetrate with image collecting module 8, image processing module 9, target area motion real-time monitoring module 10, X in PC server 7 Line machine interface 11, X ray image collection driving card 12, optical alignment signals collecting driving card 13, therapeutic bed driving interface 14, many Leaf collimater driving interface 15, wherein image collecting module 8 gather driving card with X-ray production apparatus driving interface 11, X ray image 12nd, optical alignment signals collecting driving card 13, image processing module 9 connect, and are responsible for four-dimension conical beam CT image collection and reconstruction; Image processing module 9 is connected with image collecting module 8, target area motion real-time monitoring module 10, therapeutic bed driving interface 6, is responsible for Pendulum position is corrected and target area motion model builds;Target area motion real-time monitoring module 10 and image processing module 9, optical alignment signal Collection driving card 13, multi-diaphragm collimator driving interface 15 connect, and are responsible for the monitor in real time of target area motion and the reality of multi-diaphragm collimator When locating and tracking;X-ray production apparatus interface 11 is connected with image collecting module 8, pulsed KV level X-ray production apparatus 3, is responsible for image collection mould Signal conversion between block 8 and pulsed KV level X-ray production apparatus 3;X ray image collection driving card 12 is penetrated with image collecting module 8, X Line flat panel detector 4 connects, the signal conversion being responsible between image collecting module 8 and X-ray flat panel detector 4;Optical alignment is believed Number collection driving card 13 is connected with image collecting module 8, target area motion real-time monitoring module 10, optical positioning system 5, responsible light Learn alignment system 5 and the conversion of the signal between image collecting module 8, target area motion real-time monitoring module 10;Therapeutic bed drives and connects Mouth 14 is connected with image processing module 9, therapeutic bed 6, the signal conversion being responsible between image processing module 9 and therapeutic bed 6;Leafy standard Straight device driving interface 15 is connected with target area motion real-time monitoring module 10, multi-diaphragm collimator 2, is responsible for target area motion monitor in real time mould Signal conversion between block 10 and multi-diaphragm collimator 2.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of exact dose distributed modulation method in radiotherapy, it is as follows which implements step:
When carrying out pendulum position to patient in therapeutic bed, image collecting module 8 sets rational for different tumor locus Acquisition parameter, and driving card 12, optical alignment signals collecting driving card are gathered by X-ray production apparatus driving interface 11, X ray image 13 driving pulse formula KV level X-ray production apparatus 3, X-ray flat panel detector 4 and optical positioning system 5 gather serial two-dimensional x-ray projection Data for projection of the respiratory movement signal generation of data and optical positioning system with respiratory phase mark, by classical FDK (Feldkamp-Davis-Kress) cone beam ct reconstruction algorithm rebuilds patient's four-dimension conical beam CT image;Image processing module 9 First by planning CT with the four-dimension conical beam CT Image registration of same phase, registering mode is supported based on maximum mutual information quantity algorithm Rigid Registration mode and the elastic registrating mode based on Demos algorithms, export patient's pendulum position side-play amount after registration, and by therapeutic bed Driving interface 14 is converted to therapeutic bed drive signal and drives therapeutic bed adjustment patient location, while recording now optical positioning system Coordinate is used as start reference coordinate;Then image processing module 9 is monitored according to four-dimensional conical beam CT image and optical positioning system Respiratory movement signal build target area respiratory movement model, target area motion mathematical model expression formula is as follows:
Wherein,
TM(x,y,z,t,ISO):In radiotherapy, isocentric motion is treated relative to medical accelerator in tumor target center Side-play amount;
NI(t):Patient's nonautonomy motion excursion amount;
A, b:Target area motion model initiation parameter;
Recorded during pendulum position is shared a common fate optical positioning system coordinate under phase with plan CT, is reference coordinate;
In treatment, share a common fate optical positioning system coordinate under phase with plan CT;
△t:System responds delay time, and the overall response including optical positioning system positioning and multi-diaphragm collimator displacement is prolonged When;
The revised optical positioning system of system response time delay predicts respiratory movement signal;
R(t):The respiratory movement signal of optical positioning system real-time monitoring;
R(△t):System responds delay time internal respiration motor message variable quantity.
During beam is gone out, target area motion real-time monitoring module 10 passes through 5 real-time detection motor message of optical positioning system, In conjunction with target area respiratory movement model and optical positioning system start reference coordinate, calculate tumor target displacement in real time and patient is non- Activity side-play amount, and these side-play amounts are converted to multi-diaphragm collimator amount of movement, by multi-diaphragm collimator driving interface 15 Control multi-diaphragm collimator quickly makes corresponding dynamic respond, realizes that beam is irradiated to the real-time tracking of tumor target.
In a word, the present invention proposes a kind of accurate dosage distributed modulation system and method, and its basic thought is in radiotherapy The relation that front first collection four-dimension conical beam CT image is set up between breathing state and tumour displacement, by setting up in Patients During Radiotherapy Relation and obtain indirectly the motion of tumour to the real-time monitoring that respiratory movement and nonautonomy are moved, and according to tumor target Motion excursion amount control multi-diaphragm collimator adjustment beam direction, the tumor motion of patient is compensated, accurate so as to realize Dosage distribution.Compared with the conventional method, the method not only can be monitored due to knub position change caused by respiratory movement, with When can also Quantitative Monitoring compensation due to the tumour displacement that brings of movement of patient's nonautonomy;And need not pass through in Patients During Radiotherapy Implantable marker thing and X ray real time imagery obtain the position of tumour, therefore can avoid being imaged injury of the dosage to patient, realize Without invasive accurate radiotherapy.
The technology contents of the non-detailed disclosure of the present invention adopt techniques known.

Claims (3)

1. exact dose distributed modulation system in a kind of radiotherapy, which is held to levy and is to include:Medical accelerator target source, leafy standard Straight device, therapeutic bed, pulsed KV level X-ray production apparatus, X-ray flat panel detector, optical positioning system, PC server;Medical acceleration Device target source is the x-ray photon source that high energy electron target practice is produced by bremsstrahlung effect;Multi-diaphragm collimator is used as beam collimation Device, the motion mode shifted by the position of real-time adjustment multi-leaf raster leaf sequence and whole machine formed predetermined beam direction and Beam shape treats beam;Pulsed KV level X-ray production apparatus and X-ray flat panel detector are used as patient's two-dimensional x-ray projection image Harvester, continuous acquisition image in 360 ° of revolution spaces of accelerator;Optical positioning system, installed in accelerator front upper place, For monitoring the respiratory movement signal and nonautonomy motor message of patient;Match somebody with somebody at image collecting module, image in PC server Reason module, target area motion real-time monitoring module, X-ray production apparatus driving interface, X ray image collection driving card, optical alignment signal Collection driving card, therapeutic bed driving interface, multi-diaphragm collimator driving interface, wherein image collecting module are driven with X-ray production apparatus and are connect Mouth, X ray image collection driving card, optical alignment signals collecting driving card, image processing module connection, are responsible for four-dimension pencil-beam CT image collections and reconstruction;Image processing module drives and connects with image collecting module, target area motion real-time monitoring module, therapeutic bed Mouth connection, is responsible for the correction of pendulum position and target area motion model and builds;Target area motion real-time monitoring module and image processing module, optics Framing signal collection driving card, the connection of multi-diaphragm collimator driving interface, are responsible for monitor in real time and the multi-diaphragm collimator of target area motion Real time location tracking;X-ray production apparatus interface is connected with image collecting module, pulsed KV level X-ray production apparatus, is responsible for image collection mould Signal conversion between block and pulsed KV level X-ray production apparatus;X ray image collection driving card and image collecting module, X ray flat board Detector connects, the signal conversion being responsible between image collecting module and X-ray flat panel detector;Optical alignment signals collecting drives Card is connected with image collecting module, target area motion real-time monitoring module, optical positioning system, is responsible for optical positioning system and image Signal conversion between acquisition module, target area motion real-time monitoring module;Therapeutic bed driving interface and image processing module, treatment Bed connection, the signal conversion being responsible between image processing module and therapeutic bed;Multi-diaphragm collimator driving interface is with target area motion in real time Monitoring module, multi-diaphragm collimator connection, the signal conversion being responsible between target area motion real-time monitoring module and multi-diaphragm collimator;
The four-dimensional conical beam CT image gathered when the image processing module is according to pendulum position and the breathing of optical positioning system detection Building target area motion model, mathematic(al) representation is as follows for motor message:
TM ( x , y , z , t , I S O ) = a + bR ( t ) c o r r + NI ( t ) - - - ( 1 )
NI(t)=P(Rconst,t)-P(Rconst,tct)(2)
R ( t ) c o r r = R ( t ) + R ( Δ t ) - - - ( 3 )
Wherein,
TM(x,y,z,t,ISO):In radiotherapy, isocentric motion excursion is treated relative to medical accelerator in tumor target center Amount;
NI(t):Patient's nonautonomy motion excursion amount;
A, b:Target area motion model initiation parameter;
P(Rconst,tct):Recorded during pendulum position is shared a common fate optical positioning system coordinate under phase with plan CT, is reference coordinate;
P(Rconst,t):In treatment, share a common fate optical positioning system coordinate under phase with plan CT;
△t:System responds delay time, including optical positioning system positioning and the overall response time delay of multi-diaphragm collimator displacement;
The revised optical positioning system of system response time delay predicts respiratory movement signal;
R(t):The respiratory movement signal of optical positioning system real-time monitoring;
R(△t):System responds delay time internal respiration motor message variable quantity.
2. exact dose distributed modulation system in a kind of radiotherapy according to claim 1, which is held to levy and is:The light It is laser scanning alignment system, infrared laser alignment system or other optical positioning systems to learn alignment system.
3. exact dose distributed modulation system in a kind of radiotherapy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the target Area's motion model using with plan CT share a common fate optical positioning system under phase origin coordinates as reference coordinate, in radiotherapy In, the motion of patient's nonautonomy is calculated by the coordinate value of contrast optical positioning system Real-time Feedback under the specific respiratory phase The tumor target side-play amount for causing.
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