CN104258333A - 一种止咳喷剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种止咳喷剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种止咳喷剂及其制备方法,该止咳喷剂包括:野马追、满山红、暴马子皮、矮地茶、功劳叶、瓜子金、杧果叶、白屈菜、穿山龙、烈香杜鹃、石吊兰、虎杖、侧柏叶、川贝母、马兜铃、平贝母、生姜、鹅不食草、黄荆子、款冬花、紫菀、白前、伊贝母、百部、余甘子、紫苏子、沙棘、牡荆叶、甘草、枇杷叶、苦杏仁、橘络、绞股蓝、洋金花及猪胆粉。制备方法:将原料洗净烘干、置于煎药器中,加水,煮沸后小火熬1~2小时,过滤,滤渣加水,煮沸后小火熬1~2小时,过滤,合并两次滤液,加入蒸馏水,搅拌均匀,装瓶制成喷剂。本发明从肺、脾、肾多方面对症下药,协同奏效,对肺热咳嗽具有很好的疗效,且配方搭配合理,口感宜人,适应性广。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药领域,具体涉及一种止咳喷剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
痰浊咳嗽,哮喘,多为肺家病症。《素问·咳论》谓“五脏六腑令人咳,非独肺也”,如土不生金可致咳,肾水上射可致咳,肝火犯肺可致咳,腑气不降可致咳等。因此,咳嗽与肺、脾、肾三脏最为密切。
中国专利CN 102793880 A公开了一种止咳化痰的喷雾剂,包括如下成分:川贝母2~3份、党参5~7份、黄精3~5份、金银花5~8份、桔梗4~6份、甘草6~9份、五味子7~10份、白前2~3份、百部1~2份和桑叶4~6份。该配方主归肺经,药效单一,见效慢。
中国专利CN 14153244 A公开了一种止喘止咳的中成药,由黄芩、前胡、百部、红花龙胆、梧桐根、白花蛇草、红管药组成。该配方口感不适,不利于推广应用。
发明内容
基于上述信息,本发明的目的在于提供一种具有多方疗效、使用方便且口感合适的止咳喷剂及其制备方法。
本发明的止咳喷剂的技术方案如下:
一种止咳喷剂,按重量份计,包括如下组分:野马追30~60份,满山红25~50份,暴马子皮30~45份,矮地茶15~30份,功劳叶15~30份,瓜子金15~30份,杧果叶15~30份,白屈菜9~18份,穿山龙9~15份,烈香杜鹃9~15份,石吊兰9~15份,虎杖9~15份,侧柏叶6~12份,川贝母3~9份,马兜铃3~9份,平贝母3~9份,生姜3~9份,鹅不食草6~9份,黄荆子6~9份,款冬花5~9份,紫菀5~9份,白前3~9份,伊贝母3~9份,百部3~9份,余甘子3~9份,紫苏子3~9份,沙棘3~9份,牡荆叶3~9份,甘草1.5~9份,枇杷叶6~9份,苦杏仁4.5~9份,橘络3~5份,绞股蓝3~5份,洋金花0.3~0.6份,猪胆粉0.3~0.6份。
优选地,所述中草药粉末按重量份计,包括如下组分:野马追40~50份,满山红35~40份,暴马子皮35~40份,矮地茶20~25份,功劳叶20~25份,瓜子金20~25份,杧果叶20~25份,白屈菜12~16份,穿山龙12~14份,烈香杜鹃12~14份,石吊兰10~13份,虎杖10~13份,侧柏叶8~10份,川贝母5~8份,马兜铃5~7份,平贝母5~7份,生姜5~8份,鹅不食草7~8份,黄荆子7~8份,款冬花6~8份,紫菀6~8份,白前5~7份,伊贝母5~7份,百部5~7份,余甘子5~7份,紫苏子5~7份,沙棘5~7份,牡荆叶5~7份,甘草3~7份,枇杷叶7~8份,苦杏仁5.5~8份,橘络3.5~4.5份,绞股蓝3.5~4.5份,洋金花0.4~0.5份,猪胆粉0.4~0.5份。
更优选地,所述中草药粉末按重量份计,包括如下组分:野马追45份,满山红38份,暴马子皮38份,矮地茶22份,功劳叶22份,瓜子金22份,杧果叶22份,白屈菜14份,穿山龙13份,烈香杜鹃13份,石吊兰12份,虎杖12份,侧柏叶9份,川贝母7份,马兜铃6份,平贝母6份,生姜7份,鹅不食草7份,黄荆子7份,款冬花7份,紫菀7份,白前6份,伊贝母6份,百部6份,余甘子6份,紫苏子6份,沙棘6份,牡荆叶6份,甘草5份,枇杷叶7份,苦杏仁6.5份,橘络4份,绞股蓝4份,洋金花0.4份,猪胆粉0.4份。
野马追,苦,平。归肺经。化痰止咳平喘。用于痰多咳嗽气喘。
满山红,辛、苦,寒。归肺、脾经。止咳祛痰。用于咳嗽气喘痰多。
暴马子皮,苦,微寒。归肺经。清肺祛痰,止咳平喘。用于咳喘痰多。
矮地茶,辛、微苦,平。归肺、肝经。化痰止咳,清利湿热,活血化瘀。用于新久咳嗽,喘满痰多,湿热黄疸,经闭瘀阻,风湿痹痛,跌打损伤。
功劳叶,苦,凉。归肺、肝、肾经。清热,除蒸,止咳化痰,燥湿,解毒。用于肺痨咳血,骨蒸潮热,头晕耳鸣,腰膝酸痛,湿热黄疸,痢疾,带下,湿疹瘙痒,目赤肿痛,痈肿疮毒。
瓜子金,辛、苦,平。归肺经。祛痰止咳,活血消肿,解毒止痛。用于咳嗽痰多,咽喉肿痛;外治跌打损伤,疔疮疖肿,蛇虫咬伤。
杧果叶,甘,凉。归肺、胃经。止咳化痰,行气消积。用于咳嗽痰多,食积腹痛,小儿疳积。
白屈菜,苦,凉;有毒。归肺、胃经。解痉止痛,止咳平喘。用于胃脘挛痛,咳嗽气喘,百日咳。
穿山龙,甘、苦,温。归肝、肾、肺经。祛风除湿,舒筋通络,活血止痛,止咳平喘。用于风湿痹病,关节肿胀,疼痛麻木,跌扑损伤,闪腰岔气,咳嗽气喘。
烈香杜鹃,辛、苦,温。归肺经。祛痰,止咳,平喘。用于咳喘痰多。
石吊兰,苦,温。归肺经。化痰止咳,软坚散结。用于咳嗽痰多,瘰疬痰核9~15g。外用适量,捣敷,或煎水外洗。
虎杖,微苦,微寒。归肝、胆、肺经。利湿退黄,清热解毒,散瘀止痛,止咳化痰。用于湿热黄疸,淋浊,带下,风湿痹痛,痈肿疮毒,水火烫伤,经闭,癥瘕,跌打损伤,肺热咳嗽。
侧柏叶,苦、涩,寒。归肺、肝、脾经。凉血止血,化痰止咳,生发乌发。用于吐血,衄血,咯血,便血,崩漏下血,肺热咳嗽,血热脱发,须发早白。
川贝母,苦、甘,微寒。归肺、心经。清热润肺,化痰止咳,散结消痈。用于肺热燥咳,干咳少痰,阴虚劳嗽,痰中带血,瘰疬,乳痈,肺痈。
马兜铃,苦,微寒。归肺、大肠经。清肺降气,止咳平喘,清肠消痔。用于肺热咳喘,痰中带血,肠热痔血,痔疮肿痛。
平贝母,苦、甘,微寒。归肺、心经。清热润肺,化痰止咳。用于肺热燥咳,干咳少痰,阴虚劳嗽,咳痰带血。
生姜,辛,微温。归肺、脾、胃经。解表散寒,温中止呕,化痰止咳,解鱼蟹毒。用于风寒感冒,胃寒呕吐,寒痰咳嗽,鱼蟹中毒。
鹅不食草,辛,温。归肺经。发散风寒,通鼻窍,止咳。用于风寒头痛,咳嗽痰多,鼻塞不通,鼻渊流涕。
黄荆子,辛、苦,温。归肺、胃经。祛痰止咳平喘,理气和胃止痛。用于咳喘痰多,胃痛,呃逆。
款冬花,辛、微苦,温。归肺经。润肺下气,止咳化痰。用于新久咳嗽,喘咳痰多,劳嗽咳血。
紫菀,辛、苦,温。归肺经。润肺下气,消痰止咳。用于痰多喘咳,新久咳嗽,劳嗽咳血。
白前,辛、苦,微温。归肺经。降气,消痰,止咳。用于肺气壅实,咳嗽痰多,胸满喘急。
伊贝母,苦、甘,微寒。归肺、心经。清热润肺,化痰止咳。用于肺热燥咳,干咳少痰,阴虚劳嗽,咳痰带血。
百部,甘、苦,微温。归肺经。润肺下气止咳,杀虫灭虱。用于新久咳嗽,肺痨咳嗽,顿咳;外用于头虱,体虱,蛲虫病,阴痒。蜜百部润肺止咳。用于阴虚劳嗽。
余甘子,甘、酸、涩,凉。归肺、胃经。清热利咽,润肺化痰,生津止渴。用于感冒发热,咽痛口干,燥咳痰粘,烦热口渴。
紫苏子,辛,温。归肺经。降气化痰,止咳平喘,润肠通便。用于痰壅气逆,咳嗽气喘,肠燥便秘。
沙棘,酸、涩,温。归脾、胃、肺、心经。健脾消食,止咳祛痰,活血散瘀。用于脾虚食少,食积腹痛,咳嗽痰多,胸痹心痛,瘀血经闭,跌扑瘀肿。
牡荆叶,微苦、辛,平。归肺经。祛痰,止咳,平喘。用于咳嗽痰多。
甘草,甘,平。归心、肺、脾、胃经。补脾益气,清热解毒,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,调和诸药。用于脾胃虚弱,倦怠乏力,心悸气短,咳嗽痰多,脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛,痈肿疮毒,缓解药物毒性、烈性。
枇杷叶,苦,微寒。归肺、胃经。清肺止咳,降逆止呕。用于肺热咳嗽,气逆喘急,胃热呕逆,烦热口渴。
苦杏仁,苦,微温;有小毒。归肺、大肠经。降气止咳平喘,润肠通便。用于咳嗽气喘,胸满痰多,肠燥便秘。
橘络,甘、苦,平。归肝、肺经。行气通络,化痰止咳。用于痰滞经络之胸痛、咳嗽、痰多。
绞股蓝,甘、苦,微寒。归脾、肺经。益气健脾,化痰止咳,清热解毒,化浊降脂。用于脾胃气虚,倦怠食少,肺虚燥咳,咽喉疼痛,高脂血症。
洋金花,辛,温;有毒。归肺、肝经。平喘止咳,解痉定痛。用于哮喘咳嗽,脘腹冷痛,风湿痹痛,小儿慢惊;外科麻醉。
猪胆粉,苦,寒。 归肝、胆、肺、大肠经。清热润燥,止咳平喘,解毒。用于顿咳,哮喘,热病燥渴,目赤,喉痹,黄疸,泄泻,痢疾,便秘,痈疮肿毒。
一种治疗脚气的粉剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)、将野马追、满山红、暴马子皮、矮地茶、功劳叶、瓜子金、杧果叶、白屈菜、穿山龙、烈香杜鹃、石吊兰、虎杖、侧柏叶、川贝母、马兜铃、平贝母、生姜、鹅不食草、黄荆子、款冬花、紫菀、白前、伊贝母、百部、余甘子、紫苏子、沙棘、牡荆叶、甘草、枇杷叶、苦杏仁、橘络、绞股蓝、洋金花及猪胆粉洗净烘干备用;
(2)、将步骤(1)制备的原料混合置于煎药器中,第一次加水,煮沸后小火熬1~2小时,过滤,滤渣第二次加水,煮沸后小火熬1~2小时,过滤,合并两次滤液,加入蒸馏水,搅拌均匀,装瓶制成喷剂。
优选地,步骤(1)中烘干温度为40~60℃,烘干时间为12~24小时。
更优选地,步骤(1)中烘干温度为50℃,烘干时间为16小时。
步骤(2)中第一次加水和第二次加水的量均以浸没原料为准。
步骤(2)中加入的蒸馏水与滤液的体积比为5~6:1。
咳嗽时,只需将本发明的止咳喷剂对口腔喷两三下,即可起到止咳的效果。
本发明的有益效果为:从肺、脾、肾多方面对症下药,协同奏效,对肺热咳嗽具有很好的疗效,且配方搭配合理,口感宜人,适应性广。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。
实施例1
(1)、将野马追30份,满山红25份,暴马子皮30份,矮地茶15份,功劳叶15份,瓜子金15份,杧果叶15份,白屈菜9份,穿山龙9份,烈香杜鹃9份,石吊兰9份,虎杖9份,侧柏叶6份,川贝母3份,马兜铃3份,平贝母3份,生姜3份,鹅不食草6份,黄荆子6份,款冬花5份,紫菀5份,白前3份,伊贝母3份,百部3份,余甘子3份,紫苏子3份,沙棘3份,牡荆叶3份,甘草1.5份,枇杷叶6份,苦杏仁4.5份,橘络3份,绞股蓝3份,洋金花0.3份及猪胆粉0.3份洗净烘干备用;
(2)、将步骤(1)制备的原料混合置于煎药器中,第一次加水,煮沸后小火熬1小时,过滤,滤渣第二次加水,煮沸后小火熬1小时,过滤,合并两次滤液,加入蒸馏水,搅拌均匀,装瓶制成喷剂。
实施例2
(1)、将野马追40份,满山红35份,暴马子皮35份,矮地茶20份,功劳叶20份,瓜子金20份,杧果叶20份,白屈菜12份,穿山龙12份,烈香杜鹃12份,石吊兰10份,虎杖10份,侧柏叶8份,川贝母5份,马兜铃5份,平贝母5份,生姜5份,鹅不食草7份,黄荆子7份,款冬花6份,紫菀6份,白前5份,伊贝母5份,百部5份,余甘子5份,紫苏子5份,沙棘5份,牡荆叶5份,甘草3份,枇杷叶7份,苦杏仁5.5份,橘络3.5份,绞股蓝3.5份,洋金花0.4份及猪胆粉0.4份洗净烘干备用;
(2)、将步骤(1)制备的原料混合置于煎药器中,第一次加水,煮沸后小火熬1小时,过滤,滤渣第二次加水,煮沸后小火熬1小时,过滤,合并两次滤液,加入蒸馏水,搅拌均匀,装瓶制成喷剂。
实施例3
(1)、将野马追45份,满山红38份,暴马子皮38份,矮地茶22份,功劳叶22份,瓜子金22份,杧果叶22份,白屈菜14份,穿山龙13份,烈香杜鹃13份,石吊兰12份,虎杖12份,侧柏叶9份,川贝母7份,马兜铃6份,平贝母6份,生姜7份,鹅不食草7份,黄荆子7份,款冬花7份,紫菀7份,白前6份,伊贝母6份,百部6份,余甘子6份,紫苏子6份,沙棘6份,牡荆叶6份,甘草5份,枇杷叶7份,苦杏仁6.5份,橘络4份,绞股蓝4份,洋金花0.4份及猪胆粉0.4份洗净烘干备用;
(2)、将步骤(1)制备的原料混合置于煎药器中,第一次加水,煮沸后小火熬1.5小时,过滤,滤渣第二次加水,煮沸后小火熬1.5小时,过滤,合并两次滤液,加入蒸馏水,搅拌均匀,装瓶制成喷剂。
实施例4
(1)、将野马追50份,满山红40份,暴马子皮40份,矮地茶25份,功劳叶25份,瓜子金25份,杧果叶25份,白屈菜16份,穿山龙14份,烈香杜鹃14份,石吊兰13份,虎杖13份,侧柏叶10份,川贝母8份,马兜铃7份,平贝母7份,生姜8份,鹅不食草8份,黄荆子8份,款冬花8份,紫菀8份,白前7份,伊贝母7份,百部7份,余甘子7份,紫苏子7份,沙棘7份,牡荆叶7份,甘草7份,枇杷叶8份,苦杏仁8份,橘络4.5份,绞股蓝4.5份,洋金花0.5份及猪胆粉0.5份洗净烘干备用;
(2)、将步骤(1)制备的原料混合置于煎药器中,第一次加水,煮沸后小火熬2小时,过滤,滤渣第二次加水,煮沸后小火熬2小时,过滤,合并两次滤液,加入蒸馏水,搅拌均匀,装瓶制成喷剂。
实施例5
(1)、将野马追60份,满山红50份,暴马子皮45份,矮地茶30份,功劳叶30份,瓜子金30份,杧果叶30份,白屈菜18份,穿山龙15份,烈香杜鹃15份,石吊兰15份,虎杖15份,侧柏叶12份,川贝母9份,马兜铃9份,平贝母9份,生姜9份,鹅不食草9份,黄荆子9份,款冬花9份,紫菀9份,白前9份,伊贝母9份,百部9份,余甘子9份,紫苏子9份,沙棘9份,牡荆叶9份,甘草9份,枇杷叶9份,苦杏仁9份,橘络5份,绞股蓝5份,洋金花0.6份及猪胆粉0.6份洗净烘干备用;
(2)、将步骤(1)制备的原料混合置于煎药器中,第一次加水,煮沸后小火熬2小时,过滤,滤渣第二次加水,煮沸后小火熬2小时,过滤,合并两次滤液,加入蒸馏水,搅拌均匀,装瓶制成喷剂。
临床资料:
本发明的止咳喷剂通过近200人的试用,其中男73人,女122人,观察期3个月,结果表明:对急慢性支气管炎、哮喘、过敏等上呼吸道感染引起的咳嗽有效率达98%,治愈后85%不再复发,取得了较好的临床效果。
典型病例:
(1)李××,男,6岁,求诊时,咳嗽气喘,肺气虚,且痰盛。使用本发明的止咳喷剂后,2小时内咳嗽缓解,24小时内咳嗽消失,三天内恢复健康。
(2)付××,女,68岁,求诊时,肺热咳嗽,有黄稠痰,尿黄尿涩,大便干燥。使用本发明的止咳喷剂后,24小时内咳嗽缓解,一周内痰症消失,排泄通畅,对治疗效果非常满意。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上,但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用,它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域,对于熟悉本领域的人员而言,可容易地实现另外的修改,因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下,本发明并不限于特定的细节。
Claims (8)
1.一种止咳喷剂,其特征在于,按重量份计,包括如下组分:野马追30~60份,满山红25~50份,暴马子皮30~45份,矮地茶15~30份,功劳叶15~30份,瓜子金15~30份,杧果叶15~30份,白屈菜9~18份,穿山龙9~15份,烈香杜鹃9~15份,石吊兰9~15份,虎杖9~15份,侧柏叶6~12份,川贝母3~9份,马兜铃3~9份,平贝母3~9份,生姜3~9份,鹅不食草6~9份,黄荆子6~9份,款冬花5~9份,紫菀5~9份,白前3~9份,伊贝母3~9份,百部3~9份,余甘子3~9份,紫苏子3~9份,沙棘3~9份,牡荆叶3~9份,甘草1.5~9份,枇杷叶6~9份,苦杏仁4.5~9份,橘络3~5份,绞股蓝3~5份,洋金花0.3~0.6份,猪胆粉0.3~0.6份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种止咳喷剂,其特征在于,按重量份计,包括如下组分:野马追40~50份,满山红35~40份,暴马子皮35~40份,矮地茶20~25份,功劳叶20~25份,瓜子金20~25份,杧果叶20~25份,白屈菜12~16份,穿山龙12~14份,烈香杜鹃12~14份,石吊兰10~13份,虎杖10~13份,侧柏叶8~10份,川贝母5~8份,马兜铃5~7份,平贝母5~7份,生姜5~8份,鹅不食草7~8份,黄荆子7~8份,款冬花6~8份,紫菀6~8份,白前5~7份,伊贝母5~7份,百部5~7份,余甘子5~7份,紫苏子5~7份,沙棘5~7份,牡荆叶5~7份,甘草3~7份,枇杷叶7~8份,苦杏仁5.5~8份,橘络3.5~4.5份,绞股蓝3.5~4.5份,洋金花0.4~0.5份,猪胆粉0.4~0.5份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种止咳喷剂,其特征在于,按重量份计,包括如下组分:野马追45份,满山红38份,暴马子皮38份,矮地茶22份,功劳叶22份,瓜子金22份,杧果叶22份,白屈菜14份,穿山龙13份,烈香杜鹃13份,石吊兰12份,虎杖12份,侧柏叶9份,川贝母7份,马兜铃6份,平贝母6份,生姜7份,鹅不食草7份,黄荆子7份,款冬花7份,紫菀7份,白前6份,伊贝母6份,百部6份,余甘子6份,紫苏子6份,沙棘6份,牡荆叶6份,甘草5份,枇杷叶7份,苦杏仁6.5份,橘络4份,绞股蓝4份,洋金花0.4份,猪胆粉0.4份。
4.一种权利要求1~3任一项所述治止咳喷剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)、将野马追、满山红、暴马子皮、矮地茶、功劳叶、瓜子金、杧果叶、白屈菜、穿山龙、烈香杜鹃、石吊兰、虎杖、侧柏叶、川贝母、马兜铃、平贝母、生姜、鹅不食草、黄荆子、款冬花、紫菀、白前、伊贝母、百部、余甘子、紫苏子、沙棘、牡荆叶、甘草、枇杷叶、苦杏仁、橘络、绞股蓝、洋金花及猪胆粉洗净烘干备用;
(2)、将步骤(1)制备的原料混合置于煎药器中,第一次加水,煮沸后小火熬1~2小时,过滤,滤渣第二次加水,煮沸后小火熬1~2小时,过滤,合并两次滤液,加入蒸馏水,搅拌均匀,装瓶制成喷剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种止咳喷剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)的烘干温度为40~60℃,烘干时间为12~24小时。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种止咳喷剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中烘干温度为50℃,烘干时间为16小时。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种止咳喷剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中第一次加水和第二次加水的量均以浸没原料为准。
8.根据权利要求4所述的一种止咳喷剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中加入的蒸馏水与滤液的体积比为5~6:1。
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