CN104255346A - Method for biologically controlling tea geometrid in tea garden through tea geometrid nuclear polyhedrosis viruses - Google Patents
Method for biologically controlling tea geometrid in tea garden through tea geometrid nuclear polyhedrosis viruses Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for biologically controlling tea geometrid in a tea garden through tea geometrid nuclear polyhedrosis viruses. The method comprises the following steps that (1) tea geometrid nuclear polyhedrosis virus liquid with the concentration of 1*106P1B/ML is sprayed on tea tree clump faces with second-generation tea geometrid growing in the tea garden at four to six p.m. on sunny days; (2) on the fifteenth day of spraying the tea geometrid nuclear polyhedrosis virus liquid, dead tea geometrid begins to be collected, and the dead tea geometrid is fast stored in a dedicated refrigeration house with the temperature below -6 DEG C after being recorded; (3) before emergence of third-generation tea geometrid pupas, intertillage is carried out in the tea garden once, and the pupas are turned over to the soil surface and are exposed to the burning sun to be exposed to death or pecked by natural enemies. The method is used for controlling the tea geometrid in the tea garden, the tea geometrid is effectively controlled, benign development of the ecology of the tea garden is achieved, the dead tea geometrid recycled from the tea garden is utilized for providing the virus source needed in control of the tea garden again, and the good ecological benefits, social benefits and economical benefits are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the biological control method of a kind of tea district primary pest-tea geometrid, specifically utilize the method for tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses biological control tea place tea geometrid.
Background technology
Tea geometrid is one of main To Leaf-feeding Insects of China tea tree, within 1 year, 6-7 generation occurs, and has fulminant.Occur heavier in the tea district (Di Qiucha district) of height above sea level less than 500 meters, China has 100-300 ten thousand mu of tea places to be injured every year, and serious have 300,000 mu in baldness.Tea place is once be endangered by tea geometrid, and by larva food to the greatest extent, tea tree becomes bald dry to the tender stem of Lao Ye of tea tree, not only has a strong impact on tea yield and quality then, and tea tree 2-3 is difficult to recover tree vigo(u)r, and tea place, especially low mound is more vulnerable to harm.Have nothing in common with each other for this control of insect measure both at home and abroad at present, minority uses biopesticide as controls such as bacillus thuringiensis,Bt, white muscardine fungi and plant source pesticide rotenones, but these agricultural chemicals lasting periods are short, can not long-term control tea plant pest; Great majority are based on chemical pesticide control, and the use severe contamination of chemical pesticide environment, makes that tealeaves agriculture is residual to exceed standard, and destroys ecology, tea place beneficial organism population is fallen sharply, causes the vicious circle using the more damage by disease and insect of chemical pesticide more rampant.Although above biopesticide solves the residual problem exceeded standard of tealeaves agriculture, due to the limitation of itself, promote slower at tea place pest control.Therefore, tea place medication should be selected safe and effective, the biopesticide of nonpollution environment, protects tea place beneficial organism population again, maintains the tea place ecological balance.Tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses EcobNPV is the virus for tea geometrid particular target, from the end of the eighties, test is used for the control of tea geometrid, there is safety, holding effect, economy, environmental protection, do not injure the features such as tea place beneficial organism population, and the tealeaves produced not only residual can not the exceeding standard of agriculture can also reach organic tea standard.The virus liquid concentration of general tea place dispensary is 5 × 10 at present
6p1B/ML, prevent and treat generation many in 1,2 generations and 6,7 generations, although effective, but spraying medicine concentration is high, control number of times is too much, waste valuable Virus Resource Virus Resource and a large amount of manpower and materials. how selecting the best generation of control and most economical effective virus liquid concentration, is the problem that Tea Production enterprise needs to solve; Simultaneously because insect viruses are different from the microorganism such as fungi, bacterium, fungi, bacterial micro-organism can carry out suitability for industrialized production, and insect viruses can only breed in parasitic active somatic cell.Can while control, how to solve the problem of virus multiplication, be continue tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses to be used for tea place large area control and the key issue promoted; The current domestic and foreign literature of solution of these problems all has no report.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly provide a kind of method utilizing tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses biological control tea place tea geometrid to solve the problem.The method not only spraying medicine concentration is low, and can reclaim virus to greatest extent from the tea place after dispenser, solves and tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses is used for the viral source of tea place large area control also needed for popularization.Use the method control tea place tea geometrid, not only tea geometrid obtains effective control, tea place eco-benign development, and because the worm corpse reclaimed from tea place again provides the virus poison source that tea place dispensary needs, reach good economic benefit, also ensure that the effective ways utilizing tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses energy long-term control tea place tea geometrid.
The method utilizing tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses biological control tea place tea geometrid of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1) spray medicine
Be 1 × 10 by concentration
6the tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses liquid of P1B/ML is evenly sprayed on fluffy of the tea tree of tea place second generation tea geometrid growth in fine day 4-6 in afternoon point, uses amount of liquid medicine 30Kg for every mu;
In order to avoid the irradiation of rain-out and intense UV rays, must be better at fine day 4-6 in afternoon point pesticide supplying effect.The first generation generally occurs in annual early and middle ten days in April, and due to through very long winter, tea geometrid is non-amount reproduction also, and insect population is less, single from control efficiency Yan Yike, but does not reach the object that propagation reclaims virus.The second generation generally occurs in annual the middle ten days and the last ten days in May, now tea geometrid amount reproduction, and insect density is large, and this time period dispenser is not only effective, and can reclaim more virus.The present invention selects concentration to be 1 × 10
6the tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses liquid of P1B/ML sprays, and has both saved valuable Virus Resource Virus Resource, the control efficiency reached again, is best selection.
(2) collect worm corpse
Within 15th day, start to collect worm corpse after above-mentioned tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses liquid spraying, after performing record, deposit in the special freezer at depositing in rapidly-6 DEG C, as the virus poison source of tea place control;
Spray virus liquid after 15 days tea geometrid just start death, timely establishment officer at tea place collection worm corpse, in order to the use of follow-up control.This is the key that the inventive method can continue spread use.
(3) sweep residual
Before third generation tea geometrid pupa worm sprouts wings, tea place is once intertilled, pupa is turned over to soil table, and the lethal or natural enemy of being exposed to the sun under being exposed to burning sun is pecked at;
Because after spraying virus liquid, there is part tea geometrid individuality strong, susceptible comparatively light, can also multiply, continue to work the mischief to tea place.Therefore, according to the characteristic that tea geometrid pupates under Rhizosphere Soils in Tea Garden soil layer, before it is sprouted wings, the intertillage of one to secondary is carried out to tea place, pupa is turned over to soil table, and be exposed to burning sun be exposed to the sun lethal or natural enemy is pecked at, parasitic and infect, make its mortality, greatly improved and consolidated the control efficiency of EcobNPV.So this step is extremely important and necessary.
(4) lasting effects
Tea place, low mound repeat every year step (1)-(3) once, every 2 years of Mountainous Tea Garden or within 3 years, repeat step (1)-(3) once.
Collected worm corpse generally will be reprocessed into viral dilution liquid in first 10 days in control, will purify through differential centrifugation by the preparation of described virus liquid on the basis of prediction, for subsequent use after the numeration of blood cell plate, use and be diluted with water to desired concn again.Centrifugal purification step is as follows: collected viral worm corpse be placed on smash to pieces in container after add the water of 1-2 times amount, by 3-4 layer filtered through gauze, so repeatedly merge the centrifugal purification of filtered fluid after 2-3 time; Start within centrifugal 5 minutes, to remove sediment (fungi, bacterium, foreign material remove) with 500 revs/min, then within centrifugal 35 minutes, remove supernatant (parvovirus etc.) with 3500 revs/min.Sediment fraction adds 1-2 times of water, then repeats twice centrifugation step; After 3-4 round, collecting precipitation is also for subsequent use with blood cell plate counting so repeatedly.
The working concentration of best virus liquid and the determination of best dispenser generation in technical solution of the present invention, drawn by following test procedure, its concrete test method is as follows:
Test site: tea place after the blue or green Shen Shuxia tea place, lion mountain of Xishui County, Hubei Province Dong He tealeaves Specialty Co-operative Organization, stone Pan Zui tea place, Duan Jia chew tea place, the thin pool of section (under compile in this order be 1,2,3, No. 4 tea place)
Test method: each per generation establishes 1 × 10
6p1B/ML, 3 × 10
6p1B/ML, 5 × 10
6p1B/ML tri-concentration; The area of each concentration process test is 0.6 mu of tea place, often clicks the fixed point investigation 1 square metre of representative tea place, and by clear for insect population number that is fluffy for the tea of 1 square metre and both sides, age-group is recorded.
One, first generation test situation in 2011
Result of the test and analysis
Within 2011, first generation controlling experiment carried out (see table 1), as can be seen from following table in No. 1 tea place April 8: 1 × 10
6the contemporary preventive effect of P1B/ML only 64%, but this concentration is when 7 generation, and preventive effect is than 5 × 10 of high concentration
6p1B/ML is high by 12.3%; 1 × 10
6p1B/ML, 3 × 10
6p1B/ML, 5 × 10
6the worm corpse number of P1B/ML and virus quantity (see table 2), the virus quantity of least concentration is 2. 52 times of maximum concentration.
Table 1 first generation different virus concentration test of pesticide effectiveness
Place: No. 1 tea place date: on April 8th, 2011
Table 2 receives malicious head number and virus quantity
Note: 1 × 10
6the worm corpse 14.7 of PIB/ML is 1 gram, 3 × 10
6the worm corpse 35 of PIB/ML is 1 gram, 5 × 10
6the worm corpse 63 of PIB/ML is 1 gram.
Two, second generation test situation in 2011
Within 2011, second generation controlling experiment carried out (see table 3), as can be seen from following table May 15 in No. 2 tea places: the insect population of the second generation obviously more than the first generation, 1 × 10 of least concentration
6the preventive effect of P1B/ML rises 6.4%, and other two concentration have dropped 4.3%, 4.5% respectively, and total preventive effect trend is identical with a generation; Two generations 1 × 10
6p1B/ML, 3 × 10
6p1B/ML, 5 × 10
6the worm corpse number of P1B/ML and virus quantity (see table 4); The virus quantity of least concentration is 2.21 times of maximum concentration.
Table 3 second generation different virus concentration test of pesticide effectiveness
Place: No. 2 tea place dates: on May 15th, 2011
Table 4 receives malicious head number and virus quantity
Note: 1 × 10
6the worm corpse 14.6 of PIB/ML is 1 gram, 3 × 10
6the worm corpse 28 of PIB/ML is 1 gram, 5 × 10
6the worm corpse 49 of PIB/ML is 1 gram.
Three, first generation test situation in 2012
First generation control in 2012 is carried out (see table 5), as can be seen from following table in No. 3 tea places on April 13: due to prevention and cure of viruses for many years, natural enemy quantity is many, and parasitic rate is high, and therefore, within 2012, first generation insect population is less, and the preventive effect of corresponding each concentration is also lower; 1 × 10 of this generation
6p1B/ML, 3 × 10
6p1B/ML, 5 × 10
6the worm corpse number of P1B/ML and virus quantity (see table 6); The virus quantity of least concentration is 2.25 times of maximum concentration.
Table 5 first generation different virus concentration test of pesticide effectiveness
Place: No. 3 tea place dates: on April 13rd, 2012
Table 6 receives malicious head number and virus quantity
Note: 1 × 10
6the worm corpse 14.7 of PIB/ML is 1 gram, 3 × 10
6the worm corpse 35 of PIB/ML is 1 gram, 5 × 10
6the worm corpse 63 of PIB/ML is 1 gram.
Four, second generation test situation in 2012
Within 2012, second generation controlling experiment carried out (see table 7), as can be seen from following table in No. 4 tea places May 18: consistent with the preventive effect situation of the second generation in 2011; 1 × 10 of this generation
6p1B/ML, 3 × 10
6p1B/ML, 5 × 10
6the worm corpse number of P1B/ML and virus quantity (see table 8), the virus quantity of least concentration is 2.76 times of maximum concentration.
Table 7 second generation different virus concentration test of pesticide effectiveness
Place: No. 4 tea place dates: on May 18th, 2012
Table 8 receives malicious head number and virus quantity
Note: 1 × 10
6the worm corpse 14.6 of PIB/ML is 1 gram, 3 × 10
6the worm corpse 28 of PIB/ML is 1 gram, 5 × 10
6the worm corpse 49 of PIB/ML is 1 gram.
Five, conclusion
The successful of the second generation higher than the first generation, and between the recovery virus quantity of each concentration is 4.27 times to 6.04 times of the first generation.The virus quantity of least concentration 1 × 106P1B/ML is 2.25 to 2.76 times of 5 × 106P1B/ML.
In sum, the experiment results proved tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses tea place control tea geometrid second generation is that annual the best prevents and treats generation, and 1 × 106P1B/ML is minimum effective working concentration, the preventive effect reached and cultivation effect best.Although first generation control efficiency is good, through very long winter, worm amount is few, does not reach the object that propagation reclaims virus.The first generation is again on the occasion of the peak period that spring tea produces simultaneously, use the tea place after virus to endanger significantly in addition, cause economic loss, necessary mixture biopesticide during control, simple prevention and cure of viruses, tea grower not easily accepts, and second generation control is summer tea production season, economic loss is little, so from economic benefit then, the second generation is also good than the first generation.Three, in the 4th, the 5th generation, should not adopt prevention and cure of viruses because temperature is high, 6th generation, the 7th generation (time that this generation has does not occur) mercury dropped, insect density is little, and this plant protection year substantially can not produce popular chain in secondary generation after using virus, does not thus also reach the object that propagation reclaims virus.Prove that the successful of the second generation is higher than the first generation according to result of study, and between the recovery virus quantity of each concentration is 4.27 to 6.04 times of the first generation.
Tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses will reach can effectively anti-smelting tea geometrid, maximized propagation virus can be reclaimed again in tea place, we are through overtesting, filter out minimal effective concentration: 1 × 106PIB/ML (conventional usage amount is 5 × 106PIB/ML) this concentration can save virus quantity, maximized propagation can reclaim virus again, ensure for the large scale application of EcobNpv virus provides malicious source.Virus can also be made to produce popular chain in tea place, the large generation of long-term control tea geometrid.Can find out according to result of study, the virus quantity of the minimum dense end 1 × 106PIB/ML is 2.25 times of 5 × 106PIB/ML to 2.76 times.
Six, economy and zoology performance analysis
Economic benefit: because the ecological balance has been recovered in tea place, Natural Enemies of Insects rises several times, assists virus control tea plant pest conversely, disease worm is endangered and greatly reduces; Therefore save and prevent and treat expense, annual 120 yuan/mu, calculate annual investment reduction 120,000 yuan by control 1000 mu; Can 25% be increased production every year, increase income 3,0%(,150 ten thousand yuan).
Social benefit: the use of the inventive method, makes tea quality improve further, has ensured that consumers in general's is healthy.After the inventive method large scale application, tea geometrid obtains effective control, for the production of high-quality tealeaves creates condition.Use prevention and cure of viruses insect, not only contemporary effect is better, also can long-term control insect by viral prevalence, and generally can reach more than 3 years, therefore integrated cost is all lower than chemical pesticide.Tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses is that resource has not only been saved in main biological control, the cost reduced, the Ministry of Agriculture and quality testing department are inspected by random samples or censorship at every turn, the tealeaves produced 13 residual indexs of agriculture all do not detect, and reach the pollution-free food even standard of organic tea completely, simultaneously environmentally friendly, do not injure natural enemy, duration is long, and tea place beneficial organism population increases greatly, and the ecological balance has been recovered in Ben She tea place completely.Virus simultaneously can also meet the needs in periphery tea place.This society significantly increases production good harvest after using the control of tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses liquid for successive years, and tea place anti-disaster ability strengthens, and can also produce 20-30 pound/acre of winter tea every year, this can not accomplish in the tea place, particularly tea areas in Jiangbei that ecology is bad.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) spray medicine
Be 1 × 10 by the concentration prepared
6the tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses liquid of P1B/ML in afternoon on May 17th, 2013 4-6 point be evenly sprayed on fluffy of the tea tree of blue or green Shen Shuxia tea place, lion mountain (No. 1 tea place) second generation tea geometrid growth of Xishui County, Hubei Province Dong He tealeaves Specialty Co-operative Organization, use amount of liquid medicine 30Kg for every mu; The virus liquid used derives from the worm corpse that the control of 2011-2012 tea place is reclaimed, concrete processing method is: on the sick insect pest situation report of the tea geometrid of prediction and weather condition basis, collected worm corpse was reprocessed into viral dilution liquid in first 10 days in control, to purify through differential centrifugation, blood cell plate numeration after for subsequent use, use and be diluted with water to desired concn again.Centrifugal purification step is as follows: collected viral worm corpse be placed on smash to pieces in container after add the water of 1-2 times amount, by 3-4 layer filtered through gauze, so repeatedly merge the centrifugal purification of filtered fluid after 2-3 time; Start within centrifugal 5 minutes, to remove sediment (fungi, bacterium, foreign material remove) with 500 revs/min, then within centrifugal 35 minutes, remove supernatant (parvovirus etc.) with 3500 revs/min.Sediment fraction adds 1-2 times of water, then repeats twice centrifugation step; After 3-4 round, collecting precipitation is also for subsequent use with blood cell plate counting so repeatedly.
(2) collect worm corpse
Within 15th day, start to collect worm corpse after above-mentioned tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses liquid spraying, after performing record, deposit in the special freezer at depositing in rapidly-6 DEG C, as the virus poison source of succeeding year and the control of other tea place.
(3) sweep residual
Before third generation tea geometrid pupa worm sprouts wings, be i.e. on June 5th, 2013, tea place once intertilled, pupa is turned over to soil table, and the lethal or natural enemy of being exposed to the sun under being exposed to burning sun and natural enemy is pecked at.
Tea place, low mound (height above sea level less than 500 meters) repeat every year step (1)-(3) once, Mountainous Tea Garden within every 2 years or 3 years, repeat step (1)-(3) once.
" Dong river fried green " that the Xishui Dong He tealeaves Specialty Co-operative Organization at the present inventor place produces by above-described embodiment 1 scheme is through Ministry of Agriculture's food quality supervision verification test center (Wuhan), agricultural product quality and safety sensing chamber of Tea Inst., Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences detect examine project (residual 13 of nuisanceless standard agriculture, heavy metal, residual 7 of nuisanceless standard agriculture) all meet NY/T288-2002, GB5009.12-2010, GB/T5009.146-2008, GB/T5009.20-2003 quality requirement." Dong river fried green " is also due to continuous three " the state's drink cup " first prizes won Chinese tea association and promulgate of its excellent quality.
Claims (2)
1. utilize the method for tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses biological control tea place tea geometrid, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) spray medicine
Be 1 × 10 by concentration
6the tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses liquid of P1B/ML is evenly sprayed on fluffy of the tea tree of tea place second generation tea geometrid growth in fine day 4-6 in afternoon point, uses amount of liquid medicine 30Kg for every mu;
(2) collect worm corpse
Within 15th day, start to collect worm corpse after above-mentioned tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses liquid spraying, after performing record, deposit in the special freezer at depositing in rapidly-6 DEG C, as the virus poison source of tea place control;
(3) sweep residual
Before third generation tea geometrid pupa worm sprouts wings, tea place is once intertilled, pupa is turned over to soil table, and the lethal or natural enemy of being exposed to the sun under being exposed to burning sun is pecked at;
(4) lasting effects
Tea place, low mound repeat every year step (1)-(3) once, every 2 years of Mountainous Tea Garden or within 3 years, repeat step (1)-(3) once.
2. the method utilizing tea-geometrid-type polyhedrosis viruses biological control tea place tea geometrid according to claim 1, is characterized in that; The preparation method of described virus liquid be collected viral worm corpse be placed on smash to pieces in container after add 1-2 water doubly, by 3-4 layer filtered through gauze, the centrifugal purification of merging filtered fluid after 2-3 time so repeatedly; First within centrifugal 5 minutes, comprise the sediment of fungi, bacterium, foreign material with 500 revs/min with removal, then within centrifugal 35 minutes, remove supernatant with 3500 revs/min; Sediment fraction adds 1-2 times of water, more centrifugal; After 3-4 round, collecting precipitation is also for subsequent use with blood cell plate counting so repeatedly.
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| CN109964928A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-05 | 广州市生物防治站 | A kind of prodenia litura nuclear polyhedrosis virus wp formula and its transmission method |
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| CN104770251A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-07-15 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | Method for preventing and controlling tea garden tea geometrid by artemisia argyi essential oil |
| CN109964928A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-05 | 广州市生物防治站 | A kind of prodenia litura nuclear polyhedrosis virus wp formula and its transmission method |
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