CN104252141B - A kind of method for controlling coke oven coal leveling bar to retract - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of method for controlling coke oven coal leveling bar to retract, part included in the control method is by single-chip microcomputer, digital simulation amount modular converter, ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit circuit, ultrasonic wave receiving circuit, SCR rectification circuit forms, wherein single-chip microcomputer forms clock-pulse circuit, certain frequency is formed to send by ultrasonic transmission device, the signal received simultaneously to ultrasonic wave receiving device is handled, form the time difference, utilize the speed of ultrasonic propagation, clear out ultrasonic wave dispensing device and to the distance between leveling bar device, then distance is passed through digital simulation amount modular converter, it is converted into analog signalses, the analog signalses control the angle of flow of controllable silicon, so as to change the voltage of eddy-current brake, realize the deceleration to leveling bar.The method of the present invention realizes that the brake force of eddy-current brake is increasingly nearer from security bit with distance and brake force is increasing, ensures the safety of leveling bar system, Quick-return in place.

Description

A kind of method for controlling coke oven coal leveling bar to retract

Technical field

The present invention relates to Electrical Control Technology, is a kind of control method for retracting safely and designing for coke oven coal leveling bar, Belong to automation field.

Background technology

In coke oven production technology, the flat coal technique of pusher machine is an important process step, in current control mode In, alternating current machine-cut rheostatic speed regulation is all used substantially, when carrying out flat coal operation, according to first slow rear fast form, cuts into difference Resistance value, carry out flat coal operation, but in fallback procedures, generally for the activity duration is reduced, generally use retracts at a high speed, To co-current swirl brake is used during certain position, finally stop at rear spacing.Control this fallback procedures, base This is controlled using master controller, and this control mode is simple, generally for reduction master controller by locomotive vibration Influence, all using chain transmission mode, but can often occur master controller and travelling gear engagement it is out of control, cause flat coal The safety block device that bar limits after directly hitting at a high speed, produces serious destruction, and also a kind of mode is detected using photoelectric encoder The stroke that leveling bar retreats, when reaching certain stroke, is slowed down.But vibrations cause the fault rate of photoelectric encoder very Height, it is also very high that fault rate out of control and impacting safety block device occurs for caused leveling bar.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to：Invent a kind of method for controlling leveling bar to retreat, so as to realize leveling bar retreat it is continuous, Quickly, safe purpose.

The technical scheme that the present invention designs be exactly using a kind of ultrasonic unit, detection leveling bar from limited after safety away from From, and analog output processing is carried out to actual range, the angle of flow of controllable silicon is controlled, controlled vortex flow brake is to leveling bar Braking effect, stable parking.

The operation principle of leveling bar is analyzed, coke oven technique is that coal is carried out at the top of body of heater, inside that each coking furnace shaft The phenomenon of heap point one by one just occurs in the lower section of stoke hole, in order to ensure the quality of destructive distillation, it is necessary to heap point is bulldozed, institute It is exactly to be stretched into from the small fire door in side with the effect of the leveling bar on pusher machine, carries out the heap point of the flat coal of bar.The control of leveling bar at present Technique processed is to draw a steel wire rope by motor, the action process for driving leveling bar to be advanced, retreated, has been acted at these Cheng Hou, leveling bar are quickly returning to holding state, at this moment carry out pushing coke operation again, and only the two actions are fully completed, and locomotive is The operation of next firehole is carried out, in order to ensure the activity duration, the leveling bar that length is 15 meters or so is peaceful close to before body of heater After coal terminates, leveling bar is all quickly to run, and ensures the production time.

To achieve these goals, technical scheme is as follows, by single-chip microcomputer, digital simulation amount modular converter, surpasses Sonic wave transmitting circuit circuit, ultrasonic wave receiving circuit, SCR rectification circuit composition.Single-chip microcomputer is the core processing of the system Device, the processor will form clock-pulse circuit, form certain frequency and sent by ultrasonic echography wave transmitting circuit, The signal received simultaneously to ultrasonic wave receiving circuit is handled, and forms the time difference, utilizes the speed of ultrasonic propagation, clearing Go out ultrasonic wave dispensing device and to the distance between leveling bar device, then distance is turned by digital simulation amount modular converter Change analog signalses into, the analog signalses control the angle of flow of controllable silicon, so as to change the voltage of eddy-current brake, realization pair The moderating process of leveling bar.

As a modification of the present invention, the single-chip microcomputer is arranged to AT89S51, outside the XTAL1 and XTAL2 of processor What is connect is 12 MHz quartz crystal oscillator, forms the pulse using 11 μ s as the cycle, the μ s of T=12/fosc=1;The work side of single-chip microcomputer Formula is self-oscillatory mode, and single-chip microcomputer internal oscillator is vibrated according to the frequency of external quartz crystal oscillator, is produced Clock signal；System PLC backing signals are introduced in AT89S51 single-chip microcomputer RST input ports simultaneously, AT89S51 is mono- as carrying out Piece machine counter and the condition of special function register work, i.e., when system PLC control leveling bars retreat, cause RST is low electricity Flat, such counter and special function register just carry out function computing；Design 74LS04 chips and export square wave as single-chip microcomputer Pulse signal is amplified, and driving ultrasonic probe launches ultrasonic wave, and design CX20106A chip circuits are to ultrasonic wave Signal is amplified, amplitude limit, bandpass filtering, peak detection, shaping, comparing function, it is completeer after ultrasonic wave receiving circuit it is defeated Go out a low level goes request to interrupt to single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer stops timing at once, obtains a time interval：T=N × T=N ×0.000001（s）, N is 1 μ s pulse number, and starts to carry out the processing of data, and speed is propagated in atmosphere by ultrasonic wave 340 m/s are spent, draw leveling bar from being with a distance from back seat：S=340×t/2=170×t ；Design HR-SR04 ultrasonic wave integration modules For ultrasonic wave transmission signal amplifying circuit and reception signal amplifying circuit, the module triggers ranging, ultrasonic wave hair using I/O Transmit-receive radio road is at least 10 us high level signal；Ultrasonic wave receiving circuit can automatic detection whether have signal return, if inspection Measuring not has signal to return then exports high level by I/O mouths, and duration of high level, which is exactly ultrasonic wave, to be returned from being transmitted into The time used is returned, when ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit control mouth sends 10 more than us high level, then single-chip microcomputer turns on Timer timing, the signal that single-chip microcomputer is inputted when receiving port receives ultrasonic return signal are changed into low electricity, now monolithic Machine can read the value of timer, be just now the time of this ranging, it becomes possible to calculate distance；Single-chip microcomputer is carried out to the distance value Binary system compiles, and inputs digital-to-analogue conversion module DAC0832 by output port, real by digital-to-analogue conversion module Existing 4-20mA output, realizes leveling bar from the output that analog quantity is changed into a distance from safe back seat, finally by the output Analog quantity goes to control the controllable silicon V angles of flow.

The method of the present invention is exactly that the displacement of leveling bar is detected using ultrasonic wave, while enters line number using the distance of displacement Word is converted into analog quantity, so as to the thyristor operating angle of controlled vortex flow brake, realizes the brake force of eddy-current brake with distance It is increasingly nearer from security bit and brake force is increasing, ensure the safety of leveling bar system, Quick-return in place.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1, the electronic schematic diagram using the control leveling bar detection of chip microcontroller ultrasonic wave and control；

AT89S51 is single-chip microcomputer in figure；XTAL1 and XTAL2 is the input of the inverting amplifier in single-chip microcomputer, output End；RST is the reset terminal of single-chip microcomputer, and the design is the control of PLC output signals；DAC0832 is digital-to-analogue conversion module；HR- SR04 ultrasonic wave integration modules；74LS04 is that ultrasonic wave sends signal amplification circuit；CX20106A is reception signal amplifying circuit； V is controllable silicon.

Embodiment

In order to deepen the understanding and cognition of the present invention, the present invention is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description in detail Explanation and introduction.

Design AT89S51 monolithic microcomputer kernel processors, the XTAL1 and XTAL2 of processor it is external be 12 MHz stone English crystal oscillator, thus forms the pulse using 11 μ s as the cycle, the μ s of T=12/fosc=1;The working method that single-chip microcomputer uses is certainly The mode of Induced Oscillation, such single-chip microcomputer internal oscillator are vibrated according to the frequency of external quartz crystal oscillator, during generation Clock signal.System PLC backing signals are introduced in AT89S51 single-chip microcomputer RST input ports simultaneously, as progress AT89S51 monolithics Machine counter and the condition of special function register work, i.e., when system PLC control leveling bars retreat, cause RST is low level, So counter and special function register just carry out function computing.Design 74LS04 chips and export square-wave pulse as single-chip microcomputer Signal is amplified, and driving ultrasonic probe launches ultrasonic wave, and design CX20106A chip circuits are to ultrasonic signal Be amplified, amplitude limit, bandpass filtering, peak detection, shaping, the function such as compare, it is completeer after the output of ultrasonic wave receiving circuit One low level goes request to interrupt to single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer stops timing at once, obtains a time interval：T=N × T=N × 0.000001（s）, N is 1 μ s pulse number, and starts to carry out the processing of data, by ultrasonic wave spread speed in atmosphere 340 m/s, draw leveling bar from being with a distance from back seat：S=340×t/2=170×t .Designing HR-SR04 ultrasonic wave integration modules is Ultrasonic wave transmission signal amplifying circuit and reception signal amplifying circuit, the module trigger ranging, ultrasonic wave transmitting using I/O Circuit is at least 10 us high level signal.Ultrasonic wave receiving circuit can automatic detection whether have signal return, if detection High level is then exported by I/O mouths to not there is signal to return, duration of high level, which is exactly ultrasonic wave, to be returned from being transmitted into Time used, when ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit control mouth sends 10 more than us high level, then single-chip microcomputer turns on fixed When device timing, the signal that single-chip microcomputer is inputted when receiving port receives ultrasonic return signal is changed into low electricity, now single-chip microcomputer The value of timer can be read, is just now the time of this ranging, it becomes possible to calculate distance.So continuous cycle period is surveyed, Can measurement distance value during ceaselessly moving.Single-chip microcomputer carries out binary system compiling to the distance value, and passes through Output port inputs digital-to-analogue conversion module DAC0832, by digital-to-analogue conversion module, realizes 4-20mA output, this Sample is achieved that leveling bar from the output for changing into analog quantity with a distance from safe back seat, goes to control finally by the output analog quantity The controllable silicon V angles of flow, the control voltage of such eddy-current brake change, and its braking effect just changes, from back seat away from From nearer, then braking moment is bigger.

If this control is put into system PLC, i.e., output analog quantity is sent into system PLC by ultrasonic wave controller, is being Computing is carried out in system PLC, then more preferable to the control effect of eddy-current brake, control method is more flexible.

It should be noted that above-described embodiment is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not used for limiting the present invention's Protection domain, on the basis of the above made equivalent substitution or replacement belong to protection scope of the present invention, it is of the invention Protection domain is defined by claims.

Claims (1)

1. A kind of 1. method for controlling coke oven coal leveling bar to retract, it is characterised in that the part included in the control method is by list Piece machine, digital simulation amount modular converter, ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit, ultrasonic wave receiving circuit, SCR rectification circuit composition, wherein Single-chip microcomputer is the core processor of whole system, and the processor forms clock-pulse circuit, forms certain frequency and pass through ultrasound Wave transmitting circuit is sent, while the signal received to ultrasonic wave receiving circuit is handled, and forms the time difference, using super The speed of Acoustic Wave Propagation, clear out ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit and to the distance between leveling bar device, distance is then passed through number Type matrix analog quantity modular converter, is converted into analog signalses, and the analog signalses control the angle of flow of controllable silicon, so as to change vortex The voltage of brake, realize the deceleration to leveling bar, the single-chip microcomputer is arranged to AT89S51, processor XTAL1 and XTAL2 it is external be 12 MHz quartz crystal oscillator, form the pulse using 11 μ s as the cycle, the μ s of T=12/fosc=1;Single-chip microcomputer Working method is self-oscillatory mode, and single-chip microcomputer internal oscillator is vibrated according to the frequency of external quartz crystal oscillator, production Generating clock signal；System PLC backing signals are introduced in AT89S51 single-chip microcomputer RST input ports simultaneously, as progress AT89S51 Monolithic counter and the condition of special function register work, i.e., when system PLC control leveling bars retreat, it is low to cause RST Level, such counter and special function register just carry out function computing；74LS04 chips output square-wave pulse signal is entered Row amplification, driving ultrasonic probe launch ultrasonic wave, and design CX20106A chip circuits are put to ultrasonic signal Greatly, amplitude limit, bandpass filtering, peak detection, shaping, comparing function, completeer ultrasonic wave receiving circuit afterwards export a low electricity Putting down to single-chip microcomputer goes request to interrupt, and single-chip microcomputer stops timing at once, obtains a time interval：T=N × T=N × 0.000001 （s）, N is 1 μ s pulse number, and starts to carry out the processing of data, by the ultrasonic wave m/s of spread speed 340 in atmosphere, Draw leveling bar from being with a distance from back seat：S=340×t/2=170×t ；It is ultrasonic wave to design HR-SR04 ultrasonic waves integration module Transmission signal amplifying circuit and reception signal amplifying circuit, the module trigger ranging using I/O, and ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit is given At least 10 us high level signal；Ultrasonic wave receiving circuit can automatic detection whether have signal return, if detecting does not have Signal returns then exports high level by I/O mouths, duration of high level be exactly ultrasonic wave from be transmitted into return to used when Between, when ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit control mouth sends 10 more than us high level, then single-chip microcomputer turns on timer meter When, the signal that single-chip microcomputer is inputted when receiving port receives ultrasonic return signal is changed into low level, and now single-chip microcomputer can be with The value of timer is read, is just now the time of this ranging, it becomes possible to calculate distance；Single-chip microcomputer carries out binary system to the distance value Compiling, and digital-to-analogue conversion module DAC0832 is inputted by output port, by digital-to-analogue conversion module, realize 4- 20mA output, leveling bar is realized from the output that analog quantity is changed into a distance from safe back seat, is simulated finally by the output Amount goes to control the controllable silicon V angles of flow.