CN104251484B - Sludge methane generating set-steam boiler energy efficient compensates and utilizes integral system - Google Patents
Sludge methane generating set-steam boiler energy efficient compensates and utilizes integral system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of sludge methane generator-steam boiler energy efficient compensation and utilize integral system, the main implementation procedure of this technology: Biogas Generator Set generates electricity after receiving anaerobic sludge digestion biogas and produces waste heat, wherein fume afterheat directly enters the 3rd backhaul smoke pipe towards steam boiler front smoke box, circulating cooling water afterheat is exerted oneself and the supplementary source of blowdown as steam boiler through heat-exchanging water heat exchange rear section, and two parts waste heat is together with methane boiler body calory burning together high-temperature vapor needed for stable supply sludge hydrolytic.The present invention's not only applied range, flexible operation, safe and reliable, and low energy consumption high production, the internal system utilization rate of biogas energy reaches more than 70% (being converted into steam and electricity), biogas energy comprehensive utilization ratio more than 90%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sewage treatment plant energy conservation and resource comprehensive utilization technology, particularly a kind of sludge methane generating set-steam boiler energy efficient compensates and utilizes integral system, is the important step of city sewage sludge reclamation treatment and utilization.
Background technology
In numerous specific resistance to filtration methods, anaerobic digestion becomes the processing method of the sludge stabilizing resource be most widely used in the world at present owing to possessing the beneficial effect that reclaims potential energy and reduce environmental hazard.By anaerobic digestion, can greatly reduce the content of organic matter in mud, make sludge stabilization, be easy to dehydration, and be used for soil improvement, afforestation as fertilizer; Meanwhile, the biogas of generation can be widely used in occupying domestic gas, generates electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems after purifying, automobile-used gas etc., reduces the consumption of the limited resources such as coal, oil, natural gas day by day in short supply, and this has prior meaning for such energy consumption big country of China.
China's anaerobic sludge digestion technology starts to walk comparatively early, but technology application development is comparatively slow, and gap is larger compared with developed countries.The sewage treatment plant's quantity setting up sludge anaerobic digestion system is at present also few, only in about 50 big-and-middle-sized sewage treatment plants in the cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chongqing, Qingdao, Shijiazhuang, Zhengzhou, Shenyang, Nanjing, Jinan, Xiangyang, build a collection of anaerobic sludge digestion facility, still spendable at present only have more than 20 to locate, and stops transport in other most of off-duty or midway.Trace it to its cause, mainly contain following some: 1) compared with abroad, due to China's municipal sludge content of organic matter general lower (30% ~ 50%), factor of created gase is low, and economic benefit is not obvious; 2) anaerobic sludge digestion treatment system investment very high (import), accounts for 1/3 ~ 1/2 of Sewage Plant gross investment usually in China; 3) anaerobic sludge digestion complex operation, operational management difficulty is large; 4) digested sludge land use strategies and management support degree deficiency, biogas utilization lack incentive mechanism.
At present, what domestic operational effect was comparatively outstanding has Shanghai White dragon port anaerobic sludge digestion engineering, Dalian Dong Taixia family river Treatment of Sludge engineering, Qingdao Mai Dao mesophilic anaerobic digestion engineering, Xiangyang mud joint disposal demonstration project etc., and their general character is the debirs such as the changing food waste that the mud content of organic matter own is higher or the admixture content of organic matter is higher.The biogas utilization approach adopted mainly contains combustion power generation and natural gas refining.The former is domestic and international application the most a kind of approach, mainly comprises in factory and utilizing and grid-connected two kinds of modes, because Sewage Plant or mud factory are large electricity consumers, therefore utilizes in factory and seems more economic and practical; The latter can be used as vehicle fuel or Domestic Gas, and one-time investment is higher, and depends on the supporting dynamics of government, and therefore application is also few.
For low organic municipal sludge in China major part typical case, simple employing conventional anaerobic digestion technique is also uneconomical, how to improve production rate of methane and biogas capacity usage ratio to greatest extent by improving technique, will become anaerobic sludge digestion technique universal, finally realize the important prerequisite that mud " pulls through, turns waste into wealth ".
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention, just be to provide a kind of high efficiency cogeneration of heat and power energy use technology-sludge methane generating set-steam boiler energy efficient compensation and utilize integral system, low organic sludge anaerobic digestion gas production rate and biogas capacity usage ratio in farthest improving, thus reduce operating cost.
Solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of sludge methane generating set-steam boiler energy efficient compensates and utilizes integral system, comprise biogas and compensate steam boiler and Biogas Generator Set, it is characterized in that: after the biogas desulfurization dehumidifying that described mud produces, respectively transport to the generating burner 6 of Biogas Generator Set and the boiler-burner 12 of biogas compensation steam boiler to air induction conduit 9 by certain allocation proportion through two, enter the biogas energy of Biogas Generator Set except being converted into electric energy, a part delivers to internal combustion chamber recirculated cooling water form heat exchanger 3 heat exchange again that biogas compensates steam boiler water charging system with heat exchange, another part directly passes through chimney 7 with flue gas form, enter cigarette conduit 8 and be delivered to the front smoke box 11 that biogas compensates steam boiler, enter biogas by boiler-burner 12 and compensate the biogas of steam boiler after boiler furnace flue 13 first backhaul combustion, the second backhaul smoke pipe 17 is flowed through through return combustion chamber 14 with flue gas form, and after front smoke box 11 and described flue gas converge, enter the 3rd backhaul smoke pipe continue heating kettle water, finally under air exhauster 18 effect through after smoke box 15 discharge from chimney 16, the water vapour that steam boiler produces exports the pyrohydrolysis pond of the anaerobic digestion link of described mud to.
The biogas that described mud produces refers to the biogas that the anaerobic sludge digestion link be made up of pyrohydrolysis pond, middle temperature or high temperature anaerobic pond produces, and native system forms a solid wastes recycling treatment and utilization system with the anaerobic sludge digestion link be made up of pyrohydrolysis pond, middle temperature or high temperature anaerobic pond.
Described biogas compensates steam boiler water charging system: moisturizing after water softener 1, softened water tank 2, heat exchanger 3, boiler 4, supplements hot water to steam boiler (steam is exerted oneself and blowdown) successively and dewatered sludge is dry or it is used.
Described by certain allocation proportion to the structure of the boiler-burner 12 of the generator burner 6 of Biogas Generator Set and steam boiler be respectively: on the pipeline before inputing to boiler front smoke box 11 and boiler-burner 12, interlock 10 is distributed with air inlet across being provided with heat energy detection, it is a kind of intelligent interlock, by analysis stream through to enter in cigarette conduit the remaining cigarette temperature of generating and flow and infer flue gas calorific value so that judge calorific value difference needed for boiler output, last basis artificially arranges formula and carrys out automatic control two to lead to biogas flow from boiler-burner to air induction conduit.
It is horizontal internal combustion repacking formula boiler that described biogas compensates steam boiler, boiler-burner is gas burner or fuel-firing gas-firing dual burner, boiler body is provided with shell, flue 13, return combustion chamber 14, second backhaul smoke pipe 17 and front and back tube sheet, the front smoke box 11 that front tube sheet is corresponding has into cigarette guide hole, before chimney 16, is provided with air exhauster 18.
Described allocation proportion determines according to entering cigarette situation, from 0 ~ 100% all likely.
Operation principle:
The biogas that anaerobic sludge digestion link produces after desulfurization dehumidifying (methane content about 60%) by two to air induction conduit 9, detect according to heat energy and to distribute interlock 10 with air inlet and enter Biogas Generator Set group burner 6 by certain allocation proportion and biogas compensates steam boiler burner 12.
The biogas energy 36% entering Biogas Generator Set is converted into electricity consumption facility in electric power supply factory, about 25% internal combustion chamber 5 recirculated cooling water heat by the soft water be stored in after processing through water softener 1 in softened water tank 2, by being distributed by boiler 4 after heat exchanger 3 heat exchange (60 ~ 70 DEG C), a part supplements the steam that biogas compensates steam boiler and exerts oneself and blowdown, about 30% heat directly with flue gas form (about 560 DEG C) by chimney 7, be delivered to biogas compensate the front smoke box 11 of steam boiler through entering cigarette conduit 8, residue about 9% is waste.
Enter biogas and compensate the biogas of steam boiler after flue 13 (the first backhaul) combustion, the second backhaul smoke pipe 17 (being down to 500 ~ 600 DEG C) is flowed through through return combustion chamber 14 with flue gas form (about 1000 DEG C), after front smoke box 11 and generating flue gas converge, enter the 3rd backhaul smoke pipe continue heating kettle water, finally under air exhauster 18 effect through after smoke box 15 discharge (about 150 DEG C) from chimney 16.Biogas compensates steam boiler and stablize generation 170 DEG C of steam under the acting in conjunction of self fuel and generating waste-heat.
The methane quantity entering described biogas compensation steam boiler reduces because of the cooling water of described Biogas Generator Set group and the effectively supplementary of fume afterheat, further increases the methane quantity entering described Biogas Generator Set group; Meanwhile, the high-temperature steam (170 DEG C) that described biogas compensates steam boiler generation directly leads to mud, carry out a period of time High Temperature Pre process to mud, the mud after hydrolysis broken wall is laggard to the digestion of anaeration in normal temperature pond through pressure release cooling, and factor of created gase significantly promotes.Described Biogas Generator Set group-biogas compensates steam boiler integral system and forms an internal energy high-efficient circulating system with High Temperature Pre process+anaerobic digestion (biogas) again, biogas consequently for generating electricity more comes the more, fewer and feweri for the biogas of producing steam, the electric energy output rating of biogas increases substantially, and the internal system utilization rate of final biogas energy reaches more than 70%, biogas energy comprehensive utilization ratio is more than 90%.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages and effect:
(1) biogas utilization equipment Biogas Generator Set and biogas are compensated steam boiler to be connected as a single entity and significantly to improve the effective rate of utilization of biogas energy, this integration compensates and utilizes system, can by most of generating waste-heat reuse to pyrohydrolysis steam boiler, reduce burning biogas ratio, increasing generated energy exports, and realizes system low energy consumption to greatest extent, high production runs.
(2) internal combustion chamber circulating cooling efficiency of utilization is high, time the highest nearly half energy by heat-exchanging water directly supply steam boiler as steam exert oneself and blowdown loss continuous supplementation water source, improve internal system Conversion of Energy utilization rate, dump energy then can be used for the anaerobic sludge digestion pond insulation outside native system or natural pond slag is dry or other is commercial and personal.
(3) biogas compensates steam boiler flexible operation, steam supply is stablized, fuel saving, that heat energy for making the fuel combustion of boiler own produce and generator fume afterheat combine that (about 1000 DEG C, combustion chamber flue gas is down to 500 ~ 600 DEG C from return combustion chamber temperature when the second backhaul smoke pipe arrives front smoke box by the main purpose that Biogas Generator Set group chimney is connected with steam boiler front smoke box, after converging with about the 560 DEG C remaining cigarettes that generate electricity under air exhauster effect after the 3rd backhaul smoke pipe from after smoke box enter chimney emission, realize external remaining cigarette to minimize boiler body infringement), distribute interlock according to heat energy detection with air inlet and distribute boiler biogas input, thus the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN reached under stable steam supply maximizes and conservation of fuel optimization.
(4) this technology is not only applicable to middle low organic sludge or other organic waste anaerobic digestion process, also be applicable to the anaerobic digestion process of high organic mud or other organic waste simultaneously, treatment effect is good and operating cost is low, and economic benefit is obvious.
(5) when this technology is applied to middle low organic sludge or other organic waste anaerobic digestion process, within the scope of certain content of organic matter (40% ~ 60%): the content of organic matter is lower, the internal system utilization rate of biogas energy is higher; The content of organic matter is higher, and marsh gas power generation ratio is higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is composition of the present invention and annexation schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is workflow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is energy circulation figure of the present invention.
In figure: 1: water softener; 2: softened water tank; 3: heat exchanger; 4: boiler; 5: generator internal combustion chamber; 6: generating burner; 7: generator chimney; 8: enter cigarette conduit; 9: two to air induction conduit; 10: heat energy detects and distributes interlock with air inlet; 11: front smoke box; 12: boiler-burner; 13: flue; 14: return combustion chamber; 15: rear smoke box; 16: boiler chimney; 17: the second backhaul smoke pipes; 18: air exhauster.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
See Fig. 1, sludge methane generating set of the present invention-steam boiler energy efficient compensates and utilizes integral system embodiment, comprises Biogas Generator Set group, water softener, softened water tank, heat exchanger, boiler, enters cigarette conduit, two to detect with air inlet distributes interlock, biogas compensates steam boiler to air induction conduit, heat energy.
The biogas that anaerobic sludge digestion produces enters Biogas Generator Set burner 6 and steam boiler burner 12 by two respectively to air induction conduit 9 after desulfurization dehumidifying; Enter the biogas energy of Biogas Generator Set group except conversion electric energy, part is distributed and is compensated steam boiler steam as biogas and exert oneself and the supplementary source of blowdown by the soft water be stored in after processing through water softener 1 in softened water tank 2 using internal combustion chamber recirculated cooling water form by heat exchanger 3 heat exchange, again through boiler 4, part direct with flue gas form by chimney 7, be delivered to through entering cigarette conduit 8 front smoke box 11 that biogas compensates steam boiler; Enter biogas and compensate the biogas of steam boiler after flue 13 (the first backhaul) combustion, the second backhaul smoke pipe 17 is flowed through through return combustion chamber 14 with flue gas form, after front smoke box 11 and generating flue gas converge, enter the 3rd backhaul smoke pipe continue heating kettle water, finally under air exhauster 18 effect through after smoke box 15 discharge from chimney 16; The water vapour that steam boiler produces exports the pyrohydrolysis pond of sludge treatment equipment to.
On air induction conduit 9, distributing interlock 10 across arranging heat energy detection with air inlet be connected boiler-burner 12 two at the cigarette conduit 8 that enters connecting boiler front smoke box 11, making biogas enter generating set burner 6 and boiler-burner 12 by certain allocation proportion.
The best access port position that the remaining cigarette of generating enters boiler is front smoke box, connect herein not only can ensure interior cigarette and foreign cigarette temperature uniformity, also front smoke box can be avoided collaborate smoke backflow to flue, thus realize external more than cigarette boiler body damaged minimize.
Biogas compensates steam boiler body and is provided with shell, flue 13, return combustion chamber 14, second backhaul smoke pipe 17 and front and back tube sheet, the front smoke box 11 that front tube sheet is corresponding has into cigarette guide hole, is provided with air exhauster 18 before chimney 16.
Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of the present invention in anaerobic sludge digestion processing procedure.Wherein Biogas Generator Set primary responsibility energy product exports and boiler energy compensation, and biogas compensates steam boiler and is then responsible for utilizing generator waste heat and steam supply; Meanwhile, the high-temperature steam (170 DEG C) that biogas compensates steam boiler generation directly leads to mud, a period of time High Temperature Pre process is carried out to mud, mud after hydrolysis broken wall enters the digestion of anaeration in normal temperature pond after pressure release cooling, factor of created gase significantly promotes, and then supplies this technique device biogas.
Fig. 3 is the energy circulation figure of application system.Biogas Generator Set group, biogas compensate steam boiler and High Temperature Pre process+anaerobic digestion (biogas) forms an internal energy high-efficient circulating system, biogas consequently for generating electricity more comes the more, fewer and feweri for the biogas of producing steam, the electric energy output rating of biogas increases substantially, and the internal system utilization rate of final biogas energy reaches more than 70%, biogas energy comprehensive utilization ratio is more than 90%.
The present invention is not only applicable to middle low organic sludge or other organic waste anaerobic digestion process, is applicable to the anaerobic digestion process of high organic mud or other organic waste simultaneously yet.
Application case 1:
Certain municipal sewage plant's treatment scale is 200,000 t/d, mud (80% moisture content) productive rate 100t/d, the mud butt content of organic matter about 50%, adopts high-temperature hot hydrolysis pretreatment-mesophilic anaerobic digestion-cogeneration of heat and power technique to carry out Treatment of Sludge and recycling.In normal course of operation, biogas (CH
4content 60 ~ 65%) average product is about 5000m
3/ d, wherein high-temperature hot hydrolysis pretreatment (boiler thermal output 90%) and mesophilic anaerobic digestion (residual heat insulation) need heat 6 × 10
7kJ/d, amounts to biogas demand and is about 2650m
3/ d, if do not consider, residual heat system inner loop utilizes, and only the methane quantity of not enough half can be used to generating output; And utilize integrated technique, methane boiler Actual combustion methane quantity only about 1350m by application sludge methane generating set-steam boiler energy efficient compensation
3/ d, conservation of fuel rate is up to 49.1%, and surplus can supply the generating of 350kW Biogas Generator Set group about 8000 degree/d, amounts to wet mud electrogenesis 80 degree per ton, is equivalent to 30.8% of equivalent sewage disposal power consumption.Can be calculated by above data, sludge methane generating set-steam boiler energy efficient compensates and utilizes integral system biogas energy inner utilization rate to be 75.8% (the biogas energy internal system that wherein generates electricity utilization rate 70.5%), and comprehensive utilization ratio is 90.7% (generating biogas energy comprehensive utilization ratio 91%).
Application case 2:
Certain municipal sewage plant's treatment scale is 100,000 t/d, mud (80% moisture content) productive rate 50t/d, the mud butt content of organic matter about 40%, adopts high-temperature hot hydrolysis pretreatment-mesophilic anaerobic digestion-cogeneration of heat and power technique to carry out Treatment of Sludge and recycling.In normal course of operation, biogas (CH
4content 60 ~ 65%) average product is about 1700m
3/ d, wherein high-temperature hot hydrolysis pretreatment (boiler thermal output 90%) and mesophilic anaerobic digestion (residual heat insulation) need heat 3 × 10
7kJ/d, amounts to biogas demand and is about 1300m
3/ d, if do not consider, residual heat system inner loop utilizes, and the methane quantity only less than 1/4th can be used to generating and exports; And utilize integrated technique, methane boiler Actual combustion methane quantity only about 1015m by application sludge methane generating set-steam boiler energy efficient compensation
3/ d, conservation of fuel rate 21.9%, surplus can supply the generating of 70kW Biogas Generator Set group about 1500 degree/d, amounts to wet mud electrogenesis 30 degree per ton, is equivalent to 11.5% of equivalent sewage disposal power consumption.Can be calculated by above data, sludge methane generating set-steam boiler energy efficient compensates and utilizes integral system biogas energy inner utilization rate to be 85.2% (the biogas energy internal system that wherein generates electricity utilization rate 78.0%), and comprehensive utilization ratio is 90.4% (generating biogas energy comprehensive utilization ratio 91%).
Application case 3:
Certain municipal sewage plant's treatment scale is 400,000 t/d, mud (80% moisture content) productive rate 200t/d, the mud butt content of organic matter about 60%, adopts high-temperature hot hydrolysis pretreatment-mesophilic anaerobic digestion-cogeneration of heat and power technique to carry out Treatment of Sludge and recycling.In normal course of operation, biogas (CH
4content 60 ~ 65%) average product is about 13000m
3/ d, wherein high-temperature hot hydrolysis pretreatment (boiler thermal output 90%) and mesophilic anaerobic digestion (residual heat insulation) need heat 1.2 × 10
8kJ/d, amounts to biogas demand and is about 5220m
3/ d, if do not consider, residual heat system inner loop utilizes, and has sixty percent biogas to can be used to generating and exports; And utilize integrated technique, methane boiler Actual combustion methane quantity only about 1415m by application sludge methane generating set-steam boiler energy efficient compensation
3/ d, conservation of fuel rate is up to 72.9%, and surplus can supply the generating of 1.1MW Biogas Generator Set group about 25400 degree/d, amounts to wet mud electrogenesis 127 degree per ton, is equivalent to 48.8% of equivalent sewage disposal power consumption.Can be calculated by above data, sludge methane generating set-steam boiler energy efficient compensates and utilizes integral system biogas energy inner utilization rate to be 71.3% (the biogas energy internal system that wherein generates electricity utilization rate 69%), and comprehensive utilization ratio is 90.9% (generating biogas energy comprehensive utilization ratio 91%).
Claims (5)
1. sludge methane generating set-steam boiler energy efficient compensates and utilizes integral system, comprise biogas and compensate steam boiler and Biogas Generator Set, it is characterized in that: after the biogas desulfurization dehumidifying that described mud produces, respectively transport to the generating burner (6) of Biogas Generator Set and the boiler-burner (12) of biogas compensation steam boiler to air induction conduit (9) by certain allocation proportion through two, enter the biogas energy of Biogas Generator Set except being converted into electric energy, a part delivers to internal combustion chamber recirculated cooling water form heat exchanger (3) heat exchange again that biogas compensates steam boiler water charging system with heat exchange, another part directly passes through chimney (7) with flue gas form, enter cigarette conduit (8) and be delivered to the front smoke box (11) that biogas compensates steam boiler, enter biogas by boiler-burner (12) and compensate the biogas of steam boiler after boiler furnace flue (13) first backhaul combustion, the second backhaul smoke pipe (17) is flowed through through return combustion chamber (14) with flue gas form, and after front smoke box (11) and described flue gas converge, enter the 3rd backhaul smoke pipe continue heating kettle water, finally under air exhauster (18) acts on through after smoke box (15) discharge from chimney (16), the water vapour that steam boiler produces exports the pyrohydrolysis pond of the anaerobic digestion link of described mud to.
2. sludge methane generating set according to claim 1-steam boiler energy efficient compensates and utilizes integral system, it is characterized in that: the biogas that described mud produces refers to the biogas that the anaerobic sludge digestion link become by pyrohydrolysis pond, middle temperature or high temperature anaerobic pond, biogas storage group produces.
3. sludge methane generating set according to claim 2-steam boiler energy efficient compensates and utilizes integral system, it is characterized in that: described biogas compensates steam boiler water charging system and is: moisturizing after water softener (1), softened water tank (2), heat exchanger (3), boiler (4), supplements hot water to steam boiler successively and dewatered sludge is dry or it is used.
4. sludge methane generating set according to claim 3-steam boiler energy efficient compensates and utilizes integral system, it is characterized in that: described by certain allocation proportion to the structure of the boiler-burner (12) of the generator burner (6) of Biogas Generator Set and steam boiler be respectively: inputing on boiler front smoke box (11) and the front flue gas of boiler-burner (12) and biogas pipeline, detect and distribute interlock (10) across being provided with heat energy with air inlet.
5. sludge methane generating set according to claim 4-steam boiler energy efficient compensates and utilizes integral system, it is characterized in that: it is horizontal internal combustion repacking formula boiler that described biogas compensates steam boiler, boiler-burner is gas burner or fuel-firing gas-firing dual burner, boiler body is provided with shell, flue (13), return combustion chamber (14), the second backhaul smoke pipe (17) and front and back tube sheet, the front smoke box (11) that front tube sheet is corresponding has into cigarette guide hole, and chimney (16) is front is provided with air exhauster (18).
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| CN107420220A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-12-01 | 重庆领鑫安科技有限公司 | Wisdom cogeneration of heat and power energy conserving system |
| CN110194527A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-09-03 | 武汉天源环保股份有限公司 | A kind of anaerobic reactor biogas safe utilization method |
| CN112610944A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-06 | 江苏隽诺环保工程技术有限公司 | Coal-fired power generation coupling disposal method after wet anaerobic fermentation of kitchen garbage |
| CN114149143A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-08 | 中车环境科技有限公司 | Low-carbon sewage treatment system |
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