CN210035461U

CN210035461U - Garbage reheating boiler

Info

Publication number: CN210035461U
Application number: CN201920644454.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宋永富; 夏良伟; 张明宝; 张晓东; 姜丘陵; 张伟; 王锐; 陈跃; 王东明; 程浩; 刘灿
Original assignee: Harbin Boiler Co Ltd
Current assignee: Harbin Boiler Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-05-07
Filing date: 2019-05-07
Publication date: 2020-02-07
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-07

Abstract

The rubbish reheat boiler. At present, the boilers of domestic and foreign garbage generator sets mainly adopt the technical parameters without reheating, and the generating efficiency of the set is low. The utility model discloses a constitution includes: drum (1), low temperature reheater (16), the drum passes through saturated steam eduction tube (2) and is connected with low temperature superheater (3), low temperature superheater passes through the pipeline and is connected with medium temperature superheater (5) and installs one-level desuperheater (4) on the pipeline, medium temperature superheater passes through the tube coupling with high temperature superheater (7) and installs second grade desuperheater (6) on the pipeline, one side and main steam conduit (8) of high temperature superheater are connected, the drum passes through connecting pipe (14) and is connected with economizer (13), the one end of economizer is connected with water supply pipeline (12), the drum passes through downcomer (9) and is connected with the water-cooling wall, the water-cooling wall passes through soda eduction tube (11) and is connected with the drum, low temperature reheater (16) passes through the tube coupling with high temperature reheater (18). The utility model is used for rubbish reheat boiler.

Description

Garbage reheating boiler

The technical field is as follows:

the utility model relates to a rubbish reheat boiler.

Background art:

according to the ' thirteen-five ' national urban domestic garbage harmless output facility construction plan ', the garbage power generation treatment scale target of China is close to 60 ten thousand tons/day by 2020, but the existing treatment capacity of China is only 38 ten thousand tons/day, and 22 ten thousand tons of garbage power generation scale is yet to be developed in the market.

Although the market potential of the garbage power generation industry is huge, with the trend of increasingly developing the price of the garbage incineration power generation industry and continuously reducing the garbage disposal cost, the market competition is in vain, under the pressure that the subsidy of the garbage incineration power cost is possibly cancelled, each garbage power generation project urgently needs to reduce the operation cost, improve the economic index and increase the investment benefit, the method for improving the power generation efficiency of the garbage unit is the most direct and effective method, most of the boilers of the garbage power generation units at home and abroad at present mainly adopt the reheating-free technical parameters, and the power generation efficiency of the garbage power unit is low.

The utility model has the following contents:

the utility model aims at providing a rubbish reheat boiler mainly is to key structure rational arrangement such as over heater, re-heater, guarantees that main steam parameter, reheat parameter reach the designing requirement, and the high temperature corrosion of effective control over heater, re-heater has simultaneously improved the utilization ratio of rubbish energy.

The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:

a waste reheating boiler, comprising: the boiler comprises a boiler barrel and a low-temperature reheater, wherein the boiler barrel is connected with a low-temperature superheater through a saturated steam outlet pipe, the low-temperature superheater is connected with a medium-temperature superheater through a pipeline and is provided with a primary desuperheater, the medium-temperature superheater and the high-temperature superheater are connected through a pipeline and are provided with a secondary desuperheater, one side of the high-temperature superheater is connected with a main steam pipeline, the boiler barrel is connected with an economizer through a connecting pipe, one end of the economizer is connected with a water supply pipeline, the boiler barrel is connected with a water-cooled wall through a descending pipe, the water-cooled wall is connected with the boiler barrel through a steam-water outlet pipe, the low-temperature reheater is connected with the high-temperature reheater through a pipeline, and one side of the high-temperature reheater is connected with a hot-end reheate.

The garbage reheating boiler is characterized in that a primary reheating desuperheater is arranged between the low-temperature reheater and the high-temperature reheater, the low-temperature superheater, the medium-temperature superheater, the high-temperature superheater, the low-temperature reheater and the high-temperature reheater are arranged in a water-cooled wall cladding wall of a horizontal flue, and an evaporation tube bundle is arranged in front of the medium-temperature superheater.

The garbage reheating boiler is characterized in that the water-cooled walls are respectively provided with a first flue water-cooled wall, a second flue water-cooled wall, a third flue water-cooled wall and a horizontal flue water-cooled wall wrapping wall, the water-cooled wall wrapping walls are arranged on two sides in the horizontal flue water-cooled wall wrapping wall, and the coal economizer is a light pipe coal economizer.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. the utility model relates to a rubbish reheat boiler through to key structure rational arrangement such as over heater, re-heater, guarantees that main steam parameter, reheat parameter reach the designing requirement, and the high temperature corrosion of effective control over heater, re-heater simultaneously improves unit generating efficiency through rubbish reheat boiler electricity generation, has also improved the utilization ratio of rubbish energy simultaneously.

The utility model discloses utilizing rubbish reheat technique, having improved rubbish generating set's generating efficiency, promoting economic operation index, economic effect is obvious, makes the running cost greatly reduced of boiler, adopts the mature technique of rubbish boiler simultaneously, through control metal wall temperature, has reduced the risk of this technique, and this structure can effectively replace current rubbish and not take reheat boiler technique.

The utility model discloses a structure is with rubbish as the rubbish reheat boiler of fuel, replaces the conventionality to not take reheat rubbish boiler, and this structure has overcome the key technology who takes reheat rubbish boiler thermodynamic calculation, structural design, has guaranteed rubbish reheat boiler reasonable in design, and main steam, reheat steam's technical parameter meets the demands, makes the operation that the boiler can the safety and stability.

The utility model discloses a reheat parameter has been adopted to the structure, and horizontal flue's heat transfer volume is great than conventional boiler, carries out a large amount of heating power calculation, wall temperature calculation, intensity calculation etc. under the prerequisite of the warning line that superheater and reheater metal wall temperature do not exceed 540 ℃ this high temperature corrosion, selects suitable pipe material and specification and allowance, arranges superheater and reheater, guarantees the safe and stable operation of the technological parameter of whole superheater system reheater system steam and boiler.

The utility model discloses a rubbish reheat boiler and conventional rubbish boiler are from structural style, still the soda flow, all are creative design.

Description of the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

example 1:

a waste reheating boiler, comprising: the boiler comprises a boiler barrel 1 and a low-temperature reheater 16, wherein the boiler barrel is connected with a low-temperature superheater 3 through a saturated steam leading-out pipe 2, the low-temperature superheater is connected with a medium-temperature superheater 5 through a pipeline and is provided with a primary desuperheater 4, the medium-temperature superheater is connected with a high-temperature superheater 7 through a pipeline and is provided with a secondary desuperheater 6, one side of the high-temperature superheater is connected with a main steam pipeline 8, the boiler barrel is connected with an economizer 13 through a connecting pipe 14, one end of the economizer is connected with a water supply pipeline 12, the boiler barrel is connected with a water-cooling wall through a downcomer 9, the water-cooling wall is connected with the boiler barrel through a steam leading-out pipe 11, the low-temperature reheater 16 is connected with the high-temperature reheater 18 through a pipeline, and one side of the high-temperature reheater is connected with a hot-end reheate.

Example 2:

according to the waste reheating boiler of the embodiment 1, a primary reheating desuperheater 17 is arranged between a low-temperature reheater 16 and a high-temperature reheater 18, the low-temperature superheater 3, the medium-temperature superheater 5, the high-temperature superheater 7, the low-temperature reheater 16 and the high-temperature reheater 18 are installed in a horizontal flue water wall enclosure 10, and an evaporation tube bundle 20 is arranged in front of the medium-temperature superheater.

Example 3:

according to the garbage reheating boiler in the embodiment 2, the water-cooled walls are respectively provided with a first flue water-cooled wall, a second flue water-cooled wall, a third flue water-cooled wall and a horizontal flue water-cooled wall wrapping wall, the water-cooled wall wrapping walls are arranged on two sides in the horizontal flue water-cooled wall wrapping wall, and the coal economizer is a light pipe coal economizer.

Example 4:

the method for reheating the garbage reheating boiler according to the embodiment 1-3, comprising the following steps:

(1) determining technical parameters of boiler steam:

in the aspect of boiler calculation, effective heat absorption ratios of main steam and reheat steam of a boiler are comprehensively considered, reasonable technical parameters of the main steam and the reheat steam and structural arrangement of a superheater and a reheater are selected, the main steam pressure is 6.4-13.7pa, the temperature is 450-plus-one temperature, and the temperature of a hot-end reheat steam pipeline is 420-plus-one temperature is 450 ℃;

(2) steam flow of boiler part:

steam from the cold end reheating steam pipeline sequentially passes through the low-temperature reheater, the reheating desuperheater, the high-temperature reheater and the hot end reheating steam pipeline to form a reheater flow system;

saturated steam from the boiler barrel sequentially passes through a saturated steam outlet pipe, a low-temperature superheater, a primary desuperheater, a medium-temperature superheater, a secondary desuperheater, a high-temperature superheater and a main steam pipeline to form a superheater flow system;

heating water from the economizer sequentially passes through the boiler barrel, the downcomer, the water-cooled wall, the steam-water eduction tube and the boiler barrel from the steam-water eduction tube to form an evaporator flow system;

the liquid in the water supply pipeline sequentially passes through the coal economizer, the connecting pipe and the boiler barrel to form a water flow system.

Example 5:

according to the waste reheating boiler disclosed by the embodiment 1-4, in the aspect of boiler calculation, effective heat absorption ratios of main steam and reheated steam of the boiler are comprehensively considered, reasonable technical parameters of the main steam and the reheated steam and structural arrangement of a superheater and a reheater are selected, and the boiler is guaranteed to run safely and stably;

the solving method comprises the following steps: on the premise of controllable high-temperature corrosion, the safe, stable and efficient operation of the boiler is ensured from the aspects of design calculation, proportion of a heating surface, structure and the like;

the implementation method comprises the following steps:

the water-cooled wall of the hearth adopts a castable and surfacing technology, the surfacing technology is adopted in the area with the smoke temperature of more than 700 ℃ of the water-cooled wall of the second flue and the third flue, and after entering the horizontal flue, an evaporation convection tube bundle is arranged in front of the superheater, so that the smoke temperature entering the superheater is ensured to be less than 650 ℃, and the metal wall temperature of all the superheater and reheater is less than 540 ℃;

the boiler mainly comprises five parts, namely a grate incineration device, a hearth, a second and third flue settling chamber, a horizontal convection flue and a low-temperature vertical flue. The grate incineration equipment is positioned at the lower part of the hearth and is provided by a professional grate equipment manufacturer; the lower part of the hearth is laid with corrosion-resistant castable, and the upper part of the hearth is welded by adopting a surfacing technology to avoid the corrosion of a water wall; the second third flue is a membrane type water-cooled wall, through structural arrangement, a large amount of ash in the flue gas is deposited at the second third flue, so that the abrasion and corrosion of a heating surface of a convection area are reduced, meanwhile, the temperature of the flue gas is rapidly reduced, and the regeneration of dioxin is reduced; the horizontal flue is mainly provided with heating surfaces of a superheater and a reheater, but an evaporation convection tube bundle is arranged at the inlet of the flue, so that the superheater and the reheater are reasonably arranged in a crossed manner to reduce the corrosion and erosion of flue gas to the front-row high-temperature heating surface, and steam parameters are ensured to meet the design requirements; arranging an economizer vertically at low temperature, reducing the temperature of the flue gas to about 190 ℃, sending the flue gas into a tail flue gas purification device for treatment, and discharging the flue gas into the atmosphere through a chimney after the flue gas reaches the standard;

the boiler adopts reheating parameters, the heat exchange amount of a horizontal flue is larger than that of a conventional boiler, a large amount of thermal calculation, wall temperature calculation, strength calculation and the like are carried out, under the premise that the metal wall temperature of a superheater and a reheater does not exceed a warning line of high-temperature corrosion of 540 ℃, proper pipe materials, specifications and allowances are selected, the superheater and the reheater are arranged, and the technical parameters of steam of a reheater system of the whole superheater system and the safe and stable operation of the boiler are ensured;

due to the characteristics of the garbage unit, the evaporation capacity of the boiler is generally below 100t/h, medium-temperature and medium-pressure technical parameters are adopted, a reheater is not needed, the arrangement of a heating surface is convenient and simple, and high-temperature corrosion can be well controlled. The technology is a boiler with a brand new structure, main steam adopts medium-temperature secondary high-pressure parameters, and reheat steam adopts medium-temperature parameters. The design difficulty of the small-capacity reheat boiler is very high, and particularly on the premise of considering controllable high-temperature corrosion, safe and reliable operation of the boiler, the difficulty is very high for ensuring that technical parameters of main steam and reheat steam meet requirements. The type selection of the boiler, the overall arrangement of the boiler after the type selection of the boiler and the wall temperature selection of a superheater and a reheater are very important. The invention is based on the waste fire grate incineration mode, the high-temperature convection heating surface of the boiler adopts horizontal arrangement, thereby reducing the pollution and ash deposition corrosion, and simultaneously ensuring that the aspects of flue gas temperature, metal wall temperature, flue gas flow velocity, working medium flow velocity and the like are in reasonable ranges through heat power, steam water, wall temperature, corrosion, strength calculation and structural design; in a word, the waste reheating boiler and the conventional waste boiler are creative design schemes in structural form and steam-water flow.

Claims

1. A waste reheating boiler, comprising: drum, low temperature reheater, characterized by: the boiler barrel is connected with the low-temperature superheater through a saturated steam leading-out pipe, the low-temperature superheater is connected with the medium-temperature superheater through a pipeline and is provided with a primary desuperheater, the medium-temperature superheater and the high-temperature superheater are connected through a pipeline and are provided with a secondary desuperheater, one side of the high-temperature superheater is connected with a main steam pipeline, the boiler barrel is connected with an economizer through a connecting pipe, one end of the economizer is connected with a water supply pipeline, the boiler barrel is connected with a water-cooled wall through a descending pipe, the water-cooled wall is connected with the boiler barrel through a steam-water leading-out pipe, the low-temperature reheater is connected with the high-temperature reheater through a pipeline, and one side of the high-temperature reheater is connected with a hot-end reheater steam pipeline.

2. The waste reheating boiler of claim 1, wherein: the low-temperature reheater and the high-temperature reheater are provided with a primary reheating desuperheater, the low-temperature superheater, the medium-temperature superheater, the high-temperature superheater, the low-temperature reheater and the high-temperature reheater are arranged in a water-cooled wall wrapping wall of a horizontal flue, and an evaporation tube bundle is arranged in front of the medium-temperature superheater.

3. The waste reheating boiler of claim 2, wherein: the water-cooled walls are respectively provided with a first flue water-cooled wall, a second flue water-cooled wall, a third flue water-cooled wall and a horizontal flue water-cooled wall wrapping wall, the water-cooled wall wrapping walls are arranged on two sides in the horizontal flue water-cooled wall wrapping wall, and the coal economizer is a light pipe coal economizer.