CN104247237A - Dc-dc converter - Google Patents

Dc-dc converter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104247237A
CN104247237A CN201380014602.6A CN201380014602A CN104247237A CN 104247237 A CN104247237 A CN 104247237A CN 201380014602 A CN201380014602 A CN 201380014602A CN 104247237 A CN104247237 A CN 104247237A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
coil
switch
iron core
shaped iron
transformer
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Granted
Application number
CN201380014602.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN104247237B (en
Inventor
照井洋光
足助英树
高野秀治
山本真义
今冈淳
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Nagoya University NUC
Sanken Electric Co Ltd
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Sanken Electric Co Ltd
Shimane University NUC
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Publication of CN104247237A publication Critical patent/CN104247237A/en
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Publication of CN104247237B publication Critical patent/CN104247237B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24Magnetic cores
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • H01F3/14Constrictions; Gaps, e.g. air-gaps
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0064Magnetic structures combining different functions, e.g. storage, filtering or transformation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)

Abstract

A DC-DC converter having: a coupling transformer having a winding (11) and a winding (12); switches (Tr1, Tr2) respectively connected to both ends of a direct current power supply (Vi) via the windings; series circuits connected to both ends of each switch and comprising a diode and a smoothing capacitor; and a control circuit (100) that alternately turns on the switch (Tr1) and the switch (Tr2), and simultaneously turns on the switch (Tr1) and the switch (Tr2) for a prescribed overlap period for every half-cycle. Furthermore, with the coupling transformer (1), an I-shaped core (4) is sandwiched between two E-shaped cores (2, 3), with a gap (5) being provided between the middle legs (2a, 3a) of the E-shaped cores (2, 3) and the I-shaped core (4), and the winding (11) and the winding (12) being wound around the I-shaped core (4).

Description

DC-DC converter
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of DC-DC converter of carrying out boost action, particularly relate to a kind of shape of the iron core used in transformer.
Background technology
Fig. 1 is the circuit structure diagram representing relevant DC-DC converter.Fig. 2 is the equivalent circuit figure of the coupling transformer 20 in the relevant DC-DC converter shown in Fig. 1.DC-DC converter shown in Fig. 1 has DC power supply Vi, coupling transformer 20, switch Tr1, Tr2, diode D1, D2, filtering capacitor Co, load resistance Ro and control circuit 100.
As shown in Figure 2, coupling transformer 20 has transformer T3, transformer T4 and reactor L3.Transformer T3 has: primary winding 105a (number of turn np), the winding coil 105b (number of turn np1) be connected in series with primary winding 105a, secondary coil 105c (number of turn ns) with primary winding 105a and the coil 105b electromagnetic coupled that reels.Transformer T4 is formed in the same manner as transformer T3, has: primary winding 106a (number of turn np), the winding coil 106b (number of turn np1) be connected in series with primary winding 106a, secondary coil 106c (number of turn ns) with primary winding 106a and the coil 106b electromagnetic coupled that reels.
Primary winding 105a at the two ends of DC power supply Vi via transformer T3 is connected between the collector electrode-emitter of the switch Tr1 be made up of IGBT (igbt).Primary winding 106a at the two ends of DC power supply Vi via transformer T4 is connected between the collector electrode-emitter of the switch Tr2 be made up of IGBT.The primary winding 105a of transformer T3 and the tie point of the collector electrode of switch Tr1 and the emitter of switch Tr1 are connected with the series circuit be made up of winding coil 105b, diode D1 and the filtering capacitor Co of transformer T3.The primary winding 106a of transformer T4 and the tie point of the collector electrode of switch Tr2 and the emitter of switch Tr2 are connected with the series circuit be made up of winding coil 106b, diode D2 and the filtering capacitor Co of transformer T4.
Reactor L3 is connected with at the two ends of the series circuit of the secondary coil 105c of transformer T3 and the secondary coil 106c of transformer T4.Control circuit 100 controls according to the output voltage Vo of filtering capacitor Co, connects to disconnect preceding switch Tr2 to switch Tr1 after switch Tr1 connects, and disconnects preceding switch Tr1 connect at switch Tr2.That is, carry out following control: switch Tr1 and switch Tr2 is alternatively connected, and during predetermined repetition, make switch Tr1 and switch Tr2 connect in each 1/2 cycle simultaneously.
The relevant DC-DC converter of formation like this makes switch Tr1 connect according to the control signal Tr1g from control circuit 100, after during predetermined repetition, when switch Tr2 being disconnected according to the control signal Tr2g from control circuit 100, electric current is along Vi (+side), 105a, Tr1, Vi (-side) flowing, and therefore the electric current of switch Tr1 increases linearly.Meanwhile, also produce voltage at the secondary coil 105c of transformer T3, electric current L3i flows through by the clockwise path along 105c, L3,106c, 105c.
Electric current L3i flows through according to the law of equal ampereturns of transformer, puts aside energy, and also flow through identical electric current at reactor L3 in the secondary coil 106c of transformer T4.Therefore, the voltage that induction is corresponding with the number of turn in the primary winding 106a and winding coil 106b of transformer T4.
In addition, when the winding of transformer T4 ratio is set as A=(np+np1)/np, in diode D2, the electric current of the 1/A of the electric current of switch Tr1 flows through along Vi+, 106a, 106b, D2, Co, Vi-.Until the moment of turn on-switch Tr2 flow through the electric current of diode D2.The output voltage Vo of filtering capacitor Co is the voltage (input voltage) of DC power supply Vi, the voltage produced at the primary winding 106a of transformer T4 and the voltage sum produced at the winding coil 106b of transformer T4.
When the duty ratio (D=Ton/T) of switch Tr1 is set to D, the voltage produced in transformer T4 is AViD.Ton is the turn-on time of switch Tr1.T is the cycle making switch Tr1 carry out switch.The output voltage Vo of filtering capacitor Co becomes Vo=Vi (1+AD), can control output voltage Vo by changing duty ratio D.
Then, when making switch Tr2 connect according to the control signal Tr2g from control circuit 100, after during predetermined repetition, when switch Tr1 being disconnected according to the control signal Tr1g from control circuit 100, electric current is along Vi+, 106a, Tr2, Vi-flowing, and therefore the electric current of switch Tr2 increases linearly.Meanwhile, also produce voltage at the secondary coil 106c of transformer T4, electric current L3i increases simultaneously according to the path flowing through 106c, 105c, L3,106c clockwise.
Electric current L3i flows through according to the law of equal ampereturns of transformer, puts aside energy, and flow through identical electric current at reactor L3 in the secondary coil 105c of transformer T3.Therefore, the voltage that induction is corresponding with the number of turn in the primary winding 105a and winding coil 105b of transformer T3.
In addition, when the winding of transformer T3 ratio is set as A=(np+np1)/np, in diode D1, the electric current of the 1/A of the electric current of switch Tr2 flows through along Vi+, 105a, 105b, D1, Co, Vi-.Until the moment of turn on-switch Tr1 flow through the electric current of diode D1.The output voltage Vo of filtering capacitor Co is the voltage (input voltage) of DC power supply Vi, the voltage produced at the primary winding 105a of transformer T3 and transformer T3 the voltage sum that produces of winding coil 105b.When the duty ratio (D=Ton/T) of switch Tr2 is set to D, the voltage produced at transformer T3 is AViD.Ton is the turn-on time of switch Tr2.T is the cycle making switch Tr2 carry out switch.The output voltage Vo of filtering capacitor Co becomes Vo=Vi (1+AD), can control output voltage Vo by changing duty ratio D.
As example in No. 2010-004704, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication (patent documentation 1), as heterogeneous formula transformer streptostyly boost chopper (with reference to patent documentation 1), relevant DC-DC converter shown in known Fig. 1, makes independently two-way coupling by transformer.Thereby, it is possible to make two iron cores needed carry out boost action by means of only an iron core.
In addition, coupling transformer 20 has and is combined opposite to each other and the iron core 21 that forms on the direction, face extended by two of E font iron core members, iron core 21 have batter 22,23, central member 24 and clearance portion 25, batter 22 reels coil 31, and batter 23 reels coil 32.Current i 1 flows through coil 31, and current i 2 flows through coil 32.
Summary of the invention
The problem that invention will solve
But, in relevant coupling transformer 20, as shown in Figure 3, at the outside magnetic leakage flux composition Φ 1k of coil 31, coil 32, in addition, leak the magnetic flux composition Φ fr based on edge effect in the clearance portion 25 of iron core 21.That is, in relevant coupling transformer 20, leakage flux is large, therefore becomes large with the difference of theoretical value.
According to the present invention, one can be provided to have minimizing leakage flux, the DC-DC converter of the coupling transformer of the design close to theoretical value can be carried out.
Solve the means of problem
According to technological side of the present invention, DC-DC converter has: coupling transformer, and it has the first coil and the second coil; First switch, it is connected with the two ends of DC power supply via described first coil; Second switch, it is connected with the two ends of described DC power supply via described second coil; First series circuit, it is connected with the two ends of described first switch, is made up of the first diode and filtering capacitor; Second series circuit, it is connected with the two ends of described second switch, is made up of the second diode and described filtering capacitor; And control circuit, it makes described first switch and described second switch alternatively connect, and during predetermined repetition, make described first switch and described second switch connect in each 1/2 cycle simultaneously, described coupling transformer passes through with two E shaped iron cores mode interval I shaped iron core in opposite directions, between the central member and I shaped iron core of the E shaped iron core of a side, the first clearance portion is set, between the central member and I shaped iron core of the E shaped iron core of the opposing party, arrange the second clearance portion, I shaped iron core reels described first coil and described second coil and form.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit structure diagram representing relevant DC-DC converter.
Fig. 2 is the equivalent circuit figure of the coupling transformer in the relevant DC-DC converter shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the figure of the long reason increased in gap of coupling transformer in the relevant DC-DC converter shown in key diagram 1.
Fig. 4 is the circuit structure diagram of the DC-DC converter representing embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of the coupling transformer of the EEI iron core represented in the DC-DC converter employing embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is the figure compared representing that existing mode is long with the gap of embodiment 1.
Fig. 7 is the figure of the method for winding of the coil of the coupling transformer representing existing example and embodiment 2.
Embodiment
Below, be described in detail with reference to the execution mode of accompanying drawing to DC-DC converter of the present invention.
The feature of DC-DC converter of the present invention is, by the iron core of the iron core and an I type that use two E types, achieves minimizing leakage flux, can carry out the coupling transformer of the design close to theoretical value.
(embodiment 1)
Fig. 4 is the circuit structure diagram of the DC-DC converter representing embodiment 1.Fig. 5 is the structure chart employing the coupling transformer of EEI iron core represented in the DC-DC converter of embodiment 1.That is, be characterized as the relevant coupling transformer 20 replaced shown in Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 3, use the coupling transformer 1 shown in Fig. 5.
The structure shown in other structure with Fig. 1 shown in Fig. 4 is identical, gives same-sign, omit its detailed description to same section.At this, only coupling transformer 1 is described.
Coupling transformer 1 shown in Fig. 5 has the structure by two E shaped iron cores 2,3 interval I shaped iron core 4.With extend direction, face on via I shaped iron core 4, central member 2a, 3a mode in opposite directions make two E fonts iron core 2,3 integration.More particularly, the first clearance portion 5 is set between the central member 2a and I shaped iron core 4 of the E shaped iron core 2 of a side, the second clearance portion 5 is set between the central member 3a and I shaped iron core 4 of the E shaped iron core 3 of the opposing party.In addition, I shaped iron core 4 the reels coil 11 (the first coil) of number of turn n1 and the coil 12 (the second coil) of number of turn n2 is formed.Current i 1 flows through coil 11, and current i 2 flows through coil 12.As a result, the closed magnetic circuit that formation four is stable in the iron core 3,4 of integration as shown in Figure 5.
Fig. 6 is the figure compared representing that existing mode is long with the gap of the mode of embodiment 1.The figure of Fig. 6 (a) to be the figure of existing mode, Fig. 6 (b) be mode of embodiment 1.The theoretical value Rmg of the magnetic resistance of clearance portion is represented by following formula.
Rmg=lg/μo·S
At this, lg is that gap is long, and S is area of section, and μ o is magnetic permeability.
According to the coupling transformer 1 of the present embodiment formed as above, when current i 1 flows through coil 11, when current i 2 flows through coil 12, as shown in Figure 5, by flow through coil 11, coil 12 electric current produce magnetic flux by following magnetic circuit, this magnetic circuit, first by I shaped iron core 4, via clearance portion 5 by E shaped iron core 2,3, turns back to I shaped iron core 4.That is, form closed magnetic circuit and reduce leakage flux significantly, gap is long to shorten.
Therefore, it is possible to provide one to have minimizing leakage flux, the DC-DC converter of the coupling transformer of the design close to theoretical value can be carried out.
On the other hand, in the relevant coupling transformer 20 shown in Fig. 3, due to the coil 31,32 that reeled at batter 22,23, therefore in the outside leakage magnetic flux of batter 22,23.Therefore, leakage flux becomes large, and the deviation of measured value and theoretical value becomes large.
(embodiment 2)
Fig. 7 is the figure compared representing existing example and the method for winding of the coil of the coupling transformer of embodiment 2.Fig. 7 (a) is the structure chart of relevant coupling transformer 20, and Fig. 7 (b) is the structure chart of the coupling transformer of embodiment 2.
In addition, except the coupling transformer change of embodiment 2, the structure of DC-DC converter is identical with the structure of the transformer shown in Fig. 4.
In the relevant coupling transformer 20 shown in Fig. 7 (a), the coil 31 of the number of turn n1 that reels at batter 22, the coil 32 of the number of turn n2 that reels at batter 23.
On the other hand, in the coupling transformer of the present embodiment shown in Fig. 7 (b), by coil 31a (the first coil) and and the series circuit of coil 31b (the second coil) that is connected in series of coil 31a be connected between the positive pole of DC power supply Vi and the collector electrode of switch Tr1.By coil 32a (tertiary coil) and and the series circuit of coil 32b (the 4th coil) that is connected in series of coil 32a be connected between the positive pole of DC power supply Vi and the collector electrode of switch Tr2.
Coupling transformer to make each central member 24a mode in opposite directions that the integration of two E shaped iron cores is become θ type on the direction, face extended.Namely, between the central member 24a of the E shaped iron core of a side and the central member 24a of the E shaped iron core of the opposing party, clearance portion 25a is set, the batter 22 of a side of the E shaped iron core of a side and the opposing party reels coil 31a and coil 32b, and the batter 23 of the opposing party of the E shaped iron core of a side and the opposing party reels coil 31b and coil 32a.
The number of turn of coil 31a and the number of turn of coil 31b add up to number of turn n1.The number of turn of coil 32a and the number of turn of coil 32b add up to number of turn n2.
That is, each coil of coil 31,32 is separated into two, coil 31a that batter 22 reels, coil 32b, coil 31b that batter 23 reels, coil 32b, is therefore disperseed by magnetomotive force, gap is long to shorten.Therefore, it is possible to the raising degree of coupling.
According to the present invention, one can be provided to have minimizing leakage flux, the DC-DC converter of the coupling transformer of the design close to theoretical value can be carried out.
(U.S.'s appointment)
This international patent application specifies the U.S., about No. 2012-060547th, the Japanese patent application submitted on March 16th, 2012, enjoys the benefit of priority, quote the disclosure content based on united states patent law the 119th article (a).

Claims (2)

1. a DC-DC converter, is characterized in that, has:
Coupling transformer, it has the first coil and the second coil;
First switch, it is connected with the two ends of DC power supply via described first coil;
Second switch, it is connected with the two ends of described DC power supply via described second coil;
First series circuit, it is connected with the two ends of described first switch, is made up of the first diode and filtering capacitor;
Second series circuit, it is connected with the two ends of described second switch, is made up of the second diode and described filtering capacitor; And
Control circuit, it makes described first switch and described second switch alternatively connect, and during predetermined repetition, makes described first switch and described second switch connect in each 1/2 cycle simultaneously,
Described coupling transformer passes through with two E shaped iron cores mode interval I shaped iron core in opposite directions, between the central member and I shaped iron core of the E shaped iron core of a side, the first clearance portion is set, between the central member and I shaped iron core of the E shaped iron core of the opposing party, arrange the second clearance portion, I shaped iron core reels described first coil and described second coil and form.
2. a DC-DC converter, is characterized in that, has:
Coupling transformer, it has the first coil, the second coil of being connected in series with this First Line, tertiary coil and the 4th coil that is connected in series with this tertiary coil;
First switch, it is connected with the two ends of DC power supply with described second coil via described first coil;
Second switch, it is connected with the two ends of DC power supply with described 4th coil via described tertiary coil;
First series circuit, it is connected with the two ends of described first switch, is made up of the first diode and filtering capacitor;
Second series circuit, it is connected with the two ends of described second switch, is made up of the second diode and described filtering capacitor; And
Control circuit, it makes described first switch and described second switch alternatively connect, and during predetermined repetition, makes described first switch and described second switch connect in each 1/2 cycle simultaneously,
Described coupling transformer passes through to make each central member mode in opposite directions combine two E shaped iron cores, between the central member of the E shaped iron core of a side and the central member of the E shaped iron core of the opposing party, clearance portion is set, the batter of a side of the E shaped iron core of a side and the opposing party reels described first coil and described 4th coil, and the batter of the opposing party of the E shaped iron core of a side and the opposing party reels described second coil and described tertiary coil are formed.
CN201380014602.6A 2012-03-16 2013-01-24 DC DC converters Expired - Fee Related CN104247237B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012060547A JP5934001B2 (en) 2012-03-16 2012-03-16 DC-DC converter
JP2012-060547 2012-03-16
PCT/JP2013/051475 WO2013136854A1 (en) 2012-03-16 2013-01-24 Dc-dc converter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN104247237A true CN104247237A (en) 2014-12-24
CN104247237B CN104247237B (en) 2017-10-03

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US (1) US20150070942A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2827484B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5934001B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101631697B1 (en)
CN (1) CN104247237B (en)
WO (1) WO2013136854A1 (en)

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US20210375523A1 (en) * 2018-11-02 2021-12-02 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Reactor and multi-phase interleave-type dc-dc converter

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US20150070942A1 (en) 2015-03-12
KR20140136502A (en) 2014-11-28
JP5934001B2 (en) 2016-06-15
EP2827484B1 (en) 2019-10-16
KR101631697B1 (en) 2016-06-20
WO2013136854A1 (en) 2013-09-19
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CN104247237B (en) 2017-10-03
EP2827484A1 (en) 2015-01-21

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