CN104246000B - 具有低Si含量的钢带材 - Google Patents

具有低Si含量的钢带材 Download PDF

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CN104246000B
CN104246000B CN201380022062.6A CN201380022062A CN104246000B CN 104246000 B CN104246000 B CN 104246000B CN 201380022062 A CN201380022062 A CN 201380022062A CN 104246000 B CN104246000 B CN 104246000B
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steel band
steel
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E·杰森
E·A·F·斯班
R·莫斯托特
T·A·科帕
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Abstract

本发明提供了不显示虎皮斑的双相或复相钢带材。根据本发明，该具有分级为1000MPa钢类的极限拉伸强度Rm的钢带材，包含(以质量百分比计)C 0.09－0.19％；Mn 1.9－2.6％；Si至多0.1％；Cr 0.4－0.8％；Mo至多0.3％；Ni至多0.4％；Al 0.02－1.3％；和任选地选自以下的一种或多种元素：Nb至多0.08％；P等于或大于0.0005％；N等于或小于0.015％；Ti等于或小于0.1％；V等于或小于0.1％；B等于或小于0.01％。其中Cr、Mo和Ni的和为至少0.5％；余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。

Description

具有低Si含量的钢带材
本发明涉及具有低硅含量的钢带材，特别是热浸镀锌的钢带材，更特别是热浸镀锌的双相或复相钢带材。
就强度和延展性(可成形性)而言具有平衡性质的双相(DP)钢带材在本领域中是公知的。在冷轧的DP钢带材中，出于成本降低和/或控制、固溶强化、避免碳化物析出的原因，硅是非常常见的合金化元素，考虑到延展性(延伸率)其是有利的。然而，Si引起与表面有关的问题。在热带材轧机和退火生产线中加工期间形成的Si氧化物增加所谓的“虎皮斑”出现的风险，这影响外观和可涂覆性。因此，通常限制硅在DP钢中、特别是在热浸镀锌的(HDG)DP钢中的使用。通常DP钢中的Si含量为0.2－0.3wt.％(在HDG DP钢片材中)和0.2－0.5wt.％(在未涂覆的钢片材中)。
由EP 2169091A1知道具有低屈服强度的高强度热浸镀锌的钢片材。该钢组合物以质量百分比计包括0.01－0.12％的C、0.2％或更少的Si、小于2％的Mn、0.04％或更少的P、0.02％或更少的S、0.3％或更少的sol.Al、0.01％或更少的N、0.3－2％Cr，还满足条件2.1≤[Mneq]≤3和0.24≤[％Cr]/[％Mn]，余量为铁和不可避免的杂质。该钢显微组织由铁素体和第二相组成，其中第二相的面积比为2－25％，第二相中珠光体或贝氏体的面积比为0－20％，第二相的平均晶粒直径为0.9－7微米，并且第二相中具有小于0.8微米的晶粒直径的晶粒的面积比小于15％。通过基于低Si和低Al的合金化原理的多个实施例例证了该钢组合物。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种钢组合物，例如双相(DP)或复相(CP)钢组合物，其结合了就强度、特别是至少1000MPa的极限拉伸强度和延展性而言所需的显微组织性质以及足够的表面品质(特别是避免了虎皮斑的出现)。
本发明的另一个目的是提供这样的具有良好可涂覆性的钢组合物。
根据本发明，具有分级为1000MPa钢类的极限拉伸强度Rm的钢带材，包含(以质量百分比计)
C 0.09－0.19％；
Mn 1.9－2.6％；
Si 至多0.1％；
Cr 0.4－0.8％；
Mo 至多0.3％；
Ni 至多0.4％；
Al 0.02－1.3％；
和任选地选自以下的一种或多种元素：
Nb 至多0.08％；
P 等于或大于0.0005％；
N 等于或小于0.015％；
Ti 等于或小于0.1％；
V 等于或小于0.1％；
B 等于或小于0.01％。
其中Cr、Mo和Ni的和为至少0.5％；
余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质和不可避免的杂质。
出乎意料地发现，根据本发明的钢组合物在高水平的强度和可成形性性质下不显示虎皮斑。
关于冶金方面，认为适用以下准则：
C为0.09－0.19％，优选0.12－0.17％。如果C高于该上限，那么变得难以确保良好的可点焊性。如果C低于0.09％，那么碳含量太低而不产生DP或CP显微组织。
Si为至多0.1％。已显示Si是造成虎皮斑的主要因素。为了以可靠的方式避免这些表面缺陷出现的风险，将量限制为0.1％的最大值。优选地，Si含量等于或小于0.08％，更优选0.02－0.08％。
通常Al的添加和Si的添加对钢的可成形性具有相似的有益影响。然而，考虑到虎皮斑Al具有可忽略的影响。因此Al为0.02－1.3％。优选地，Al为0.02－0.35％。
Mn以1.9－2.6％的水平存在，由此补偿由低Si含量引起的强度降低，优选地为2.10－2.50％。出于强度和硬化原因，还存在Cr、Mo和Ni，其确定本发明的钢带材的DP或CP显微组织。根据本发明这些元素的总和为至少0.5％。各个元素的量为
Cr 0.4－0.8％，更优选大于0.50最高至0.70％；
Mo 0－0.3％，优选小于0.01％；和
Ni 0－0.4％，优选小于0.05％。
根据本发明的钢带材组合物可任选包含少量的其它合金化元素。不可避免的杂质和其它合金化元素的和有利地小于1.25％。优选地，额外的合金化元素和各个杂质的限制为
P 等于或大于0.0005％并且有利地为0.005－0.05％
N 至多0.015％
Nb 至多0.08％，更优选至多0.04％
Ti 至多0.1％
V 至多0.1％
B 至多0.01％。
在一个有利的实施方案中，根据本发明的钢带材具有一种显微组织(面积％)，其包含
马氏体5－40％；
铁素体/上贝氏体30－95％；
下贝氏体/回火马氏体0－30％；
和任选地珠光体小于5％。
考虑到加工硬化和延展性，需要铁素体和马氏体。在CP产品中马氏体含量不应太高，因为它影响屈服强度。贝氏体提供强度并且平衡显微组织中的局部硬度差异。有利地，珠光体的量少，优选为约零。有利地，考虑到强度，晶粒尺寸小于10微米。
在一个优选的实施方案中，用包含Zn的涂层涂覆钢带材。尽管可以以各种方式施加涂层，但是优选使用标准GI涂覆浴的热浸镀锌。还可施加其它的Zn涂层。一个实例包括根据WO 2008/102009的Zn合金涂层，特别是由0.3－4.0％的Mg和0.05％－6.0％的Al以及任选至多0.2％的一种或多种额外元素连同不可避免的杂质和余量锌组成的锌合金涂覆层。通常以小于0.2重量％的少量添加的额外元素可选自Pb或Sb、Ti、Ca、Mn、Sn、La、Ce、Cr、Ni、Zr或Bi。通常添加Pb、Sn、Bi和Sb来形成锌花。优选地，锌合金中额外元素的总量为至多0.2％。这些少量的额外元素不会将涂层或浴的性质改变至对于通常应用的明显程度。优选地，当一种或多种额外元素存在于锌合金涂层中时，每种以<0.02重量％的量存在，优选每种以<0.01重量％的量存在。通常仅添加额外元素来防止在用于热浸镀锌的具有熔融锌合金的浴中的浮渣形成，或在涂覆层中形成锌花。
将通过以下实施例进一步说明本发明：
通过通常的冷轧和连续退火工艺制造具有如下表1中指出的组成的片材。例如由该组成铸造钢块并且随后进行工业热轧模拟。更具体地，在880℃的终轧温度和650℃的卷绕温度下将带材热轧到所需的厚度，例如4mm。在热轧后，将带材冷轧到1mm的最终厚度并且如下所述进行退火。
使用不同的退火处理来加工实施例1，导致如表2所示的3组不同的拉伸性质。每种处理(参见表3)包括将各片材加热到最大温度T1，接着将片材缓慢冷却(速率1－10℃/s)降至温度T2。从T2开始发生快速冷却(速率20－60℃/s)至T3，将片材在该温度下保持一定时间40－100秒)。然后使如此处理的片材在空气中冷却至环境温度。
对于实施例2－4，通过如上所概述的标准炼钢和轧制路线来制备冷轧带材。在冷轧后，在如上所概述的标准退火生产线中连续退火该材料。在加热至温度T1后，进行缓慢冷却至T2并且随后快速冷却至温度T3(在表3中呈现了相关数据)。接下来，将该材料a)在实施例2a和3a中进一步冷却至室温，或b)对于GI(镀锌的)实施例2b、2c、3b和4a－4c，使带材达到Zn浴温度，或c)对于GA实施例2d，施加额外的标准GA(镀锌层退火的)加热步骤。
表4呈现了关于实施例2－4的显微组织和晶粒尺寸的数据。CP变体－实施例2a和4a具有包含大于1％的马氏体、大于10％的铁素体、大于50％的贝氏体+回火马氏体和小于5％的珠光体的显微组织。DP变体－实施例2b、2c、3a和3b的显微组织包含至少5％的马氏体、大于50％的铁素体、任选贝氏体+回火马氏体和小于5％的珠光体。
对于虎皮斑的存在，还目视检查了片材。没有观察到虎皮斑。还实现了良好的可涂覆性。
表1.组成实施例1－4
表2.物理性质实施例1－4
表3退火数据实施例1-4
实施例 T1(℃) T2(℃) T3(℃)
1a 850 680 380
1 b 840 680 475
1c 840 600 475
2a 860 675 320
2b 800 620 480
2C 820 690 490
2d 850 700 470
3a 810 620 275
3b 800 700 480
4a 850 630 400
4b 860 650 420
4c 840 640 440
表4显微组织实施例2-4
实施例 显微组织 晶粒尺寸
2a CP <10
2b DP <5
2c DP <5
2d DP
3a DP <8
3b DP <5
4a CP <10
4b CP <10
4C DP

Claims (13)

1.具有分级为1000MPa钢类的极限拉伸强度Rm的钢带材，由以下组成(以质量百分比计)
其中Cr、Mo和Ni的和为至少0.5％；
余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
2.根据权利要求1的钢带材，其中Si为至多0.08％。
3.根据权利要求1或2的钢带材，包含(以质量百分比计)
C 0.12－0.17％；
Mn 2.10－2.50％；
Al 0.02－0.35％。
4.根据权利要求1或2的钢带材，包含
Cr 0.50－0.70％；
Mo 至多0.01％；
Ni 至多0.05％。
5.根据权利要求1或2的钢带材，包含
Nb 至多0.04％
P 小于0.05％。
6.根据权利要求1或2的钢带材，具有一种显微组织，其以面积％计包含，
马氏体 5－40％；
铁素体/上贝氏体 30－95％；
下贝氏体/回火马氏体 0－30％；
和任选地珠光体小于5％。
7.根据权利要求1或2的钢带材，其中晶粒尺寸小于10微米。
8.根据权利要求1或2的钢带材，其涂覆有包含Zn的涂层。
9.根据权利要求8的钢带材，其为热浸镀锌的。
10.根据权利要求8的钢带材，其中该涂层以质量百分比计包含0.3－4.0％的Mg和0.05％－6.0％的Al。
11.根据权利要求10的钢带材，其中该涂层还包含至多0.2％的一种或多种额外元素连同不可避免的杂质和余量锌，所述一种或多种额外元素选自Pb、Sb、Ti、Ca、Mn、Sn、La、Ce、Cr、Ni、Zr和Bi。
12.根据权利要求9的钢带材，其中该涂层以质量百分比计包含0.3－4.0％的Mg和0.05％－6.0％的Al。
13.根据权利要求12的钢带材，其中该涂层还包含至多0.2％的一种或多种额外元素连同不可避免的杂质和余量锌，所述一种或多种额外元素选自Pb、Sb、Ti、Ca、Mn、Sn、La、Ce、Cr、Ni、Zr和Bi。
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