CN104245888A - Surface vertical retort and process to obtain oil and gas from pyro-bituminous oil shale and/ or materials containing organic carbon compounds - Google Patents
Surface vertical retort and process to obtain oil and gas from pyro-bituminous oil shale and/ or materials containing organic carbon compounds Download PDFInfo
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- CN104245888A CN104245888A CN201380020623.9A CN201380020623A CN104245888A CN 104245888 A CN104245888 A CN 104245888A CN 201380020623 A CN201380020623 A CN 201380020623A CN 104245888 A CN104245888 A CN 104245888A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/06—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of oil shale and/or or bituminous rocks
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B1/00—Retorts
- C10B1/02—Stationary retorts
- C10B1/04—Vertical retorts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
- C10B49/04—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
- C10B49/04—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/06—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated according to the moving bed type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/02—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by distillation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/02—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in retorts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/02—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in retorts
- C10G9/04—Retorts
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a surface vertical shaft retort (100), heated by an external source, which includes (i) a multifunctional central pipe (110), (ii) a top sealing device (120), (iii) a load distribution system (130), (iv) a retorting vessel ( 140) with an annular shaped bed (141) furnished with a set of load pipes (142), spaced among themselves, to form a collecting chamber to gather gas and mist (143), a hot gas injector (144), a cold recycle collector (145) and distributor (146), and a bed control and unloading mechanism (147), (v) a plenun chamber (150), (vi) a device for heat recovery of the spent shale (160) containing a piping network (162)for recirculation and spraying of the retorting water and accumulation hoppers (161) and (vii) a device for dry bottom sealing (170). In addition, this patent application comprises a process to obtain oil and gas from pyro-bituminous oil shale and/ or materials which contain organic compounds using the referred surface vertical retort heated by an external source (100) through the following steps (a) load supply, (b) sealing of the load supply, (c) load distribution, (d) gathering and removal of gases and mist, (e) heating and drying of the load, (f) reinjection of gas stream from the cold recycle gas from stage (i), (g) load pyrolysis, (h) injection of the gas stream from the hot gas recycle, (i) removal of the cold gas recycle stream, (j) heat recovery of the spent shale, (k) discharge of the bed with annular shaped, (1) cold gas recycle injection (m) mixture of the cold recycle stream with water vapor stream, (n) collection in the accumulation hoppers of discharged spent shale, (o); spraying of the recycled retorting water, (p) vapor generation by the contact of the recycled retorting water with the retorted material deposited in the accumulation hoppers and (q) dry discharge of the spent shale, and bottom sealing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ground vertical shaft gas retort (100) by external heat, it comprises: (i) functional central pipe (110); (ii) top seal (120); (iii) load allocating system (130); (iv) retort (retorting vessel) (140), this retort (140) comprises annular bed (141), hot gas injector (144), the collector (145) of SAPMAC method and divider (146), and bed controls and unloading mechanism (147), wherein annular bed (141) is equipped with the loaded tubes (142) at one group of interval each other, to form the collecting chamber (143) for assembling gas and mist; (v) plenum chamber (150) (plenun chamber); (vi) for the device (160) of the recovery of heat of spent shale, this device comprises pipe network (162) and buildup hopper (161), and wherein pipe network (162) is for the recirculation of destructive distillation water and sprinkling; And (vii) is for the device of bottom drying sealing (170).In addition, present patent application comprises described ground vertical type gas retort (100) of use by external heat from bituminous matter resinous shale and/or containing obtaining the gentle technique of oil the material of organic compound, and this technique is implemented by following steps: the supply of (a) load; The sealing of (b) load supply; (c) load sharing; The gathering of (d) gas and mist and removal; E the heating of () load is with dry; F () comes from reinjecting of the air-flow of the circulating cold air in stage (i); (g) load pyrolysis; The injection of the air-flow of (h) hot gas cycle; The removal of (i) circulating cold air stream; J () reclaims heat from spent shale; The discharge of (k) annular bed; L () circulating cold air is injected; M () SAPMAC method stream mixes with stream of water vapor; N () collects the spent shale of discharge in buildup hopper; The sprinkling of (o) circulation destructive distillation water; P () to be contacted with the material of the destructive distillation be deposited in buildup hopper generation water vapour and the discharge of (q) dry spent shale and sealed bottom by circulation destructive distillation water.
Background technology
Now, consider population in the world more than 7,000,000,000 people, the acceleration maneuvering ability of advantage social class and more supplies of catabiotic product, make there has been more demand to fossil oil, which results in the rising of the price of this kind of commodity and/or the shortage of this kind of commodity, and then cause the huge economic impact in worldwide.
A large amount of approach is had to may be used for obtaining the energy meeting global energy demand.But, although have superiority for the development of new technology energy-producing in the different sources from such as renewable resource, but oil remains used main source, particularly because it is as the importance of transport fuel, and it is unlikely replaced by other resources.
Oil is the energy of versatility, and it was widely used more than a century.But the rise of the decline of its output and its price has been apparent.
Allow the oil field, land of the raw petroliferous easy acquisition of low cost and environmental safety ground to face the decline of output, and new discovery also become rare.But, in national fishing shelf, there is increasing discovery, particularly in deep water, and in many cases---such as in Brazil---under thick salt deposit.
Obtain such storage and produce oil thus and also reduce the environmental influence that may cause and can face great technological challenge and high cost.
Bituminous matter resinous shale is a kind of almost at the class ore that whole celestial body can obtain, it comprises the kerabitumen of the hydrocarbon polymer showing as Long carbon chain, exist with liquid oil form at present compared to those, this kerabitumen deposition is as equity or even more excellent potential storage.In worldwide energy basement rock, this ore has huge potentiality to realize the additional demand of liquid towards hydrocarbon polymer.
Be understandable that, researchist has been devoted to develop new technique, to obtain hydrocarbon polymer from bituminous matter resinous shale, creation process is related to the physical and chemical performance of resinous shale, it is different (VOLKOV for each shale mineral deposit, E.and STELMAKH, G.The stages of research on creating commercial units for processing the oil shale fines.Oil Shale.A Scientific-Technical Journal (Estonian Academy Publishers) 16 (2): 161-185, 1999).
Great majority in these techniques only carry out by the in vitro experimental phase.Other sub-fractions have achieved the follow-up stage, such as the development of tentative unit stage, model machine stage and half industrialization phase.But the great majority in them were all being abandoned afterwards, because they bring unsurmountable technology and/or economic problems.
Only has little technique being in developmental stage and/or plant-scale production phase at present.
Must, the technique obtaining hydrocarbon polymer from bituminous matter resinous shale is occurred by the pyrolytic process of rock, and this is the ultimate principle of all technique.Find in the mineral substrate of rock the kerabitumen producing the gentle solid form of oil.When ore is heated to specified temp, the molecule of kerabitumen is decomposed (being decomposed into the chain containing the more carbon of peanut), thus forms the mixture of hydrocarbon polymer and other gases.
Existing technique worldwide can be divided into two primary categories: the technique performed on the ground and those techniques performed underground (being also referred to as original position).
Although underground technique (in-situ process) is the prerequisite based on eliminating mining and preparation of ore, thus reducing the cost of the recovery of these activities and mining area, not reaching economically feasible level.The greatest difficulty that in-situ process finds is about heat trnasfer, and it can affect the control of technique and be present in the application of the oil/gas in mineral deposit, and, therefore can reduce the coefficient of mining in mineral deposit.Meanwhile, in environment, there is the high potentiality that underground water is polluted by oil, gas and chemical products in in-situ process, and wherein chemical products is used to the gap of opening in oil shale layer, and it can not be removed completely from destructive distillation position.
In surface technology, resinous shale needs to be exploited in advance, pulverize and classify, with the particle size range required for the satisfied special process that will carry out.The operation (suppression, the mining area of dust and noise restore) that all these operate and they relate to can cause the increase of the final cost of processed oil.
Surface technology can also be classified according to the particle size range of pending material.Therefore, some technique operates with tiny material (particulate), and scantling is usually at below 10mm, and some technique is with granular material operation, and scantling is usually between 10mm and 75mm.
Surface technology based on the operation of tiny size performs usually in horizontal gas retort (reactor) or being similar to having in the gas retort at less rotation inclination angle of the calcining kiln in cement industry.These techniques use the burning of the spent shale in gas retort as thermal source usually, it can be supplemented to gas retort by external source, wherein external source is such as the burning of a part for pyrolysis product, or the returning of dirt that can be produced by the burning coming from the outside spent shale performed is supplemented.
On the other hand, do not need the technique of supplemental heat source to be generally used for comprising and to have in the mineral deposit of organic resinous shale of high-content, wherein organism exists with wooden and kerabitumen form.
Fluidized-bed reactor was tested in the recent period.Its load using gas re-circulation technology and need particle diameter more tiny (being usually less than 2mm).But, the desirable data about this technique are not yet shown.
The technique performed by tiny particle diameter produces high-density and full-bodied oil usually, it shows the fine particles with high-content in processed oil, it is made to be difficult to filter, and compared with the technique by granular material operation, this technique has lower yield factor (yield factor).
As the example of the technique operated by resinous shale fine powder, come from Estonian Galoter distillation process and can process 3 on horizontal rotating carbonization furnace in one day, 000 ton, this horizontal rotating carbonization furnace is similar to the clinkering furnace of the resinous shale operation being less than 25mm by particle diameter.Standard aluminum rice steamer test (standard Fischer assay) oily yield of Galoter technique is approximately 75%, and this process quilt is thought complicated, be difficult to operate ((QIAN J. and WANG J., world's oil shale distillation technology-China University Of Petroleum Beijing-Beijing 100101 China, 2006) QIAN J.and WANG J.World Oil Shale Retorting Technologies-China Petroleum University-Beijing 100101 China, 2006).The version of the improvement of Galoter technique is called as EnefiT technique, and the heat of the dirt coming from the resinous shale after burning is used for pyrolysis by it, adds new peripheral unit, and make its more complicated and be more difficult to implement.
Similarly, the distillation process ATP (Alberta Taciuk technique) of UMATAC Industrial Arte Tecnica S.A. exploitation, it is developed at first for the treatment of tar sand, therefore, also be suitable for process asphaltene resinous shale, its usage level rotating retorts and the resinous shale utilizing particle diameter to be less than 25mm operate.Establishing criteria aluminium rice steamer is tested, and the oily yield of this technique is approximately 85%.
For providing reference information, other techniques utilizing fine particles to operate all only under test or due to technical problem be at present stop, these techniques such as have TOSCO II, Lurgi-Ruhrgas, Oil Tech, Chevron STP (fluidized-bed), Shell Spher (fluidized-bed) and Kentort II (fluidized-bed).
The distillation process utilizing granulate material to operate uses fixing vertical type gas retort (reactor) usually, namely, irrotational vertical type gas retort, it comprises various load seal system, for performing multiple retorts of pyrolysis phase, and the discharge system of the different materials of destructive distillation.
Internally can be produced by the material of burning loading for the heat affected needed for pyrolysis phase, no matter whether it is supplemented by the burning of pyrolysis byproducts (so-called combustion gases), or is recycled to a part of air-flow of gas retort by heating in stove and is produced by outside.But produce in the technique for institute's heat requirement of pyrolysis phase in use internal-combustion (gaseous combustion), a part of product is burnt, and the by-product contamination that the gas produced is burned.
One is the technology PetroSix developed by Petrobras (Brazilian Petroleum Co.) by the example of the technique of indirect heating, in the industrial gas retort of the resinous shale of process particle diameter between 10mm and 70mm, the process production capacity of this technique is every day 6,200 tons, and establishing criteria aluminium rice steamer is tested, the oily yield of this technique nearly 85%.In addition, PetroSix distillation process uses the dry tightness system being positioned at top and the hydraulic seal system being positioned at bottom (spent shale is from reactor position out), hydraulic seal system can produce a large amount of water consumptions in the process, therefore, the main difficulty faced when this is and applies this technique in water-deficient area.In addition, in PetroSix technique, all provided with the form of thermal cycling by the stove of reactor (gas retort) outside for the heat needed for destructive distillation.Because the heat recovery rate from spent shale is low, therefore the energy efficiency of PetroSix distillation process is impaired.
Another distillation process is called as Keviter technique, and be the technology developed by Estonian company Viru Keemia, the process production capacity of this technique is every day 1,000 ton, utilizes the resinous shale operation of particle diameter from 10mm to 125mm.In the process, the supply of load, run by gravity and sealing are very similar to PetroSix technique, comprising the water-lute bottom gas retort; But, be provided by two rectangular type bumer be positioned in the middle of cylindrical reactor for the heat needed for oil shale pyrolysis, describe it as gas combustion process.In these combustion chambers, inject process gas, these burning of gass are provided for the required heat of oil shale pyrolysis.The oil vapour produced in pyrolysis and gas and combustion gases are removed by two collectors be positioned on the upside of gas retort.Part process gas is injected into the bottom of gas retort, to reclaim the heat of the spent shale declined from pyrolysis zone due to gravity.Spent shale can not be burnt and be contained debris; The gas that this technique produces is little, and comprises nitrogen and carbonic acid gas.Establishing criteria aluminium rice steamer is tested, and keviter distillation process oil yield is 75%.
The distillation process in Fushun producer formula (gaseous combustion) is the technology of China's exploitation, and this technique has been used more than 70 years.Its production capacity is little, every day 100 tons, utilizes the resinous shale particle manipulating of 10mm to 75mm scope.Establishing criteria aluminium rice steamer is tested, and the oily yield of this technique is 65%.
There is narrow at the middle part of reactor in Fushun gas retort, gas retort is divided into two portions by this narrow, and the pyrolysis of resinous shale occurs on top, and the burning of spent shale occurs in bottom.
Thermal cycling preheated in outside stove is injected into the bottom of pyrolysis zone, with the necessary heat of makeup oil shale pyrolysis.The gaseous mass produced is poor, by nitrogen and carbon dioxide pollution, which has limited the recycling of gas.In addition, because the oily yield of this technique of burning of part oil in reactor (gas retort) reduces greatly.This is considered to the little technique of production capacity and causes great environmental problem.
Also have the Paraho technique of indirect heating work, it is similar to Petrosix technique, and unique difference is the feature of equipment/device.This technique is tested in semi-industrial scale, and after the testing period, this activity just stopped.
Other use the distillation process of granulated material, such as Union technique is (by the bottom supply resinous shale of gas retort, top removal resinous shale by gas retort) and RedLeaf (deposit on the ground and surround enormousness), be also that the expert of this subject is known.
Can find to describe the Patents for getting hydrocarbon polymer from bituminous matter resinous shale in many files, but each one in these patents all describes diverse technique and device compared with the present invention, the present invention is original creation and provides the advantage widely exceeding prior art.
U.S. Patent application US 2009/0050532 describes a kind of extractive technique (SOT---shale oil technology) of shale oil, this technology has internally fired vertical type gas retort, this vertical type gas retort is had based on the outflow of gravity, the sealing that realized by rotary valve, and the distribution of the material realized by inclination partition (drain off and disturb).
US Patent No. 4.151.047 provides a kind of device for being supplied to by bituminous matter resinous shale in a series of gas retort, wherein, each gas retort is all equipped with rotary distribution nozzle and center fed passage, and such gas retort is radially arranged relative to distribution resinous shale central authorities tower.At least one hopper is connected with center fed passage, thus makes it be associated to gas retort and relative to the longitudinal axis laterally dislocation of gas retort.In addition, conveying belt is provided, resinous shale is transferred to the hopper of each gas retort from central distributing tower.
By Brazilian Petroleum Co. Petroleo Brasileiro SA hold December 22 calendar year 2001 overdue Brazilian patent PI 8606369 to relate on device and technologic improvement to obtain oil, gas and by product from bituminous matter resinous shale and other hydrocarbon polymer impregs.That patent describes the distillation process being called as PetroSix, its gas retort used comprises: the top seal system that (a) rotates, this top seal system is made up of two devices be connected with rotating paddle, so that material is flatly delivered to another device from a device, (b) resistant to separation mechanism, this resistant to separation mechanism comprises the turner of material distribution in single position, (c) hot gas injection device, it is irregular hexagonal pipeline that this hot gas injection device comprises the six roots of sensation, pipeline and the bed crosscut remained in completely relative shell bearing, (d) discharger, this discharger is made up of annular concentric steel plate, these annular concentric steel plates are relative to each other arranged within a predetermined distance, gap between steel plate has the director in being inverted V-arrangement, for prevent material unrestricted flow, retort, this retort utilizes bed to operate to the continuous moving in the complete circular section of the doughnut-shaped steel plate of output mechanism at the top from bed, and (f) removes and bottom sealing device, this removes the scraper conveyor comprising the inclination being filled with water with bottom sealing device, and this scraper conveyor is for realizing sealing.
US Patent No. 3.519.539 relates to the oil shale distillation process implemented by vertical type gas retort, wherein, gas circulation is used in cooling zone cooling spent shale, and air mixes with gas circulation, burning in the internal combustion district (gaseous combustion) of mixture above cooling zone.
US Patent No. 4.029.220 relates to a kind of equipment for being loaded on by microparticle material in container, containing the load sharing instrument rotated in container, for the microparticle material of loading is allocated in gas retort, this means load divider can make various particle size distribution evenly, and can also provide on container height and maintain production line with required profile.This dispensing tool comprises the hopper with multiple skewed slot rigidly fixed, and the lower discharge portion of this hopper is to downward-extension, and the concentric(al) circles district of these discharge portions in production line discharges.Dispensing tool comprises the part charge being positioned at hopper junction surface place, chute according to the circle in production line ratio by material from discharge load sharing to hopper, this circle is supplied by skewed slot.Dispensing tool, when completely by (full capacity) operation when material filling being supplied, to provide the corpuscular eclipse flowing through skewed slot, thus avoids being deposited on the comparatively large of the added carrier material in a level and compared with the separation between small particle.
US Patent No. 5.041.210 relates to the oil shale distillation process relying on vertical type gas retort, and wherein, the gas re-circulation comprising produced water vapour and gas is isolated and for heating oil shale from the Exhaust Gas of gas retort.Being present in steam in gas re-circulation (by volume calculating) qualitatively at least accounts for 40%, and preferably 70%.It is on the sieve of 1/4 inch that the minimum grain size of bituminous matter resinous shale makes particulate be retained in hole.Maximum particle diameter makes particulate can pass the sieve that hole be 3 inches.
In view of the challenge of prior art, as above-mentioned summary, this patent application applicant has developed a kind of there is indirect heating source ground vertical type gas retort (100) and to be a kind ofly used for by the operation of described gas retort (100) from bituminous matter resinous shale and/or containing obtaining the gentle technique of oil the material of organic compound.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the frontview according to ground vertical type gas retort (100) of the present invention, and wherein, this ground vertical type gas retort (100) is illustrated as:
-functional central pipe (110).
-top seal (120).
-load allocating system (130).
-retort (140).
-plenum chamber (150).
-for the device (160) of the recovery of heat of waste material.
-for the dry device (170) sealed in bottom.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to by ground vertical shaft gas retort (100) of external heat, it comprises: (i) functional central pipe (110); (ii) top seal (120); (iii) load allocating system (130); (iv) retort (140), this retort (140) comprises annular bed (141), hot gas injector (144), SAPMAC method collector (145) and divider (146), and bed controls and unloading mechanism (147), wherein annular bed (141) is furnished with the loaded tubes (142) at one group of interval each other, to form the collecting chamber (143) for assembling gas and mist; (v) plenum chamber (150); (vi) for the device (160) of the recovery of heat of spent shale, this device comprises pipe network (162) and buildup hopper (161), and wherein pipe network (162) is for the recirculation of destructive distillation water and sprinkling; And (vii) is for the device (170) of bottom drying sealing.In addition, present patent application comprises described ground vertical type gas retort (100) of use by external heat from bituminous matter resinous shale and/or containing obtaining the gentle technique of oil the material of organic compound, and this technique is implemented by following steps: the supply of (a) load; The sealing of (b) load supply; (c) load sharing; The collection of (d) gas and mist and removal; E the heating of () load is with dry; F () comes from reinjecting of the air-flow of the circulating cold air in stage (i); (g) load pyrolysis; The injection of (h) hot gas cycle stream; The removal of (i) circulating cold air stream; The recovery of heat of (j) waste material; The discharge of (k) annular bed; L () circulating cold air is injected; M () SAPMAC method stream mixes with stream of water vapor; N () collects the waste material of discharge in buildup hopper; The sprinkling of (o) circulation destructive distillation water; P () to be contacted with the material of the destructive distillation be deposited in buildup hopper generation water vapour by circulation destructive distillation water, and the drying of (q) spent shale is discharged, and sealed bottom.
In an embodiment, the present invention relates to a kind of ground vertical shaft gas retort (100) of jumbo indirect heating, particularly, often operation one day is about 5,000 tonne to 10,000 tonne, this ground vertical shaft gas retort (100) comprising:
(i) functional central pipe (110), it limits destructive distillation annular bed (140), this destructive distillation annular bed (140) turning to and the collection of collected dirt in gas course of conveying and removal for circulating cold air;
(ii) top seal (120), it comprises flow valve (flow switcher) (121) and flow director/metering system (123), flow valve (121) is by the alternately batch independent hopper (122) supplied/empty with seal valve (125), alternatively, realized by the injection of rare gas element, flow director/metering system (123) is arranged in below valve and is positioned at junction surface (124) place, described controller/metering system comprises shell, buddle frame (stationary table) and be equipped with vaned turner,
(iii) load allocating system (130), this load allocating system (130) is positioned at the below of buddle frame, it is made up of a rotary distribution hopper (131), and this rotary distribution hopper (131) is divided into proportional multiple fan-shaped with the concentric endless belt (concentric annulus) in the casing that will be fed; These fan-shaped with scatter mode for tubulose skewed slot (132) feed, discharge in free height between load level face in skewed slot end and casing (134), thus material is constantly uniformly distributed in the annular space of casing, wherein, this annular space is positioned between cabinet shell and functional central pipe (110); In addition, distribution system comprises the concentric a series of partitions (133) enclosing well formula cone shape arranged around functional central pipe (110), and this series of partition is arranged between load level face in casing (134) and supply pipe assembly (142);
(iv) one group of supply pipe (142) at the interval being each other arranged in collecting chamber (143) is comprised with the retort (140) of annular bed (141), collecting chamber (143) is in gas retort shell (148) and be equipped with nozzle, wherein, between the lower end that the annular bed (141) of the granular material filled is deposited over the supply pipe (142) be spaced and bed motion mechanism (147).The bed motion mechanism (147) mentioned is arranged on the bottom of bed (141), and bed motion mechanism comprises multiple in fan-shaped radial buddle (149A), between radial buddle (149A), have gap to exist, gap in the middle of buddle is all blocked by the lid (149B) in ridged cap (top cover), this cover is bearing on one group of radial girders (149C), and described radial girders (149C) is also bearing on gas retort shell and functional central pipe (110), in addition, on buddle (149A), one group of interconnective scraper plate (149D) is driven into angle shuttle by gas retort housing exterior, hot gas injector (144) (hot gas cycle) is made up of the radial passage (144A) and circumferential pipeline (144B) being drilled with hole, radial passage (144A) and circumferential pipeline (144B) have variable square-section, it is placed in the nozzle in outside gas retort shell, and is supported in the support in functional central pipe (110), the pipeline (144Ae 144B) of insufflator (144) is also covered by the plate (144C) in ridged cap, to guide solid flow, the circulating cold air collector (145) comprising radial jacket is formed by the radial passage (145A) and circumferential pipeline (145B) with irregular pentagonal section, the bottom of circulating cold air collector is open and is positioned at below hot gas injector (144), wherein, radial passage (145A) is connected to functional central pipe (110) by nozzle, and supported by the wall of gas retort shell in relative end.Alternatively, the radial passage (145A) of circulating cold air collector (145) can be connected to the pipe of gas retort shell wall outside, and is supported in functional central pipe (110).In addition, retort (140) has circulating cold air divider (146), this circulating cold air divider (146) is formed by the radial passage being drilled with hole with irregular pentagonal section and circumferential pipeline (146A) being positioned at hot gas injector (144) top, wherein, radial passage (146B) is connected to functional central pipe (110) by nozzle, and supported by the wall of gas retort shell in its relative end, alternatively, it can be supported in functional central pipe (110), and is connected to the exterior tube of gas retort.Retort (140) is also provided with dust exhaust (112) (being driven by circulating cold air), this dust exhaust (112) is positioned in nozzle height (111) place of gas trap (145), and in the inner side of dust exhaust (112), there is the less pipe of one section of diameter, the diameter of this pipe is 40% to 90% of the diameter of functional central pipe (110), and concentric with described pipe core (110).In addition, the bottom of dust exhaust (112) is open, and its top is sealing;
(v) plenum chamber (150), this plenum chamber (150) is positioned at the bottom of moving-bed mechanism (147), it comprises the nozzle (151) in gas retort shell, this nozzle (151) entering for circulating cold air stream;
(vi) for the device (160) of the final recovery of heat of destructive distillation material, it is made up of the pipe network with shower nozzle (162), wherein, water is supplied to shower nozzle (162) by functional central pipe (110) or by gas retort shell and the conical buildup hopper (161) of enclosing well formula, pipe network is positioned at the below of freeboard, be divided into the two portions being positioned at both sides, to intersect each other; And
(vii) for the device (170) of bottom drying sealing, it is attached to the outlet of buildup hopper (161), device (170) for bottom drying sealing comprises flow measuring system (171), this flow measuring system (171) comprises buddle frame and is equipped with the turner of the blade be arranged in buildup hopper (161), alternatively, this device (170) being used for the dry sealing in bottom is also included in the water-jet of the below of described metering system (171), buddle frame, seal valve system (172), wherein, seal valve system (172) comprises valve (172), can the middle connecting parts/accumulation neck (accumulation neck) (173) of injecting inert gas alternatively, lower valve (172) and the guiding skewed slot (174) for continuous haulage system.
In substituting embodiment, present patent application also proposed one by using vertical type gas retort (100) from bituminous matter resinous shale and/or containing obtaining the gentle technique of oil the material of organic compound, and it is gentle that this technique obtains oil by execution following steps:
A (), at top seal (120) the place pre-prepd a large amount of resinous shale particulate of supply and/or the material containing organic compound, wherein, described load of preparing in advance is pulverize and classify in the intermediate range from 5mm to 100mm.
B () is sealed feed by top seal (120), thus solid is flowed into retort (140) when not having air to enter or existing gas is overflowed from inside, can be realized by rare gas element alternatively.
The uniformly distributing of (c) carried fine particles on the cross section of retort bed (140), thus avoid the separation of particulate;
D gas that () is collected and removed in the collecting chamber (143) between the supply pipe be spaced (142) and mist of oil, wherein, the removal of gas is performed by the nozzle (149) of gas retort outside;
E () to be heated load by heat exchange and dry, this heat exchange is performed with the synchronous cooling of consequent mist of oil by the contact between the mixture of the ascending gas in bed above the divider of circulating cold air and air-flow.This upwelling is made up of the mixture of hot gas flow with the air-flow produced by pyrolytic process, by the heat exchange preheating with destructive distillation load and the temperature re-injected in step (f) is the air-flow of 300 DEG C to 400 DEG C, turn to from the bed being positioned at hot gas injector (144) below;
F the air-flow of () temperature between 300 DEG C with 400 DEG C is reinjected by the same circulating cold air divider (146) being positioned at hot gas injector (144) top;
The pyrolysis of (g) load;
H the air-flow of () temperature more than 480 DEG C (hot gas cycle) is injected into the centre of bed by hot gas injector (144), to contact thus promote pyrolysis to make hot gas flow with the load of preheating;
The removal of (i) circulating cold air stream, before reaching the height implementing hot gas cycle injection, utilize circulating cold air collector (145) by making circulating cold air stream contact with destructive distillation material and by cold air stream preheating, circulating cold air collector (145) is towards described functional central pipe (110) or the pipe attaching to described gas retort housing exterior;
J () realizes the recovery of heat of destructive distillation material by path steam being mixed into SAPMAC method, wherein steam is contacted with the material of destructive distillation be deposited in buildup hopper by destructive distillation recycled water and produces;
K () discharges bed material by bed motion mechanism (147) along the cross-sectional uniformity ground of retort (140);
(1) temperature is injected plenum chamber (150) lower than the air-flow (circulating cold air) of 200 DEG C;
M () mixes mutually with the vapour stream of the water produced in buildup hopper (161);
N the bed of discharge is gathered in buildup hopper by ();
The sprinkling of (o) circulation destructive distillation water;
P () produces steam by making circulation destructive distillation water contact with the material of destructive distillation of the heat be deposited in buildup hopper (161), wherein, this contact is that the watering of the shower nozzle net (162) of top by being positioned at hopper (161) occurs; And
Q () carries out drying and sealed bottom to the material of destructive distillation of discharging, thus guarantee that the solid in buildup hopper (161) controllably flows to seal valve system (172), and flow to the guiding skewed slot (174) in continuous haulage system subsequently; If necessary, alternatively, the drying of described ejecta can use the shower nozzle of circulation destructive distillation water to carry out extra cooling.
Used for obtaining the gentle material of oil and load can be resinous shale, its derivative and/or the material containing organic compound in the process.
Technology described in the invention, namely, gas retort and device thereof and provide the innovation of a series of machinery and technique for obtaining the gentle technique of oil, these innovations improve the energy recovery be included in ore, and eliminate the demand to the outside water be supplied in gas retort.
example
for obtaining the gentle technique of oil from bituminous matter resinous shale
Be called as the distillation process of PRIX, this technique is carried out in ground vertical shaft gas retort (100) of the present invention, and comprises the steps, namely, ore is heated to temperature and is approximately 500 DEG C by the air-flow heated by outside, produces gas, oil and water vapour.By temperature for the air-flow of about 480 DEG C provides heat, this air-flow by processing gas composition, and is distributed by the cross section of radial and circumferential injector along gas retort.Gas is flowed to resinous shale along countercurrent direction and is discharged by gravity.With heating synchronously, the removal of the product that the pyrolysis that this gas facilitates resinous shale produces.The major part being injected into the cold flow in plenum chamber (150) together with the steam produced in the cooling system of spent shale is heated partially, before the height that it arrives residing for hot gas injector by flow point from system acquisition, and be diverted to the bed portion be in above hot gas injector.
In the generation of product with after removing, the resinous shale being called as now spent shale (destructive distillation) flows to the bottom of gas retort.Inject the air-flow of low temperature in the bottom of maculature sill, to make spent shale cool down, reclaim a part of heat be included in spent shale simultaneously.
---being heated by the heat reclaimed from spent shale now---is collected apparatus and removes from bed in region below hot gas flow injection phase, to be injected into the low-temperature airflow of the bottom of bed.
Then, this gas is through particle collector device, and this particle collector device can remove the most of dirt taken out of from gas retort.
After discharge dirt, gas is introduced again into top bed by distribution device.In this position, it mixes with the eluting gas from pyrolysis zone and flow to the top of bed, thus is provided for the heat of the resinous shale raw ore of drying and heating counter-current flow.
When arriving the top of bed, air-flow is collected in a room, and in the chamber, this air-flow is moved for external treatment by the nozzle in gas retort shell.After passing pyrolysis zone, the maculature rock mass declined is by the collector transmission of circulating cold air and contact with the upstream of low temperature, thus low-temperature airflow is heated up, its temperature is caused to decline gradually, control and travel mechanism until it arrives bed, the material bed of destructive distillation, by being positioned at the shuttle of the scraper plate on radial buddle, is transferred uniformly into the bottom of gas retort by this control and travel mechanism.
The spent shale cooled by low-temperature airflow through this control and travel mechanism, and is deposited in hopper, and in hopper, this spent shale is subject to by the extra cooling provided of spraying water, and wherein water is vaporized, and mixes mutually with low-temperature airflow.
When spent shale fully being cooled for the ease of processing further and transported by solid transportation device, spent shale is removed by dry discharge system and sealed bottom and is transferred in outside atmosphere.
In above-mentioned whole process, following condition is necessary, to improve the recovery ratio of oil and the thermo-efficiency in processing to greatest extent:
Particulate in resinous shale bed runs through the uniformly distributing in all gas retort cross sections, to provide the Uniform Flow of air-flow;
In load from top to its process of discharging, bed density keeps thickening a little, thus guarantees good ventilation property so that the flowing of air-flow, and can not cause excessive head loss;
In the even discharge at each position place, whole cross section moves resinous shale bed with identical speed, to guarantee that each oil shale layer has identical treatment condition;
Cool the hot gas containing the oil generated to some extent fast by the resinous shale of counter-current flow, to be provided for the oversaturated condition of gas, this formation for mist is absolutely necessary; And retaining the mist that formed by bed, this is strengthened by the circulation resulting from water vapour bottom gas retort and destructive distillation water.
top seal system
Top seal system (120) of the present invention is intended to the resinous shale load be in by median diameter in 5mm to 100mm scope and is loaded on continuously in the reactor of air inclusion, this gas is poisonous or nontoxic, is mainly: hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon polymer.
Load system alternately batch to be formed by between two hoppers.But, be that load arrives system or its flowing to gas retort inside is all lasting.
Each one in these hoppers is all configured with seal valve, and a seal valve is in inlet nozzle, and another seal valve is in outlet nozzle, and hopper receives pre-prepd resinous shale load alternatively and constantly.
Insert the device of load conveying skewed slot to hopper, this device alternately makes resinous shale from a hopper or the flowing of another hopper along the cycle.The hopper receiving load has open overhead-valve and the bottom valve of cut out.On the other hand, another hopper must have the overhead-valve of cut out and open bottom valve, thus allows resinous shale to be transferred to the inside of load casing with the flow controlled by flow measuring system.When discharge at the end of, Controlling System detects this event, and by reversion each hopper function---that is, from being loaded into unloading---command the circulation that new, vice versa.
Perform sealing, to avoid load transfer to the process gas in gas retort being outputted to air or air enters in casing by rare gas element to the controlled injection in hopper.Receive hopper and then the closedown of load, thus complete a circulation.Controlling System monitors these operations.
Hopper is positioned with the flow valve device being connected to hopper, flow valve device normally paired and install abreast.The bottom valve release flowing through a hopper of microparticle material, this microparticle material is through managing and resting on the buddle of its free path of obstruction.Ratio between the diameter of buddle, caliber and the distance between the edge of pipe and buddle are limited in advance.The rotation of turner can produce a certain amount of stream for load allocating system.
load allocating system
The fan-shaped revolving hopper with predetermined size receives load, and Load Balanced is discharged to the whole periphery of the buddle of the flow measuring system of top seal.All there is specific capacity in each fan-shaped of revolving hopper, this capacity is proportional with the ring belt area be fed.Each one in tubulose skewed slot all discharges load in the specific region of enclosing the endless belt above the conical partition of well formula.The lower end of each tubulose skewed slot all has the turning radius of suitably location, load to be entered in the endless belt of restriction.
Enclose the conical partition of well formula to be enough to cover the whole housing area limited by the material bed be formed between functional central pipe and cabinet shell.In addition, level controls to ensure that the material below the end being deposited on skewed slot can not contact skewed slot itself, thus eliminates the possibility of obstruction.
the recycle system is separated
SAPMAC method realizes by using circular functional central pipe relative to the separation of thermal cycling, the axis of circular functional central pipe and gas retort dead in line.At the At The Height of bed, that is, just below the inlet of thermal cycling,---wherein SAPMAC method is fully heated---has the collector formed by metallic radial beam, and wherein metallic radial beam is in the form and layout of enough collecting SAPMAC method stream.
Collector beam is connected to functional central pipe, makes collected gas be passed to the inside of functional central pipe by opening.When moving towards functional central pipe, the dirt driven by air-flow is removed so that removed by dirt by designed device.
SAPMAC method stream is after pyrolysis bed, and returned via the classification pipe adding hott bed for resinous shale raw ore by divider, wherein divider is physically similar to the collector mentioned.SAPMAC method is directly delivered to top bed thus all technical inconvenience avoided about making SAPMAC method stream mix with thermal cycling stream in pyrolysis zone from bottom.Alternatively, this turns to and can be performed by the pipeline of gas retort housing exterior.
the cooling system of spent shale
In the cooling system of spent shale, gas retort has interconnective hopper, this hopper receives and comes from bed and control and the spent shale of travel mechanism, this control and the spent shale of travel mechanism except shifting spent shale, also in each operation cycle by material distribution in hopper.Hopper has and irregularly encloses well formula cone shape, and these irregular conical tops of well formula of enclosing are interconnected.
Each hopper has the pipe network being equipped with water-jet all at an upper portion thereof.
Circulation destructive distillation water and spent shale contact with each other and facilitate the cooling of spent shale, and create water vapour.Rise in the existing freeboard of stream of water vapor between hopper top and output mechanism (plenum chamber), mix mutually with SAPMAC method air-flow, and risen to by maculature sill and reach SAPMAC method collector.
sealed bottom system
The discharge of resinous shale is included in not having gas and/or water vapour from its inner effusion and prevent air from entering and removes processed solia particle.
Sealed bottom system is intended to discharge the particle of size within 100mm continuously, maintains the sealing of gas retort simultaneously.Each one in nozzle on the end of hopper is equipped with two valves be separated by pipeline (neck), and these two valves all have sealing function.Above upper valve, in the inside of each hopper, flow measuring system device keeps hopper to be full in its level of control, and when the in an open position and lower valve of this valve is closed, this flow measuring system device with normal flow by material from hopper continued emissions to the pipeline (neck) between valve.When pipeline reaches its highest level, upper valve closes, lower valve is opened.
The valve of sealed bottom system is with the pattern of having programmed operation, that is, whole operating sequence is commanded by controller.
Claims (44)
1. one kind by ground (ground) vertical shaft gas retort (100) of external heat, it is characterized in that comprising:
(i) functional central pipe (110);
(ii) top seal (120);
(iii) load allocating system (130);
(iv) retort (140), described retort (140) comprises annular bed (141), hot gas injector (144), the collector (145) of SAPMAC method and divider (146), and bed controls and unloading mechanism (147), wherein said annular bed (141) is equipped with the loaded tubes (142) at one group of interval each other, to form the collecting chamber (143) for assembling gas and mist;
(v) plenum chamber (150);
(vi) for the device (160) of the recovery of heat of spent shale, described device comprises pipe network (162) and buildup hopper (161), and wherein said pipe network (162) is for the recirculation of destructive distillation water and sprinkling; And
(vii) for the device (170) of bottom drying sealing.
2. gas retort according to claim 1 (100), is characterized in that comprising large workload, and particularly, every day is 5,000 tonne to 10,000 tonne.
3. the gas retort (100) according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described functional central pipe (110) limits the destructive distillation bed (140) in endless belt shape, its turning to and the collection of collected dust in gas course of conveying and removal for circulating cold air.
4. the gas retort (100) according to claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described top seal (120) comprises flow valve (121), described flow valve (121) is by alternately batch supplying/emptying the independent hopper (122) with seal valve (125), alternatively, realized by the injection of rare gas element and the flow director/metering system (123) being positioned at junction surface (124) place be arranged on below valve.
5. gas retort according to claim 4 (100), is characterized in that, described controller/metering system (123) comprises shell, buddle frame and is equipped with vaned turner.
6. according to the gas retort (100) described in claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, described load allocating system (130) is arranged on the below of described buddle frame.
7. gas retort according to claim 6 (100), it is characterized in that, described load allocating system (130) also comprises rotary distribution hopper (131), and described rotary distribution hopper (131) is divided into the fan-shaped part proportional with the concentric region of the endless belt in casing.
8. gas retort according to claim 7 (100), it is characterized in that, described fan-shaped part with scatter mode for tubulose skewed slot (132) feed, discharge in the free height between the load level face in the end of described skewed slot and described casing (134).
9. according to the gas retort (100) described in claim 6 to 8, it is characterized in that, described load allocating system (130) comprise arrange around described functional central pipe (110) enclose the conical a series of partition (133) of well formula in concentric, described partition (133) is arranged between load level face in described casing (134) and the group of supply pipe (142).
10. according to the gas retort (100) described in claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that, described retort (140) with annular bed (141) comprises one group of supply pipe (142) at the interval being each other arranged in collecting chamber (143), described collecting chamber (143) is equipped with the nozzle of the shell (148) being positioned at described gas retort, wherein, between granular material (141) lower end that is deposited over the described supply pipe (142) be spaced and described bed motion device (147).
11. gas retorts according to claim 10 (100), it is characterized in that, the described bed motion mechanism (147) be arranged in the bottom of described bed (141) comprises multiple radial buddle (149A) in circular sector, between described radial buddle (149A), have gap to exist.
12. gas retorts according to claim 11 (100), is characterized in that the described gap in the middle of described buddle is all blocked by the lid (149B) in ridgecap shape, one group of radial girders (149C) supporting of described cover.
13. gas retorts according to claim 12 (100), is characterized in that described radial girders (149C) is by described gas retort shell and described functional central pipe (110) supporting.
14. according to claim 10 to the gas retort (100) described in 13, it is characterized in that, described bed motion mechanism (147) is also included in be interconnected with one another one group of scraper plate (149D) of buddle (149A) top, by driving scraper plate (149D) angled shuttle from gas retort housing exterior.
15. according to claim 10 to the gas retort (100) described in 14, it is characterized in that, described retort (140) also comprises hot gas injector (144) (hot gas cycle), described hot gas injector (144) is made up of the radial passage (144A) and circumferential pipeline (144B) being drilled with hole, described radial passage (144A) and circumferential pipeline (144B) have variable square-section, and pipeline to be placed in the nozzle on outside gas retort shell and to be supported by the support in described functional central pipe (110).
16. gas retorts according to claim 15 (100), it is characterized in that, the pipeline (144A and 144B) of described insufflator (144) is also covered by the plate (144C) in ridgecap shape, to guide solid flow.
17. according to claim 10 to the gas retort (100) described in 16, it is characterized in that, described retort (140) includes the circulating cold air collector (145) of radial jacket, described circulating cold air collector (145) is formed by the radial passage (145A) and circumferential pipeline (144B) with irregular pentagonal section, the bottom of described circulating cold air collector is open, and is positioned in below described hot gas injector (144).
18. gas retorts according to claim 17 (100), it is characterized in that, the described radial passage (145A) of described circulating cold air collector is connected to described functional central pipe (110) by nozzle, and is supported by the wall of described gas retort shell in relative end.
19. gas retorts according to claim 18 (100), it is characterized in that, alternatively, the described radial passage (145A) of described circulating cold air collector (145) can be connected to the pipe on described gas retort shell wall outside, and is supported by described functional central pipe (110).
20. according to claim 10 to the gas retort (100) described in 19, it is characterized in that, described retort (140) also comprises circulating cold air divider (146), described circulating cold air divider (146) is formed by the radial passage being drilled with hole with irregular pentagonal section and circumferential pipeline (146A) being positioned at described hot gas injector (144) top, wherein, described radial passage (146B) is connected to described functional central pipe (110) by nozzle, and is supported by the wall of described gas retort shell in relative end.
21. gas retorts according to claim 20 (100), it is characterized in that, alternatively, the described radial passage (146B) connected by nozzle by described functional central pipe (110) supporting, and can be connected to the pipe outside described gas retort.
22. according to claim 10 to the gas retort (100) described in 21, it is characterized in that, described retort (140) also comprises dust exhaust (112), described dust exhaust (112) is positioned in described nozzle height (111) place of described gas trap (145) together with described functional central pipe (110), and comprise the less pipe of one section of diameter in the inner side of described dust exhaust (112), the diameter of this pipe is 40% to 90% of the diameter of described functional central pipe (110), and it is concentric with described pipe core (110).
23. gas retorts according to claim 22 (100), is characterized in that, the bottom of described dust exhaust (112) is open, and its top is sealing.
24. according to the gas retort (100) described in claim 1 to 23, it is characterized in that, described plenum chamber (150) is positioned at the bottom of described moving-bed mechanism (147), its accommodating nozzle (151) be positioned on described gas retort shell, so that the entering of circulating cold air stream.
25. according to the gas retort (100) described in claim 1 to 24, it is characterized in that, device (160) for the final recovery of heat of destructive distillation material is formed by for the recirculation of destructive distillation water and the pipe network (162) of sprinkling and buildup hopper (161), wherein, described buildup hopper (161) is positioned at below freeboard, and what described device (160) was included in segmentation on both sides encloses well formula conic section, to intersect each other.
26. according to the gas retort (100) described in claim 1 to 25, it is characterized in that, device (170) for bottom drying sealing is attached to the outlet of described buildup hopper (161), it is made up of flow measuring system (171), and described flow measuring system (171) comprises buddle frame and is equipped with the turner of the blade be arranged in described buildup hopper (161).
27. gas retorts according to claim 26 (100), it is characterized in that, the described device (170) for bottom drying sealing is included in water-jet, buddle frame, the seal valve system (172) of the below of described metering system (171) alternatively, wherein, the system of described seal valve (172) comprise valve (172), can the middle connecting parts/accumulation neck (173) of injecting inert gas, lower valve (172) and the guiding skewed slot (174) for continuous haulage system.
28. 1 kinds are passed through to use the gas retort (100) as described in claim 1 to 27 from bituminous matter resinous shale and/or containing obtaining the gentle technique of oil the material of organic compound, and described technique is realized by following steps:
The supply of (a) load;
B sealing that () supplies;
(c) load sharing;
The collection of (d) gas and mist and removal;
E the heating of () load is with dry;
F () comes from reinjecting of the air-flow of the circulating cold air in stage (i);
The pyrolysis of (g) load;
The injection of (h) hot gas cycle stream;
The removal of (i) circulating cold air stream;
The recovery of heat of (j) material of destructive distillation;
The discharge of (k) annular bed;
The injection of (l) SAPMAC method stream;
M () SAPMAC method stream mixes with steam stream;
N () collects the material of the destructive distillation of discharging in buildup hopper;
The sprinkling of (o) circulation destructive distillation water;
P () to be contacted with the material of the destructive distillation be deposited in described buildup hopper generation steam by circulation destructive distillation water; And
Q () is to the dry discharge of the material of destructive distillation, and sealed bottom.
29. techniques according to claim 28, is characterized in that, the stage (a) of supplying pre-prepd load is included in pulverizing in the intermediate range between 5mm and 100mm and classification.
30. techniques according to claim 28 and 29, is characterized in that, the step (b) of sealing supply allows solid to flow into described retort (140) when not having air to enter or existing gas is overflowed from inner side.
31. techniques according to claim 30, is characterized in that, the step (b) of sealing supply comprises the application of rare gas element alternatively.
32., according to the technique described in claim 28 to 31, is characterized in that, the step (c) of load sharing comprises the uniformly distributing of carried fine particles on the cross section of described retort bed (140).
33. according to the technique described in claim 28 to 32, it is characterized in that, the step (d) collecting and remove gas and mist of oil occurs in the collecting chamber (143) between the supply pipe (142) that is spaced, wherein, the removal of gas is performed by the nozzle (149) of described gas retort outside.
34. according to the technique described in claim 28 to 33, it is characterized in that, performed with the synchronous cooling of consequent mist of oil by the contact between the mixture of the ascending gas in the bed above the divider of circulating cold air and air-flow by the step (e) of heat exchange heating and dry load.
35. techniques according to claim 34, it is characterized in that, described upwelling is made up of the mixture of hot gas flow with the air-flow produced by pyrolytic process, reflooded temperature is the air-flow of 300 DEG C to 400 DEG C by the heat exchange preheating with destructive distillation load and in step (f), turns to from the bed being positioned at described hot gas injector (144) below.
36. according to the technique described in claim 28 to 35, it is characterized in that, the reflooded step (f) of the air-flow of temperature between 300 DEG C and 400 DEG C is performed equably by the described circulating cold air divider (146) being positioned at described hot gas injector (144) top.
37. according to the technique described in claim 28 to 36, it is characterized in that, in step (h), temperature is injected into the middle part of bed at the air-flow of about 480 DEG C by hot gas injector (144), to contact thus promote pyrolysis to make hot gas flow with the load of preheating.
38. according to the technique described in claim 28 to 37, it is characterized in that, step (i) is before circulating cold air stream reaches the height of hot gas cycle injection generation, contact and preheating with destructive distillation material by making described circulating cold air stream, thus remove circulating cold air stream, described step is by carrying out towards the circulating cold air collector (145) of described functional central pipe (110) or the pipe that attaches to described gas retort housing exterior.
39. according to the technique described in claim 28 to 38, it is characterized in that, the step (j) of the recovery of heat of destructive distillation material is undertaken by being mixed into by steam in SAPMAC method path, wherein, this steam is contacted with the material of destructive distillation be deposited in buildup hopper by destructive distillation recycled water and produces.
40., according to the technique described in claim 28 to 39, is characterized in that, the step (k) of discharging bed material is performed at the whole cross-sectional uniformity of retort (140) by bed motion mechanism (147).
41., according to the technique described in claim 28 to 40, is characterized in that, implantation temperature occurs in plenum chamber (150) lower than the step (l) of the air-flow (circulating cold air) of 200 DEG C.
42. according to the technique described in claim 28 to 41, it is characterized in that, the step (p) producing steam comprises makes circulation destructive distillation water contact with the material of destructive distillation of the heat be deposited in described buildup hopper (161) and produce steam, wherein, described contact is that the watering of the shower nozzle net (162) of top by being positioned at described hopper (161) causes.
43. according to the technique described in claim 28 to 42, it is characterized in that, the drying discharge of destructive distillation material and the step (q) of sealed bottom ensure that the solid in described buildup hopper (161) controllably flows to the system of described seal valve (172), and flow to the guiding skewed slot (174) in continuous haulage system subsequently.
44. techniques according to claim 43, is characterized in that, when needed, described drying is discharged to comprise and used the shower nozzle of circulation destructive distillation water to carry out extra cooling.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BR102012009128-3A BR102012009128B1 (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2012-04-18 | VERTICAL RETURN OF SURFACE AND PROCESS FOR OBTAINING OIL AND GAS FROM PYROBETUMINOUS SHIST AND / OR MATERIALS CONTAINING ORGANIC CARBON COMPOUNDS |
| BR1020120091283 | 2012-04-18 | ||
| PCT/BR2013/000100 WO2013155578A1 (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2013-03-27 | Surface vertical retort and process to obtain oil and gas from pyro-bituminous oil shale and/ or materials containing organic carbon compounds |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104245888A true CN104245888A (en) | 2014-12-24 |
Family
ID=49382723
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380020623.9A Pending CN104245888A (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2013-03-27 | Surface vertical retort and process to obtain oil and gas from pyro-bituminous oil shale and/ or materials containing organic carbon compounds |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20150129465A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2838976A4 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104245888A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2013248949A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR102012009128B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2870361A1 (en) |
| CL (1) | CL2014002809A1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL235070A0 (en) |
| MA (1) | MA37465A1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2014145951A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013155578A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106015594A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2016-10-12 | 山东汉菱电气有限公司 | Material handling device |
| CN118222313A (en) * | 2024-05-22 | 2024-06-21 | 河南天利热工装备股份有限公司 | Oil shale granule carbonization furnace and operation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105018120B (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2018-01-16 | 中冶焦耐工程技术有限公司 | A kind of low order fine coal continuous carbonization technique and device |
| CN105838403B (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2018-06-19 | 东北电力大学 | A kind of gas heat carrier gas retort distribution device |
| CN109373949B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2020-05-19 | 中国航发南方工业有限公司 | Turbine blade positioning base manufacturing device |
| CN112029521A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-04 | 长春理工大学 | Sectional type internal combustion continuous carbonization furnace |
| CN112210396B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-02-15 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Porous medium external heating filtering type oil shale retort |
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- 2013-03-27 EP EP13778970.7A patent/EP2838976A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-03-27 RU RU2014145951A patent/RU2014145951A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-03-27 US US14/395,228 patent/US20150129465A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-03-27 MA MA37465A patent/MA37465A1/en unknown
- 2013-03-27 AU AU2013248949A patent/AU2013248949A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-03-27 CN CN201380020623.9A patent/CN104245888A/en active Pending
- 2013-03-27 CA CA2870361A patent/CA2870361A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2014145951A (en) | 2016-06-10 |
| BR102012009128B1 (en) | 2019-02-26 |
| CL2014002809A1 (en) | 2015-01-16 |
| EP2838976A4 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
| US20150129465A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
| AU2013248949A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
| WO2013155578A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
| CA2870361A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
| IL235070A0 (en) | 2014-12-31 |
| MA37465A1 (en) | 2016-04-29 |
| BR102012009128A2 (en) | 2013-11-26 |
| EP2838976A1 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
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