CN104232982A - Copper-zinc-aluminum memory alloy capable of improving hyperelastic hysteretic energy under mechanical circulation - Google Patents
Copper-zinc-aluminum memory alloy capable of improving hyperelastic hysteretic energy under mechanical circulation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides copper-zinc-aluminum memory alloy capable of improving the hyperelastic hysteretic energy under mechanical circulation, and belongs to the technical field of copper-based memory alloy preparation. The memory alloy is characterized by being prepared by the following steps: weighing the following components in percentage by weight: 26.5-27.5 percent of Zn, 4.5-5 percent of Al, 0.2-1.2 percent of compound rare earth and the balance of copper, and melting in a medium frequency induction melting furnace, and pouring to obtain ingot casting of which the diameter is phi 80*150mm; annealing the ingot casting: heating the ingot casting to 850 DEG C, insulating for 24 hours, and cooling together with the furnace; removing a dezincification layer which is 2-3mm thick on the surface of the ingot casting, performing heat preservation on the ingot casting at 850 DEG C for 0.5 hour, and forging and rolling to prepare a bar material with a size of 35*35mm; and finally carrying out three heating treatment modes to test the hyperelastic hysteretic energy of a specimen prepared from the ingot casting under mechanical circulation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to copper-based shape memory alloy preparing technical field, refer in particular to a kind of CuZnAl shape memory alloy improving super-elasticity hysteretic energy under mechanical cycles.
Background technology
Advantages such as mild steel is strong owing to having deformability, cheap and by the preferred material as energy consumer, but with the energy consumer that mild steel makes, there is initial stiffness and yielding stress low, the shortcomings such as not reproducible use.And shape memory alloy significant advantage is as follows in contrast: the energy consumption and distortion of (1) shape memory alloy dissipation energy device is occurred by material inside organization change (martensitic transformation), alloy material inside can not produce a lot of defect, fatigue property is good, its long service life, can Reusability; (2) there is the advantages such as good adaptive ability.And at present for the shape memory alloy mainly NiTi alloy of structural vibration control, but due to price (being about 10 times of Cu base marmem) and the complicated production technique of NiTi alloy costliness, seriously limit the widespread use of alloy in this and popularization.
The hysteretic energy performance of shape memory alloy and the shape memory effect of alloy and super-elasticity have direct relation, and the shape-memory properties of alloy and super-elasticity, in power cycle process, certain change all occurs.And shape memory alloy dissipation energy device in use inevitably undergos the temperature of mechanical periodicity and the effect of stress.Under such working conditions, can the mechanical performance index such as memory effect, super-elasticity of alloy keep stable, and directly affecting the hysteretic energy performance of alloy, is equally also the key issue that can CuZnAl shape memory alloy dissipation energy device practical.
The present invention develops a kind of CuZnAl shape memory alloy improving super-elasticity hysteretic energy under mechanical cycles.
Summary of the invention
The present invention develops a kind of CuZnAl shape memory alloy improving super-elasticity hysteretic energy under mechanical cycles, it is characterized by: with electrolytic copper, No. 0, zinc ingot metal, No. A00, industrial aluminium ingot, 1# electrolytic nickel, composite rare-earth modifier, (wherein Y 10 ~ 15wt%, La 10 ~ 15 wt%, Ce 8 ~ 12wt%, Tb 8 ~ 12 wt%, Nd 4 ~ 8wt%, Ni 4 ~ 8wt%, Pr 3 ~ 6wt%, Sc+Eu+Gd+Ho+Er+Tm+Lu are for 10 ~ 20wt%, Ti 2 ~ 5wt%, B 2 ~ 5wt%, Yu Weitong.) be raw material.Composition counts by weight percentage, and namely Zn26.5 ~ 27.5wt%, Al4.5 ~ 5 wt %, compound rare-earth 0.2 ~ 1.2 wt %, surplus are meltings in medium frequency induction melting furnace after the ratio of copper is weighed.Melting technology is: first add preheated electrolytic copper, zinc ingot metal, aluminium ingot, period will be spread and be accounted for the covering of weight alloy 0.3wt% borax, after material all melts, be warming up to 1250 DEG C of employings and pour method and add composite rare-earth modifier, pour into the ingot casting that diameter is φ 80 × 150mm.Anneal is heated to 830 DEG C ~ 850 DEG C insulations furnace cooling after 24 hours, then removes the dezincify layer of surface 2 ~ 3mm, then forged after 0.5 hour 830 DEG C ~ 850 DEG C insulations, be rolled into the bar of 35 × 35mm by ingot casting.Then following three kinds of heat treatment modes are taked:
1, shrend adds timeliness, and namely 830 ~ 850 DEG C of insulations are quenched in room temperature water in 0.5 hour, and then in the holding furnace of 140 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, ageing treatment took out air cooling to room temperature after 2 hours;
2, oil quenching adds timeliness, and namely 830 ~ 850 DEG C of insulations are quenched in room temperature machine oil for 0.5 hour, and then in the holding furnace of 140 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, ageing treatment took out air cooling to room temperature after 2 hours;
3, marquenching, namely 830 ~ 850 DEG C of insulations are quenched in 140 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C machine oil for 0.5 hour, then are incubated 0.5 hour and quench in room temperature water, and then in the holding furnace of 140 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, ageing treatment took out air cooling to room temperature after 2 hours.
Employing aforesaid method obtains the CuZnAl shape memory alloy that Ms is-20 DEG C ± 6 DEG C.Mechanical cycles refers to that alloy carries out the process of stress-induced martensitic phase transformation in the above temperature reverse cyclic loadings of Ms point, unloading.Mechanical cycles sample is of a size of: 250mm × 15mm × 0.2mm, and effective tensile elongation of sample is 210mm.Load the cu-zn-al alloy through different heat treatment, unload when pulling force arrives 800N, sample relies on its super-elasticity to automatically restore to original state.The process of a loading-unloading-reply, for be once out of shape, repeats this process repeatedly, the stress-strain(ed) curve after each circulation of record.WDW-200 type microcomputer controlled electro minor universal testing machine is utilized to test the hysteresis loop of memorial alloy.Samples all before testing all carries out the preliminary draft that deflection is 1%, and test force maximum in process of the test is 800N.Alloy hysteresis loop surround area size reflect the quality of alloy Hysteresis Behavior, thus the size of reflect alloy energy-dissipating property.
accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shrend adds the hysteresis loop repeatedly after " mechanical cycles " of memorial alloy after aging strengthening model
Fig. 2 oil quenching adds the hysteresis loop repeatedly after " mechanical cycles " of memorial alloy after aging strengthening model
The hysteresis loop of memorial alloy repeatedly after " mechanical cycles " after Fig. 3 marquenching thermal treatment
embodiment
embodiment 1
With electrolytic copper, No. 0, zinc ingot metal, No. A00, industrial aluminium ingot, 1# electrolytic nickel, composite rare-earth modifier, (wherein Y 10 ~ 15wt%, La 10 ~ 15 wt%, Ce 8 ~ 12wt%, Tb 8 ~ 12 wt%, Nd 4 ~ 8wt%, Ni 4 ~ 8wt%, Pr 3 ~ 6wt%, Sc+Eu+Gd+Ho+Er+Tm+Lu are for 10 ~ 20wt%, Ti 2 ~ 5wt%, B 2 ~ 5wt%, Yu Weitong.) be raw material.Composition counts by weight percentage, and namely Zn26.5 ~ 27.5wt%, Al4.5 ~ 5 wt %, compound rare-earth 0.2 ~ 1.2 wt %, surplus are meltings in medium frequency induction melting furnace after the ratio of copper is weighed.Melting technology is: first add preheated electrolytic copper, zinc ingot metal, aluminium ingot, period will be spread and be accounted for the covering of weight alloy 0.3wt% borax, after material all melts, be warming up to 1250 DEG C of employings and pour method and add composite rare-earth modifier, pour into the ingot casting that diameter is φ 80 × 150mm.Anneal is heated to 830 DEG C ~ 850 DEG C insulations furnace cooling after 24 hours, then removes the dezincify layer of surface 2 ~ 3mm, then forged after 0.5 hour 830 DEG C ~ 850 DEG C insulations, be rolled into the bar of 35 × 35mm by ingot casting.Mechanical cycles sample is of a size of: 250mm × 15mm × 0.2mm, and effective tensile elongation of sample is 210mm.To not having heat treated cu-zn-al alloy to load, unload when pulling force arrives 800N, sample relies on its super-elasticity to automatically restore to original state.The process of a loading-unloading-reply, for be once out of shape, repeats this process repeatedly, the stress-strain(ed) curve after each circulation of record.WDW-200 type microcomputer controlled electro minor universal testing machine is utilized to test the hysteresis loop of memorial alloy.Samples all before testing all carries out the preliminary draft that deflection is 1%, and test force maximum in process of the test is 800N.Alloy hysteresis loop surround area size reflect the quality of alloy Hysteresis Behavior, thus the size of reflect alloy energy-dissipating property.
embodiment 2
With electrolytic copper, No. 0, zinc ingot metal, No. A00, industrial aluminium ingot, 1# electrolytic nickel, composite rare-earth modifier, (wherein Y 10 ~ 15wt%, La 10 ~ 15 wt%, Ce 8 ~ 12wt%, Tb 8 ~ 12 wt%, Nd 4 ~ 8wt%, Ni 4 ~ 8wt%, Pr 3 ~ 6wt%, Sc+Eu+Gd+Ho+Er+Tm+Lu are for 10 ~ 20wt%, Ti 2 ~ 5wt%, B 2 ~ 5wt%, Yu Weitong.) be raw material.Composition counts by weight percentage, and namely Zn26.5 ~ 27.5wt%, Al4.5 ~ 5 wt %, compound rare-earth 0.2 ~ 1.2 wt %, surplus are meltings in medium frequency induction melting furnace after the ratio of copper is weighed.Melting technology is: first add preheated electrolytic copper, zinc ingot metal, aluminium ingot, period will be spread and be accounted for the covering of weight alloy 0.3wt% borax, after material all melts, be warming up to 1250 DEG C of employings and pour method and add composite rare-earth modifier, pour into the ingot casting that diameter is φ 80 × 150mm.Anneal is heated to 830 DEG C ~ 850 DEG C insulations furnace cooling after 24 hours, then removes the dezincify layer of surface 2 ~ 3mm, then forged after 0.5 hour 830 DEG C ~ 850 DEG C insulations, be rolled into the bar of 35 × 35mm by ingot casting.Then take shrend to add the heat treating method of timeliness, namely 830 ~ 850 DEG C of insulations are quenched in room temperature water in 0.5 hour, and then in the holding furnace of 140 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, ageing treatment took out air cooling to room temperature after 2 hours.Obtain the CuZnAl shape memory alloy that Ms is-20 DEG C ± 6 DEG C.Mechanical cycles refers to that alloy carries out the process of stress-induced martensitic phase transformation in the above temperature reverse cyclic loadings of Ms point, unloading.Mechanical cycles sample is of a size of: 250mm × 15mm × 0.2mm, and effective tensile elongation of sample is 210mm.Load through heat treated cu-zn-al alloy, unload when pulling force arrives 800N, sample relies on its super-elasticity to automatically restore to original state.The process of a loading-unloading-reply, for be once out of shape, repeats this process repeatedly, the stress-strain(ed) curve after each circulation of record.WDW-200 type microcomputer controlled electro minor universal testing machine is utilized to test the hysteresis loop of memorial alloy.Samples all before testing all carries out the preliminary draft that deflection is 1%, and test force maximum in process of the test is 800N.Alloy hysteresis loop surround area size reflect the quality of alloy Hysteresis Behavior, thus the size of reflect alloy energy-dissipating property, as shown in Figure 1.
embodiment 3
With electrolytic copper, No. 0, zinc ingot metal, No. A00, industrial aluminium ingot, 1# electrolytic nickel, composite rare-earth modifier, (wherein Y 10 ~ 15wt%, La 10 ~ 15 wt%, Ce 8 ~ 12wt%, Tb 8 ~ 12 wt%, Nd 4 ~ 8wt%, Ni 4 ~ 8wt%, Pr 3 ~ 6wt%, Sc+Eu+Gd+Ho+Er+Tm+Lu are for 10 ~ 20wt%, Ti 2 ~ 5wt%, B 2 ~ 5wt%, Yu Weitong.) be raw material.Composition counts by weight percentage, and namely Zn26.5 ~ 27.5wt%, Al4.5 ~ 5 wt %, compound rare-earth 0.2 ~ 1.2 wt %, surplus are meltings in medium frequency induction melting furnace after the ratio of copper is weighed.Melting technology is: first add preheated electrolytic copper, zinc ingot metal, aluminium ingot, period will be spread and be accounted for the covering of weight alloy 0.3wt% borax, after material all melts, be warming up to 1250 DEG C of employings and pour method and add composite rare-earth modifier, pour into the ingot casting that diameter is φ 80 × 150mm.Anneal is heated to 830 DEG C ~ 850 DEG C insulations furnace cooling after 24 hours, then removes the dezincify layer of surface 2 ~ 3mm, then forged after 0.5 hour 830 DEG C ~ 850 DEG C insulations, be rolled into the bar of 35 × 35mm by ingot casting.Then take oil quenching to add the heat treating method of timeliness, namely 830 ~ 850 DEG C of insulations are quenched in room temperature machine oil for 0.5 hour, and then in the holding furnace of 140 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, ageing treatment took out air cooling to room temperature after 2 hours.Obtain the CuZnAl shape memory alloy that Ms is-20 DEG C ± 6 DEG C.Mechanical cycles refers to that alloy carries out the process of stress-induced martensitic phase transformation in the above temperature reverse cyclic loadings of Ms point, unloading.Mechanical cycles sample is of a size of: 250mm × 15mm × 0.2mm, and effective tensile elongation of sample is 210mm.Load through heat treated cu-zn-al alloy, unload when pulling force arrives 800N, sample relies on its super-elasticity to automatically restore to original state.The process of a loading-unloading-reply, for be once out of shape, repeats this process repeatedly, the stress-strain(ed) curve after each circulation of record.WDW-200 type microcomputer controlled electro minor universal testing machine is utilized to test the hysteresis loop of memorial alloy.Samples all before testing all carries out the preliminary draft that deflection is 1%, and test force maximum in process of the test is 800N.Alloy hysteresis loop surround area size reflect the quality of alloy Hysteresis Behavior, thus the size of reflect alloy energy-dissipating property, as shown in Figure 3.
embodiment 4
With electrolytic copper, No. 0, zinc ingot metal, No. A00, industrial aluminium ingot, 1# electrolytic nickel, composite rare-earth modifier, (wherein Y 10 ~ 15wt%, La 10 ~ 15 wt%, Ce 8 ~ 12wt%, Tb 8 ~ 12 wt%, Nd 4 ~ 8wt%, Ni 4 ~ 8wt%, Pr 3 ~ 6wt%, Sc+Eu+Gd+Ho+Er+Tm+Lu are for 10 ~ 20wt%, Ti 2 ~ 5wt%, B 2 ~ 5wt%, Yu Weitong.) be raw material.Composition counts by weight percentage, and namely Zn26.5 ~ 27.5wt%, Al4.5 ~ 5 wt %, compound rare-earth 0.2 ~ 1.2 wt %, surplus are meltings in medium frequency induction melting furnace after the ratio of copper is weighed.Melting technology is: first add preheated electrolytic copper, zinc ingot metal, aluminium ingot, period will be spread and be accounted for the covering of weight alloy 0.3wt% borax, after material all melts, be warming up to 1250 DEG C of employings and pour method and add composite rare-earth modifier, pour into the ingot casting that diameter is φ 80 × 150mm.Anneal is heated to 830 DEG C ~ 850 DEG C insulations furnace cooling after 24 hours, then removes the dezincify layer of surface 2 ~ 3mm, then forged after 0.5 hour 830 DEG C ~ 850 DEG C insulations, be rolled into the bar of 35 × 35mm by ingot casting.Then the heat treating method of marquenching is taked, namely 830 ~ 850 DEG C of insulations are quenched in 140 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C machine oil for 0.5 hour, being incubated 0.5 hour again quenches in room temperature water, and then in the holding furnace of 140 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, ageing treatment took out air cooling to room temperature after 2 hours.Obtain the CuZnAl shape memory alloy that Ms is-20 DEG C ± 6 DEG C.Mechanical cycles refers to that alloy carries out the process of stress-induced martensitic phase transformation in the above temperature reverse cyclic loadings of Ms point, unloading.Mechanical cycles sample is of a size of: 250mm × 15mm × 0.2mm, and effective tensile elongation of sample is 210mm.Load through heat treated cu-zn-al alloy, unload when pulling force arrives 800N, sample relies on its super-elasticity to automatically restore to original state.The process of a loading-unloading-reply, for be once out of shape, repeats this process repeatedly, the stress-strain(ed) curve after each circulation of record.WDW-200 type microcomputer controlled electro minor universal testing machine is utilized to test the hysteresis loop of memorial alloy.Samples all before testing all carries out the preliminary draft that deflection is 1%, and test force maximum in process of the test is 800N.Alloy hysteresis loop surround area size reflect the quality of alloy Hysteresis Behavior, thus the size of reflect alloy energy-dissipating property, as shown in Figure 3.
Claims (3)
1. one kind is improved the CuZnAl shape memory alloy of super-elasticity hysteretic energy under mechanical cycles, it is characterized by: with electrolytic copper, No. 0, zinc ingot metal, No. A00, industrial aluminium ingot, 1# electrolytic nickel, composite rare-earth modifier, wherein Y 10 ~ 15wt%, La 10 ~ 15 wt%, Ce 8 ~ 12wt%, Tb 8 ~ 12 wt%, Nd 4 ~ 8wt%, Ni 4 ~ 8wt%, Pr 3 ~ 6wt%, Sc+Eu+Gd+Ho+Er+Tm+Lu are 10 ~ 20wt%, Ti 2 ~ 5wt%, B 2 ~ 5wt%, Yu Weitong is raw material; Composition counts by weight percentage, and namely Zn26.5 ~ 27.5wt%, Al4.5 ~ 5 wt %, compound rare-earth 0.2 ~ 1.2 wt %, surplus are meltings in medium frequency induction melting furnace after the ratio of copper is weighed; Melting technology is: first add preheated electrolytic copper, zinc ingot metal, aluminium ingot, period will be spread and be accounted for the covering of weight alloy 0.3wt% borax, after material all melts, be warming up to 1250 DEG C of employings and pour method and add composite rare-earth modifier, pour into the ingot casting that diameter is φ 80 × 150mm; Anneal be heated to 830 DEG C ~ 850 DEG C insulation 24 hours after furnace cooling, then the dezincify layer of surface 2 ~ 3mm is removed, again ingot casting is forged, is rolled into the bar of 35 × 35mm after 0.5 hour 830 DEG C ~ 850 DEG C insulations, then three kinds of mode process are taked respectively: 1, shrend adds timeliness, namely 830 ~ 850 DEG C of insulations are quenched in room temperature water in 0.5 hour, and then in the holding furnace of 140 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, ageing treatment took out air cooling to room temperature after 2 hours; 2, oil quenching adds timeliness, and namely 830 ~ 850 DEG C of insulations are quenched in room temperature machine oil for 0.5 hour, and then in the holding furnace of 140 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, ageing treatment took out air cooling to room temperature after 2 hours; 3, marquenching, namely 830 ~ 850 DEG C of insulations are quenched in 140 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C machine oil for 0.5 hour, being incubated 0.5 hour again quenches in room temperature water, and then in the holding furnace of 140 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, ageing treatment took out air cooling to room temperature after 2 hours, obtains the CuZnAl shape memory alloy that Ms is-20 DEG C ± 6 DEG C; Mechanical cycles refers to that alloy carries out the process of stress-induced martensitic phase transformation in the above temperature reverse cyclic loadings of Ms point, unloading; Mechanical cycles sample is of a size of: 250mm × 15mm × 0.2mm, effective tensile elongation of sample is 210mm, load the cu-zn-al alloy through different heat treatment, unload when pulling force arrives 800N, sample relies on its super-elasticity to automatically restore to original state; The process of a loading-unloading-reply, for be once out of shape, repeats this process repeatedly, the stress-strain(ed) curve after each circulation of record; WDW-200 type microcomputer controlled electro minor universal testing machine is utilized to test the hysteresis loop of memorial alloy; Samples all before testing all carries out the preliminary draft that deflection is 1%, and test force maximum in process of the test is 800N; Alloy hysteresis loop surround area size reflect the quality of alloy Hysteresis Behavior, thus the size of reflect alloy energy-dissipating property.
2. a kind of CuZnAl shape memory alloy improving super-elasticity hysteretic energy under mechanical cycles according to claim 1, after taking oil quenching to add ageing treatment, the stability of memorial alloy hysteretic energy performance is best.
3. a kind of CuZnAl shape memory alloy improving super-elasticity hysteretic energy under mechanical cycles according to claim 1, no matter add timeliness through shrend, oil quenching adds timeliness or marquenching process, along with the increase of cycle index, the hysteresis loop area of memorial alloy tends towards stability value.
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| CN109913764A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-06-21 | 四川大学 | A method of improving ferrimanganic alumel memory performance stability |
| CN110016543A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-16 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | A kind of enhancing Ni47Ti44Nb9The method of alloy pipe joint shape-memory properties |
| CN111360267A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-03 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for optimizing mechanical property of aluminum alloy member based on SLM (selective laser melting) process |
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| CN111360267A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-03 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for optimizing mechanical property of aluminum alloy member based on SLM (selective laser melting) process |
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Application publication date: 20141224 |