CN103255314A - Copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy with improved frictional wear resistance - Google Patents
Copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy with improved frictional wear resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN103255314A CN103255314A CN2013102209110A CN201310220911A CN103255314A CN 103255314 A CN103255314 A CN 103255314A CN 2013102209110 A CN2013102209110 A CN 2013102209110A CN 201310220911 A CN201310220911 A CN 201310220911A CN 103255314 A CN103255314 A CN 103255314A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy with improved frictional wear resistance, belonging to the technical field of copper-based shape memory alloy preparation. The copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy is characterized by being prepared by the following steps of: melting in a medium-frequency induction melting furnace by taking electrolytic copper, zinc ingot 0, industrial aluminum ingot A00, No.1 electrolytic nickel and composite rare-earth alterant as raw materials; pouring into an ingot casting with the diameter of 80mm and the length of 250mm after melting; uniform annealing treatment: heating to 820 DEG C, keeping the temperature for 24h, then cooling along with the furnace, removing a 2-3mm dezincification layer on the surface, and then, forging the ingot casting into a bar with the diameter of 35mm and the length of 35mm after keeping the temperature of 850 DEG C for half an hour; water quenching and ageing treatment or oil quenching and ageing treatment: carrying out solution treatment at the temperature of 800 DEG C for 60min, then immediately quenching the ingot casting into room-temperature water or oil, placing the ingot casting into boiling water to be subjected to ageing treatment for 30min after cooling, then taking out the ingot casting, and carrying out air cooling on the ingot casting; and testing the mechanical properties and frictional wear resistance of a sample prepared by using the ingot casting.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the copper-based shape memory alloy preparing technical field, refer in particular to a kind of copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy that improves friction and wear behavior.
Background technology
No matter shape memory alloy still on the application of material and element all continuous is opened up and development in production technique, is applied to fields such as national defence, automobile, machinery, the energy, traffic and biology rapidly.The Cu base marmem is domestic and international in the past two one of new function materials of active research and exploitation during the last ten years, finds to have good shape memory effect at tens of kinds of copper base alloys such as Cu-Zn, Cu-Zn-Al, Cu-Sn, Cu-Al-Ni, Cu-Al-Be, Cu-Sn-Si, Cu-Zn-Ga at present.What research at most also had been applied in copper-based shape memory alloy is Cu-Zn-Al and Cu-Al-Ni alloy.Copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy is as having most one of alloy of practical value in the copper-based memory alloy, it is simple to have production technique, with low cost (price only for Ni-Ti be alloy 1/10th), good memory performance (being only second to Ni-Ti is alloy) is arranged, its transformation temperature can be regulated in-100 ℃～300 ℃ scopes, and application prospect is boundless.As a kind of practicality material, to be the relaxation phenomenon, thermal cycling of alloy double-pass memory performance had a strong impact on the use properties of this alloy under hot-cool environment to the influence of shape memory effect, thermo-elastic martensite stabilization etc. to the problem that copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy receives much attention, limited its range of application greatly, wanting the subject matter that the broadened application scope need solve is to improve plasticity, improves shape memory effect to the problems such as stability of thermal cycling and repeated deformation.Therefore, the copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy of researching and developing novel thermal fatigue property excellence is significant.
The present invention develops a kind of copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy that improves friction and wear behavior.
Summary of the invention
The present invention develops a kind of copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy that improves friction and wear behavior, it is characterized by: being raw material with electrolytic copper, No. 0, zinc ingot metal, industrial aluminium ingot A00 number, 1# electrolytic nickel, composite rare-earth modifier (wherein La48-52wt%, Ce48-52wt%), is the back melting in medium frequency induction melting furnace of weighing of the ratio of Cu in Zn25.5-26.5wt%, Al3.5-4wt%, Ni0.8-1.2wt%, compound rare-earth 0.06-0.1wt%, surplus.Melting technology is: add electrolytic copper, electrolytic nickel, zinc ingot metal, aluminium ingot, during to spread and account for weight alloy and be that the 0.2wt% borax covers, treat that material is all after the fusing, be warming up to 1280 ℃ of employings and pour method adding composite rare-earth modifier, pour into the ingot casting that diameter is φ 80 * 250mm after the melting.It is to be heated to 820 ℃ of insulations furnace cooling after 24 hours that homogenizing annealing is handled, and removes the dezincify layer of surperficial 2-3mm then, ingot casting is forged into the bar of 35 * 35mm after 850 ℃ of insulation half an hour again.Following two kinds of modes are adopted in thermal treatment, and the one, carry out shrend and add timeliness, the 2nd, oil quenching adds the processing of timeliness, i.e. and 800 ℃ of solution treatment are quenched after 60 minutes in room temperature water or the room temperature oil immediately, put into the boiling water ageing treatment after cooling again and take out air cooling after 30 minutes.The friction and wear behavior of the copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy material of this method preparation is significantly improved.
Bar is processed into the national standard coupon, and the room temperature tensile Mechanics Performance Testing is carried out at WE-10 type fluid pressure type stretching experiment machine.Take a sample at bar, go out the frictional wear sample by the line cutting processing, the frictional wear sample is circular, concrete size: external diameter Φ 50 mm, endoporus Φ 10 mm, ring thickness 8mm.The same to mill part size, material is the 45# steel, hardness 50-54HRC.Frictional wear is to carry out at homemade MM-2000 type pin disc type trier.Abrasion loss is with of poor quality measurement the before and after the sample wearing and tearing, and the MAll0 electronic analytical balance is adopted in weighing, and precision is 0.0001g.The frictional wear type is the oil lubrication frictional wear, and used lubricating oil is 46# machine oil, and oil dripping speed is 30 per minutes.Each sample carries out the pre-running-in of 30min earlier before beginning test, measures original weight after running-in finishes, and is loaded on the wearing test that predetermined load is carried out the scheduled time then.After friction-wear test finishes, sample with acetone ultrasonic cleaning 30min, is measured the weight of sample again, and calculated the abrasion loss (wear weight loss) of sample.Sample and all will clean with acetone the mill part before each test will be ground to No. 1200 with sand paper the mill part before the test next time after each test, when preventing from testing the surfaceness of grinding part is changed next time.In the experiment, steel loop rotating speed 200r/min, copper ring rotating speed 180r/min, relative sliding velocity 0.05236m/s.
Description of drawings
The variation of the copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy abrasion loss of different heat treatment state during Fig. 1 load 200N
The variation of the copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy abrasion loss of different heat treatment state during Fig. 2 load 400N
The variation of the copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy abrasion loss of different heat treatment state during Fig. 3 load 600N
The variation of the copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy abrasion loss of different heat treatment state during Fig. 4 load 800N.
Embodiment
Being raw material with electrolytic copper, No. 0, zinc ingot metal, industrial aluminium ingot A00 number, 1# electrolytic nickel, composite rare-earth modifier (wherein La48-52wt%, Ce48-52wt%), is the back melting in medium frequency induction melting furnace of weighing of the ratio of Cu in Zn25.5-26.5wt%, Al3.5-4wt%, Ni0.8-1.2wt%, compound rare-earth 0.06-0.1wt%, surplus.Melting technology is: add electrolytic copper, electrolytic nickel, zinc ingot metal, aluminium ingot, during to spread and account for weight alloy and be that the 0.2wt% borax covers, treat that material is all after the fusing, be warming up to 1280 ℃ of employings and pour method adding composite rare-earth modifier, pour into the ingot casting that diameter is φ 80 * 250mm after the melting.It is to be heated to 820 ℃ of insulations furnace cooling after 24 hours that homogenizing annealing is handled, and removes the dezincify layer of surperficial 2-3mm then, ingot casting is forged into the bar of 35 * 35mm after 850 ℃ of insulation half an hour again.Bar is processed into the national standard coupon, and the room temperature tensile Mechanics Performance Testing is carried out at WE-10 type fluid pressure type stretching experiment machine.After handling, this processing method records memorial alloy tensile strength 520.4MPa, elongation 7.5wt%, microhardness 126.7HV.Take a sample at bar, go out the frictional wear sample by the line cutting processing, the frictional wear sample is circular, concrete size: external diameter Φ 50 mm, endoporus Φ 10 mm, ring thickness 8mm.The same to mill part size, material is the 45# steel, hardness 50-54HRC.Frictional wear is to carry out at homemade MM-2000 type pin disc type trier.Abrasion loss is with of poor quality measurement the before and after the sample wearing and tearing, and the MAll0 electronic analytical balance is adopted in weighing, and precision is 0.0001g.The frictional wear type is the oil lubrication frictional wear, and used lubricating oil is 46# machine oil, and oil dripping speed is 30 per minutes.Each sample carries out the pre-running-in of 30min earlier before beginning test, measures original weight after running-in finishes, and is loaded on the wearing test that predetermined load is carried out the scheduled time then.After friction-wear test finishes, sample with acetone ultrasonic cleaning 30min, is measured the weight of sample again, and calculated the abrasion loss (wear weight loss) of sample.Sample and all will clean with acetone the mill part before each test will be ground to No. 1200 with sand paper the mill part before the test next time after each test, when preventing from testing the surfaceness of grinding part is changed next time.In the experiment, steel loop rotating speed 200r/min, copper ring rotating speed 180r/min, relative sliding velocity 0.05236m/s.Sample marking is as cast condition, and friction and wear behavior as shown in Figures 1 to 4.
Being raw material with electrolytic copper, No. 0, zinc ingot metal, industrial aluminium ingot A00 number, 1# electrolytic nickel, composite rare-earth modifier (wherein La48-52wt%, Ce48-52wt%), is the back melting in medium frequency induction melting furnace of weighing of the ratio of Cu in Zn25.5-26.5wt%, Al3.5-4wt%, Ni0.8-1.2wt%, compound rare-earth 0.06-0.1wt%, surplus.Melting technology is: add electrolytic copper, electrolytic nickel, zinc ingot metal, aluminium ingot, during to spread and account for weight alloy and be that the 0.2wt% borax covers, treat that material is all after the fusing, be warming up to 1280 ℃ of employings and pour method adding composite rare-earth modifier, pour into the ingot casting that diameter is φ 80 * 250mm after the melting.It is to be heated to 820 ℃ of insulations furnace cooling after 24 hours that homogenizing annealing is handled, and removes the dezincify layer of surperficial 2-3mm then, ingot casting is forged into the bar of 35 * 35mm after 850 ℃ of insulation half an hour again.Carry out shrend then and add timeliness and handle, i.e. 800 ℃ of solution treatment are quenched after 60 minutes in the room temperature water immediately, put into the boiling water ageing treatment after cooling again and take out air cooling after 30 minutes.Bar is processed into the national standard coupon, and the room temperature tensile Mechanics Performance Testing is carried out at WE-10 type fluid pressure type stretching experiment machine.After handling, this processing method records memorial alloy tensile strength 690.6MPa, elongation 12.9wt%, microhardness 167.7HV.Take a sample at bar, go out the frictional wear sample by the line cutting processing, the frictional wear sample is circular, concrete size: external diameter Φ 50 mm, endoporus Φ 10 mm, ring thickness 8mm.The same to mill part size, material is the 45# steel, hardness 50-54HRC.Frictional wear is to carry out at homemade MM-2000 type pin disc type trier.Abrasion loss is with of poor quality measurement the before and after the sample wearing and tearing, and the MAll0 electronic analytical balance is adopted in weighing, and precision is 0.0001g.The frictional wear type is the oil lubrication frictional wear, and used lubricating oil is 46# machine oil, and oil dripping speed is 30 per minutes.Each sample carries out the pre-running-in of 30min earlier before beginning test, measures original weight after running-in finishes, and is loaded on the wearing test that predetermined load is carried out the scheduled time then.After friction-wear test finishes, sample with acetone ultrasonic cleaning 30min, is measured the weight of sample again, and calculated the abrasion loss (wear weight loss) of sample.Sample and all will clean with acetone the mill part before each test will be ground to No. 1200 with sand paper the mill part before the test next time after each test, when preventing from testing the surfaceness of grinding part is changed next time.In the experiment, steel loop rotating speed 200r/min, copper ring rotating speed 180r/min, relative sliding velocity 0.05236m/s.Sample marking is shrend+timeliness, and friction and wear behavior as shown in Figures 1 to 4.
Embodiment 3
Being raw material with electrolytic copper, No. 0, zinc ingot metal, industrial aluminium ingot A00 number, 1# electrolytic nickel, composite rare-earth modifier (wherein La48-52wt%, Ce48-52wt%), is the back melting in medium frequency induction melting furnace of weighing of the ratio of Cu in Zn25.5-26.5wt%, Al3.5-4wt%, Ni0.8-1.2wt%, compound rare-earth 0.06-0.1wt%, surplus.Melting technology is: add electrolytic copper, electrolytic nickel, zinc ingot metal, aluminium ingot, during to spread and account for weight alloy and be that the 0.2wt% borax covers, treat that material is all after the fusing, be warming up to 1280 ℃ of employings and pour method adding composite rare-earth modifier, pour into the ingot casting that diameter is φ 80 * 250mm after the melting.It is to be heated to 820 ℃ of insulations furnace cooling after 24 hours that homogenizing annealing is handled, and removes the dezincify layer of surperficial 2-3mm then, ingot casting is forged into the bar of 35 * 35mm after 850 ℃ of insulation half an hour again.Carry out oil quenching then and add timeliness and handle, i.e. 800 ℃ of solution treatment are quenched after 60 minutes in the room temperature oil immediately, put into the boiling water ageing treatment after cooling again and take out air cooling after 30 minutes.Bar is processed into the national standard coupon, and the room temperature tensile Mechanics Performance Testing is carried out at WE-10 type fluid pressure type stretching experiment machine.After handling, this processing method records memorial alloy tensile strength 750.2MPa, elongation 13.2wt%, microhardness 156.2HV.Take a sample at bar, go out the frictional wear sample by the line cutting processing, the frictional wear sample is circular, concrete size: external diameter Φ 50 mm, endoporus Φ 10 mm, ring thickness 8mm.The same to mill part size, material is the 45# steel, hardness 50-54HRC.Frictional wear is to carry out at homemade MM-2000 type pin disc type trier.Abrasion loss is with of poor quality measurement the before and after the sample wearing and tearing, and the MAll0 electronic analytical balance is adopted in weighing, and precision is 0.0001g.The frictional wear type is the oil lubrication frictional wear, and used lubricating oil is 46# machine oil, and oil dripping speed is 30 per minutes.Each sample carries out the pre-running-in of 30min earlier before beginning test, measures original weight after running-in finishes, and is loaded on the wearing test that predetermined load is carried out the scheduled time then.After friction-wear test finishes, sample with acetone ultrasonic cleaning 30min, is measured the weight of sample again, and calculated the abrasion loss (wear weight loss) of sample.Sample and all will clean with acetone the mill part before each test will be ground to No. 1200 with sand paper the mill part before the test next time after each test, when preventing from testing the surfaceness of grinding part is changed next time.In the experiment, steel loop rotating speed 200r/min, copper ring rotating speed 180r/min, relative sliding velocity 0.05236m/s.Sample marking is oil quenching+timeliness, and friction and wear behavior as shown in Figures 1 to 4.
Claims (3)
1. copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy that improves friction and wear behavior, it is characterized by: with electrolytic copper, No. 0, zinc ingot metal, industrial aluminium ingot A00 number, 1# electrolytic nickel, composite rare-earth modifier, wherein La48-52wt%, Ce48-52wt% are raw material, are the back meltings in medium frequency induction melting furnace of weighing of the ratio of Cu in Zn25.5-26.5wt%, Al3.5-4wt%, Ni0.8-1.2wt%, compound rare-earth 0.06-0.1wt%, surplus; Melting technology is: add electrolytic copper, electrolytic nickel, zinc ingot metal, aluminium ingot, during to spread and account for weight alloy and be that the 0.2wt% borax covers, treat that material is all after the fusing, be warming up to 1280 ℃ of employings and pour method adding composite rare-earth modifier, pour into the ingot casting that diameter is φ 80 * 250mm after the melting; It is to be heated to 820 ℃ of insulations furnace cooling after 24 hours that homogenizing annealing is handled, and removes the dezincify layer of surperficial 2-3mm then, ingot casting is forged into the bar of 35 * 35mm after 850 ℃ of insulation half an hour again; Following two kinds of modes are adopted in thermal treatment, and the one, carry out shrend and add timeliness, the 2nd, oil quenching adds the processing of timeliness, i.e. and 800 ℃ of solution treatment are quenched after 60 minutes in room temperature water or the room temperature oil immediately, put into the boiling water ageing treatment after cooling again and take out air cooling after 30 minutes; The friction and wear behavior of the copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy material of this method preparation is significantly improved; Bar is processed into the national standard coupon, and the room temperature tensile Mechanics Performance Testing is carried out at WE-10 type fluid pressure type stretching experiment machine; Take a sample at bar, go out the frictional wear sample by the line cutting processing, the frictional wear sample is circular, concrete size: external diameter Φ 50 mm, and endoporus Φ 10 mm, ring thickness 8mm, the same to mill part size, material is the 45# steel, hardness 50-54HRC; Frictional wear is to carry out at homemade MM-2000 type pin disc type trier, abrasion loss is with of poor quality measurement the before and after the sample wearing and tearing, the MAll0 electronic analytical balance is adopted in weighing, precision is 0.0001g, the frictional wear type is the oil lubrication frictional wear, used lubricating oil is 46# machine oil, oil dripping speed is 30 per minutes, and each sample carries out the pre-running-in of 30min earlier before beginning test, after finishing, running-in measures original weight, be loaded on predetermined load then and carry out the wearing test of the scheduled time, after friction-wear test finishes, with sample acetone ultrasonic cleaning 30min, measure the weight of sample again, and calculate the abrasion loss of sample; Sample and all will clean with acetone the mill part before each test will be ground to No. 1200 with sand paper the mill part before the test next time after each test, when preventing from testing the surfaceness of grinding part is changed next time; In the experiment, steel loop rotating speed 200r/min, copper ring rotating speed 180r/min, relative sliding velocity 0.05236m/s.
2. according to the described a kind of copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy that improves friction and wear behavior of claim 1, adopt shrend to add the copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy tensile strength 690.6MPa of statutes of limitations preparation, elongation 12.9%, microhardness 167.7HV, thermal fatigue friction and wear behavior excellence when load is 200N.
3. according to the described a kind of copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy that improves friction and wear behavior of claim 1, adopt oil quenching to add the copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy tensile strength 750.2MPa of statutes of limitations preparation, elongation 13.2%, microhardness 156.2HV, thermal fatigue friction and wear behavior excellence in the time of in load is 400N to 800N scope.
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| CN104233131A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2014-12-24 | 镇江忆诺唯记忆合金有限公司 | Heat treatment process for improving friction and wear properties of copper-zinc-aluminum memory alloy |
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Application publication date: 20130821 |