CN104219811A - Composite graphite electrode and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Composite graphite electrode and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104219811A CN104219811A CN201310220877.7A CN201310220877A CN104219811A CN 104219811 A CN104219811 A CN 104219811A CN 201310220877 A CN201310220877 A CN 201310220877A CN 104219811 A CN104219811 A CN 104219811A
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Abstract
The invention provides a composite graphite electrode and a manufacturing method thereof. The method includes: forming inner holes in one end of the graphite electrode, wherein each inner hole extends deeply into the graphite electrode but does not penetrate the graphite electrode; loading a metal pipeline matched with each inner hole into the inner hole, wherein the inlet and the outlet of the metal pipeline are located outside the graphite electrode; allowing the gap between each inner hole and the outer wall of the corresponding metal pipeline to be filled with thickener; roasting the graphite electrode. The composite graphite electrode has the advantages that high-temperature-resistant graphite is used as electrode material, the problems that a metal electrode is easily liquefied under high temperature and short in service life are solved, the composite graphite electrode effectively combines the high temperature resistance of the graphite and good water cooling effects of the metal pipelines, and the service life of the electrode is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal smelt technical field, more particularly, relate to a kind of composite graphite electrode and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
DC-ore-heating electric furnace, is mainly used in the smelting of non-ferrous metal and the ferroalloys etc. such as zinc, copper, lead, tin.In DC-ore-heating electric furnace smelting, the life-span length of electrode has determined the whole economic efficiency of metal smelt, and therefore, the research that extends electrode life is significant.
In DC-ore-heating electric furnace, main by passing into large electric current to the electrode that is installed on furnace bottom center, come non-ferrous metal and ferroalloy etc. in heating and melting mineral hot furnace.At present, what most of DC-ore-heating electric furnaces adopted is the cooling contact pin type electrode of air/water, and as shown in Figure 1, the many bar-shaped contact pilotages 1 of metal are welded on air/water cool metal base, these contact pilotages pass to molten bath through cooling chamber and furnace lining, and the metal in molten bath etc. is heated.
But, the life-span of the cooling contact pin type electrode of existing air/water is shorter, needs the frequent refractory material of changing electrode and electrode, but because the maintenance difficulty of electrode and refractory material is large, the cycle is long, thereby make the cost of maintenance higher, affect overall economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of composite graphite electrode and preparation method thereof, short to solve in prior art the metal electrode life-span, that electrode and refractory material are changed is frequent, maintenance difficulty is large, the cycle is long and high in cost of production problem.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A manufacture method for composite graphite electrode, comprising:
One end at graphite electrode forms endoporus, and wherein, described endoporus gos deep into the inside of described graphite electrode, but does not run through described graphite electrode;
Pack the metal tubes of mating with described endoporus into described endoporus, wherein, pack the import of the described metal tubes after endoporus into and export the outside that is all positioned at described graphite electrode;
Thickener is filled up in space between described graphite electrode endoporus and metal tubes outer wall;
Graphite electrode described in roasting.
Preferably, the endoporus that described one end at graphite electrode forms is multiple equally distributed endoporus, and the metal tubes matching with it is housed in each endoporus.
Preferably, described metal tubes is U-shaped metal tubes, is to be formed by the identical thick-wall metal pipes curved way of pipe thickness entirety.
Preferably, described thickener is carbon paste.
Preferably, the process of described roasting graphite electrode, comprising:
Described graphite electrode is put into baking furnace, carry out roasting for the first time;
Graphite electrode after roasting is for the first time immersed to liquid impregnation agent;
Graphite electrode after dipping is put into baking furnace, carry out roasting for the second time.
Preferably, described graphite electrode carries out the process of roasting for the first time, comprising:
Temperature in baking furnace is risen to the first temperature, and the scope of the first temperature is 220 DEG C～240 DEG C, comprises endpoint value, and the scope of heating rate is 30 DEG C/h～40 DEG C/h, comprises endpoint value;
Temperature in baking furnace is risen to the second temperature, and the scope of the second temperature is 290 DEG C～310 DEG C, comprises endpoint value, and the scope of heating rate is 6 DEG C/h～8 DEG C/h, comprises endpoint value;
Temperature in baking furnace is risen to the 3rd temperature, and the scope of the 3rd temperature is 940 DEG C～960 DEG C, comprises endpoint value, and the scope of heating rate is 7 DEG C/h～9 DEG C/h, comprises endpoint value;
Make the temperature in baking furnace remain on the 3rd temperature, keeping the time range of the 3rd temperature is 4 hours～6 hours, comprises endpoint value;
By naturally cooling described graphite electrode rear taking-up.
Preferably, described graphite electrode carries out the process of roasting for the second time, comprising:
Temperature in baking furnace is risen to the 4th temperature, and the scope of the 4th temperature is 1000 DEG C～1200 DEG C, comprises endpoint value, and the scope of heating rate is 10 DEG C/h～15 DEG C/h, comprises endpoint value;
Make the temperature in baking furnace remain on the 4th temperature, keeping the time range of the 4th temperature is 11 hours～13 hours, comprises endpoint value;
By naturally cooling described graphite electrode rear taking-up.
A composite graphite electrode that adopts said method to make, comprising:
Graphite electrode;
Be positioned at the endoporus of described graphite electrode one end, wherein, described endoporus gos deep into the inside of described graphite electrode, but does not run through described graphite electrode;
Mate and pack into the metal tubes in described endoporus with described endoporus, wherein, pack the import of the described metal tubes after endoporus into and export the outside that is all positioned at described graphite electrode;
Fill the thickener in space between described endoporus and described metal tubes.
Preferably, described graphite electrode comprises the first coaxial cylindrical electrode and the second cylindrical electrode, described metal tubes runs through described the second cylindrical electrode, and be deep into described the first cylindrical electrode inside, and the bottom surface radius of described the second cylindrical electrode is less than the bottom surface radius of described the first cylindrical electrode.
Preferably, on the rounded bottom surface of described the second cylindrical electrode, there are multiple equally distributed endoporus, wherein, described endoporus runs through described the second cylindrical electrode but does not run through described the first cylindrical electrode, and in described each endoporus, the U-shaped metal tubes matching with it is housed.
Compared with prior art, technical scheme provided by the present invention has the following advantages:
Composite graphite electrode provided by the present invention and preparation method thereof, form in one end of graphite electrode deeply but do not run through the endoporus of described graphite electrode, pack the metal tubes of mating with described endoporus into described endoporus, and pack the import of the described metal tubes after endoporus into and export the outside that is all positioned at described graphite electrode, thereby can in metal tubes, pass into cold water, reduce the temperature of graphite electrode by the cold water of the metal tubes of flowing through, graphite electrode can be used for a long time under the condition of high temperature, extended the useful life of graphite electrode.
Composite graphite electrode provided by the present invention, adopt resistant to elevated temperatures graphite as electrode material, avoid metal electrode to be at high temperature easily liquefied and caused short problem of life-span, and composite graphite electrode provided by the present invention combines the advantage of the high temperature resistant and metal tubes good water-cooling effect of graphite effectively, further extend the useful life of electrode, thereby without frequent electrode and the refractory material changed, reduce maintenance frequency and the maintenance cost of electrode, improved overall economic benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the cooling contact pin type electrode structure of existing air/water schematic diagram;
The process chart of the composite graphite method for making its electrode that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one;
The Structure of cross section schematic diagram of the composite graphite electrode that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention two;
The plan structure schematic diagram of the composite graphite electrode that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention two.
Embodiment
As described in background, the life-span of the cooling contact pin type electrode of existing air/water is shorter, inventor studies discovery, cause the reason of this problem mainly, metal material non-refractory, metal electrode is at high temperature easily liquefied, therefore, in order to ensure the conductivity of electrode, using after certain heat, just need to change electrode.Because the refractory material between the contact pilotage of the cooling contact pin type electrode of air/water and furnace bottom have formed an entirety, therefore, in the time changing electrode, just bottom refractory need to be changed together, thereby make that maintenance difficulty is large, the cycle is long, make the cost of maintenance higher, affected overall economic benefit.
Based on this, the invention provides a kind of combined type graphite electrode and preparation method thereof, the problems referred to above that exist to overcome prior art, comprising:
One end at graphite electrode forms endoporus, and wherein, described endoporus gos deep into the inside of described graphite electrode, but does not run through described graphite electrode;
Pack the metal tubes of mating with described endoporus into described endoporus, wherein, pack the import of the described metal tubes after endoporus into and export the outside that is all positioned at described graphite electrode;
Thickener is filled up in space between described graphite electrode endoporus and metal tubes outer wall;
Graphite electrode described in roasting.
Composite graphite electrode provided by the present invention and preparation method thereof, form in one end of graphite electrode deeply but do not run through the endoporus of described graphite electrode, pack the metal tubes of mating with described endoporus into described endoporus, and pack the import of the described metal tubes after endoporus into and export the outside that is all positioned at described graphite electrode, thereby can in metal tubes, pass into cold water, reduce the temperature of graphite electrode by the cold water of the metal tubes of flowing through, graphite electrode can be used for a long time under the condition of high temperature, extended the useful life of graphite electrode.
Composite graphite electrode provided by the present invention, adopt resistant to elevated temperatures graphite as electrode material, avoid metal electrode to be at high temperature easily liquefied and caused short problem of life-span, and composite graphite electrode provided by the present invention combines the advantage of the high temperature resistant and metal tubes good water-cooling effect of graphite effectively, further extend the useful life of electrode, thereby without frequent electrode and the refractory material changed, reduce maintenance frequency and the maintenance cost of electrode, improved overall economic benefit.
Be more than core concept of the present invention, for above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention be described in detail.
A lot of details are set forth in the following description so that fully understand the present invention, but the present invention can also adopt other to be different from alternate manner described here and implement, those skilled in the art can do similar popularization without prejudice to intension of the present invention in the situation that, and therefore the present invention is not subject to the restriction of following public specific embodiment.
Secondly, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with schematic diagram, in the time that the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail in detail; for ease of explanation; represent that the profile of device architecture can disobey general ratio and do local amplification, and described schematic diagram is example, it should not limit the scope of protection of the invention at this.In addition in actual fabrication, should comprise, the three-dimensional space of length, width and the degree of depth.
Describe in detail below by embodiment.
Embodiment mono-
The present embodiment provides a kind of manufacture method of composite graphite electrode, and its process chart as shown in Figure 2.
S201: the one end at graphite electrode forms endoporus, and wherein, described endoporus gos deep into the inside of described graphite electrode, but does not run through described graphite electrode;
Graphite electrode in the present embodiment is high power graphite electrode, the raw material such as petroleum coke, needle coke that adopt high-quality, after overmolding, roasting, dipping and graphitization, make through machining again, wherein, the shape of described graphite electrode can be carried out machining as required, and in the present embodiment, the shape to graphite electrode does not limit.Certainly, the present embodiment does not also limit the manufacture method of graphite electrode, in other embodiments, also can adopt additive method to prepare high-power graphite electrode.
One end at described graphite electrode forms endoporus, and preferred, described endoporus is multiple equally distributed endoporus, wherein, each endoporus gos deep into the inside of described graphite electrode, but does not run through described graphite electrode, and each endoporus to go deep into the length of described graphite electrode identical.
S202: pack the metal tubes of mating with described endoporus into described endoporus, wherein, pack the import of the described metal tubes after endoporus into and export the outside that is all positioned at described graphite electrode;
Preferably, the metal tubes of mating with described endoporus is U-shaped metal (stainless steel) pipeline, is to be formed by the identical thick-wall metal pipes curved way of pipe thickness entirety, and the pipe thickness scope of described thick-walled metal pipeline is 5mm～10mm, comprises endpoint value.Can mate with described endoporus for ensureing the U-shaped metal tubes after bending, must ensure that described U-shaped metal tubes can pack and go deep into described endoporus into, the length that enters the U-shaped metal tubes of described endoporus is slightly less than the length of described endoporus, wherein, pack the import of the described metal tubes after endoporus into and export the outside that is all positioned at described graphite electrode, as shown in Figure 3, thereby can in U-shaped metal tubes, pass into cold water, reduce the temperature of graphite electrode by the cold water of metal tubes in the graphite electrode of flowing through, graphite electrode can be used for a long time under the condition of high temperature, extend the useful life of graphite electrode.
S203: thickener is filled up in the space between described graphite electrode endoporus and metal tubes outer wall;
Metal tubes is packed into after described endoporus, between the inwall of graphite electrode endoporus and the outer wall of metal tubes, certainly exist space, this is unfavorable for the fixing of metal tubes, also be unfavorable for the use of graphite electrode, therefore, need to adopt thickener that described space is filled up, the described thickener in the present embodiment is carbon paste.
S204: graphite electrode described in roasting.
Space between graphite electrode endoporus and metal tubes outer wall is filled up after thickener, just made green compact combination electrode, then green compact combination electrode is put into baking furnace and carry out roasting, make the composite graphite electrode of moulding, wherein, the process of roasting, comprising:
S2041: described graphite electrode is put into baking furnace, carry out roasting for the first time;
Rise to the first temperature by the temperature in baking furnace, the scope of the first temperature is 220 DEG C～240 DEG C, comprises endpoint value, and this stage programming rate is unsuitable too fast, and the scope of heating rate is 30 DEG C/h～40 DEG C/h, comprises endpoint value; Temperature in baking furnace is risen to the second temperature, and the scope of the second temperature is 290 DEG C～310 DEG C, comprises endpoint value, and this stage programming rate is also unsuitable too fast, and the scope of heating rate is 6 DEG C/h～8 DEG C/h, comprises endpoint value; Temperature in baking furnace is risen to the 3rd temperature, and the scope of the 3rd temperature is 940 DEG C～960 DEG C, comprises endpoint value, and the scope of heating rate is 7 DEG C/h～9 DEG C/h, comprises endpoint value; Make the temperature in baking furnace remain on the 3rd temperature, keeping the time range of the 3rd temperature is 4 hours～6 hours, comprises endpoint value; After described graphite electrode being naturally cooled to the temperature range of 100 DEG C～960 DEG C, take out.
S2042: the graphite electrode after roasting is for the first time immersed to liquid impregnation agent;
Graphite electrode after roasting is for the first time immersed in the liquid impregnation agent in autoclave, repeat 2～3 times.In the process of roasting for the first time, due to the effusion of volatile ingredient, in graphite electrode, form a large amount of small holes, make graphite electrode after roasting for the first time can not meet the demand of high volume density, high mechanical properties, high conduction performance, therefore, need flood and after baking processing the graphite electrode after bakes to burn the article, to reduce the hole in graphite electrode.In autoclave, by certain process conditions such as temperature, pressure, liquid impregnation agent is immersed in the graphite electrode after bakes to burn the article, fill up as much as possible described hole, repeat 2～3 times, and then the graphite electrode after dipping is heat-treated to i.e. roasting for the second time.
S2043: the graphite electrode after dipping is put into baking furnace, carry out roasting for the second time.
Rise to the 4th temperature by the temperature in baking furnace, the scope of the 4th temperature is 1000 DEG C～1200 DEG C, comprises endpoint value, and the scope of heating rate is 10 DEG C/h～15 DEG C/h, comprises endpoint value; Make the temperature in baking furnace remain on the 4th temperature, keeping the time range of the 4th temperature is 11 hours～13 hours, comprises endpoint value; By naturally cooling described graphite electrode rear taking-up.
Take out after the composite graphite electrode of after baking moulding, in the metal tubes of composite graphite electrode, pass into compressed air, remove dust in metal tubes etc., to ensure the unimpeded of pipeline, then described composite graphite electrode is carried out to hydraulic pressure test, to ensure that composite graphite electrode can normally use.
The manufacture method of the composite graphite electrode that the present embodiment provides, form in one end of graphite electrode deeply but do not run through the endoporus of described graphite electrode, pack the metal tubes of mating with described endoporus into described endoporus, and pack the import of the described metal tubes after endoporus into and export the outside that is all positioned at described graphite electrode, thereby can in metal tubes, pass into cold water, reduce the temperature of graphite electrode by the cold water of the metal tubes of flowing through, graphite electrode can be used for a long time under the condition of high temperature, extended the useful life of graphite electrode.
Embodiment bis-
The present embodiment provides a kind of composite graphite electrode, its Structure of cross section schematic diagram, and as shown in Figure 3, described composite graphite comprises:
Graphite electrode 301;
Be positioned at the endoporus of described graphite electrode one end, wherein, described endoporus gos deep into the inside of described graphite electrode, but does not run through described graphite electrode;
Mate and pack into the metal tubes 302 in described endoporus with described endoporus, wherein, pack the import of the described metal tubes after endoporus into and export the outside that is all positioned at described graphite electrode;
Fill the thickener in space between described endoporus and described metal tubes.
Graphite electrode 301 in the present embodiment is high power graphite electrode, and described graphite electrode 301 comprises the first coaxial cylindrical electrode and the second cylindrical electrode, described metal tubes runs through described the second cylindrical electrode, and be deep into described the first cylindrical electrode inside, and the bottom surface radius of described the second cylindrical electrode is less than the bottom surface radius of described the first cylindrical electrode.
The plan structure schematic diagram of the composite graphite electrode that the present embodiment provides, as shown in Figure 4, on the rounded bottom surface of described the second assize electrode ink, there are multiple equally distributed endoporus, wherein, described endoporus runs through described the second cylindrical electrode but does not run through described the first cylindrical electrode, and in described each endoporus, the U-shaped metal tubes matching with it is housed.
The composite graphite electrode that the present embodiment provides, adopt resistant to elevated temperatures graphite as electrode material, avoid metal electrode to be at high temperature easily liquefied and caused short problem of life-span, and composite graphite electrode provided by the present invention combines the advantage of the high temperature resistant and metal tubes good water-cooling effect of graphite effectively, further extend the useful life of electrode, thereby without frequent electrode and the refractory material changed, reduce maintenance frequency and the maintenance cost of electrode, improved overall economic benefit.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, make professional and technical personnel in the field can realize or use the present invention.To be apparent for those skilled in the art to the multiple amendment of these embodiment, General Principle as defined herein can, in the situation that not departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (10)
1. a manufacture method for composite graphite electrode, is characterized in that, comprising:
One end at graphite electrode forms endoporus, and wherein, described endoporus gos deep into the inside of described graphite electrode, but does not run through described graphite electrode;
Pack the metal tubes of mating with described endoporus into described endoporus, wherein, pack the import of the described metal tubes after endoporus into and export the outside that is all positioned at described graphite electrode;
Thickener is filled up in space between described graphite electrode endoporus and metal tubes outer wall;
Graphite electrode described in roasting.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the endoporus that described one end at graphite electrode forms is multiple equally distributed endoporus, and the metal tubes matching with it is housed in each endoporus.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described metal tubes is U-shaped metal tubes, is to be formed by the identical thick-wall metal pipes curved way of pipe thickness entirety.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described thickener is carbon paste.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the process of described roasting graphite electrode, comprising:
Described graphite electrode is put into baking furnace, carry out roasting for the first time;
Graphite electrode after roasting is for the first time immersed to liquid impregnation agent;
Graphite electrode after dipping is put into baking furnace, carry out roasting for the second time.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described graphite electrode carries out the process of roasting for the first time, comprising:
Temperature in baking furnace is risen to the first temperature, and the scope of the first temperature is 220 DEG C～240 DEG C, comprises endpoint value, and the scope of heating rate is 30 DEG C/h～40 DEG C/h, comprises endpoint value;
Temperature in baking furnace is risen to the second temperature, and the scope of the second temperature is 290 DEG C～310 DEG C, comprises endpoint value, and the scope of heating rate is 6 DEG C/h～8 DEG C/h, comprises endpoint value;
Temperature in baking furnace is risen to the 3rd temperature, and the scope of the 3rd temperature is 940 DEG C～960 DEG C, comprises endpoint value, and the scope of heating rate is 7 DEG C/h～9 DEG C/h, comprises endpoint value;
Make the temperature in baking furnace remain on the 3rd temperature, keeping the time range of the 3rd temperature is 4 hours～6 hours, comprises endpoint value;
By naturally cooling described graphite electrode rear taking-up.
7. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described graphite electrode carries out the process of roasting for the second time, comprising:
Temperature in baking furnace is risen to the 4th temperature, and the scope of the 4th temperature is 1000 DEG C～1200 DEG C, comprises endpoint value, and the scope of heating rate is 10 DEG C/h～15 DEG C/h, comprises endpoint value;
Make the temperature in baking furnace remain on the 4th temperature, keeping the time range of the 4th temperature is 11 hours～13 hours, comprises endpoint value;
By naturally cooling described graphite electrode rear taking-up.
8. a composite graphite electrode of making according to the method described in claim 1-7, is characterized in that, comprising:
Graphite electrode;
Be positioned at the endoporus of described graphite electrode one end, wherein, described endoporus gos deep into the inside of described graphite electrode, but does not run through described graphite electrode;
Mate and pack into the metal tubes in described endoporus with described endoporus, wherein, pack the import of the described metal tubes after endoporus into and export the outside that is all positioned at described graphite electrode;
Fill the thickener in space between described endoporus and described metal tubes.
9. composite graphite electrode according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described graphite electrode comprises the first coaxial cylindrical electrode and the second cylindrical electrode, described metal tubes runs through described the second cylindrical electrode, and be deep into described the first cylindrical electrode inside, and the bottom surface radius of described the second cylindrical electrode is less than the bottom surface radius of described the first cylindrical electrode.
10. composite graphite electrode according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, on the rounded bottom surface of described the second cylindrical electrode, there are multiple equally distributed endoporus, wherein, described endoporus runs through described the second cylindrical electrode but does not run through described the first cylindrical electrode, and in described each endoporus, the U-shaped metal tubes matching with it is housed.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108059155A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-22 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of graphite splash bar and its method of roasting |
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| US4468783A (en) * | 1980-10-27 | 1984-08-28 | Arc Technologies Systems Ltd. | Electrode for arc furnaces |
| CN101309530A (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2008-11-19 | 上海大学 | Cooling electrode for high temperature furnace |
| CN101553060A (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2009-10-07 | 平煤集团开封炭素有限责任公司 | Ultra high power graphite resistor rod with 600mm diameter and method for producing the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4468783A (en) * | 1980-10-27 | 1984-08-28 | Arc Technologies Systems Ltd. | Electrode for arc furnaces |
| CN101309530A (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2008-11-19 | 上海大学 | Cooling electrode for high temperature furnace |
| CN101553060A (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2009-10-07 | 平煤集团开封炭素有限责任公司 | Ultra high power graphite resistor rod with 600mm diameter and method for producing the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108059155A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-22 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of graphite splash bar and its method of roasting |
| CN108059155B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2020-05-08 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | Graphite stirring rod and roasting method thereof |
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