CN104213899A - Logging identifying method of stratum rock framework - Google Patents
Logging identifying method of stratum rock framework Download PDFInfo
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- CN104213899A CN104213899A CN201310218843.4A CN201310218843A CN104213899A CN 104213899 A CN104213899 A CN 104213899A CN 201310218843 A CN201310218843 A CN 201310218843A CN 104213899 A CN104213899 A CN 104213899A
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Abstract
The invention provides a logging identifying method of a stratum rock framework, and belongs to the field of oil exploration and development. The method includes the steps that a depth point with resistivity going to infinity is searched for, and a logging value of the depth point serves as a rock framework value, wherein the rock framework value includes interval transit time, compensating density and compensated neutron measuring value; as for an exploratory area with core analysis experiments, check analysis is carried out on the rock framework value, and the rock framework value is verified through core experiments; the rock framework value verified through the core experiments is applied to an unknown exploratory area with the same lithology as the exploratory area. By means of the method, the problems that reservoir porosity of stratums with undefined stratum rock frameworks or complex mineral compositions in the prior art can not be precisely solved and the core framework is difficult to calculate, cost for obtaining rock frameworks with complex lithology is greatly reduced, and calculation precision of reservoir porosity is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil exploration, development field, relate to the logging technique that identification reservoir porosity calculates, be specifically related to a kind of Logging Identification Method of formation rock skeleton.
Background technology
Acoustic velocity logging and density log are the most frequently used lithology-porosity logging methods.Want to determine with porosity logging lithology and the degree of porosity on stratum, just must set up the response equation of acoustic velocity logging and density log.
The form of current popular acoustic velocity logging response equation, density log response equation is as follows successively:
The degree of porosity that can obtain thus clean rock is:
In formula:
for rock porosity, decimal; Δ t is the acoustic wave of rock time difference of measuring, and unit is μ s/m; Δ t
mafor rock matrix interval transit time, unit is μ s/m; Δ t
ffor the interval transit time of blowhole fluid, unit is μ s/m;
for density porosity, decimal; ρ
bfor measuring the bulk density of rock, unit is g/cm
3; ρ
mafor matrix density, unit is g/cm
3; ρ
ffor the bulk density of blowhole fluid, unit is g/cm
3.
Can find out from the design formulas of degree of porosity, accurately ask for acoustic wave of rock skeleton value or density skeleton value is accurately to ask for the necessary condition of formation porosity.
For the less Within Monominerals rock of shale content, the sound wave skeleton of rock or density skeleton ratio be easier to determine, but complicated because of oil-gas exploration and development object, the lithology trend of target zone is complicated, and rock matrix is the permanent new problem that often becomes well log interpretation really.If lava etc. is because of lava mineralogical composition difference, there is inconsistent phenomenon in the volcanic rocks skeleton of different regions, shown in table 1 (the different lava degree of porosity relational expressions of Karamay oilfield and litho-electric parameters (according to Xu Chunhua etc., 2007)).This problem urgently a kind of simple and easy and log analysis method is accurately solved.
Table 1
Solution is mainly geochemical well logging and cores to analyze and obtain rock matrix now, and said method not only cost is high, and is difficult to use in large work area comprehensively, needs substituting of cost effective method.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the difficult problem existing in above-mentioned prior art, a kind of Logging Identification Method of formation rock skeleton is provided, easy to operate, conclusion is reliable.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A Logging Identification Method for formation rock skeleton, comprising:
Depth point when searching resistivity is tending towards infinity, using the log value of this depth point as rock matrix value; Described rock matrix value comprises interval transit time, compensation density and compensated neutron measured value;
For the exploratory area that has core analysis experiment, carry out the check analysis of rock matrix value, obtain the rock matrix value of having verified by core experiment;
The described rock matrix value of having verified by core experiment is applied to the unknown exploratory area of same lithology.
The check analysis of described rock matrix value comprises:
(1), described rock matrix value and the rock matrix value of utilizing core analysis porosity and sound wave or density intersection to obtain are done to comparative analysis, obtain both uniformity;
(2), by described rock matrix value input degree of porosity design formulas, ask for formation porosity; In known core hole, according to the degree of porosity of core analysis, the computational accuracy of tried to achieve formation porosity is checked again.
The described rock matrix value of utilizing core analysis porosity and sound wave or density intersection to obtain is achieved in that
Core analysis porosity is classified by lithology: under same lithology, according to the depth value of core analysis porosity, in log data, find acoustic logging value corresponding under this degree of depth or density log value;
Core analysis porosity value and described acoustic logging value are done to two-dimentional cross plot, then with after fitting a straight line, obtain the relation of y=kx+b, wherein y refers to interval transit time, and x refers to degree of porosity, and in the time that degree of porosity x is zero, b is exactly interval transit time skeleton value;
Equally, core analysis porosity value and described density log value are done to two-dimentional cross plot, then with after fitting a straight line, obtain the relation of y=kx+b, wherein y refers to density, and x refers to degree of porosity, and in the time that degree of porosity x is zero, b is exactly density skeleton value;
If there is the apparent density of core analysis, directly substitute by apparent density the density value obtaining in borehole log data.
Described porosity calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein,
In formula:
for rock porosity, decimal; Δ t is the acoustic wave of rock time difference of measuring, and unit is μ s/m; Δ t
mafor rock matrix interval transit time, unit is μ s/m; Δ t
ffor the interval transit time of blowhole fluid, unit is μ s/m;
for density porosity, decimal; ρ
bfor measuring the bulk density of rock, unit is g/cm
3; ρ
mafor matrix density, unit is g/cm
3; ρ
ffor the bulk density of blowhole fluid, unit is g/cm
3.
Described computational accuracy refers to the formation porosity and the conforming height of core analysis porosity that utilize rock matrix value to calculate.
Describedly according to the degree of porosity of core analysis, the computational accuracy of tried to achieve formation porosity is checked and is achieved in that again
The formation porosity calculating and core analysis porosity are done to relative error analysis, if relative error value is less than minimum reference value, described rock core skeleton value is the rock matrix value of having verified by core experiment.
Described minimum reference value gets 10%.
Describedly the described rock matrix value of having verified by core experiment is applied to the unknown exploratory area of same lithology is achieved in that
By porosity calculation formula described in the described rock matrix value substitution of having verified by core experiment, obtain the degree of porosity in the unknown exploratory area of same lithology; The unknown exploratory area of described same lithology refers to the well identical with the lithology in the described exploratory area that has core analysis experiment, and the interval transit time skeleton value in this exploratory area or density skeleton value or neutron skeleton value are unknown.
Described resistivity is tending towards infinity and refers to that formation resistivity is greater than 2000 ohm meters.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The invention solves stratum indefinite for target zone rock matrix or that mineralogical composition is complicated, problem that can not Exact Solution reservoir porosity is difficult to ask for the problem of rock matrix;
This method is workable, and the degree of porosity that utilizes the method to calculate is verified through the core analysis porosity of known core hole, research conclusion accurately and reliably, greatly reduces the cost that obtains complex lithology rock matrix, has improved the computational accuracy of reservoir porosity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1-1st, the rock matrix figure of tuff in log identification stratum.
Fig. 1-2 is the rock matrix figure of rhyolite in log identification stratum.
Fig. 2-1st, the core analysis density of rhyolite and degree of porosity graph of a relation.
Fig. 2-2nd, the core analysis density of tuff and degree of porosity graph of a relation.
Fig. 3 is the degree of porosity comparison diagram that X borehole logging tool is explained degree of porosity and core analysis.
Fig. 4 is the step block diagram of the inventive method.
Fig. 5 is degree of porosity and the core analysis porosity relative error schematic diagram that X well calculates.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:
Asking for for accurately asking for formation porosity of formation rock skeleton, one to being Focal point and difficult point in well log interpretation.Because target zone rock matrix is indefinite or mineralogical composition is complicated, obtain rock matrix and adopt geochemical well logging or core to analyze, not only cost is high, and is difficult to use in large work area comprehensively, so the rock matrix on the stratum of studying is inferred in research with log, be a new approach.The method according to being that tight formation degree of porosity goes to zero, and resistivity is tending towards infinitely great, now thinks that the degree of porosity of this measuring point is negligible, therefore this measuring point can be considered formation rock skeleton point.This method is workable, and all can have good using value in tight sand, carbonate rock and igneous reservoirs, and reliable formation rock skeleton acquiring method is provided.
The present invention is achieved in that or mineralogical composition bad ground indefinite for target zone rock matrix, can attempt adopting log to infer the rock matrix on the stratum of studying.It infers according to being that tight formation degree of porosity goes to zero, and resistivity is tending towards infinitely great, now thinks that the degree of porosity of this measuring point is negligible, and therefore this measuring point can be considered formation rock skeleton point.The formation rock skeleton value of utilizing the method to obtain, can contrast with the skeleton value of utilizing core analysis porosity and sound wave or density intersection to obtain; The degree of porosity precision of utilizing the method to calculate, can adopt the core analysis porosity of known core hole to be verified, thereby realizes the object for the degree of porosity accurate Calculation on unknown rock matrix stratum.
The well logging recognition of rock matrix: pure lithology is put corresponding lowest porosity log value and be can be considered and approach the log value of rock matrix (this rock matrix log value is the theoretical value of inferring, this value is confirmed by lot of experimental data.As shown in Fig. 2-1 and Fig. 2-2).In the time that its corresponding resistivity is tending towards infinity, can think that degree of porosity ignores, the log value (being interval transit time, compensation density and compensated neutron measured value) of this depth point can be considered rock matrix value.
As shown in Figure 4, the inventive method comprises:
(1) well logging of rock matrix value is determined: in practical application, read the corresponding interval transit time in depth point, compensation density and compensated neutron measured value (these three values all obtain from log) that formation resistivity is greater than 2000 ohm meters, these three values are rock matrix value; According to log quality or other aspects in general.If these three curve qualities are all very good, can read three skeleton values; If there are log quality problems, choose up-to-standard log, read skeleton value.
(2) check analysis of rock matrix value.This checking is divided into two steps:
One, by rock matrix value definite said method, (core analysis porosity and sound wave intersection are to obtain like this rock matrix: first will be core analysis porosity by the different classification of lithology from the rock matrix value of utilizing core analysis porosity and sound wave or density intersection to obtain.Under same lithology, according to the depth value of core analysis porosity, in log data, find acoustic logging value corresponding under this degree of depth.Then core analysis porosity value and sound wave log value are done to two-dimentional cross plot, generally can see that lithologic analysis porosity value increases along with the increase of interval transit time, both are approximated to linear relationship.With after fitting a straight line, obtain the relation of y=kx+b.General y refers to interval transit time, and x refers to degree of porosity.In the time that degree of porosity x is zero, b is exactly interval transit time skeleton value so.Equally, core analysis porosity and density intersection are also to obtain like this density skeleton value.If certainly there is the apparent density of core analysis, can directly substitute by apparent density the density value obtaining in borehole log data.) do the comparative analysis (uniformity of the rock matrix value rock matrix value that namely this method introduction obtains relatively directly obtaining by log and the rock matrix value obtaining by core analysis porosity and sound wave, density intersection.By the feasibility of contrast proved inventive method.)；
Two,, for the exploratory area that has core analysis experiment, by the rock matrix value input degree of porosity design formulas of having verified by core experiment, ask for formation porosity.In known core hole, according to the degree of porosity of core analysis, above-mentioned porosity calculation precision (the conforming height of the formation porosity that rock matrix calculates and core analysis porosity) is checked again that (formation porosity calculating by this kind of method and core analysis porosity are done to relative error analysis, and relative error average is less than 10% can think that the formation porosity degree of accuracy calculating with the rock matrix that this kind of method obtains is higher.As shown in Figure 5, its relative error average is 9.11%).
Porosity calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein,
In formula:
for rock porosity, decimal; Δ t is the acoustic wave of rock time difference of measuring, and unit is μ s/m; Δ t
mafor rock matrix interval transit time, unit is μ s/m; Δ t
ffor the interval transit time of blowhole fluid, unit is μ s/m;
for density porosity, decimal; ρ
bfor measuring the bulk density of rock, unit is g/cm
3; ρ
mafor matrix density, unit is g/cm
3; ρ
ffor the bulk density of blowhole fluid, unit is g/cm
3.
(3) with the application in the unknown exploratory area of lithology: when degree of porosity and the core analysis porosity goodness of fit are calculated in above-mentioned well logging, high (formation porosity and core analysis porosity do relative error analysis, relative error average is less than 10% can think that the goodness of fit is high), (formation porosity and core analysis porosity do relative error to meet well log interpretation precision, its average is less than 10% and thinks to meet well log interpretation precision) time, the method can be used for the unknown exploratory area of the lithology (well that lithology is identical.The skeleton value reading has uniformity and is same lithology.The unknown refers to interval transit time skeleton value or density skeleton value or the unknown of neutron skeleton value.) porosity logging calculate, otherwise can not use the method.Can only again explore other method.
The present invention is by utilizing log to obtain the rock matrix of complex lithology, solve the present situation that is difficult to ask for rock matrix for complex lithology, the method is workable, the degree of porosity that utilizes the method to calculate, core analysis porosity through known core hole is verified, research conclusion accurately and reliably, greatly reduces the cost that obtains complex lithology rock matrix, has improved the computational accuracy of reservoir porosity.
1, log is determined stratum rock matrix
Fig. 1-1 and Fig. 1-2 are the schematic diagrames of log identification formation rock skeleton.In the time that the resistivity of fine and close lithology is greater than 2000 ohm meter, can think that its degree of porosity can ignore, degree of porosity measured value is now lithology skeleton value.According to the method, in practical study, can on log, read the lithology skeleton value that 2 classes are different.Density is respectively 2.62g/cm
3and 2.67g/cm
3.Combine with geology afterwards, what confirmation density skeleton was 2.62g/cm3 is rhyolite, and what density skeleton was 2.67g/cm3 is that (geology in conjunction with rock-mineral analysis, determines that this district exists rhyolite and two kinds of main lithology of tuff by core observation to tuff.The depth point of above-mentioned two skeletons of well logging recognition is respectively in these two kinds of lithology coring depth sections.)。
The rock matrix that the formation rock skeleton of 2, logging well definite and core analysis porosity and density intersection obtain does comparative analysis
As shown in Figure 2, for rhyolite, do intersection by core analysis porosity and core analysis density, obtain linear relationship and be
(this linear relationship is with after the degree of porosity of core analysis and the density intersection of core analysis, these loosely put matchings out to index of correlation.After matching, all can there is individual index of correlation, show the goodness of fit of matching.)R＝0.879。When
time, rhyolite density skeleton value is 2.626g/cm
3, the density skeleton 2.62g/cm definite with well logging
3match.For tuff, do intersection by core analysis porosity and core analysis density, obtain linear relationship and be
coefficient R
2=0.9893.When
time, tuff density skeleton value is 2.67g/cm
3, the density skeleton 2.67g/cm definite with well logging
3very identical.Can draw thus, or target zone that mineralogical composition complicated indefinite for rock matrix, determines that with log this method of rock matrix value is accurately believable.
3, according to the degree of porosity of core analysis, the degree of porosity precision of the rock matrix calculating with logging well definite is checked again.
As seen from Figure 3, determine that with well logging degree of porosity and the core analysis porosity (right several the 4th hurdles, shown in stain) of stratum rock matrix calculating are basically identical.Can draw thus, with logging well definite formation rock skeleton accurately and reliably, greatly reduce the cost that obtains complex lithology rock matrix, improve the computational accuracy of reservoir porosity.
Technique scheme is one embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, the invention discloses on the basis of application process and principle, be easy to make various types of improvement or distortion, and be not limited only to the described method of the above-mentioned detailed description of the invention of the present invention, therefore previously described mode is just preferred, and does not have restrictive meaning.
Claims (9)
1. a Logging Identification Method for formation rock skeleton, is characterized in that: described method comprises:
Depth point when searching resistivity is tending towards infinity, using the log value of this depth point as rock matrix value; Described rock matrix value comprises interval transit time, compensation density and compensated neutron measured value;
For the exploratory area that has core analysis experiment, carry out the check analysis of rock matrix value, obtain the rock matrix value of having verified by core experiment;
The described rock matrix value of having verified by core experiment is applied to the unknown exploratory area of same lithology.
2. the Logging Identification Method of formation rock skeleton according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the check analysis of described rock matrix value comprises:
(1), described rock matrix value and the rock matrix value of utilizing core analysis porosity and sound wave or density intersection to obtain are done to comparative analysis, obtain both uniformity;
(2), by described rock matrix value input degree of porosity design formulas, ask for formation porosity; In known core hole, according to the degree of porosity of core analysis, the computational accuracy of tried to achieve formation porosity is checked again.
3. the Logging Identification Method of formation rock skeleton according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the described rock matrix value of utilizing core analysis porosity and sound wave or density intersection to obtain is achieved in that
Core analysis porosity is classified by lithology: under same lithology, according to the depth value of core analysis porosity, in log data, find acoustic logging value corresponding under this degree of depth or density log value;
Core analysis porosity value and described acoustic logging value are done to two-dimentional cross plot, then with after fitting a straight line, obtain the relation of y=kx+b, wherein y refers to interval transit time, and x refers to degree of porosity, and in the time that degree of porosity x is zero, b is exactly interval transit time skeleton value;
Equally, core analysis porosity value and density log value are done to two-dimentional cross plot, then with after fitting a straight line, obtain the relation of y=kx+b, wherein y refers to density, and x refers to degree of porosity, and in the time that degree of porosity x is zero, b is exactly density skeleton value;
If there is the apparent density of core analysis, directly substitute by apparent density the density value obtaining in borehole log data.
4. the Logging Identification Method of formation rock skeleton according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described porosity calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein,
In formula:
for rock porosity, decimal; Δ t is the acoustic wave of rock time difference of measuring, and unit is μ s/m; Δ t
mafor rock matrix interval transit time, unit is μ s/m; Δ t
ffor the interval transit time of blowhole fluid, unit is μ s/m;
for density porosity, decimal; ρ
bfor measuring the bulk density of rock, unit is g/cm
3; ρ
mafor matrix density, unit is g/cm
3; ρ
ffor the bulk density of blowhole fluid, unit is g/cm
3.
5. the Logging Identification Method of formation rock skeleton according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described computational accuracy refers to the formation porosity and the conforming height of core analysis porosity that utilize rock matrix value to calculate.
6. the Logging Identification Method of formation rock skeleton according to claim 5, is characterized in that: describedly according to the degree of porosity of core analysis, the computational accuracy of tried to achieve formation porosity is checked and is achieved in that again
The formation porosity calculating and core analysis porosity are done to relative error analysis, if relative error value is less than minimum reference value, described rock core skeleton value is the rock matrix value of having verified by core experiment.
7. the Logging Identification Method of formation rock skeleton according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described minimum reference value gets 10%.
8. the Logging Identification Method of formation rock skeleton according to claim 7, is characterized in that: describedly the described rock matrix value of having verified by core experiment is applied to the unknown exploratory area of same lithology is achieved in that
By porosity calculation formula described in the described rock matrix value substitution of having verified by core experiment, obtain the degree of porosity in the unknown exploratory area of same lithology; The unknown exploratory area of described same lithology refers to the well identical with the lithology in the described exploratory area that has core analysis experiment, and the interval transit time skeleton value in this exploratory area or density skeleton value or neutron skeleton value are unknown.
9. the Logging Identification Method of formation rock skeleton according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described resistivity is tending towards infinity and refers to that formation resistivity is greater than 2000 ohm meters.
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| CN112012726B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2023-12-12 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Lithology recognition method |
| CN111119841A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-05-08 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Evaluation method for fine processing and automatic lithology identification of salt rock components |
| CN114109349A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2022-03-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for determining porosity index/saturation index of tight sandstone reservoir |
| CN114109349B (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2024-04-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for determining porosity index/saturation index of tight sandstone reservoir |
| CN112712025A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-27 | 东北石油大学 | Complex lithology identification method based on long-term and short-term memory neural network |
| CN116291415A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-06-23 | 西南石油大学 | Method and system for calculating porosity of gas-bearing stratum |
| CN116291415B (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-11-24 | 西南石油大学 | Method and system for calculating porosity of gas-bearing stratum |
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